Real time measurements of ash particle emissions. David Kittelson, David Gladis, and Winthrop Watts
|
|
- Wendy Norton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Real time measurements of ash particle emissions David Kittelson, David Gladis, and Winthrop Watts
2 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
3 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
4 Why do we care about ash emissions? Degradation of exhaust aftertreatment systems Deposition in Diesel particulate filters (DPF) Plugging exhaust catalysts Health concerns with metallic nanoparticles Diesel or SI Mainly a concern for engines without exhaust filters Relationship with lube oil consumption Ash distribution in exhaust filter channels (Helbel and Bhargava, 2007) Accumulation of poorly crystalline Mn 3 O 4 on the face of a TWC (Hayhurst, et al., 2006)
5 Particle formation history 2 s in the life of an engine exhaust aerosol Particles formed by Diesel combustion carry a strong bipolar charge Carbon formation/oxidation t = 2 ms, p = 150 atm., T = 2500 K Formation There is potential to form solid nanoparticles here if the ratio of ash to carbon is high. Ash Condensation t = 10 ms, p = 20 atm., T = 1500 K Increasing Time This is where most of the volatile nanoparticles emitted by engines usually form. Exit Tailpipe t = 0.5 s, p = 1 atm., T = 600 K Sulfate/SOF Nucleation and Growth t = 0.6 s, p = 1 atm., D = 10, T = 330 K Atmospheric Aging Exposure Fresh Aerosol over Roadway Inhalation/Aging t = 2 s, p = 1 atm., D = 1000 T = 300 K Kittelson, D. B., W. F. Watts, and J. P. Johnson On-road and Laboratory Evaluation of Combustion Aerosols Part 1: Summary of Diesel Engine Results, Journal of Aerosol Science 37,
6 Predicted equilibrium distribution of calcium compounds in diesel engine exhaust 1.5E-07 Mole Fraction 1.0E E-08 CaOH Ca(OH)2 CaO(cr) CaSO4(II) 0.0E Temperature (C) Assumptions: 50 ppm sulfur fuel, equivalence ratio 0.5, lubrication oil containing 5000 ppm Ca, oil consumption 0.1% of fuel consumption.
7 Ash particles typically decorate the surface of soot particles but may also nucleate independently metallic ash semi volatile droplets Without Exhaust Aftertreatment
8 Engine out, light-load, low soot conditions: Most of the number emissions are solid with Dp < 23 nm 6.0E+07 Carbonaceous soot Mode 1 solid 5.0E+07 Mode 2 solid dn/dlogd p (part/cm 3 ) 4.0E E E+07 CPC cutoff Ash Mode 5 solid 1.0E E D p (nm) Cummins 2004 ISM engine, BP 50 fuel, AVL modes
9 Lube oil consumption leads to ash emissions Sources: mostly lube oil additives, engine wear, fuel additives Principle ash constituents: Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, P, S Leaky valve Modified from Hill et al., (1991) Crank case ventilation and EGR Piston ring blow-by
10 Objectives To develop and validate a real-time method to measure engine ash emissions Testing the sensitivity of measurement method to specific metallic lube oil constituents To validate the method for steady-state and transient Diesel engine emission application
11 High temperature oxidation method (HTOM) overview Oxidize soot and HC PM within high temperature tube furnace Cooled particles measured using real/near-real time particle instruments Diesel exhaust or other metallic ash containing aerosol Stable metal oxides and other refractory metal compounds are formed or survive high temperature tube furnace
12 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF
13 Lube spray apparatus Supply Air Vent Activated Carbon 2-Stage Ejector Dilution Manifold Vent Atomizer Ash Sample Point* Catalytic Stripper Tube Oven Total Sample Point* Sample flow controlled by SMPS SMPS sample flow, 1 lpm *Sample Location Manually Switched
14 Engine exhaust apparatus CAI Analyzer Raw NO Horiba NO Analyzer Dilute NO SMPS Engine Exhaust Supply Air Vent Ejector pump diluter with critical orifice Tube Oven (1 LPM) Oven Temperature Logger SMPS Other Thermocouple instruments, Wires EAD, EEPS
15 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
16 Lube oil spray calibration experiments Investigate high temperature stability of likely ash constituents Atomize specially formulated lubricating oils with different additive packages Measure particle size distribution upstream and downstream of the furnace Determine penetration vs. temperature Compare with expected solid ash fraction
17 Specially blended lubricants provided by Castrol Base stock Metal mass fractions in ppm 104A 101A 100A 103A 102A B <5 <5 <5 285 <5 Ca <2 < < Mg <2 <2 8 ~500 <2 P <10 13 S Zn < <5 <5 <5
