HYDROFLUORIC ACID FLUOROCARBONS AND PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 89. November A private report by the MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "HYDROFLUORIC ACID FLUOROCARBONS AND PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 89. November A private report by the MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA"

Transcription

1 Report No. 89 HYDROFLUORIC ACID FLUOROCARBONS AND by HAROLD W. SCHEELINE November 1973 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA -. _

2 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION , SUMMARY... General Aspects , , Hydrofluoric Acid..,.....,.,...,...,.. Fluorocarbons , Technical Aspects and Economics,.....,.,...,.. Hydrofluoric Acid from Fluospar ,.. Hydrofluoric Acid from Fluosilicic Acid., Fluorocarbons by Reaction of Hydrofluoric Acid and...., ,..,..... Factors Affecting Economic Comparison INDUSTRY STATUS Hydrofluoric Acid Fluorocarbons HYDROFLUORIC ACID FROM FLUORSPAR... Chemistry... Review of Process... Process Description... Process Discussion... Cost Estimates... Capital Costs... Production Costs... 5 HYDROFLUORIC ACID FROM FLUOSILICIC ACID,.,....,,.. Fluosilicic Acid from Phosphoric Acid Plants Calcium Fluoride from Fluosilicic Acid by Bureau of Mines Process , Bureau of Mines Process , Davy Powergas Process.....,...,., RHT Process...,..... Buss Process Discussion and Comparison of Process Economics V

3 CONTENTS 6 FLUOROCARBONS BY REACTION OF HYDROFLUORIC ACID AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS Liquid Phase Process Chemistry Review of Processes Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates Capital Costs Production Costs Evaluation of By-Product Hydrogen Chloride Vapor Phase Process FLUOROCARBONS BY METHANE CHLOROFLUORINATION Chemistry Review of Processes Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates Capital Costs Production Costs Economics of Integrated Chlorofluorination and HCl Oxidation Facilities OTHER FLUOROCARBON PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES APPENDIX A DESIGN AND COST BASIS APPENDIX B SYSTEM FOR NUMERICAL DESIGNATION OF FLUOROCARBONS APPENDIX C PHYSICAL DATA ,.,. 181 APPENDIX D PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS....., APPENDIX E PRODUCT TOXICITY AND HANDLING.., CITED REFERENCES PATENT REFERENCES BY COMPANY, vi

4 ILLUSTRATIONS , Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost Calcium Fluoride from Fluosilicic Acid by Bureau of Mines Process HF and CaFa from Fluosilicic Acid Effect of HaSiF, Price on Production Costs Anhydrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by Bureau of Mines Process , Anhydrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by Davy Powergas Process Anhdrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by Buss Process.,.. Fluorocarbons by Liquid Phase Reaction of HF and Fluorocarbons 11 and 12 by Liquid Phase Reaction of HF and Carbon Tetrachloride Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost , Effect of Operating Level and Plant Capacity on Production Cost vii

5 TABLES Anhydrous HF Summary of Economics Fluorocarbons Summary of Economics Hydrofluoric Acid Plants in the United States Hydrofluoric Acid Plants Outside the United States.... U.S. Production, Shipments, and Average Sales Value of Anhydrous HF Fluorocarbon Plants in the United States, Fluorocarbon Plants Outside the United States U.S. Production, Sales, and Average Sales Values of Fluorocarbons HF from Fluorospar Patent Summary Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows Summary of Waste Products Total Capital Investment Production Costs Sensitivity of Production Costs to Feedstock and By-Product Prices Economics of Calcium Fluoride from Fluosilicic Acid by Bureau of Mines Process Production Costs Economics of Anhydrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by Bureau of Mines Process Production Costs Economics of Anhydrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by Davy Powergas Process Production Costs ix

6 TABLES Economics of Anhydrous HF from Fluosilicic Acid by RHT Process Production Costs , Comparative Economics of HsSiFs Utilization Processes.. 98 Fluorocarbons from and HF by Liquid Phase Process Patent Summary Operating Temperatures and Pressures Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows Fluorocarbons by Liquid Phase Reaction of RF and Summary of Waste Products Total Capital Investment Production Costs Sensitivity of Fluorocarbon Production Costs to Feedstock and By-Product Prices Approximate Production Costs of a-carbon Atom Fluorocarbons Chlorine from HCl by the Process Fluorocarbons from and HF by Vapor Phase Process Patent Summary X

7 TABLES C.l c.2 c.3 c.4 c.5 C.6 c.7 C.8 c.9 D.l D.2 Fluorocarbons by Hydrocarbon Chlorofluorination Patent Summary Design Bases for Fluorocarbon Plant Using Methane Chlorofluorination Operating Temperatures and Pressures Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows Summary of Waste Products Total Capital Investment Production Costs Sensitivity of Production Costs to Feedstock and By-Product Prices Economics With and Without HCl Oxidation Facilitjes Anhydrous HF Physical Properties Vapor Pressure of HF Apparent Molecular Weight of Anhydrous HF Vapor HF Saturated Vapor Density, Apparent Molecular Weight, and Heat of Vaporization Enthalpy of Anhydrous HF Fluorocarbon Physical Properties Fluorocarbon Vapor Pressures Heats of Formation of Halogenated Compounds Mutual Solubilities of HF and Fluorocarbons Anhydrous Hydrofluoric Acid Specifications Fluorocarbon Refrigerant Specifications Xi

ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 29A. Supplement A. by SHIGEYOSHI TAKAOKA With contributions by KIICHIRO OHYA.

ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 29A. Supplement A. by SHIGEYOSHI TAKAOKA With contributions by KIICHIRO OHYA. Report No. 29A ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE Supplement A by SHIGEYOSHI TAKAOKA With contributions by KIICHIRO OHYA March 1971 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO

More information

ACRYLICACID AND ACRYLIC ESTERS

ACRYLICACID AND ACRYLIC ESTERS Report No. 6A ACRYLICACID AND ACRYLIC ESTERS Supplement A by RICHARD G. DENNEY April 1967 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS

More information

AROMATIC AMINES PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 76Al Interim. by YEN-CHEN. July A private report by the MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

AROMATIC AMINES PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 76Al Interim. by YEN-CHEN. July A private report by the MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA Report No. 76Al Interim AROMATIC AMINES by YEN-CHEN YEN July 1975 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION........................

More information

XYLENES SEPARATION SUPPLEMENT

XYLENES SEPARATION SUPPLEMENT Report No. 25A XYLENES SEPARATION SUPPLEMENT A by HAROLD C. RIES July 1970 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS INTRODUCTION,..,....................

More information

OX0 ALCOHOLS PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 21. contributions by Shigeyoshi Takaoka. November A private report by the

OX0 ALCOHOLS PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 21. contributions by Shigeyoshi Takaoka. November A private report by the Report No. 21 OX0 ALCOHOLS by RICHARD G. DENNEY contributions by Shigeyoshi Takaoka November 1966 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM 7 Report No. 34 PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE by LLOYD M. ELKIN contributions by Kenneth E. Lunde March 1968 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS

More information

ISOMERIZATION OF PARAFFINS FOR GASOLINE

ISOMERIZATION OF PARAFFINS FOR GASOLINE Report No. 91 ISOMERIZATION OF PARAFFINS FOR GASOLINE by EARL D. OLIVER and RYOSUKE HASHIMOTO OCTOBER 1974 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

More information

Report No. 35 BUTADIENE. March A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I PARK, CALIFORNIA

Report No. 35 BUTADIENE. March A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I PARK, CALIFORNIA Report No. 35 BUTADIENE by GEORGE E. HADDELAND March 1968 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION.......................

More information

PROTEINS FROM HYDROCARBONS

PROTEINS FROM HYDROCARBONS Report No. 60 PROTEINS FROM HYDROCARBONS by WING SIEN FONG February 19 70 A private report by the - PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION...,...............

More information

DIOXIDE REMOVAL FROM STACK GASES

DIOXIDE REMOVAL FROM STACK GASES Report No. 63 SULFUR DIOXIDE REMOVAL FROM STACK GASES by EARL D. OLIVER July 1970 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION.......,.................

More information

LINEAR POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE

LINEAR POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE Report No. 19-A LINEAR POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE Supplement A by ROBERT Consultant L. MAGOVERN October 1969 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK,

More information

ACRYLONITRILE THERMOPLASTICS

ACRYLONITRILE THERMOPLASTICS Report No. 78 ACRYLONITRILE THERMOPLASTICS by ROBERT H. SCHWAAB August 1972 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION,........................

More information

TREATMENTOF PETROCHEMICAL WASTEWATERS

TREATMENTOF PETROCHEMICAL WASTEWATERS Report No. 80 TREATMENTOF PETROCHEMICAL WASTEWATERS by EARL D. OLIVER September 1972 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1

More information

ALIPHATIC SURFACTANTS

ALIPHATIC SURFACTANTS Report No. 59 ALIPHATIC SURFACTANTS by MIKIO KUMAGAI and SHIGEYOSHI TAKAOKA December 1969 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS

More information

POLYAMIDES OTHER THAN NYLONS 6 AND 66

POLYAMIDES OTHER THAN NYLONS 6 AND 66 Report No. 94 POLYAMIDES OTHER THAN NYLONS 6 AND 66 PART I by YEN-CHEN YEN November 1974 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS,

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 203 ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION AND AROMATIZATION (September 1992)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 203 ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION AND AROMATIZATION (September 1992) Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 203 ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION AND AROMATIZATION (September 1992) Propylene, isobutene, and BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) have traditionally been recovered

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 158 SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California 94025 OCTANE IMPROVERS FOR GASOLINE (November 1983) There la currently worldwide interest

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM SRI INTERNATIONAL Mod0 Park, California 94025 Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 1C ISOCYANATES/POLYISOCYANATES In this supplementary report, several processes for

