IP RESEARCH REPORT THE EFFECT OF NITRATE ANTI-SOURING TREATMENT ON CORROSION OF MILD STEEL
|
|
- Millicent Jocelyn Stanley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 IP RESEARCH REPORT THE EFFECT OF NITRATE ANTI-SOURING TREATMENT ON CORROSION OF MILD STEEL
2
3 IP RESEARCH REPORT THE EFFECT OF NITRATE ANTI-SOURING TREATMENT ON CORROSION OF MILD STEEL November 2006 Published by ENERGY INSTITUTE, LONDON The Energy Institute is a professional membership body incorporated by Royal Charter 2003 Registered charity number
4 The Energy Institute gratefully acknowledges the financial contributions towards the scientific and technical programme from the following companies: BG Group BHP Billiton Limited BP Exploration Operating Co Ltd BP Oil UK Ltd Chevron ConocoPhillips Ltd ENI ExxonMobil International Ltd Kuwait Petroleum International Ltd Maersk Oil North Sea UK Limited Murco Petroleum Ltd Nexen Shell UK Oil Products Limited Shell U.K. Exploration and Production Ltd Statoil (U.K.) Limited Talisman Energy (UK) Ltd Total E&P UK plc Total UK Limited Copyright 2006 by the Energy Institute, London: The Energy Institute is a professional membership body incorporated by Royal Charter Registered charity number , England All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, or transmitted or translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher. The information contained in this publication is provided as guidance only and while every reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of its contents, the Energy Institute cannot accept any responsibility for any action taken, or not taken, on the basis of this information. The Energy Institute shall not be liable to any person for any loss or damage which may arise from the use of any of the information contained in any of its publications. The above disclaimer is not intended to restrict or exclude liability for death or personal injury caused by own negligence. ISBN Published by the Energy Institute Further copies can be obtained from Portland Customer Services, Commerce Way, Whitehall Industrial Estate, Colchester CO2 8HP, UK. Tel: +44 (0) sales@portland-services.com
5 CONTENTS Acknowledgements... vii Page Executive summary... viii 1 Introduction and project objectives Project objectives Technical background Effect of nitrate/nitrite biological treatment The denitrifying bacteria Sulphide removal in the presence of NO 3- /NO The effect of nitrate/nitrite treatment on corrosion The detrimental role of nitrite Environmental, health and safety considerations Financial considerations Experimental work Preliminary tests Water composition Replenishment model Shear stress modelling Results and discussion Worst-case scenario Microbial enumeration Ammonia production Thiosulphate measurements Effect on redox potential (Eh) Effect on ph Nitrate monitoring v
6 Contents Cont... Page 6.8 Biological generation of nitrite Carbon source and sulphate Biological generation of sulphide Weight loss corrosion measurements Surface film (ESEM/EDX and XRD analyses) Microscopic examination LPR corrosion rate Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Electrochemical noise measurements Summary of findings Corrosion rate effects Surface film effects Biochemical effects Conclusions Guidelines with respect to corrosion control during nitrate treatment Glossary of specialist terms References Figures Annexes Annex A: ph Adjustment procedures Annex B: Sulphide testing and calibration curve vi
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Energy Institute wishes to record its appreciation of the work carried out by Dr Tony Rizk of CAPCIS Ltd (currently works for Saudi Aramco) as principal author of The effect of nitrate anti-souring treatment on corrosion of mild steel. This project was steered through to completion by the Energy Institute s Microbiology Committee, chaired by Mr Graham Hill of ECHA Microbiology Ltd. Members of the Microbiology Committee include: Ms P A Carberry Prof M Coleman Dr B Crook Dr C Devine Dr B Dunsmore Dr B N Herbert Mr G Hill Ms K Hoad Mr D Kadlecek Mr A Kitson-Smith Dr J W J Koenig Ms E McFarlane Mr M Maeso Dr T Rizk Dr J Stott QinetiQ The University of Reading Health & Safety Executive Commercial Microbiology Ltd Oilplus Ltd Consultant ECHA Microbiology Ltd (Chairman) Energy Institute ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd Consultant Shell Energy Institute CAPCIS Ltd CAPCIS Ltd Further contributions were provided by: Mr D Thrasher BP The Energy Institute would also like to thank the following companies for their input: CAPCIS Shell Yara vii
