Shipboard Testing of B20

Transcription

1 Great Lakes Maritime Research Institute A University of Wisconsin-Superior and University of Minnesota Duluth Consortium Shipboard Testing of B20 Daniel N. Pope, Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Doug Ricketts, Ph.D. Research Associate UMD Large Lakes Observatory University of Minnesota Duluth Sponsor: GLMRI

2 Project Goals/Topics Effect of using B20 on emissions and fuel consumption Investigate material compatibility and operational issues associated with the use of B20 Test Vessel R/V Blue Heron Doug Ricketts: Marine Superintendent

3 R/V Blue Heron University of Minnesota Duluth 90 days out on the water in 2008 Work with a wide range of natural scientists: chemists, biologist, physicists iit and geologists it Can work on all the Great Lakes and have worked during every month of the year Have worked with researchers from institutions from around the country

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5 R/V Blue Heron Main Engine CAT 3508 TA Generators CAT 3304 CAT C4.4 DITA

6 Measurements Data Acquisition Main Engine RPM s Main Engine Exhaust Temperature Main Engine Exhaust Pressure Fuel Consumption Emissions Unburned Hydrocarbons (HC) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Oxygen (O 2 ) Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x )

7 Data Acquisition Equipment Testo 350-XL Flue Gas Analyzer HC, CO, O 2, NO x DT 80 Datalogger FloScan Fuel Log Systems Main Engine 86TL-6FE-2K Generators 850L-201-2K Type K Thermocouple Omega part # TJ36-CASS-18U-12 Pressure Transducer Omega part # PX GI Monarch ROS-W (Remote Optical Sensor) Power Supplies (12V and 24 VDC) Computer

8 Data Acquisition Engineering Station Flue Gas Analyzer ME Flow Meters ME Exhaust Temperature

9 Testing Diesel: 14 May July 08 Refuel with B to 2500 gallons/refueling First refueling July 21 st Approximately 600 gallons in tank prior to refueling B20 Refueling Murphy Oil Refinery Large Tanker Truck August 25 th Small Tanker September 22 nd Truck B20: 21 July 08 Present Blue Heron

10 Expected Results For Heavy-Duty Highway Engines Source: National Biodiesel Board; Based on EPA Report

11 Fuel Consumption GPH Main Engine Speed (RPM) Diesel B20 Higher consumption for B20 may be caused by higher differential pressure across the fuel filter which can effect the operation of the flow meter

12 Main Engine Exhaust Temperature Degrees Celsius Diesel B20 Main Engine Speed (RPM)

13 Emissions Percent O Perce ent Diesel B Main Engine Speed (RPM)

14 Emissions ppm CO ppm Diesel B Main Engine Speed (RPM)

15 Emissions ppm NO x ppm Diesel B Main Engine Speed (RPM)

16 Emissions Percent CO 2 Perc cent Main Engine Speed (RPM) Diesel B20

17 Operational Issues NO material compatibility issues observed e.g. weeping at connections, failure of hoses, etc. Primary Fuel Filter Racor 2-micron Replace when fuel pressure < 50 psi at full throttle After refueling with B20 Short initial operational lifetime (hours) Lifetime slowly increases for subsequent filters New Filter Typical Used Filter (> 100 hrs operation) Used Filter After B20 Refueling (9 hrs operation)

18 Operational Issues Operational Lifetime of Primary Fuel Filter Diesel First fuel filter after refueling sometimes exhibits a shortened lifetime Typical lifetimes from 100 to 200 hrs B20 Short initial lifetime with increasing lifetime for subsequent filters 160 Operation Hours of July 21 Refuel August 25 Refuel Fuel Filter Number After Refueling

19 Conclusions Results NOT corrected for external factors Wind, current, sea state Engine Load and RPM not directly correlated Difficult to compare results at same RPM Exhaust Temperature correlates well with RPM Fuel Consumption Data may reflect increased fuel demand when using B20 at higher RPM s Additional data is being gathered for analysis

20 Conclusions Emissions Unburned Hydrocarbon concentration too small to measure O 2, NO x, and CO 2 appear to correlate well with RPM NO x, and CO 2 emissions were similar for the two fuels CO measurements appear questionable Operational Issues P i F l Filt h d t b l d Primary Fuel Filter had to be replaced more frequently

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