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 29C SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California 94025 ETHYLENE PLANT CONVERSION (July 1985) This report deals with the technology and

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 21F NEW GENERATION OXO ALCOHOLS (October 2012)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 21F NEW GENERATION OXO ALCOHOLS (October 2012) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 21F NEW GENERATION OXO ALCOHOLS (October 2012) This report follows a series of Process Economics Program reports on the topic of oxo alcohols. The last report

More information

CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION SUMMARY 2-1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS 2-1 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 2-2

CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION SUMMARY 2-1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS 2-1 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 2-2 CONTENTS GLOSSARY xxiii 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 2 SUMMARY 2-1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS 2-1 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 2-2 3 INDUSTRY STATUS 3-1 TRENDS IN TRANSPORTATION FUEL DEMAND 3-3 TRENDS IN ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION 3-3

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 43D MEGA METHANOL PLANTS (December 2003)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 43D MEGA METHANOL PLANTS (December 2003) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 43D MEGA METHANOL PLANTS (December 2003) World scale, grass roots methanol plants currently have production capacities as high as 3,000 metric tons per day. A

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM Abstract SRI INTERNATIONAL Mado Park, California 94025 Process Economics Program Report No. 170 SWEETENERS (September 1984) Low calorie and nonnutritive sweeteners, once used

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 158A OCTANE IMPROVERS FOR GASOLINE (February 1992)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 158A OCTANE IMPROVERS FOR GASOLINE (February 1992) Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 158A OCTANE IMPROVERS FOR GASOLINE (February 1992) Lead phaseout in the United States has brought about a strong interest in oxygenated octane improvers for

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 251 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION (November 2004)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 251 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION (November 2004) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 251 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION (November 2004) Biodiesel is an ester of fatty acids produced from renewable resources such as virgin vegetable oil, animal fats and used

More information

Process Economics Program

Process Economics Program IHS Chemical Process Economics Program Report 291 Aromatics from Light Hydrocarbons By Syed Naqvi November 2014 ihs.com/chemical IHS Chemical agrees to assign professionally qualified personnel to the

More information

Process Economics Program

Process Economics Program IHS Chemical Process Economics Program Report 290 Bio-Butadiene By Dipti Dave and Susan Bell December 2014 ihs.com/chemical IHS Chemical agrees to assign professionally qualified personnel to the preparation

More information

IHS CHEMICAL Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization. Process Economics Program Report 297. Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization

IHS CHEMICAL Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization. Process Economics Program Report 297. Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization ` IHS CHEMICAL Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization Process Economics Program Report 297 September 2016 ihs.com PEP Report 297 Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization Girish Ballal Principal

More information

Process Economics Program

Process Economics Program IHS Chemical Process Economics Program Review 2013-10 Adipic Acid from Free Fatty Acids via Verdezyne Fermentation By Anthony Pavone IHS Chemical agrees to assign professionally qualified personnel to

More information

PEP Review HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE PRODUCTION BY MTBE CRACKING By Sumod Kalakkunnath (December 2012)

PEP Review HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE PRODUCTION BY MTBE CRACKING By Sumod Kalakkunnath (December 2012) PEP Review 2012-06 HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE PRODUCTION BY MTBE CRACKING By Sumod Kalakkunnath (December 2012) ABSTRACT This Review presents a technoeconomic evaluation of an isobutylene from methyl tertiary

More information

CONTROL VALVE BELLOWS SEALED

CONTROL VALVE BELLOWS SEALED APPLICATIONS & DESIGN FEATURES FIG. NO. 350EC9 /... APPROVAL No. 03/01 APPLICATIONS MODEL 350EC8/9 IS DESIGNED FOR FLOW CONTROL IN CRITICAL SERVICE APPLICATIONS INVOLVING LETHAL, TOXIC, CORROSIVE, INFLAMMABLE,

More information

Gaseous fuel, production of H 2. Diesel fuel, furnace fuel, cracking

Gaseous fuel, production of H 2. Diesel fuel, furnace fuel, cracking ALKANES Introduction Hydrocarbons, as the name implies are compounds whose molecules contain only carbon and hydrogen. They are extracted from petroleum, natural gas and coal. Straight chain alkanes take

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 195A ADVANCES IN FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING (November 2005)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 195A ADVANCES IN FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING (November 2005) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 195A ADVANCES IN FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING (November 2005) Recent emphasis in fluid catalytic cracking is on maximum light olefins production, gasoline sulfur reduction

More information

SEVERE SERVICE BELLOWS SEALED VALVES EURO CHLOR TYPE 350EC.4-5

SEVERE SERVICE BELLOWS SEALED VALVES EURO CHLOR TYPE 350EC.4-5 SEVERE SERVICE BELLOWS SEALED VALVES EURO CHLOR TYPE 350EC.4-5 PHÖNIX Armaturen-Werke Bregel GmbH P +49 (5693) 988-0 F +49 (5693) 988-140 info@phoenix-armaturen.de www.phoenix-armaturen.de BELLOWS SEALED