18 1.E+06 Upstream and downstream volume weighted particle size distributions dv/dlogdp [um 3 /cm 3 ] 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E-02 1.E-03 1.E-04 Atomized Lube Oil 100A - Ca,P,S 101A - Zn,P,S 102A - Ca,S 103A - B,Mg Ca,P,S - 100A 2.6E2 µm 3 /cm 3 Typical Atomized Lube Oil 3.6E4 µm 3 /cm 3 Ca,S - 102A B,Mg - 103A 2.3E2 µm 3 /cm 3 Zn,P,S - 101A 2.7E1 µm 3 /cm 3 3.7E-1 µm 3 /cm Dp [nm]
19 Particle volume fraction penetrating 1.E+00 the tube oven 100A - Ca,P,S 101A - Zn,P Particle Volume Fraction Remaining - 1.E-01 1.E-02 1.E-03 1.E-04 1.E A - Ca,S 102A - Ca,S 100A - Ca,P,S 103A - B,Mg,S 101A - Zn,P,S 103A - B,Mg,S 1.E Maximum Oven Temperature [ C]
20 Expected metallic mass compared to measured Metallic Volume Fraction Blend # Element Compound Concentration [ppm] Expected Measured Measured/Expected 100A Ca CaCO E E A Zn ZnSO E E A Ca CaSO E E A Mg MgCO E E Note: Expected concentrations are based on the assumption of spherical particles of the compounds listed
21 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
22 Volume weighted particle size distributions from VW TDI engine dv/dlogdp [µm 3 /cm 3 ] 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E /11/02 - Total Exhaust 2009/11/10 - Total Exhaust 2009/11/12 - Total Exhaust 2009/11/02 - Ash 2009/11/10 - Ash 2009/11/12 - Ash 2009/11/10 - Ash 1.3 µm3/cm3 2009/11/02 - Ash 0.5 µm3/cm3 Ambient 2009/11/12 - Ash 1.2 µm3/cm C 1.E Dp [nm]
23 Ash volume fraction of exhaust particles for different engine conditions Ash Particle Volume Fraction 1.E-02 1.E-03 1.E /11/12 - VW 1400RPM - Volume 2009/11/12 - VW 1700RPM - Volume 2009/12/07 - GenSet 3600RPM - Volume 1.E Engine Load [%]
24 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
25 Transient engine ash emissions 0.25 Length Concentration [mm/cm 3 ] PM Length Concentration Load Load [N-m] :40 15:33 18:25 21:18 24:11 27:04 29:57 32:49 35:42 38:35 Time [mm:ss] 0
26 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
27 Soot and ash particle volume concentration downstream DPF 1.E+04 SMPS - DPF Out Exhaust (Test 1) SMPS - DPF Out Ash (Test 1) EEPS - DPF Out Exhaust (Test 2) SMPS - DPF Out Ash (Test 2) Volume Concenration [µm 3 /cm 3 ] 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E-02 1.E-03 Total Particulate SMPS Test 1 Metallic Ash Test 1 Metallic Ash Test 2 Total Particulate EEPS Test 2 00:00 07:12 14:24 21:36 28:48 36:00 Time Normalized to Start of DPF Loading [min:sec]
28 Soot surface area and ash volume concentrations downstream DPF SMPS - DPF Out Ash (Test 1) Volume SMPS - DPF Out Exhaust (Test 1) Surface Area 1.E+01 SMPS - DPF Out Ash (Test 2) Volume EEPS - DPF Out Exhaust (Test 2) Surface Area Volume Concenration [µm 3 /cm 3 ] 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E-02 1.E Surface Area Concentration - [µm 2 /cm 3 ] 1.E :00 07:12 14:24 21:36 28:48 36:00 Time Normalized to Start of DPF Loading [hh:mm]
29 Outline Introduction and background Results Tests performed Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Apparatus and procedure Lube oil spray calibration experiments Steady state engine exhaust ash measurements Transient ash measurements Ash measurements downstream of DPF Conclusions
30 Conclusions HTOM calibration experiments lube oil sprays showed that Ash constituents of Ca and Mg additives were conserved Expected Zn compounds were not found apparently due to formation of volatile materials lost to the walls This suggests possible different deposition mechanisms within a DPF Steady-state ash measurements showed a slight increase of ash fraction of exhaust particles with load Ash emissions under changing engine conditions were highly transient and history dependent Ash volume concentrations were successfully measured downstream a loading DPF and were shown to track better with soot surface area than volume concentration Ongoing work includes TEM analysis and ATOFMS analysis of particles treated by HTOM
31 Acknowledgements We wish to acknowledge the generous support of this work by contributions from BP-Castrol and Corning Thank you for your attention
32
33 References Kittelson, D. B. (1998). Engines and Nanoparticles: A Review. Journal Aerosol Science, 29(5/6), Kittelson, D.B., W.F Watts, J.P. Johnson, (2006) On-road and laboratory evaluation of combustion aerosols-part1: Summary of diesel engine results, 37(8), Hill, S. H., S. J. Sytsma (1991). A Systems Approach to Oil Consumption. SAE Technical Paper Series, , Warrendale, PA. Heilbel, H., R. Bhargava (2007). Advanced Diesel Particulate Filter Design for Lifetime Pressure Drop Solution in Light Duty Applications, SAE Technical Paper Series, , Warrendale, PA.
