An Analysis of Alternative Fuels for Automotive Engines. Joey Dille
|
|
- Franklin Gray
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 An Analysis of Alternative Fuels for Automotive Engines Joey Dille 1
2 Problem Hundreds of millions of people use the car as their preferred method of transportation, but cars pollute the air and contribute to global warming with their emissions. Which environmental friendly fuels are comparable to gasoline in heating value? 2
3 Hypothesis Hypothesis: Ethanol will provide the best alternative to gasoline. Why: Ethanol has similar properties to gasoline. Also, ethanol can be very green because is is made from plants. It requires engine modifications to run optimally. Countries like Brazil have already adopted it as their major vehicle fuel. 3
4 Combustion When fuel is burned, a combustion reaction occurs. C x H y O z + O 2 H 2 O + CO 2 Fuels with their own oxygen require less air to combust. 4
5 Calorimeter Design A calorimeter to burn the fuels had to be constructed. Some things had to be considered: The calorimeter must have reliable way to burn the fuel There must be an air intake There must be an exhaust outlet The heat must be directed toward the water Heat loss must be minimized There must be a way to measure everything accurately 5
6 Calorimeter Diagram Exhaust Thermometer Water Stirrer Body Tube with Insulation Combustor Fuel Tank Precision scale The Calorimeter Air Intake 6
7 Heat Flow Diagram Exhaust as hot air Exhaust as hot air Heat into water Air combusts fuel Air in at room temperature Air in at room temperature 7
8 Heat Flow Balance The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can't be created or destroyed. Heat in-heat out=heat stored Here is a sample calculation that shows how the heating value was calculated. Item Calculation Value Units Heat of evaporated water Mass Loss H2O*Hvp 0 J Heat Added to Water Cp(H2O)*( Tw) J Heat of Air Cp(air)* T(air)*m(air) 8518 J Heat of Fuel J Mass of Fuel Burned 8.50 g Heating Value of Fuel J/g 8
9 Heat Balance Equation H H C M T e H M v T C C M T a M v pe e f ( C pe M e Te ) + ( H vpw M w) + ( M w Tw C pw) ( C pa M a T = M = Heating Value of = Specific Heat of = Mass of = Temperature of w pw pa a = Heat of = Mass of = Change in Temperature of = Specific Heat of = Specific Heat of = Mass of = Temperature of f f vpw w = Mass of Exhaust Vaporization of Water Air Fuel Exhaust Air Exhaust Water Air Fuel Water Water f This is the equation used to compute the heating value of the fuel when the constants and measurements were added and some stoichiometry work was done. 9 a )
10 Fuels Used 1. Gasoline (control) 2. Kerosene (similar to diesel) 3. Ethanol (from ecological sources) 4. E85 (FlexFuel) 5. Biofuel (methyl soy) 6. Used Cooking Oil (being used as a diesel) 10
11 Ecology Some fuels have a greater ecological impact than others. Fossil fuels release more greenhouse gases like CO 2 into the air. Biofuels use plants that already absorbed CO 2 and then release the same amount they absorbed back the atmosphere when they are burned. This makes the process carbon-neutral and more green. 11
12 Stoichiometry Calculations were made to determine how much air went into the reaction based on the hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen contents of the fuels. 2H 2 + O 2 --> 2H 2 O C + O 2 --> CO 2 Fuel Molar Percent H Molar Percent C Molar Percent O Moles of Air per Mole of Fuel Fuel-Air Ratio Kerosene 66.1% 33.9% 0.0% Gasoline 67.5% 32.5% 0.0% Ethanol 66.7% 22.2% 11.1% Biofuel 64.1% 32.4% 3.6% Used Cooking Oil 63.6% 32.9% 3.5% E % 23.8% 9.4%