8 1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT OBJECTIVES The last few years have seen a major shift toward nitrate treatment for the selective control of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and associated biogenic generation of hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S). The change in operator practice was boosted by the recent field successes reported in the North Sea. Currently, nitrate is used by many operators and in almost all major regions of oil production including North America, South America, Middle East and additional operators in the North Sea. Carbon steel is still by far the most commonly used material in injection systems and the petroleum industry in general. Highly toxic organic biocides have been the traditional method of controlling corrosion in the injector. However, tougher health and safety regulations and increasing produced water re-injection (PWRI) practices have brought new challenges to, in many cases, ageing installations. The use of nitrate to both prevent and mitigate biogenic reservoir souring in the water zones of oil reservoirs has raised concern about the possible effect on the integrity of tubulars. This was further fuelled by the conflicting information available on the effect of nitrate on corrosion. The Microbiology Committee of the Energy Institute (previously the Institute of Petroleum) commissioned this multi-phase study to investigate the effect of nitrate on corrosion. If unquantified, the concern about corrosion could lead to undesirable practices such as the concurrent injection of biocide (to control injector corrosion) and nitrate (to control reservoir souring). Such a practice would divest the nitrate technology of its two most valuable features of being environmentally friendly and comparatively inexpensive. This independent study was a part of the Microbiology Committee s leading role in promoting good practices, greener alternatives and improved understanding of industrial microbiology. It was conducted in three consecutive stages over a three-year period: Phase I was an assessment of the worst-case scenario in terms of ph and carbon availability on nitrite generation. In Phase II, the effect of the worst-case scenario on corrosion obtained from Phase I, was further evaluated under conditions of continuous fluid replenishment. Phase III was an assessment of the worst-case scenario and continuous replenishment on corrosion under the simulated hydrodynamic conditions of the injector including shear stress (t w ). Both real seawater and real produced water were used in the investigation programme. The produced water was provided by an oil company s production field in the North Sea and selected because it was free of additives that could confuse the work and affect bacterial activity. The study also assessed the effect of various PWRI scenarios including: 1. Control (nitrate-free), SRB population. 2. Continuously nitrate-treated from onset. 1
9 THE EFFECT OF NITRATE ANTI-SOURING TREATMENT ON CORROSION OF MILD STEEL 3. Delayed treatment, nitrate addition to an SRB biofilm. 4. Interrupted nitrate treatment. This document provides a summary of the experimental work and findings with guidelines to operators on the use of the nitrate to combat SRB and associated reservoir souring. For further details of the experimental work, please refer to the interim reports produced at the end of each phase. Phase III is regarded the most representative of field conditions and as such it is given more weight ininterpreting the data particularly when some discrepancy between the results of different phases was observed. 1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES The aim of the evaluation programme was to investigate the effect of nitrate anti-souring treatment on the corrosion of carbon steel injection pipework. The study was supported by chemical and microbial analyses to ensure an active microbial population representative of the commingled produced water and seawater. 2
A MODEL SYLLABUS FOR THE TRAINING OF TECHNICIANS INVOLVED IN THE EXAMINATION, TESTING, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF PETROLEUM ROAD TANKERS
A MODEL SYLLABUS FOR THE TRAINING OF TECHNICIANS INVOLVED IN THE EXAMINATION, TESTING, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF PETROLEUM ROAD TANKERS A MODEL SYLLABUS FOR THE TRAINING OF TECHNICIANS INVOLVED IN THE
More informationTHE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN AND PROTECTION OF PRESSURE SYSTEMS TO WITHSTAND SEVERE FIRES
THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN AND PROTECTION OF PRESSURE SYSTEMS TO WITHSTAND SEVERE FIRES THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN AND PROTECTION OF PRESSURE SYSTEMS
More informationINSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM RESEARCH REPORT INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LUBRICITY ADDITIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FILTER/WATER SEPARATORS
INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM RESEARCH REPORT INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LUBRICITY ADDITIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FILTER/WATER SEPARATORS Daniel E. Kadlecek 1 March 2003 1 ExxonMobil Research & Engineering
More informationCode of practice for petroleum road tanker vapour collection systems and equipment used in unloading operations