34 1.E+05 Volume weighted particle size distributions from Cummins APU 0.0% - Total Exhaust 1.E % - Total Exhaust dv/dlogdp [µm 3 /cm 3 ] 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E % - Total Exhaust 0.0% - Ash 37.5% - Ash 75.0% - Ash Ash % 3.4E0 µm3/cm3 Ash % 1.7E0 µm3/cm3 1.E-01 Ash - 0.0% 6.3E-1 µm3/cm3 1.E E E E E+03 Dp [nm]
A New Catalytic Stripper for Removal of Volatile Particles
A New Catalytic Stripper for Removal of Volatile Particles David Kittelson University of Minnesota Martin Stenitzer Technische Universität, Wien 7th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Particles Zurich,
More informationNew Catalytic Stripper System for the Measurement of Solid Particle Mass, Number, and Size Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines
New Catalytic Stripper System for the Measurement of Solid Particle Mass, Number, and Size Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines Imad A. Khalek, Ph.D. Southwest Research Institute Department of Emissions
More informationProspects of meeting EU number emission standards with a diesel engine without a DPF
Prospects of meeting EU number emission standards with a diesel engine without a DPF David Kittelson, Will Northrop, Aaron Avenido, Winthrop Watts, and Glenn Lucachick University of Minnesota Cambridge
More informationOn-Road Measurements of Spark Ignition Nanoparticle Emissions
On-Road Measurements of Spark Ignition Nanoparticle Emissions D. B. Kittelson University of Minnesota Department of Mechanical Engineering Minneapolis, MN 5 th ETH Conference on Nanoparticle Measurement
More informationTechnology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA Minneapolis, MN 55455
Laboratory and chassis dynamometer evaluation of an European PMP compliant particle number measurement system and catalytic stripper for measuring diesel solid nanoparticles Zhongqing Zheng 1, Kent C.
More informationThe Impact of Oil Consumption Mechanisms on Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distributions and Detailed Exhaust Chemical Composition
The Impact of Oil Consumption Mechanisms on Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distributions and Detailed Exhaust Chemical Composition John Stetter, Nate Forster Jaal Ghandhi, David Foster University of Wisconsin-Madison
More informationNew TSI Instrumentnanoparticle emissions tester is a tool for measuring the total solid number concentration of particulate matter from combustion
New TSI Instrumentnanoparticle emissions tester is a tool for measuring the total solid number concentration of particulate matter from combustion sources, like the exhaust from a diesel engine. 1 Exhaust
More informationIntroduction to Particulate Emissions 1. Gasoline Engine Particulate Emissions Introduction 3. References 7 About the Authors 8
contents SECTION 1 Introduction to Particulate Emissions 1 CHAPTER 1 Gasoline Engine Particulate Emissions Introduction 3 References 7 About the Authors 8 CHAPTER 2 Health Impact of Particulates from Gasoline
More informationSousuke Sasaki, Yoshio Tonegawa Japan Automobile Research Institute. 17th August th International ETH-Conference on JARI
Development of the partial flow diluter for the measurement of particle size distribution and the investigation of nuclei mode particle during the transient cycles Sousuke Sasaki, Yoshio Tonegawa Japan
More informationNanoparticle Emissions from a Second Generation Biofuel: DME
Nanoparticle Emissions from a Second Generation Biofuel: DME David Kittelson, Will Northrop, Win Watts, David Bennett, and Kathleen Vignali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota
More informationDiesel exhaust nanoparticle volatility studies by a new thermodenuder with low solid nanoparticle losses
Diesel exhaust nanoparticle volatility studies by a new thermodenuder with low solid nanoparticle losses T. Rönkkö 1, A. Arffman 1, P. Karjalainen 1, T. Lähde 1,2, J. Heikkilä 1, L. Pirjola 2, D. Rothe
More informationI. Ježek et al. Correspondence to: I. Ježek and G. Močnik
Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 1, 1 1, 01 http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/1/1/01/ doi:.1/acpd-1-1-01-supplement Author(s) 01. CC Attribution.0 License. Supplement of Black carbon, particle
More informationEmissions Characterization of Three High Efficiency Wood Boilers
Emissions Characterization of Three High Efficiency Wood Boilers James Laing, Sriraam Ramanathan Chandrasekaran, Suresh Raja, Thomas Holsen, Philip K. Hopke Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science,
More informationL. Rubino 51 Imperial College London United Kingdom. Nanoparticle emissions from gasoline engine exhausts
L. Rubino 51 Imperial College London United Kingdom Nanoparticle emissions from gasoline engine exhausts 5 th ETH Conference on NanoParticle Measurement, Zürich, August 6 th 8 th 2001 Introduction After-treatment
More informationTSI PTI-Prototype for PN- Periodic Technical Inspection
TSI PTI-Prototype for PN- Periodic Technical Inspection Jürgen Spielvogel Senior Global Product Manager Particle Instruments 22 nd ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles 18 21 June 2018 PN
More informationEffect of Biodiesel on PM Emission Characteristics of Modern Diesel Engine
10 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles at ETH Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland August 21-23, 2006 Effect of Biodiesel on PM Emission Characteristics of Modern Diesel Engine Daisuke Kawano
More informationParticle Size Distribution Measurements from Early to Late Injection Timing Low Temperature Combustion
Particle Size Distribution Measurements from Early to Late Injection Timing Low Temperature Combustion Christopher Kolodziej, Jesús Benajes, Ricardo Novella, Simon Arthozoul CMT Motores Térmicos Universidad
More informationTransient Measurement of Diesel Nano-Particles by a Newly Developed DDMA
Transient Measurement of Diesel Nano-Particles by a Newly Developed DDMA Terunao KAWAI Rahman M. Montajir*, Yuichi GOTO, Matsuo Odaka N T S E L National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory JAPAN
More informationPaper-Abstract Form. Title: Reduction of exhaust nanoparticles by retrofitted after-treatment systems in diesel passenger cars
12 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles June 23 rd 25 th 2008 Paper-Abstract Form Name of Author: Liisa Pirjola 1,2 Co-Authors: Topi Rönkkö 3, Heikki Parviainen 1, Annele Virtanen 3,
More informationCHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSING EXHAUST PLUME DURING ON- ROAD OPERATION OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS
CHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSING EXHAUST PLUME DURING ON- ROAD OPERATION OF LATEST TECHNOLOGY HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS Marc C. Besch, Arvind Thiruvengadam, Dan K. Carder, Pragalath Thiruvengadam, Saroj
More informationAn Analysis of DISI Particle Morphology
An Analysis of DISI Particle Morphology Teresa Barone, John Storey, Jim Szybist, Adam Youngquist Fuels, Engines, and Emissions Research Center Acknowledgement Dr. James Eberhardt, U.S. DOE, VT May 1, 2012
More informationProduct Portfolio Nanoparticle. (Stand: April 2016)
Product Portfolio Nanoparticle (Stand: April 2016) testo DiSCmini Diffusion Size Classifier miniature Description: handheld, battery-powered instrument for the measurement of testo DiSCmini Order. No.