13 Heating Value Procedure 1. Measure fuel mass, water mass, air temperature, exhaust temperature and water temperature. 2. Burn fuel for about minutes in calorimeter. 3. Measure exhaust temperature, water temperature, fuel mass and water mass again. 4. Repeat 3 times for each fuel. 5. Analyze fuels across several other categories. 6. Present data through project. 13
14 Measured Heating Values of Fuels Measured Lower Heating Value in kj/kg Kerosene Gasoline Ethanol Biofuel Used Cooking Oil E85 14
15 Density Procedure Fuel is usually sold by the unit volume, so a volume comparison is also valuable. The density of each fuel is needed to convert between mass and volume measurements. 1. Record volume of fuel. 2. Record mass of fuel. 3. Repeat 3 times for every fuel. 15
16 Density Average Densities of Fuels Density in g/ml Gasoline Kerosene Ethanol Biofuel Used Cooking Oil E85 16
17 Measured Volume Based Heating Value Heating Value in kj/l Kerosene Gasoline Ethanol Biofuel Used Cooking Oil E85 17
18 Fuel/Engine Compatibility Gasoline, Ethanol, and E85 are fuels are suitable for a spark-ignition engine. Gasoline is the most volatile and has the lowest flash point. It's vapors are flammable and easily ignited by a spark. Biofuel, Kerosene, and Used Cooking Oil are suitable for a diesel engine, which is about 30% more efficient (US EPA). 18
19 Measured Heating Values Compared to Published Values Heating Value in kj/kg Kerosene Gasoline Ethanol Biofuel Used Cooking Oil E85 Calculated Ihv Published lhv 19
20 Conclusions Biofuel, vegetable oil, ethanol, and E85 proved to be possible alternatives to gasoline in regards to heating value. The testing apparatus used had an inefficient design that led to an average of -40% error. 20
21 Combustion Issues Biofuel E85 Ethanol Gasoline Kerosene Used Cooking Oil 21
22 Measurement Errors Don t Explain All the Error 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% ± % 5.0% ±1 ±1 ±1 ±.1 0.0% 22 Control Air Temperature Exhaust Temperature Fuel Mass Water Temperature Water Mass Total Calculated Max Observed
23 Errors There was a lot of unburned carbon, especially in gasoline. This may have led to gasoline's strange results. Unaccounted heat loss from the body of the calorimeter. 23
24 Errors II One source of error is the fact that excess air that was not measured. Average Volumetric HV of Biofuel Heating Value in J/l Excess Air Ratio 24
25 Extensions and Applications Next year, I could explore the energy cost of producing each fuel and the "carbon footprint" of such processes. I could explore the possibilities of biofuel. I could also explore alternative heating fuels rather than engine fuels. This could be applied to the average person's car or truck's fuel and also on a national level like Brazil. 25
Q1.This question is about the temperature of the Earth s atmosphere. Give one reason why it is difficult to produce models for future climate change.
Q1.This question is about the temperature of the Earth s atmosphere. (a) Give one reason why it is difficult to produce models for future climate change..... (b) Describe how carbon dioxide helps to maintain
More information(i) Place a cross in the box next to a pair of greenhouse gases.
1 First generation biofuels are made from sugars and vegetable oils found in food crops. (a) Some countries are replacing small percentages of petrol and diesel with first generation biofuels to reduce
More informationQ1. The table shows how much carbon dioxide is produced when you transfer the same amount of energy by burning coal, gas and oil.