More information

Fischer-Tropsch Refining

Fischer-Tropsch Refining Fischer-Tropsch Refining by Arno de Klerk A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Philosophiae Doctor (Chemical Engineering) in the Department of Chemical Engineering

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 211A HYDROCRACKING FOR MIDDLE DISTILLATES (July 2003)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 211A HYDROCRACKING FOR MIDDLE DISTILLATES (July 2003) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 211A HYDROCRACKING FOR MIDDLE DISTILLATES (July 2003) Middle distillate is the collective petroleum distillation fractions boiling above naphtha (about 300 F,

More information

Edexcel GCSE Chemistry. Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science. Fuels. Notes.

Edexcel GCSE Chemistry. Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science. Fuels. Notes. Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science Fuels Notes 8.1 Recall that Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only 8.2 Describe crude oil as: A complex mixture of hydrocarbons

More information

PEP Review HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE FROM T-BUTANOL BY LYONDELLBASELL PROCESS By Sumod Kalakkunnath (February 2013)

PEP Review HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE FROM T-BUTANOL BY LYONDELLBASELL PROCESS By Sumod Kalakkunnath (February 2013) PEP Review 2013-06 HIGH-PURITY ISOBUTYLENE FROM T-BUTANOL BY LYONDELLBASELL PROCESS By Sumod Kalakkunnath (February 2013) ABSTRACT This Review presents a technoeconomic evaluation of an isobutylene from

More information

PEP Review ON-PURPOSE BUTADIENE PRODUCTION By Richard Nielsen with a Contribution by Russell Heinen (June 2011)

PEP Review ON-PURPOSE BUTADIENE PRODUCTION By Richard Nielsen with a Contribution by Russell Heinen (June 2011) PEP Review 2011-05 ON-PURPOSE BUTADIENE PRODUCTION By Richard Nielsen with a Contribution by Russell Heinen (June 2011) ABSTRACT 1,3-Butadiene is currently almost entirely produced as a by-product of ethylene

More information

Abstract PEP Review PROCESS ECONOMICS OF COAL-BASED OLEFINS PRODUCTION IN CHINA By R. J. Chang and Jamie Lacson (May 2012)

Abstract PEP Review PROCESS ECONOMICS OF COAL-BASED OLEFINS PRODUCTION IN CHINA By R. J. Chang and Jamie Lacson (May 2012) Abstract PEP Review 2012-04 PROCESS ECONOMICS OF COAL-BASED OLEFINS PRODUCTION IN CHINA By R. J. Chang and Jamie Lacson (May 2012) ABSTRACT China has started or planned several large commercial projects

More information

U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals Summary MQ325A(10)-05 Issued July 2011

U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals Summary MQ325A(10)-05 Issued July 2011 U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals - 2010 Summary MQ325A(10)-05 Issued July 2011 Address inquiries concerning these data to Primary Goods Industries Branch, U.S. Department

More information

3.2 The alkanes. Isomerism: Alkanes with 4 or more carbons show a type of structural isomerism called chain isomerism

3.2 The alkanes. Isomerism: Alkanes with 4 or more carbons show a type of structural isomerism called chain isomerism 3.2 The alkanes Prior knowledge: Types of formula general, empirical, molecular, structural, displayed and skeletal. Nomenclature Structural isomers chain and position isomers Free radicals Aliphatic Alkanes

More information

AlkyClean Solid Acid Alkylation

AlkyClean Solid Acid Alkylation Development of a Solid Acid Catalyst Alkylation Process AlkyClean Solid Acid Alkylation October 6, 2006-1 - AlkyClean solid acid alkylation Presentation Outline Introduction Process Development Demonstration

More information

IHS CHEMICAL PEP Report 29J. Steam Cracking of Crude Oil. Steam Cracking of Crude Oil. PEP Report 29J. Gajendra Khare Principal Analyst

IHS CHEMICAL PEP Report 29J. Steam Cracking of Crude Oil. Steam Cracking of Crude Oil. PEP Report 29J. Gajendra Khare Principal Analyst ` IHS CHEMICAL PEP Report 29J Steam Cracking of Crude Oil December 2015 ihs.com PEP Report 29J Steam Cracking of Crude Oil Gajendra Khare Principal Analyst Michael Arné Sr. Principal Analyst PEP Report

More information

Pollutant Industry Impact. Status. VOCat RCO catalysts. VOC, Wood products coatings. Reduces natural gas consumption 50% lower gas.