More informationInfluence of fuel properties and aftertreatment techn. on particles in tailpipe and ambient air
M. Gruber 43 TU Wien Austria Influence of fuel properties and aftertreatment techn. on particles in tailpipe and ambient air - 1-4. ETH Conference on Nanoparticle Measurement, Zurich, 2000-08-08 Comparative
More informationAECC Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) Test Programme: Particle Measurement and Characterisation
AECC Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) Test Programme: Particle Measurement and Characterisation John May, Cécile Favre, Dirk Bosteels; AECC Jon Andersson, Chris Such, Simon Fagg; Ricardo 14 th ETH Conference
More informationParticle Sensor Performance & Durability for OBD Applications & Beyond
Particle Sensor Performance & Durability for OBD Applications & Beyond Imad Khalek & Vinay Premnath, SwRI June 30, 2015 19 th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles, Zurich, Switzerland Southwest
More informationJCAP Diesel WG(Oil) Report
1 Further Challenge in Automobile and Fuel Technologies For Better Air Quality JCAP Diesel WG(Oil) Report 2002.02.22 Diesel WG 2 Activities of Oil WG STEP I Effect of oil properties on PM emission(1998-1999)
More informationMORPHOLOGY AND VOLATILITY OF PARTICULATE MATTER EMITTED FROM TWO DIRECT-INJECTION ENGINES
MORPHOLOGY AND VOLATILITY OF PARTICULATE MATTER EMITTED FROM TWO DIRECT-INJECTION ENGINES Brian Graves, Jason Olfert, Bob Koch, Bronson Patychuk, Ramin Dastanpour, Steven Rogak University of Alberta, Westport
More informationEmission and chemical composition of PM from medium speed 4-stroke marine Diesel engines for different fuels
9 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles 2005 Zürich Emission and chemical composition of PM from medium speed 4-stroke marine Diesel engines for different fuels P. Lauer 1, C. Kurok 2
More informationHydrocarbon fouling of Cu- and Fe-zeolite SCR catalysts in conventional and advanced diesel combustion modes
Hydrocarbon fouling of Cu- and Fe-zeolite SCR catalysts in conventional and advanced diesel combustion modes Vitaly Y. Prikhodko, Josh A. Pihl, Samuel A. Lewis and James E. Parks Oak Ridge National Laboratory
More informationUsage Issues and Fischer-Tropsch Commercialization
Usage Issues and Fischer-Tropsch Commercialization Presentation at the CCTR Advisory Panel Meeting Terre Haute, Indiana June 1, 2006 Diesel Engine Research John Abraham (ME), Jim Caruthers (CHE) Gas Turbine
More informationEVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN PMP METHODOLOGIES USING CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER AND ON-ROAD TESTING OF HEAVY- DUTY VEHICLES
12 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles June 23 rd 25 th 2008 EVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN PMP METHODOLOGIES USING CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER AND ON-ROAD TESTING OF HEAVY- DUTY VEHICLES Heejung
More informationReducing diesel particle emissions by particle oxidation catalyst
Reducing diesel particle emissions by particle oxidation catalyst Lehtoranta Kati, Matilainen Pekka, Åsenbrygg Juha-Matti, Lievonen Ari & Kinnunen Toni Ecocat Oy, Vihtavuori, Finland Contents Introduction
More informationParticle Measurement Methodology: E-43 Overview and Postmortem
Particle Measurement Methodology: E-43 Overview and Postmortem D.B. Kittelson, W. Watts, and Jason Johnson University of Minnesota CRC Real-World Group Meeting Phoenix, Arizona 3 December 2002 This work
More informationCharacterization of particle emissions from a marine diesel engine: Influence of sampling temperature on particle number, size, and morphology
Characterization of particle emissions from a marine diesel engine: Influence of sampling temperature on particle number, size, and morphology Fuglsang, K. 1, Dierscherl, K. 2, Lykkegaard, M.K. 3, Markussen
More informationSolid Particle Emissions of HDV Euro 3 DPF Euro 4 PM-Kat Euro 5 SCR
10.ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles 2006 Solid Particle Emissions of HDV Euro 3 DPF Euro 4 PM-Kat Euro 5 SCR M. Kasper / ME and A. Mayer / TTM T. Mosimann / ME, L. Emmenegger / EMPA,
More informationParticle Emissions from Light Duty Vehicles during Cold-Cold Start and Identified from Ambient Measurements
Particle Emissions from Light Duty Vehicles during Cold-Cold Start and Identified from Ambient Measurements A Thesis SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Huzeifa Ismail Badshah IN PARTIAL
More informationDekati Solutions. Engine Emissions
Engine Emissions After-treatment device and engine development On-board measurements Blow-by gas emissions EURO5b regulatory measurements Excellence in Particle Measurements Engine emissions Particle emissions
More information14 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles Zurich, Switzerland August 1 st -4 th 2010
14 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles Zurich, Switzerland August 1 st -4 th 21 IN-LINE, REAL-TIME EXHAUST PM EMISSIONS SENSOR FOR USE IN EMISSION CONTROL AND OBD APPLICATION Marc C.