Q1. The table shows how much carbon dioxide is produced when you transfer the same amount of energy by burning coal, gas and oil. (a) (b) Use the information from the table to complete the bar-chart. The
More informationBiodiesel. As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is
Aaron Paternoster CHEM 380 10D Prof. Laurie Grove January 30, 2015 Biodiesel Introduction As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is proving to be an economically
More informationHydrocarbons 1 of 29 Boardworks Ltd 2016
Hydrocarbons 1 of 29 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Hydrocarbons 2 of 29 Boardworks Ltd 2016 What are hydrocarbons? 3 of 29 Boardworks Ltd 2016 Some compounds only contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. They are
More informationExhaust Gas CO vs A/F Ratio
Title: Tuning an LPG Engine using 2-gas and 4-gas analyzers CO for Air/Fuel Ratio, and HC for Combustion Efficiency- Comparison to Lambda & Combustion Efficiency Number: 18 File:S:\Bridge_Analyzers\Customer_Service_Documentation\White_Papers\18_CO
More informationNew Energy Activity. Background:
New Energy Activity Background: Americans love their cars. Most Americans use gasoline-powered cars to commute, run errands, take family vacations, and get places they want to go. Americans consume 25
More informationBiodiesel Production and Analysis
Biodiesel Production and Analysis Introduction A key current focus in science and engineering is the development of technologies for generating and utilizing new sources of energy. Climate change, geopolitics,
More informationDOT Tire Quality Grading (U.S. Cars)
DOT Tire Quality Grading (U.S. Cars) The tires on your car meet all U.S. Federal Safety Requirements. All tires are also graded for treadwear, traction, and temperature performance according to Department
More informationAvailable online Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2018, 5(8): Research Article
Available online www.jsaer.com, 2018, 5(8):139-144 Research Article ISSN: 2394-2630 CODEN(USA): JSERBR A Study on the Reduction of Exhaust Gas by the Methanol Mixing Method of Compression Ignition Engine
More informationInternal Combustion Engine
Internal Combustion Engine 1. A 9-cylinder, 4-stroke cycle, radial SI engine operates at 900rpm. Calculate: (1) How often ignition occurs, in degrees of engine rev. (2) How many power strokes per rev.
More informationFraction Distillation of Crude Oil
Fraction Distillation of Crude Oil Question Paper 2 Level A Level Subject Chemistry Exam Board AQA Module 3.3 Organic Chemistry Topic 3.3.2 Alkanes Sub-Topic 3.3.2.1 Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
More informationQ1. Useful fuels can be produced from crude oil. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
Q. Useful fuels can be produced from crude oil. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. (a) The table shows the boiling points of four of these hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon Boiling point in C methane, CH
More informationby Jim Phillips, P. E.
by Jim Phillips, P. E. Baking flour, coal dust and gasoline; what do these things have in common? They are not the ingredients for a strange new cake recipe. Each of these ingredients is the fuel that
More informationTESTING OF FUELS : FLASH AND FIRE POINT
Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi II Semester -- 2017 2018 MCL 241 Energy systems and Technologies TESTING OF FUELS : FLASH AND FIRE POINT 1. Introduction The
More informationCombustion and Air Pollution st assignment: Flame Temperature Analysis and NOx Emissions for different Fuels and combustion conditions
1 st assignment: Flame Temperature Analysis and NOx Emissions for different Fuels and combustion conditions Concepts: Adiabatic flame temperature, theoretical air, EGR percent, Diesel and gasoline engine
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF ETHANOL AND AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE BLENDS By
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF ETHANOL AND AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE BLENDS By 1. Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. tarekfetouh@yahoo.com 2. Department of Chemical
More informationGreenhouse gases affect the temperature of the Earth. Which gas is a greenhouse gas? Tick one box. Argon Methane Nitrogen Oxygen
1 Greenhouse gases affect the temperature of the Earth. Which gas is a greenhouse gas? Tick one box. Argon Methane Nitrogen Oxygen An increase in global temperature will cause climate change. What is one
More informationEthanol, DME and Renewable Diesel for large scale displacement of fossil diesel in HD applications
Ethanol, DME and Renewable Diesel for large scale displacement of fossil diesel in HD applications Patric Ouellette, Lew Fulton STEPS Presentation May 24, 2017 Intro and Question Large content of biofuel
More informationEdexcel GCSE Chemistry. Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science. Fuels. Notes.
Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science Fuels Notes 8.1 Recall that Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only 8.2 Describe crude oil as: A complex mixture of hydrocarbons
More informationThe table below gives information about milk bottles. Raw materials Sand, limestone, salt Crude oil. Bottle material Soda-lime glass HD poly(ethene)
Q1.Plastic and glass can be used to make milk bottles. The figure below shows the percentage of milk bottles made from glass between 1975 and 2010. (a) Plot the points and draw a line on the figure above
More informationBiodiesel Production and Analysis
Biodiesel Production and Analysis Introduction A key current focus in science and engineering is the development of technologies for generating and utilizing new sources of energy. Climate change, geopolitics,
More informationFractional Distillation Lab Simulating The Refining of Petroleum 12/12 Integrated Science 3 Redwood High School Name : Per:
Simulating The Refining of Petroleum 12/12 Integrated Science 3 Redwood High School Name : Per: Introduction Petroleum, or crude oil, is a complex mixture of substances. It is believed that crude oil is
More informationExergy Analysis of Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Blend : Effect of Compression Ratio and Injection Pressure
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719 Vol. 06, Issue 04 (April. 2016), V3 PP 13-19 www.iosrjen.org Exergy Analysis of Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel
More informationEffects of Ethanol-Gasoline blends on Performance and Emissions of Gasoline Engines
Effects of Ethanol-Gasoline blends on Performance and Emissions of Gasoline Engines Er. Kapil Karadia 1, Er. Ashish Nayyar 2 1 Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management &Gramothan, Jaipur,Rajasthan
More informationWhite Paper.