Pollutant Industry Impact. Status. VOCat RCO catalysts. VOC, Wood products coatings. Reduces natural gas consumption 50% lower gas. The Stationary Business of BASF Catalysts LLC is concerned with reducing greenhouse gas through either reducing energy consumption or destroying greenhouse gases after generation using proven catalyst

More information

CONTROL VALVES EURO CHLOR

CONTROL VALVES EURO CHLOR CONTROL VALVES EURO CHLOR PHÖNIX Armaturen-Werke Bregel GmbH P +49 (5693) 988-0 F +49 (5693) 988-140 info@phoenix-armaturen.de www.phoenix-armaturen.de APPLICATIONS & DESIGN FEATURES FIG. NO. 350EC8-9

More information

PEP Review CONTINUOUS SAP PRODUCTION VIA DOUBLE KNEADER REACTOR By Anthony Pavone (November 2011)

PEP Review CONTINUOUS SAP PRODUCTION VIA DOUBLE KNEADER REACTOR By Anthony Pavone (November 2011) PEP Review 2011-12 CONTINUOUS SAP PRODUCTION VIA DOUBLE KNEADER REACTOR By Anthony Pavone (November 2011) ABSTRACT Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is a partially neutralized homo-polymer of glacial acrylic

More information

Appendix A.1 Calculations of Engine Exhaust Gas Composition...9

Appendix A.1 Calculations of Engine Exhaust Gas Composition...9 Foreword...xi Acknowledgments...xiii Introduction... xv Chapter 1 Engine Emissions...1 1.1 Characteristics of Engine Exhaust Gas...1 1.1.1 Major Components of Engine Exhaust Gas...1 1.1.2 Units Used for

More information

High Temperature Thermoplastic Nylons 01/02S3

High Temperature Thermoplastic Nylons 01/02S3 High Temperature Thermoplastic Nylons 01/02S3 May 2002 Nexant, Inc./Chem Systems 44 South Broadway White Plains, New York 10601-4425 Telephone (914) 609-0300 Facsimile (914) 609-0399 www.chemsystems.com

More information

Specifications for Refrigerants

Specifications for Refrigerants AHRI Standard 700 with Addendum 1 2016 Standard for Specifications for Refrigerants WITH ADDENDUM 1, SPECIFICATIONS FOR REFRIGERANTS September 2016 Addendum 1 (dated September 2016) of AHRI Standard 700-2016,

More information

Fig:1.1[15] Fig.1.2 Distribution of world energy resources. (From World Energy Outlook 2005, International Energy Agency.)[16,17]

Fig:1.1[15] Fig.1.2 Distribution of world energy resources. (From World Energy Outlook 2005, International Energy Agency.)[16,17] Introduction :Composition of petroleum,laboratory tests,refinery feedstocks and products Fig:1.1[15] Fig.1.2 Distribution of world energy resources. (From World Energy Outlook 2005, International Energy

More information

U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals Summary MQ325A(09)-05 Issued July 2010

U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals Summary MQ325A(09)-05 Issued July 2010 U. S. Census Bureau Production and Stocks of Inorganic Chemicals - 2009 Summary MQ325A(09)-05 Issued July 2010 Address inquiries concerning these data to Primary Goods Industries Branch, U.S. Department

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California Abstract 94025 Process Economics Program Report No. t75a BLENDS CONTAINING POLYOLEFINS (June 1990) This report expands the scope of PEP

More information

Annex to the Accreditation Certificate D-PL according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005

Annex to the Accreditation Certificate D-PL according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH Annex to the Accreditation Certificate D-PL-11035-01-00 according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Period of validity: 13.02.2018 to 12.02.2023 Holder of certificate: DMT

More information

A NEXT GENERATION LANDFILL AND BIOGAS LUBRICANT FOR TODAY S DEMANDING HIGH BMEP ENGINES. John Palazzotto Chevron Oronite Company, LLC

A NEXT GENERATION LANDFILL AND BIOGAS LUBRICANT FOR TODAY S DEMANDING HIGH BMEP ENGINES. John Palazzotto Chevron Oronite Company, LLC A NEXT GENERATION LANDFILL AND BIOGAS LUBRICANT FOR TODAY S DEMANDING HIGH BMEP ENGINES John Palazzotto Chevron Oronite Company, LLC Landfill Gas Basics LFG is Dynamic! n Methane as GHG is over 20 X more

More information

IHS CHEMICAL High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes. Process Economics Program Report 195B. High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes

IHS CHEMICAL High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes. Process Economics Program Report 195B. High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes ` IHS CHEMICAL High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes Process Economics Program Report 195B November 2016 ihs.com PEP Report 195B High Olefins Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes Mike Kelly Sr.

More information

CM 4310, Green Engineering Fall 07 Homework #2 Mon. 03 Dec., ' Atom and Mass Efficiencies Problem 1 of Chapter 7, page 198.