More informationAppendix A.1 Calculations of Engine Exhaust Gas Composition...9
Foreword...xi Acknowledgments...xiii Introduction... xv Chapter 1 Engine Emissions...1 1.1 Characteristics of Engine Exhaust Gas...1 1.1.1 Major Components of Engine Exhaust Gas...1 1.1.2 Units Used for
More informationDevice for Measuring Solid Particle Number Concentration from Combustion Sources
Device for Measuring Solid Particle Number Concentration from Combustion Sources TSI Nanoparticle Emission Tester Model 3795 Cambridge Particle Meeting 2015 Mark Crooks TSI Instruments Ltd Aaron Avenido,
More informationNon-Volatile Particulate Matter Mass and Number Emission Indices of Aircraft Gas Turbine Sources
Non-Volatile Particulate Matter Mass and Number Emission Indices of Aircraft Gas Turbine Sources Benjamin Brem 1,2, Lukas Durdina 1,2 and Jing Wang 1,2 1 Empa, Analytical Chemistry, Überlandstr. 129, 8600
More informationParticle size distribution in ship emissions
Particle size distribution in ship emissions Erik Fridell*, Erica Steen and Kjell Peterson IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute PO Box 5302, SE 400 14 Göteborg, Sweden Phone +46 31 7256249 erik.fridell@ivl.se
More informationAircraft Emissions Characteristics: Implications for Source Apportionment and Emissions Inventories
catd/aci/aci-na_lasvegas2012 AircraftEmissionsCharacter.ppt ACI-NA Environmental Affairs Conference 16-19 April 2012 Las Vegas, NV Aerodyne Research, Inc. Aircraft Emissions Characteristics: Implications
More informationFuel Properties Effects on Current Diesel Vehicle Technology Emission
Fuel Properties Effects on Current Diesel Vehicle Technology Emission L. Ntziachristos, Z. Samaras Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics Aristotle University, Thessaloniki GREECE INTRODUCTION Great attention
More informationCarbon Nanotubes, Nanorods, and Nanoparticles from Engines
Carbon Nanotubes, Nanorods, and Nanoparticles from Engines David Kittelson TE Murphy Engine Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota 20th ETH Conference on Combustion
More informationContribution of Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) and Lubricant to the TGDi System Solution
Contribution of Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) and Lubricant to the TGDi System Solution Dr Ian Bell April 2018 Outline GPFs: The need for change What is a GPF? Engine Oil: Part of the solution Lubricant
More informationEffect of Dilution in Diesel Percentage on the size Distribution from a Diesel Engine Combustion
Effect of Dilution in Diesel Percentage on the size Distribution from a Diesel Engine Combustion 1 Mukesh V Khot, 2 B.S.Kothavale 1 Asst. Professor in Mechanical Engineering, 2 Professor and Head, Mechanical
More informationFormation of white soot by diesel cars equipped with particle filters
Formation of white soot by diesel cars equipped with particle filters Christian Ehlers 1, D. Klemp 1, F. Rohrer 1, A. Wahner 1, H. Dörksen 2, S. Simon 2, L. Menger 3, R. Strey 3 In urban areas one of the
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationEffect of Biodiesel Fuel on Emissions from Diesel Engine Complied with the Latest Emission Requirements in Japan Ref: JSAE Paper No.
