Toyota Media Tour 2015 Tokyo Motor Show Toyota s More Efficient Powertrain

Transcription

1 Toyota s More Efficient Powertrain Toyota Motor Corporation Tetsu Yamada 1

2 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 2

3 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 3

4 1. Toyota s Powertrain Approach Japan Region North America Europe China Emerging Markets Road condition Supply powertrains in a timely manner based on regional needs and intended purpose 4

5 1. Toyota s Powertrain Approach HV Conventional Engine EV PHV FCV 5

6 1. Toyota s Powertrain Approach The New Engine Series Fuel economy improvement of 10 percent or higher compared to existing engines World-class maximum thermal efficiency 6

7 1. Toyota s Powertrain Approach How to convert each drop of fuel efficiently into energy and maximize work Improvement of engine thermal efficiency Improvement of powertrain efficiency Improvement of transmission efficiency Reduction of vehicle running resistance Reduction of drag How to convert each drop of fuel efficiently into engine torque How to transmit the energy of the powertrain efficiently to the tires Weight reduction A fundamental way of improving the powertrain efficiency is to develop more efficient components and to minimize the combined losses 7

8 1. Toyota s Powertrain Approach For Maximization of powertrain system, Fully utilizing Engine thermal efficiency areas by transmission operation Engine and Transmission Combinations (image) High fuel efficiency area Line of highest operation efficiency Maximizing Engine thermal efficiency Torque CVT/8AT E-CVT(THS) 6AT 5AT + Maximum utilization of good efficiency area by transmission Engine speed Wider gear ratio & multistage is necessary 8

9 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 9

10 2. High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine HVs Vehicles with conventional gasoline engines Improved combustion 1 Rapid combustion 2 Higher compression ratio 3 Reduced pumping loss Loss reduction 1 2 Atkinson cycle Large-volume cooled EGR 4 Low friction : Technology used/refined 10

11 2. High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Rapid Combustion Intake side Tumble flow (vertical vortex) Exhaust side High performance Discharge coefficient Competitors' gasoline engines Toyota s gasoline engines High Thermal Efficiency, Low Fuel Consumption Tumble flow strength Better Better fuel efficiency Achieve unprecedented efficiency and tumble 11

12 2. High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Rapid Combustion Rapid combustion through higher tumble flow 12

13 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 13

14 3. Turbo Gasoline Engine Turbo engines 1Rapid combustion 2.0-liter turbo 1.2-liter turbo Technology newly added Improved combustion Loss reduction High tumble port Tumble maintenance combustion chamber Multiport fuel injection 2 Reduced knocking Cylinder head with water-cooled exhaust manifold Highly efficient water-cooled intercooler 3 Reduced pumping loss 1 2 Atkinson cycle Twin scroll turbo 4 Low friction Aims: - Improve combustion - Encourage broader use of turbo engines From hybrids Product concept From existing models Numerous improvements developed in a variety of powertrains combine to improve combustion in turbo engines 14

15 3. Turbo Gasoline Engine Gasoline Engine Better Hybrids Engines with improved thermal, fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency Turbo engines High thermal efficiency engines Faster Acceleration time Improving thermal efficiency and the driving experience with turbo engines 15

16 3. Turbo Gasoline Engine Turbo gasoline engine Maximum thermal efficiency (%) Development of thermally efficient turbo engines 2.0-liter turbo 1.2-liter turbo Competing turbo engines Top class thermal efficiency 18

17 3. Turbo Gasoline Engine liter turbo (8NR-FTS) Engine torque (Nm) liter (2ZR-FAE) 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 Engine speed (rpm) Turbo engine delivers high torque at low engine speeds 17

18 3. Turbo Gasoline Engine Low fuel consumption= excellent environmental performance Acceleration from 30 km/h (third gear) 1.2-liter turbo (8NR-FTS ) Easy/fun to drive Responsiveness High torque Acceleration Competing1.2-liter turbo 1.8-liter (2ZR-FAE) Extremely quiet Time Low fuel consumption and an exciting driving experience 18

19 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 19

20 4. Global Diesel Engine Toyota s diesel engine used for daily life all over the world Brazil Venezuela 20

21 4. Global Diesel Engine Diesel Engine Easier to drive Improved torque from start + Improved lowspeed torque Quieter Achieve quiet combustion under all driving conditions. Cleaner Development of low emission systems that respond rapidly to ever-changing global environmental requirements. 21

22 4. Global Diesel Engine Next-generation advanced thermal insulation diesel combustion Ideal combustion state Standard 従来 combustion 燃焼 Next-generation advanced thermal insulation diesel combustion Minutely-controlled combustion rather than combustion from mixing fuel and air. 22