Code of practice for petroleum road tanker vapour collection systems and equipment used in unloading operations CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PETROLEUM ROAD TANKER VAPOUR COLLECTION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT USED IN
More informationGUIDELINES FOR UPLIFT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM FILLING STATION AND CUSTOMER STORAGE TANKS
GUIDELINES FOR UPLIFT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM FILLING STATION AND CUSTOMER STORAGE TANKS GUIDELINES FOR UPLIFT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM FILLING STATION AND CUSTOMER STORAGE TANKS 2nd edition January
More informationAn investigation of mortality and cancer incidence in United Kingdom oil refinery workers,
An investigation of mortality and cancer incidence in United Kingdom oil refinery workers, 1951 2011 AN INVESTIGATION OF MORTALITY AND CANCER INCIDENCE IN UNITED KINGDOM OIL REFINERY WORKERS, 1951 2011
More informationINSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM TESTING OF VAPOUR CONTAINMENT ON PETROLEUM ROAD TANKERS
INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM TESTING OF VAPOUR CONTAINMENT ON PETROLEUM ROAD TANKERS INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM TESTING OF VAPOUR CONTAINMENT ON PETROLEUM ROAD TANKERS April 2001 Published by The Institute of Petroleum,
More informationEI Research Report. Investigation of microbiological susceptibility of biodiesel and biodiesel blends
EI Research Report Investigation of microbiological susceptibility of biodiesel and biodiesel blends EI RESEARCH REPORT INVESTIGATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BIODIESEL AND BIODIESEL BLENDS
More informationPETROLEUM MEASUREMENT MANUAL THE PERFORMANCE OF TURBINE METERS IN LOADING GANTRIES - A REVIEW OF PROVING AND TEST DATA
THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PETROLEUM MEASUREMENT MANUAL THE PERFORMANCE OF TURBINE METERS IN LOADING GANTRIES - A REVIEW OF PROVING AND TEST DATA Petroleum Measurement Paper No. 9 THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM
More informationPART XV Metering Systems SECTION 2 GUIDE TO GAS METERING SYSTEMS
THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PETROLEUM MEASUREMENT MANUAL PART XV Metering Systems SECTION 2 GUIDE TO GAS METERING SYSTEMS THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PETROLEUM MEASUREMENT MANUAL PART XV Metering Systems
More informationDesign, construction and operation of workshops for petroleum road tanker maintenance. 4th edition
Design, construction and operation of workshops for petroleum road tanker maintenance 4th edition DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF WORKSHOPS FOR PETROLEUM ROAD TANKER MAINTENANCE Fourth edition March
More informationIdentification markings for dedicated aviation fuel manufacturing and distribution facilities, airport storage and mobile fuelling equipment
API/IP Standard 1542 Identification markings for dedicated aviation fuel manufacturing and distribution facilities, airport storage and mobile fuelling equipment 8th edition An IP Publication Published
More informationGuidelines for the design and operation of petrol vapour emission controls at distribution terminals. 4th edition
Guidelines for the design and operation of petrol vapour emission controls at distribution terminals 4th edition GUIDELINES FOR THE DESIGN AND OPERATION OF PETROL VAPOUR EMISSION CONTROLS AT DISTRIBUTION
More informationTHE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PROCEDURES FOR THE RECLAIM OF DUTY ON RECOVERED VAPOUR AT DUTY SUSPENDED INSTALLATIONS
THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PROCEDURES FOR THE RECLAIM OF DUTY ON RECOVERED VAPOUR AT DUTY SUSPENDED INSTALLATIONS THE INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM PROCEDURES FOR THE RECLAIM OF DUTY ON RECOVERED VAPOUR AT DUTY
More informationGuidance for the storage and handling of fuel grade ethanol mixtures at petroleum distribution installations
Guidance for the storage and handling of fuel grade ethanol mixtures at petroleum distribution installations GUIDANCE FOR THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FUEL GRADE ETHANOL MIXTURES AT PETROLEUM DISTRIBUTION
More informationLEUKAEMIA RISKS IN RELATION TO BENZENE EXPOSURE. Report of a meeting held on 22 nd October, 2002
LEUKAEMIA RISKS IN RELATION TO BENZENE EXPOSURE Report of a meeting held on 22 nd October, 2002 LEUKAEMIA RISKS IN RELATION TO BENZENE EXPOSURE Report of a meeting held on 22 nd October, 2002 April 2003
More informationIP RESEARCH REPORT IGNITION PROBABILITY REVIEW, MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND LOOK-UP CORRELATIONS
IP RESEARCH REPORT IGNITION PROBABILITY REVIEW, MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND LOOK-UP CORRELATIONS IP RESEARCH REPORT IGNITION PROBABILITY REVIEW, MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND LOOK-UP CORRELATIONS January 2006 Published
More informationEI Minimum criteria to determine acceptability of additives for use in multi-product pipelines co-transporting jet fuel.