Biodiesel Technical Workshop Effect of Biodiesel Fuel on Emissions from Diesel Engine Complied with the Latest Emission Requirements in Japan Ref: JSAE Paper No.20135622 November 5-6, 2013 @ Kansas City,
More informationParticle Emission Reduction in a SI-DI Vehicle by an Open Channel Filter
Particle Emission Reduction in a SI-DI Vehicle by an Open Channel Filter Panu Karjalainen 1, Juha Heikkilä 1, 1, Matti Happonen 1, Sampo Saari 1, Aleksi Malinen 2, Tero Lähde 2, Liisa Pirjola 2, Pekka
More informationExperimental investigation of ethanol-gasoline dual-fuel on particle emissions at the exhaust of a small displacement engine
Experimental investigation of ethanol-gasoline dual-fuel on particle emissions at the exhaust of a small displacement engine F. Catapano, S. Di Iorio, P. Sementa, B. M. Vaglieco Istituto Motori CNR, Naples
More informationOverview of Diesel Emission Control Retrofit Options
1 Overview of Diesel Emission Control Retrofit Options Tim Johnson December 2004 Diesel emission control retrofit programs are spreading throughout the world California and Switzerland are mandating retrofits
More informationAECC HEAVY DUTY NRMM TEST PROGRAMME: PARTICLE MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERISATION
14 th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles; 1-4 August 2010 AECC HEAVY DUTY NRMM TEST PROGRAMME: PARTICLE MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERISATION John May 1, Cecile Favre 1, Dirk Bosteels 1, Jon
More informationEffects of the U.S. EPA Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Standard on Heavy-Duty Fleet Average Nanoparticle Emissions in Minnesota
Effects of the U.S. EPA Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Standard on Heavy-Duty Fleet Average Nanoparticle Emissions in Minnesota David B. Kittelson, Jason P. Johnson, Winthrop F. Watts, Adam Heinzen University
More informationJournal of Aerosol Science
Journal of Aerosol Science 42 (2011) 883 897 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Aerosol Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jaerosci Investigation of solid particle
More informationExtending Exhaust Gas Recirculation Limits in Diesel Engines
Extending Exhaust Gas Recirculation Limits in Diesel Engines Katey E. Lenox R. M. Wagner, J. B. Green Jr., J. M. Storey, and C. S. Daw Oak Ridge National Laboratory A&WMA 93rd Annual Conference and Exposition
More informationDiesel Aftertreatment Systems
Diesel Aftertreatment Systems Jeff Kohli Tim Johnson 14 August 2007 11th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles Summary and Outline DPFs are becoming as much a part of the modern diesel engine
More informationHealth Relevance of Aerosols from Biomass Combustion in Comparison to Diesel Soot Indicated by Cytotoxicity Tests
Health Relevance of Aerosols from Biomass Combustion in Comparison to Diesel Soot Indicated by Cytotoxicity Tests Norbert Klippel, Thomas Nussbaumer, Michael Oser, Zurich (Switzerland), www.verenum.ch
More informationControl of PCCI Combustion using Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Mixed Fuel
Doshisha Univ. - Energy Conversion Research Center International Seminar on Recent Trend of Fuel Research for Next-Generation Clean Engines December 5th, 27 Control of PCCI Combustion using Physical and
More informationTest Engine. torque [Nm] power [kw] speed [rpm] Liebherr Dieselmotor 934 S A6 4 Cylinders Turbodiesel, intercooler, unit pump, EDC
power [kw] torque [Nm] BFH Bern University of Applied Sciences Test Engine Liebherr Dieselmotor 934 S A6 4 Cylinders Turbodiesel, intercooler, unit pump, EDC Power : 105 kw at 2000 rpm Displacement: 6,36
More informationInvestigation on PM Emissions of a Light Duty Diesel Engine with 10% RME and GTL Blends
Investigation on PM Emissions of a Light Duty Diesel Engine with 10% RME and GTL Blends Hongming Xu Jun Zhang University of Birmingham Philipp Price Ford Motor Company International Particle Meeting, Cambridge
More informationParticle Sensor Performance & Durability for OBD Applications & Beyond
Particle Sensor Performance & Durability for OBD Applications & Beyond Imad Khalek* & Vinay Premnath, SwRI CE-CERT Workshop, April 11, 2013 Ikhalek@swri.org Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, Texas
More informationFuture Powertrain Conference 24 th February C 2016 HORIBA Ltd. All rights reserved.