The Advantage of Real Atmospheric Distillation Complying with the ASTM D7345 Test Method in the Distillation Process Introduction / Background In the past, refiners enjoyed a constant supply of the same
More information8/3/2012 SIF: Energy School 2012,Varenna. Omar Said
Omar Said Introduction to myself Name: Omar Said (I am in Petroleum and Petrochemicals Engineering senior student Cairo University). Experience : Schlumberger oil service company trainee (wire line segment).
More informationBiodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil A Renewable Blend for Diesel Engines
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil A Renewable Blend for Diesel Engines Alternatives to Fossil Fuels 80% of our energy comes from oil, coal, and natural gas. Five alternative energy sources are
More informationPerformance Testing of Diesel Engine using Cardanol-Kerosene oil blend
Performance Testing of Diesel Engine using Cardanol-Kerosene oil blend Ravindra 1*, Aruna M 1 and Vardhan Harsha 1 1 Department of Mining Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal,
More informationCEE 452/652. Week 6, Lecture 1 Mobile Sources. Dr. Dave DuBois Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute
CEE 452/652 Week 6, Lecture 1 Mobile Sources Dr. Dave DuBois Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute Today s topics Read chapter 18 Review of urban atmospheric chemistry What are mobile
More informationSoy oil as fuel in a four stroke engine
Soy oil as fuel in a four stroke engine Department of Production and Management Engineering Democritus University of Thrace V. Sofias Street, 67100, Xanthi GREECE xarapat@agro.duth.gr Abstract: - Due to
More informationDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore. Energy Engineering Lab
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore Energy Engineering Lab Introduction Energy is often defined as the capacity to do work. Several different forms of energy,
More informationUnit 7 Part 2 Introduction to Organic Chemistry Crude Oil: Sources and Uses of Alkanes UNIT 7 INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Unit 7 Part 2 Introduction to Organic hemistry rude Oil: Sources and Uses of Alkanes UNIT 7 INTRODUTION TO ORGANI EMISTRY PART 2 RUDE OIL: SOURES AND USES OF ALKANES ontents 1. rude Oil 2. ombustion of
More informationHowstuffworks "How Gasoline Works"
Page 1 of 5 Search HowStuffWorks and the Auto Stuff Science Stuff Health Stuff Entertainment Stuff People St Computer Stuff Electronics Stuff Home Stuff Money Stuff Travel Stuff S Main > Science > Earth
More informationANALYSIS OF THE ENGINE FUELS IMPACT ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 18, No. 4 2011 ANALYSIS OF THE ENGINE FUELS IMPACT ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS Barbara Worsztynowicz AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of
More informationTECHNICAL PAPER FOR STUDENTS AND YOUNG ENGINEERS - FISITA WORLD AUTOMOTIVE CONGRESS, BARCELONA
TECHNICAL PAPER FOR STUDENTS AND YOUNG ENGINEERS - FISITA WORLD AUTOMOTIVE CONGRESS, BARCELONA 2 - TITLE: Topic: INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN ADDITION ON PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF
More informationAssignment-1 Air Standard Cycles
Assignment-1 Air Standard Cycles 1. What do u mean by air standard cycle? List assumptions for air standard cycle & give reasons why air standard cycle differs from actual cycle. 2. Derive an equation
More informationEffect of The Use of Fuel LPG Gas and Pertamax on Exhaust Gas Emissions of Matic Motorcycle
Effect of The Use of Fuel LPG Gas and Pertamax on Exhaust Gas Emissions of Matic Motorcycle Khairul Muhajir Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology Institute of Science and Technology,
More informationWhere We Are. Today: Finish up Chapter 4, hopefully! Discussion: Alternative fuels, the benefits of conservation Where to go next?