EI 1535 Minimum criteria to determine acceptability of additives for use in multi-product pipelines co-transporting jet fuel 3rd edition EI 1535 MINIMUM CRITERIA TO DETERMINE ACCEPTABILITY OF ADDITIVES
More informationEI Specification Laboratory tests and minimum performance levels for aviation fuel dirt defence filters. 2nd edition
EI Specification 1599 Laboratory tests and minimum performance levels for aviation fuel dirt defence filters 2nd edition EI SPECIFICATION 1599 LABORATORY TESTS AND MINIMUM PERFORMANCE LEVELS FOR AVIATION
More informationEI Specification Four-inch hydrant system components and arrangements. 4th edition
EI Specification 1584 Four-inch hydrant system components and arrangements 4th edition EI SPECIFICATION 1584 FOUR-INCH HYDRANT SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND ARRANGEMENTS 4th edition May 2017 Published by Energy
More informationFuel and Fuel System Microbiology-- Fundamentals,
Fuel and Fuel System Microbiology-- Fundamentals, Diagnosis, and Contamination Control Frederick J. Passman, Editor ASTM Manual Series: Mnl 47 ASTM Stock No: MNL47 @ ml'~at~ ASTM International 100 Barr
More informationDiesel Fuel Additives. Technology Differentiation
Diesel Fuel Additives Technology Differentiation Additive Objectives Conventional Diesel Fuel Additives Designed to clean downstream of fuel supply Boost cetane rating to increase BTU s Detergents clean
More informationQuality Improvement of Photovoltaic Testing Laboratories in Developing Countries
Quality Improvement of Photovoltaic Testing Laboratories in Developing Countries Gobind H. Atmaram James D. Roland Florida Solar Energy Center Cocoa, Florida, USA Copyright 2001 The International Bank
More informationDesign, construction, modification, maintenance and decommissioning of filling stations
Design, construction, modification, maintenance and decommissioning of filling stations 3rd edition Jointly published by the APEA 3rd edition APEA/EI DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, MODIFICATION, MAINTENANCE AND
More informationAustralian Standard. Pneumatic fluid power General requirements for systems (ISO 4414:1998, MOD) AS AS 2788
AS 2788 2002 AS 2788 Australian Standard Pneumatic fluid power General requirements for systems (ISO 4414:1998, MOD) This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee ME-035, Fluid Power Systems and Components.
More informationBoiler Efficiency and Safety
Boiler Efficiency and Safety Some potential savings from following advice in this book First, enhanced safety saves life and health Savings of S to 10 per cent on fuel costs are often possible at little
More informationThis document is a preview generated by EVS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13073-3 First edition 2016-06-01 Ships and marine technology Risk assessment on anti-fouling systems on ships Part 3: Human health risk assessment method of biocidally active
More informationThe quality of aviation fuel available in the United Kingdom. Annual surveys 2009 to CRC project no. AV-18-14
The quality of aviation fuel available in the United Kingdom Annual surveys 2009 to 2013 CRC project no. AV-18-14 THE QUALITY OF AVIATION FUEL AVAILABLE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ANNUAL SURVEYS 2009 TO 2013
More information68-253/Issue 1 (DERD 2491) 1 August 1997
Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 68-25/Issue 1 (DERD 2491) 1 August 1997 FLUIDS, AVIATION, THRUST AUGMENTATION JOINT SERVICE DESIGNATION: AL-28 AND WTA This Defence Standard supersedes DERD 2491 Issue
More informationThe oil fields in the NCS are located in the North Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Barents Sea.