Recent and Future Developments In The Legislation and Measurement of Particle Number for Type Approval, In Service Conformity and Real Driving Emissions Future Powertrain Conference 24 th February 2016
More informationParticulate Emission Characteristics of a Port-Fuel-Injected SI Engine
The submitted manuscript has been created by the University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne") under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The
More informationWM 07 Conference, February 25 March 1, 2007, Tucson, AZ. Evaluation of Glass Fiber Hepa Filters as a Function of Media Velocity
Evaluation of Glass Fiber Hepa Filters as a Function of Media Velocity S. L. Alderman, M.S. Parsons, K.U. Hogancamp, C.A. Waggoner Mississippi State University, Institute for Clean Energy Technology Starkville,
More informationApplication of the. to NRMM. Alois Krasenbrink European Commission
Application of the PMP Protocol to NRMM Alois Krasenbrink European Commission Joint Research Centre PMP Background Health Concerns over Nano-Particles The Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme has forecast
More informationFirst results of vehicle technology effects on sub-23nm exhaust particle number emissions using the DownTo10 sampling and measurement system
First results of vehicle technology effects on sub-23nm exhaust particle number emissions using the DownTo10 sampling and measurement system Jon Andersson, Ricardo UK Co-authors: Mamakos, A.; Klug, A.;
More informationNanoparticle emissions from LNG and other low sulfur marine fuels
Nanoparticle emissions from LNG and other low sulfur marine fuels Maria Anderson, PhD-student at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden Kent Salo, Chalmers & Erik Fridell, IVL & Chalmers Why consider
More informationThe Potential of DPF Technology for the Elimination of Diesel Soot
Sootfree Tehran UNESCO + AQCC + VERT September 7 th 2016 The Potential of DPF Technology for the Elimination of Diesel Soot A.Mayer - TTM, VERT 1 Society needs Mobility Road Vehicle Emissions By Country
More informationPRODUCT INFORMATION SHEET. Exhaust Gas Recirculation 3 and High Pressure 3 - Tank treatments
Page 1 of 11 23379 / 12193 WYNN'S EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION 3 & HIGH PRESSURE 3 Date of Issue October 2008 PRODUCT INFORMATION SHEET WYNN'S EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION 3 AEROSOL & HIGH PRESSURE 3 Product
More informationOxidation Technologies for Stationary Rich and Lean Burn Engines
Oxidation Technologies for Stationary Rich and Lean Burn Engines Advances in Emission Control and Monitoring Technology for Industrial Sources Exton, PA July 9-10, 2008 1 Oxidation Catalyst Technology
More informationETH /19/02. Sampling methodology influences on modern Diesel particle number size distribution measurements
ETH 2002 1 09/19/02 Stefan Carli, Volkswagen AG, D-38436 Wolfsburg Ulrich Matter; Matter Engineering AG, CH-5610 Wohlen Sampling methodology influences on modern Diesel particle number size distribution
More informationModule 6:Emission Control for CI Engines Lecture 31:Diesel Particulate Filters (contd.) The Lecture Contains: Passive/Catalytic Regeneration
Module 6:Emission Control for CI Engines The Lecture Contains: Passive/Catalytic Regeneration Regeneration by Fuel Additives Continuously Regenerating Trap (CRT) Syatem Partial Diesel Particulate Filters
More informationParticle Number and Ash Emissions from a Heavy Duty Natural Gas and Diesel w/dpf Engine
Particle Number and Ash Emissions from a Heavy Duty Natural Gas and Diesel w/dpf Engine Imad A. Khalek, Huzeifa Badshah, Vinay Premnath & Daniel Preece Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Ikhalek@swri.org
More informationComparison of Soot Measurement Instruments during Transient and Steady State Operation
Comparison of Soot Measurement Instruments during Transient and Steady State Operation Christophe Barro, Philipp Vögelin, Pascal Wilhelm, Peter Obrecht, Konstantinos Boulouchos (Aerothermochemistry and
More informationNOx and Particulate Real Drive Emissions (RDE) Monday 21 Friday 25 May 2018 Provisional Programme
NOx and Particulate Real Drive Emissions (RDE) Monday 21 Friday 25 May 2018 Provisional Programme Monday 21 May Real-world driving for SI and diesel vehicles, fuel economy and emissions 08.00 Registration
More informationDoes the trimodal size distribution adequately describe aerosols from modern engines?
Does the trimodal size distribution adequately describe aerosols from modern engines? David Kittelson, William Northrop, Noah Bock TE Murphy Engine Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering
More informationNotes on Soot Measurement of Diesel Engines Wolfgang Schindler Wolfgang Singer
Notes on Soot Measurement of Diesel Engines Wolfgang Schindler Wolfgang Singer AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria Why bother about Soot Measurement? HC Oil cond. HC Fuel cond. Soot C Water Metal & Others Gravimetric
More informationPARTICULATES Plenary Meeting
PARTICULATES Plenary Meeting 27 and 28 January 03, Brussels Theodor Sams ID-NR.12345-1 Contents of Presentation Test Engines and Fuels Test Sequence Test-bed Set up Project Status - AVL Sa-NR.-2 Contents
More information1. CAUTIONS. 1) Standard pattern of soot accumulation Normal Soot Combustion. Abnormal Soot Accumulation
241202 143 1. CAUTIONS 1) Standard pattern of soot accumulation Abnormal Soot Accumulation Normal Soot Combustion Cautions to protect the catalyst filter Use the designated fuel only. Observe the recommended
More informationCOMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF AVL S 1065 COMPLIANT GASEOUS PEMS
COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF AVL S 1065 COMPLIANT GASEOUS PEMS 22 th CRC Real World Emissions Workshop March 25-28 Presented By: Kent Johnson Co-Authors: Tanfeng Cao, Thomas D. Durbin, Karl Oberguggenberger,