Where We Are Today: Finish up Chapter 4, hopefully! Discussion: Alternative fuels, the benefits of conservation Where to go next? Thursday: Start in on Chapter 5, The Water We Drink. Quiz! NEXT Thursday:
More informationEMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H6DO
EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H6DO SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission
More informationMEB THERMAL ENGINEERING - I QUESTION BANK UNIT-I PART-A
MEB 420 - THERMAL ENGINEERING - I QUESTION BANK UNIT-I Each question carries 1 mark. PART-A 1. Define temperature. 2. Define intensive property 3. Explain the term absolute zero of temperature 4. State
More informationPRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry)
PRACTICE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR 1.6 ALKANES (includes some questions from 1.5 Introduction to Organic Chemistry) 1. (a) Name the process used to separate petroleum into fractions....... Give the molecular
More informationFuels are materials that are used to create energy. They may be
4 THINK GREEN: Alternative Fuels Alternative Fuels: An Introduction Fuels are materials that are used to create energy. They may be burned or used up in other ways. For example, car engines burn gasoline
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationDistillation process of Crude oil
Distillation process of Crude oil Abdullah Al Ashraf; Abdullah Al Aftab 2012 Crude oil is a fossil fuel, it was made naturally from decaying plants and animals living in ancient seas millions of years
More informationM1.(a) C 6 H [5] Page 2. PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M.(a) C 6 H 4 (b) A (c) B (d) C (e) Propanol [5] Page 2 M2.(a) more than one line from test negates the mark (b) (i) place a lighted splint at the mouth of the tube there is a squeaky pop dependent on
More informationThe Low Emissions Toolkit
Mark Jackson, CERC ADMS 4, ADMS-Urban and ADMS-Roads User Group Meeting 21 st October 2010 Cambridge Overview CERC, TTR, and RPS are working for the Low Emissions Strategies Partnership to produce a Low
More informationEMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4DOTC
EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4DOTC SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission
More information2007 Emissions: Fundamentals
A N AV I S TA R C O M PA N Y 2007 Emissions: Fundamentals Study Guide TMT-100718 Study Guide 2007 Emissions: Fundamentals TMT-100718 2007 International Truck and Engine Corporation 4201 Winfield Road,
More informationPerformance of a Compression-Ignition Engine Using Direct-Injection of Liquid Ammonia/DME Mixture
Performance of a Compression-Ignition Engine Using Direct-Injection of Liquid Ammonia/DME Mixture Song-Charng Kong Matthias Veltman, Christopher Gross Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER BLEND WITH ADITIVE DIETHYL ETHER (DEE)
International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 2, February 214 PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationVALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE
VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE Page 1 of 13 EFFECT OF VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM ON VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY: Qu. 1:Why Inlet valve is closed after the Bottom Dead Centre
More informationINTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE
INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE Engine: An engine is motor which converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Fuel/petrol engine: A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is
More informationCHEMISTRY 135. Biodiesel Production and Analysis
CHEMISTRY 135 General Chemistry II Biodiesel Production and Analysis The energy content of biodiesel can be roughly estimated with a simple laboratory apparatus. What features of biodiesel make it an attractive
More informationNew Topic Fuels and Climate Chemistry. Think what is the connection between a leaf and coal?