CM 4310, Green Engineering Fall 07 Homework #2 Mon. 03 Dec., ' Atom and Mass Efficiencies Problem 1 of Chapter 7, page 198. CM 4310, Green Engineering Fall 07 Homework #2 Mon. 03 Dec., '07 1. Atom and Mass Efficiencies Problem 1 of Chapter 7, page 198. 2. Criteria Pollutant Emissions from an Industrial Boiler (Chapter 8) Calculate

More information

1-3 Alkanes structures and Properties :

1-3 Alkanes structures and Properties : 1-3 Alkanes structures and Properties : The simplest family of organic molecules is the (Alkanes). Alkanes are relatively unreactive and not often involved in chemical reactions, but they nevertheless

More information

Dimethyl Ether (DME) Technology and Markets

Dimethyl Ether (DME) Technology and Markets Dimethyl Ether (DME) Technology and Markets New DME Applications (e.g., Fuel), Process Technology & Production Cost Comparisons - One Step (Haldor Topsoe, JFE, Kogas), Methanol Dehydration Two Step & Liquid

More information

PRICE LIST 2017/2018

PRICE LIST 2017/2018 PRECISION PETROLEUM LABS, INC. 5915 STAR LANE HOUSTON, TX 77057 PRICE LIST 2017/2018 PH: 713-680-9425 Fax: 713-680-9564* WEBSITE: PRECISIONLABS.ORG FUEL TESTING Acidity as Acetic Acid D-1613 $65.00 Alcohol

More information

Current as of June 23, 2014

Current as of June 23, 2014 SUMMARY OF EPA REGION 6 GENERAL DUTY CAFOS 1 10/1/2009 Flint Hills Resources Nueces Bay Corrosion inhibitor Bulk tank overflowed during refilling and resulted in release, fire, and one injury Deficiencies

More information

Attachment C: Benefit-Cost Analysis Spreadsheet

Attachment C: Benefit-Cost Analysis Spreadsheet Attachment C: Benefit-Cost Analysis Spreadsheet TIGER VII Application Collier Blvd. Corridor Improvements June 5 th, 2015 Collier Blvd BCA Summary The Collier Boulevard Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) has

More information

Ammonium Nitrates. Table of Contents

Ammonium Nitrates. Table of Contents Ammonium Nitrates Table of Contents A Report by Nexant Process Evaluation/Research Planning (PERP) Program PERP Report 2013S6 Published December 2013 Section 1 Executive Summary... 1 1.1 PRODUCTION PROCESS

More information

PEP Review METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER PRODUCTION FROM STEAM CRACKER C 4 STREAM By Syed N. Naqvi (December 2012)

PEP Review METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER PRODUCTION FROM STEAM CRACKER C 4 STREAM By Syed N. Naqvi (December 2012) PEP Review 2012-07 METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER PRODUCTION FROM STEAM CRACKER C 4 STREAM By Syed N. Naqvi (December 2012) ABSTRACT This Review presents a technoeconomic evaluation of a methyl tertiary butyl

More information

Chapter 2. Alkanes. Table of Contents

Chapter 2. Alkanes. Table of Contents hapter 2 Table of ontents Introduction 1. Alkanes 2. Alkyl Groups 3. Nomenclature of Alkanes 4. Isomerism in Alkanes 5. Physical Properties of Alkanes 6. hemical Properties of Alkanes 7. Preparation of

More information

Thermodynamic Properties of

Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont Opteon yf REFRIGERANT Technical Information Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont Opteon yf SI Units Physical Properties Refrigerant Classification Molecular Weight HFO 114.04 g/mol Boiling Point at

More information

Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB)

Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) PERP/PERP ABSTRACTS 2009 Report Abstract Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production Costs & Technology for UOP DETAL and HF (Pacol, Define, PEP, Alkylation), EniChem/SASOL Monochloroparaffins LAB processes;

More information

RULE 903 MERCURY Adopted (Amended ) INDEX

RULE 903 MERCURY Adopted (Amended ) INDEX RULE 903 MERCURY Adopted 6-2-75 (Amended 12-6-78) INDEX 100 GENERAL 101 PURPOSE 200 DEFINITIONS 201 CELL ROOM 202 CONDENSER STACK GASES 203 DENUDER 204 END BOX 205 END BOX VENTILATION SYSTEM 206 HYDROGEN

More information

Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont ISCEON MO99

Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont ISCEON MO99 DuPont ISCEON REFRIGERANTS Technical Information Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont ISCEON MO99 SI Units Thermodynamic Properties of DuPont ISCEON MO99 SI Units Physical Properties Refrigerant Classification

More information

Chapter 2 Outline: Alkanes

Chapter 2 Outline: Alkanes Chapter 2 Outline: Alkanes 1. Structure of Alkanes & Cycloalkanes 2. Nomenclature overview 3. Newman Projections - Conformations of Alkanes in 3-D space 4. Chair Conformations - Conformations of Cycloalkanes

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 246 NEAR ZERO SULFUR DIESEL FUEL (November 2002)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 246 NEAR ZERO SULFUR DIESEL FUEL (November 2002) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 246 NEAR ZERO SULFUR DIESEL FUEL (November 2002) Desulfurization of diesel fuel is growing worldwide into a process critical to petroleum refinery profitability.