More informationCatalytic Coatings for Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration
Catalytic Coatings for Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration Authors: Dr. Claus F. Görsmann, Dr Andrew P. Walker Organization: Plc Mailing address: ECT, Orchard Road, Royston, Herts., SG8 5HE, United
More informationImad El Haddad Paul Scherrer Institut Zurich, 30 June 2015
Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen Emissions from combustion in a ship research engine and associated secondary organic aerosol formation potential Imad El Haddad Paul Scherrer Institut Zurich, 30 June
More informationPM Exhaust Characteristics from Diesel Engine with Cooled EGR
Proceedings of International Symposium on EcoTopia Science 07, ISETS07 (07) PM Exhaust Characteristics from Diesel Engine with Yutaka Tsuruta 1, Tomohiko Furuhata 1 and Masataka Arai 1 1. Department of
More informationDaimlerChrysler Alternative Particulate Measurement page 1/8
DaimlerChrysler Alternative Particulate Measurement page 1/8 Investigation of Alternative Methods to Determine Particulate Mass Emissions Dr. Oliver Mörsch Petra Sorsche DaimlerChrysler AG Background and
More informationDAYTIME AND NIGHTTIME AGING OF LOGWOOD COMBUSTION AEROSOLS
DAYTIME AND NIGHTTIME AGING OF LOGWOOD COMBUSTION AEROSOLS Ari Leskinen Finnish Meteorological Institute Atmospheric Research Centre of Eastern Finland 20th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles,
More informationAVL Particle Measurement System Aviation
AVL Particle Measurement System Aviation Measurement of non-volatile Particulate Matter mass and number emissions from aircraft turbines according to the AIR6241 MARKET REQUIREMENTS Non-volatile particulate
More informationSUREAL-23 UNDERSTANDING, MEASURING AND REGULATING SUB-23 NM PARTICLE EMISSIONS FROM DIRECT INJECTION ENGINES INCLUDING REAL DRIVING CONDITIONS
SUREAL-23 UNDERSTANDING, MEASURING AND REGULATING SUB-23 NM PARTICLE EMISSIONS FROM DIRECT INJECTION ENGINES INCLUDING REAL DRIVING CONDITIONS 1 Overview Main achievements Novel instrumentation Particle
More informationFEATURE ARTICLE. Advanced Function Analyzers: Real-time Measurement of Particulate Matter Using Flame Ionization Detectors. Hirokazu Fukushima
FEATURE ARTICLE FEATURE ARTICLE Advanced Function Analyzers: Real-time Measurement of Particulate Matter Using Flame Ionization Detectors Advanced Function Analyzers: Real-time Measurement of Particulate
More informationReal Drive Emissions (RDE) and NOx and Particulate Control Monday 20 Friday 24 May 2019 Programme
Real Drive Emissions (RDE) and NOx and Particulate Control Monday 20 Friday 24 May 2019 Programme Monday 20 May Real-world driving for SI and diesel vehicles, fuel economy and emissions I 08.00 Registration
More informationNanoparticle emissions from an off-road Diesel engine equipped with a catalyzed diesel particulate filter
Nanoparticle emissions from an off-road Diesel engine equipped with a catalyzed diesel particulate filter S. Di Iorio, A. Magno, E. Mancaruso, B. M. Vaglieco Istituto Motori, Naples Italy Main concerns
More informationMeasurement of emissions at project start
Measurement of emissions at project start Date: 12. May 2000 File number: 270 0 0088 Authors: Ken Friis Hansen Michael Grouleff Jensen Contribution from: Peter Wåhlin, DMU Background Energy division Engine
More informationPromising Alternative Fuels for Improving Emissions from Future Vehicles
Promising Alternative Fuels for Improving Emissions from Future Vehicles Research Seminar: CTS Environment and Energy in Transportation Council Will Northrop 12/17/2014 Outline 1. Alternative Fuels Overview
More informationFuture Challenges in Automobile and Fuel Technologies For a Better Environment. Diesel WG Report. September 25, 2000
1 Future Challenges in Automobile and Fuel Technologies For a Better Environment Diesel WG Report September 25, 2000 JCAP Diesel WG Toshiaki Kakegawa, Akihiro Misumi 2 Objectives To research diesel engine
More informationSystem Simulation for Aftertreatment. LES for Engines
System Simulation for Aftertreatment LES for Engines Christopher Rutland Engine Research Center University of Wisconsin-Madison Acknowledgements General Motors Research & Development Caterpillar, Inc.
More informationInvestigating the Effect of Varying Ethanol and Aromatic Fuel Blends on Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Forming Potential for a FFV-GDI Vehicle
Investigating the Effect of Varying Ethanol and Aromatic Fuel Blends on Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Forming Potential for a FFV-GDI Vehicle Patrick Roth 1,2 Jiacheng Yang 1,2, Ayla Moretti 1,2, Tom
More informationDetailed Characterization of Particulate Matter Emitted by Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) Gasoline Engine
Detailed Characterization of Particulate Matter Emitted by Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) Gasoline Engine Alla Zelenyuk 1, David Bell 1, Jackie Wilson 1, Paul Reitz 1, Mark Stewart 1, Dan Imre
More informationEmissions of Diesel Engine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation by Molecular Diffusion
Emissions of Diesel Engine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation by Molecular Diffusion ADEL A. ABDEL-RAHMAN Mechanical Engineering Department Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt E-mail: adel.abdel-rahman@alexu.edu.eg
More informationUpdate on the UN-ECE GRPE Particle Measurement Programme Spring 2009
Update on the UN-ECE GRPE Particle Measurement Programme Spring 2009 Delivering Value Through Innovation & Technology Jon Andersson Manager, Aftertreatment and Chemical Analysis Department, Ricardo UK
More information