New Topic Fuels and Climate Chemistry Think what is the connection between a leaf and coal? S3 Chemistry Fuels and Climate Chemistry Lesson 1 REVISION By investigating renewable energy sources and taking
More informationChem(Bio) Week 10 Bomb Calorimetry of Biodiesel
Lab Overview: Water/ check status plants (at some point) Biodiesel Workup (may not be necessary) Bomb Calorimetry of biodiesel (calorimeter calibration will be necessary) IR spectroscopy of biodiesel (possibly
More informationME 74 AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION AND CONTROL Automobile Engineering-vii sem Question Bank( )
ME 74 AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION AND CONTROL Automobile Engineering-vii sem Question Bank(2013-2014) UNIT I INTRODUCTION 1. How the transient operation of S.I engine will cause CO formation? (may /June 2007)
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationWe re Going Global ETHANOL
Technical Notes #38 We re Going Global ETHANOL What is Ethanol? Ethanol is clean-burning, high-octane alcohol-based fuel made by fermenting and distilling starch crops, such as corn or sugar cane. It can
More informationPower Performance and Exhaust Gas Analyses of Palm Oil and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Diesel Engine
ICCBT28 Power Performance and Exhaust Gas Analyses of Palm Oil and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Diesel Engine R. Adnan *, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, MALAYSIA I. M. Azree, Universiti Tenaga
More informationEMISSIONS CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AMMONIA-GASOLINE SI ENGINE
EMISSIONS CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AMMONIA-GASOLINE SI ENGINE By Shawn Grannell Dennis Assanis Don Gillespie Stanislav Bohac University of Michigan Mechanical Engineering Dept. & Applied Physics Program
More informationExperimental investigation of ethanol-gasoline dual-fuel on particle emissions at the exhaust of a small displacement engine
Experimental investigation of ethanol-gasoline dual-fuel on particle emissions at the exhaust of a small displacement engine F. Catapano, S. Di Iorio, P. Sementa, B. M. Vaglieco Istituto Motori CNR, Naples
More informationEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN BLENDING ON THE CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM A FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN BLENDING ON THE CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM A FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE Haroun A. K. Shahad hakshahad@yahoo.com Department of mechanical
More informationEFFECT OF STEAM INJECTION ON NO X EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE FUELLED WITH SOY METHYL ESTER
S473 EFFECT OF STEAM INJECTION ON NO X EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE FUELLED WITH SOY METHYL ESTER by Madhavan V. MANICKAM a*, Senthilkumar DURAISAMY a, Mahalingam SELVARAJ
More informationStudy on Emission Characteristics Test of Diesel Engine Operating on. Diesel/Methanol Blends
Study on Emission Characteristics Test of Diesel Engine Operating on Diesel/Methanol Blends Yuanhua Jia1, a, Guifu Wu2,b, Enhui Xing3,c,Ping Hang 4,d,Wanjiang Wu5e 1,2,3, 4,5 College of Mechanical Engineering
More informationFull Load Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Isobutanol Blends
Adrian Irimescu ANALELE UNIVERSITĂłII EFTIMIE MURGU REŞIłA ANUL XVI, NR. 1, 2009, ISSN 1453-7397 Full Load Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Isobutanol Blends With fossil fuels
More informationPromising Alternative Fuels for Improving Emissions from Future Vehicles
Promising Alternative Fuels for Improving Emissions from Future Vehicles Research Seminar: CTS Environment and Energy in Transportation Council Will Northrop 12/17/2014 Outline 1. Alternative Fuels Overview
More informationCOMBUSTION CHEMISTRY & EMISSION ANALYSIS
Section 3 COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY & EMISSION ANALYSIS Introduction to Combustion Chemistry The gasoline powered internal combustion engine takes air from the atmosphere and gasoline, a hydrocarbon fuel, and
More informationTIER 3 MOTOR VEHICLE FUEL STANDARDS FOR DENATURED FUEL ETHANOL
2016 TIER 3 MOTOR VEHICLE FUEL STANDARDS FOR DENATURED FUEL ETHANOL This document was prepared by the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA). The information, though believed to be accurate at the time of publication,
More informationCO 2 Emissions: A Campus Comparison
Journal of Service Learning in Conservation Biology 3:4-8 Rachel Peacher CO 2 Emissions: A Campus Comparison Abstract Global warming, little cash inflow, and over-crowded parking lots are three problems
More informationDevelopment, Implementation, and Validation of a Fuel Impingement Model for Direct Injected Fuels with High Enthalpy of Vaporization
Development, Implementation, and Validation of a Fuel Impingement Model for Direct Injected Fuels with High Enthalpy of Vaporization (SAE Paper- 2009-01-0306) Craig D. Marriott PE, Matthew A. Wiles PE,
More informationModule 2:Genesis and Mechanism of Formation of Engine Emissions Lecture 3: Introduction to Pollutant Formation POLLUTANT FORMATION
Module 2:Genesis and Mechanism of Formation of Engine Emissions POLLUTANT FORMATION The Lecture Contains: Engine Emissions Typical Exhaust Emission Concentrations Emission Formation in SI Engines Emission
More informationEmission from gasoline powered vehicles are classified as 1. Exhaust emission 2. Crank case emission 3. Evaporative emission. Table 1.