More information

Coking and Thermal Process, Delayed Coking

Coking and Thermal Process, Delayed Coking Coking and Thermal Process, Delayed Coking Fig:4.1 Simplified Refinery Flow Diagram [1,2] Treatment processes : To prepare hydrocarbon streams for additional processing and to prepare finished products.

More information

Ethylene Oxide and Derivatives

Ethylene Oxide and Derivatives Ethylene Oxide and Derivatives Table of Contents A Report by NexantThinking Process Evaluation/Research Planning (PERP) Program PERP Report 2014-1 Published December 2014 Section Page 1 Executive Summary...

More information

Course: Chemical Technology (Organic) Lecture 7 Alkylation, Isomerisation And Polymerisation

Course: Chemical Technology (Organic) Lecture 7 Alkylation, Isomerisation And Polymerisation Course: Chemical Technology (Organic) Module VI Lecture 7 Alkylation, Isomerisation And Polymerisation LECTURE 7 ALKYLATION, ISOMERISATION AND POLYMERISATION ALKYLATION Alkylation process commercialized

More information

Temperature Dependence of Density & Viscosity 2. Molecular Weights 13. Pour Points 15. Volatilities 17. Heat of Combustion 19.

Temperature Dependence of Density & Viscosity 2. Molecular Weights 13. Pour Points 15. Volatilities 17. Heat of Combustion 19. CERECLOR TM PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DATA The information contained within has been derived from various sources, which are detailed where practicable. The data is derived from grades produced at Baleycourt,

More information

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California

PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM SRI INTERNATIONAL Menlo Park, California Abstract Process Economics Program Report No. 169 REFINERY/CHEMICALS INTERFACE (January 1985) Demand for most major refinery products

More information

Integrating Biofuels into the Energy Industry

Integrating Biofuels into the Energy Industry Integrating Biofuels into the Energy Industry California Biomass Collaborative 4 th Annual Forum Rick Zalesky Vice President, Biofuels and Hydrogen Business March 27, 2007 Global Energy Perspectives Grow

More information

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 222 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY OUTLOOK (July 1999)

Abstract Process Economics Program Report 222 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY OUTLOOK (July 1999) Abstract Process Economics Program Report 222 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY OUTLOOK (July 1999) Global energy demand is rising, with fossil fuels oil, natural gas, and coal continuing to provide more than 90% of

More information

Emission controls for NOx compliance Challenges & Applications. Greener Shipping Summit November 2017

Emission controls for NOx compliance Challenges & Applications. Greener Shipping Summit November 2017 Emission controls for NOx compliance Challenges & Applications Presentation @ Greener Shipping Summit November 2017 Dr. John Emmanuel Kokarakis Bureau Veritas 2 High pressure SCR (NH 2 ) 2 CO NO x N 2

More information

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 74.9 C

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 74.9 C Opteon XP44 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP44 (R-452A) SI Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 103.5 g/mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere -47.0 C Critical Temperature 74.9 C Critical

More information

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 81.5 C

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 81.5 C Opteon XP40 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP40 (R-449A) SI Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 87.2 g/mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere -46.0 C Critical Temperature 81.5 C Critical

More information

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 96.5 C

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere C Critical Temperature 96.5 C Opteon XP10 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP10 (R-513A) SI Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 108.4 g/mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere -29.2 C Critical Temperature 96.5 C Critical

More information

Results Certified by Core Labs for Conoco Canada Ltd. Executive summary. Introduction

Results Certified by Core Labs for Conoco Canada Ltd. Executive summary. Introduction THE REPORT BELOW WAS GENERATED WITH FEEDSTOCK AND PRODUCT SAMPLES TAKEN BY CONOCO CANADA LTD, WHO USED CORE LABORATORIES, ONE OF THE LARGEST SERVICE PROVIDERS OF CORE AND FLUID ANALYSIS IN THE PETROLEUM

More information

Desulphurizing Marine Fuel/HFO Utilizing IUT Technology. November 19, 2017 International Ultrasonic Technologies Inc.

Desulphurizing Marine Fuel/HFO Utilizing IUT Technology. November 19, 2017 International Ultrasonic Technologies Inc. Desulphurizing Marine Fuel/HFO Utilizing IUT Technology November 19, 2017 International Ultrasonic Technologies Inc. Executive Summary IUT owns Eight (8) U.S. patents related to the use of ultrasonic wave

More information

Exelus. ExSact A Step-Out iso-paraffin Alkylation Technology. By Mitrajit Mukherjee & Sankaran Sundaresan, Exelus Inc. Part 1. Catalyst Development

Exelus. ExSact A Step-Out iso-paraffin Alkylation Technology. By Mitrajit Mukherjee & Sankaran Sundaresan, Exelus Inc. Part 1. Catalyst Development ExSact A Step-Out iso-paraffin Alkylation Technology By Mitrajit Mukherjee & Sankaran Sundaresan, Inc. Part 1. Catalyst Development Introduction Steep reductions in sulfur levels allowed in gasoline and

More information

Organic Chemistry, 5th ed. Marc Loudon. Chapter 2 Alkanes. Eric J. Kantorows ki California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA

Organic Chemistry, 5th ed. Marc Loudon. Chapter 2 Alkanes. Eric J. Kantorows ki California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA Organic Chemistry, 5th ed. Marc Loudon Chapter 2 Alkanes Eric J. Kantorows ki California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA Chapter 2 Overview 2.1 Hydrocarbons 2.2 Unbranched Alkanes 2.3

More information

Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP40 (R-449A) Engineering (I/P) Units. Boiling Point at One Atmosphere F Critical Temperature 178.

Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP40 (R-449A) Engineering (I/P) Units. Boiling Point at One Atmosphere F Critical Temperature 178. Opteon XP40 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP40 (R-449A) Engineering (I/P) Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 87.2 lb/lb-mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere -50.8 F Critical Temperature

More information

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere F Critical Temperature F

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere F Critical Temperature F Opteon XP44 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP44 (R-452A) Engineering (I/P) Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 103.5 lb/lb-mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere -52.7 F Critical Temperature

More information

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere 29.1 C Critical Temperature C. Critical Density kg/m 3

Boiling Point at One Atmosphere 29.1 C Critical Temperature C. Critical Density kg/m 3 Opteon XP30 Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties of Opteon XP30 (R-514A) SI Units Physical Properties Molecular Weight 139.6 lb/lb-mole Boiling Point at One Atmosphere 29.1 C Critical erature 178.1 C Critical

More information

Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Fuels

Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Fuels Participant Guide Module 3 Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Fuels Module Objective Upon the completion of this module, participants should be able to describe the chemical

More information

PRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry)

PRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry) PRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry) 1. (a) Name the process used to separate petroleum into fractions....... Give the molecular

More information

Evaluation of phase separator number in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit

Evaluation of phase separator number in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Evaluation of phase separator number in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit To cite this article: A D Jayanti and A Indarto 2016 IOP

More information

Learning Guide for Chapter 4 - Alkanes

Learning Guide for Chapter 4 - Alkanes Learning Guide for Chapter 4 - Alkanes I. Introduction to Alkanes - p 1 II. Physical Properties, sources, uses and spectroscopy of alkanes - p 3 III. Reactions of alkanes - p 5 IV. Nomenclature of alkanes

More information

Process Economics Program

Process Economics Program IHS Chemical Process Economics Program Report 247C Land-Based Small-Scale GTL By Ron Smith December 2014 ihs.com/chemical IHS Chemical agrees to assign professionally qualified personnel to the preparation

More information

Polyethylene Terephthalate

Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Table of Contents A Report by Nexant s CHEMSYSTEMS Process Evaluation/Research Planning (PERP) Program PERP 2012-6 Published April 2013 Section Page 1 Executive Summary...

More information

Issue One. Chemical Compatibility Guide

Issue One. Chemical Compatibility Guide Issue One Chemical Compatibility Guide Chemical Compatibility Guide Fluolion 200, 700, 800, 900 modified PTFE sheet gasket materials The following information is issued as a guide only. All media are taken

More information

The Stability of Sulfur Compounds, Low Molecular Weight Gases, and VOCs in Four Air Sample Bag Materials

The Stability of Sulfur Compounds, Low Molecular Weight Gases, and VOCs in Four Air Sample Bag Materials The Stability of Sulfur s, Low Molecular Weight Gases, and VOCs in Four Air Sample Bag Materials Linda Coyne Cindy Kuhlman Nicole Zovack SKC Inc. Eighty Four, PA 15330 25 January 2011 Publication 1805

More information

Experimental Investigations on a Four Stoke Diesel Engine Operated by Jatropha Bio Diesel and its Blends with Diesel

Experimental Investigations on a Four Stoke Diesel Engine Operated by Jatropha Bio Diesel and its Blends with Diesel International Journal of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Volume 1, Number 1 (2015), pp. 25-31 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Experimental Investigations on a

More information

Backup Power. Renewable Resources. Fleet Fueling. Industrial Applications Community Fueling. Personal Energy Station

Backup Power. Renewable Resources. Fleet Fueling. Industrial Applications Community Fueling. Personal Energy Station Backup Power Renewable Resources Fleet Fueling Industrial Applications Community Fueling Personal Energy Station Stuart Energy, 2002 1 H2 Integration into Retail Stations Works! FCEV safety is affected

More information

PEP Review ACETIC ACID, UPDATE OF THE CELANESE AO PLUS PROCESS By P D Pavlechko, PhD (February 2013)

PEP Review ACETIC ACID, UPDATE OF THE CELANESE AO PLUS PROCESS By P D Pavlechko, PhD (February 2013) PEP Review 2013-01 ACETIC ACID, UPDATE OF THE CELANESE AO PLUS PROCESS By P D Pavlechko, PhD (February 2013) ABSTRACT Acetic acid production shifted toward methanol carbonylation with the advent of Monsanto

More information