23 4. Global Diesel Engine Technology to expand the potential of combustion: Newly developed turbocharger Dramatic size reduction and efficiency increase to achieve extensive response High Power per unit displacement For 1GD Low Small Approx. 30% more compact For 2GD Standard model Leading trend Turbocharger size Large In-house development Effect on response by reducing size and increasing efficiency This turbocharger which responds at all engine speed ranges was developed as an integral part of engine development helps to maximize the potential of combustion. Rate of boost pressure increase Fast Approx. 50% faster response Standard model GD engine + Newly developed turbocharger 23

24 4. Global Diesel Engine Global Diesel Engine: Maximum Thermal Efficiency of 44% (Prado) Dynamic performance Noise performance World-leading for passenger vehicle Acceleration rate Accelerator ON 1GD-FTV 2.8 L 42% up Effect of new compact wide-range turbocharger 53% up 1KD-FTV 3.0 L Effect of Toyota next-generation advanced thermal insulation combustion Vehicle acceleration Time Impressive acceleration right from start Combustion noise level Accelerator ON 1KD-FTV 3.0 L Max. 3DB quieter 1GD-FTV 2.8 L Combustion noise when accelerating Time Quieter performance right from start 24

25 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 25

26 5. Market Introduction Engine deployment 1.5 L Corolla 1.3 L Vitz Turbo 1.2 L Auris 1.0 L Passo 1.4 L-D Auris (Europe) 1.8 L Prius 2.8 L-D Prado/Hilux 3.5 L RX/Tacoma Highly thermal and fuel efficient engines 2.4 L-D Hilux 3.5 L RX HV Turbo 2.0 L NX 200t Crown 2.7 L HiAce 2.0 L Camry (China) As planned, Toyota has launched all of the 14 highly thermal and fuel efficient engines. 2.0 L HiAce 26

27 5. Market Introduction (1.8-liter engine) Improved combustion Rapid combustion High tumble port High volume cooled EGR Optimized Piston top surface Improved Knocking High energy Ignition Coil Optimized the alignment of the spark plug grounding electrodes Branch pipes in the EGR passage built into the intake manifold Heat Management Dual passage cooling system Water jacket spacer with rubber form Friction reduction Crank bearings with fine grooves Oil pump with new rotor profile Piston with a smoothing surface treatment Maximum thermal efficiency: 40% Installed in New Prius

28 5. Market Introduction Even more efficient Maximum thermal efficiency Diesel engines Gasoline engines 14 Models ( Diesel, hybrid, etc. ) (year) Aim for further improvements in the future

29 Contents 1 Toyota s Powertrain Approach High Thermal Efficiency Gasoline Engine Turbo Gasoline Engine Global Diesel Engine Market Introduction New CVT 29

30 6. New CVT Improving Fun-to-Drive Performance of CVT 30

31 6. New CVT Improving Fun-to-Drive Performance of CVT Adoption of linear up-shift control to achieve smooth and continuous acceleration 31

32 Appendix 32

33 Appendix Major component development status (1.2-liter turbo engine) Improved combustion Rapid combustion High performance, high tumble port High compression ratio (10.0) D-4T Water-cooled intercooler Water jacket spacer Cylinder head with water-cooled exhaust manifold Loss reduction Pumping and cooling loss reduction Atkinson cycle Single scroll turbo VVT-iW(variable valve timing) Low friction Modified piston skirt surface Water jacket spacer Plastic-coated bearing Piston jet control system Low friction chain Cylinder bore quickwarming system Maximum thermal efficiency: 36% Installed in Auris 33

34 Appendix Major component development status (2.0-liter turbo engine) Improved combustion Rapid combustion High compression ratio (10.0) Loss reduction High performance, high tumble port D-4ST Water-cooled intercooler Water jacket spacer 4-in-2 exhaust manifold integrated cylinder head Reduced pumping loss/coolness loss Atkinson cycle VVT-iW (variable valve timing) Low friction Twin scroll turbo Modified piston skirt surface Low friction chain Water jacket spacer Cylinder bore quickwarming system Resin-coated bearings Piston jet control system Maximum thermal efficiency: 36% Installed in Crown 34

35 Appendix Major component development status (Global Diesel Engine) Combustion technology Advanced thermal insulation diesel combustion Low-flow, high-efficiency intake ports Taper lip combustion chamber Fuel injection strategy (robust combustion) Thermo Swing Wall Insulation Technology World-leading for passenger vehicle Maximum thermal efficiency: 44% Structural technology / highly functional devices Adoption of appropriate displacements (right-sizing) Uniform structure: 2.4 & 2.8 L Various loss reduction Adoption of low-friction technologies from gasoline engines and low thermal capacity structure Compact and highly efficient wide-range turbocharger Clean catalyst technology High-performance urea SCR & compact catalyst High-performance and compact urea SCR system (Toyota-first) Compact DOC & DPF with low use of precious metals DOC : Diesel Oxidation Catalyst DPF : Diesel Particulate Filter SCR:Selective Catalytic Reduction Installed in Prado 35