Introduction: Main three types of automotive vehicle being used 1. Passenger cars powered by four stroke gasoline engines 2. Motor cycles, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small two stroke
More informationEEN-E2002 Combustion Technology 2017 LE 3 answers
EEN-E2002 Combustion Technology 2017 LE 3 answers 1. Plot the following graphs from LEO-1 engine with data (Excel_sheet_data) attached on my courses? (12 p.) a. Draw cyclic pressure curve. Also non-fired
More informationAlternative Fuels for Cars. Ian D. Miller Theodore Roosevelt Elem.
Alternative Fuels for Cars Ian D. Miller Theodore Roosevelt Elem. The Problem Everyone is running out of petroleum. We get lots of things from it: gasoline, plastic, diesel, and any number of other things.
More informationBiodiesel and Renewable Fuels
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Biodiesel and Renewable Fuels Bob McCormick Denver, Colorado June 11, 2003 robert_mccormick@nrel.gov 303-275-4432 Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Midwest
More informationModule 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Lecture 14:Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions
Module 3: Influence of Engine Design and Operating Parameters on Emissions Effect of SI Engine Design and Operating Variables on Emissions The Lecture Contains: SI Engine Variables and Emissions Compression
More informationAn Experimental Study on the Equivalence Ratio of Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel Blends in Small Diesel Engine
Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci., Vol 4 [1] December 2014: 40-44 2014 Academy for Environment and Life Sciences, India Online ISSN 2277-1808 Journal
More informationThe fuel of the future...available today. Clean, Abundant, American NATURAL GAS
The fuel of the future...available today Clean, Abundant, American NATURAL GAS Apache CNG Natural gas the cleanest-burning fossil fuel is used every day in industrial activity, to generate electricity,
More informationBy: Hailey French Jacob Dalati Josh Dyer Instructor: Melody Thomas Physics and Human Affairs
By: Hailey French Jacob Dalati Josh Dyer Instructor: Melody Thomas Physics and Human Affairs Types of Biofuels Bio-alcohols- fuels obtained from plants or other biological resources (non-petroleum) Bio
More informationC1.4 CRUDE OIL AND FUELS / C1.5 PRODUCTS FROM OIL
C1.4 CRUDE OIL AND FUELS / C1.5 PRODUCTS FROM OIL South Axholme School Q1. To make a plastic, such as poly(ethene), from crude oil involves many processes. Describe how crude oil is separated into fractions.
More information2.61 Internal Combustion Engine Final Examination. Open book. Note that Problems 1 &2 carry 20 points each; Problems 3 &4 carry 10 points each.
2.61 Internal Combustion Engine Final Examination Open book. Note that Problems 1 &2 carry 20 points each; Problems 3 &4 carry 10 points each. Problem 1 (20 points) Ethanol has been introduced as the bio-fuel
More informationEMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4SO
EMISSION CONTROL (AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES) H4SO SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1. System Overview There are three emission control systems, which are as follows: Crankcase emission control system Exhaust emission
More informationState of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal Combustion Engines
State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal Combustion Engines July 1997 State of New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Air Quality Permitting Program State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal
More informationPerformance Test of IC Engine Using Blends of Ethanol and Kerosene with Diesel
Performance Test of IC Engine Using Blends of Ethanol and Kerosene with Diesel Er. Milind S Patil 1, Dr. R. S. Jahagirdar 2, Er. Eknath R Deore 3, 1. Sr. Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering 2. Principal
More informationProject Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM DAIRY WASH WATER SCUM THROUGH HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TBC DIESEL ENGINE FOR DIFFERENT DIESEL AND METHANOL BLEND RATIOS Project Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF CI ENGINE FUELLED WITH THE BLENDS OF PALM OIL METHYL ESTERS AND DIESEL
ISSN: 2455-2631 July 217 IJSDR Volume 2, Issue 7 PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF CI ENGINE FUELLED WITH THE BLENDS OF PALM OIL METHYL ESTERS AND DIESEL 1 K.Sandeep Kumar, 2 Taj, 3 B. Prashanth Assistant
More informationPresented by: Richard M. Cestone, PE, CHMM Senior Project Engineer Remington & Vernick Engineers For New Jersey Water Environment Association
Presented by: Richard M. Cestone, PE, CHMM Senior Project Engineer Remington & Vernick Engineers For New Jersey Water Environment Association Conference May 8, 2018 What is Formaldehyde? Formaldehyde
More informationThe Need for Alternative Fuel Sources: Biodiesel and Other Options. Jill Burrows 11/21/05
The Need for Alternative Fuel Sources: Biodiesel and Other Options Jill Burrows 11/21/05 Diesel Engines 94% of all goods in the Unites States are transported by vehicles with diesel powered engines Used
More informationENVO DIESEL TEST ON AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE AN ANALYSIS OF ITS PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS RESULTS
International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), Vol. 3 (2008), No.1, 55-60. ENVO DIESEL TEST ON AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE AN ANALYSIS OF ITS PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS RESULTS M.A. Kalam,
More informationPROGRESS HYBRID WOODSTOCK SOAPSTONE STOVES OWNER S MANUAL MODEL 209. Tested To UL 1482 Listed By Intertek Report #
PROGRESS HYBRID MODEL 209 WOODSTOCK SOAPSTONE STOVES OWNER S MANUAL Tested To UL 1482 Listed By Intertek Report #4004457 Woodstock Soapstone Company, Inc. 66 Airpark Road, West Lebanon, NH 03784 Toll Free
More information(2) An engine subject to this rule or specifically exempt by Subsection (b)(1) of this rule shall not be subject to Rule 68.
RULE 69.4. STATIONARY RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - REASONABLY AVAILABLE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY (Adopted 9/27/94; Rev. Effective11/15/00; Rev. Effective 7/30/03) (a) APPLICABILITY (1) Except
More informationFuel Terminology & Definitions
Fuel Terminology & Definitions The key to understanding racing fuels is to have a good understanding of the principles of combustion and fuels. Let s look at some of these principles.. OCTANE Octane: A
More informationRenewable and Low Carbon Fuel Requirements Regulation Summary:
Summary: 2010-2017 British Columbia s (Regulation) resulted in the avoidance of over 1.36 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions globally in 2017, and a total of 7.73 million tonnes between 2010 and
More informationEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON 4 STROKE SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE BLENDED WITH TYRE OIL
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON 4 STROKE SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE BLENDED WITH TYRE OIL D.Sravani 1, R.Jyothu Naik 2, P. Srinivasa Rao 3 1 M.Tech Student, Mechanical Engineering, Narasaraopet Engineering
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL Diesel engines are the primary power source of vehicles used in heavy duty applications. The heavy duty engine includes buses, large trucks, and off-highway construction
More informationRenewable and Low Carbon Fuel Requirements Regulation Summary:
Summary: 2010-2016 British Columbia s (Regulation) resulted in the avoidance of over 1.13 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions in 2016, and a total of 6.37 million tonnes between 2010 and 2016. This
More informationThompson D. Metzka Lanzanova, MSc. Horácio Antonio Vielmo, DSc Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil
South American GT-SUITE Conference June 2013 Thompson D. Metzka Lanzanova, MSc. Horácio Antonio Vielmo, DSc Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil Mario Eduardo Santos Martins, Phd Rafael Sari
More informationLearning Guide EMISSION SPECIALIST 5 GAS ANALYSIS COURSE NUMBER: E001-01
Learning Guide EMISSION SPECIALIST 5 GAS ANALYSIS COURSE NUMBER: E001-01 Notice Due to the wide range of vehicles makes and models, the information given during the class will be general in nature and
More information