A.2 Norway Volumes of Associated Gas Flared on Norwegian Continental Shelf Norway is a major oil producer, and its oil fields are located offshore in the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS). 81 In 2002,
More informationCONCAWE Project Update: Heavy Fuel Oil (UN 3082) - air emissions and worker exposure during barge loading
CONCAWE Project Update: Heavy Fuel Oil (UN 3082) - air emissions and worker exposure during barge loading (Shell) for Concawe ADN Safety Committee 28 Aug. 2013 Presentation contents 1. Project background
More informationRefineries Table of Contents
Refineries Dec 18 Refineries Table of Contents Refineries Table of Contents Contents: Page # National Fuel Consumption Product Wise 3 Demand and Supply POL Products 4 Local Refineries POL Volume Sales
More informationTRAFFIC SIMULATION IN REGIONAL MODELING: APPLICATION TO THE INTERSTATEE INFRASTRUCTURE NEAR THE TOLEDO SEA PORT
MICHIGAN OHIO UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTER Alternate energy and system mobility to stimulate economic development. Report No: MIOH UTC TS41p1-2 2012-Final TRAFFIC SIMULATION IN REGIONAL MODELING: APPLICATION
More informationIndustry guidance on monitoring and control of microbial contamination in the aviation fuel supply chain
Industry guidance on monitoring and control of microbial contamination in the aviation fuel supply chain DLA Energy Worldwide Energy Conference Gaylord Convention Center April 11th 2017 Leon O Malley,
More informationESTIMATION OF VEHICLE KILOMETERS TRAVELLED IN SRI LANKA. Darshika Anojani Samarakoon Jayasekera
ESTIMATION OF VEHICLE KILOMETERS TRAVELLED IN SRI LANKA Darshika Anojani Samarakoon Jayasekera (108610J) Degree of Master of Engineering in Highway & Traffic Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
More informationSOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
ISBN 978-0-626-23806-3 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD The handling, storage, distribution and maintenance of liquefied petroleum gas in domestic, commercial and industrial installations Part 4: The transportation
More informationAviation Fuels & Additives
Aviation Fuels & Additives Training Course Aviation Fuels & Additives Training Course 1 2 Aviation Fuels & Additives Training Course Aviation Fuels & Additives Training Course Aviation Fuels & Additive
More informationInternal Audit Report. Fuel Consumption Oversight and Coordination TxDOT Internal Audit Division
Internal Audit Report Fuel Consumption Oversight and Coordination TxDOT Internal Audit Division Objective To determine if a process exists to ensure retail fuel consumption is appropriately managed and
More informationAviation Fuels & Additives
Aviation Fuels & Additives Training Course 1 2 Course overview Course Overview Course Background Airbus are working in collaboration with the UK Government s Department for Business, Innovation & Skills
More informationTraffic Micro-Simulation Assisted Tunnel Ventilation System Design
Traffic Micro-Simulation Assisted Tunnel Ventilation System Design Blake Xu 1 1 Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia, Sydney 1 Introduction Road tunnels have recently been built in Sydney. One of key issues
More informationDistillate Fuel: Contamination, Storage, and Handling
STP 1005 Distillate Fuel: Contamination, Storage, and Handling Howard L. Chesneau and Michele M. Dorris ASTM 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Distillate
More informationREPORT No EN-S AJ
Pollution Control Consultancy and Design ALEX JOCHELSON ABN 71 776 800 318 MEMech MIEAust CPEng ( Reg ) Air, Noise and Water Pollution Assessment and Engineering Control Telephone: (02) 9238 2053 Facsimile:
More informationFluid Catalytic Cracking Course
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Course A Eurotek training course Free 6 months License for FCCTek Process Model for each Attendee. ERS Fluid Catalytic Cracking An introduction: The ERS FCC Training Course is
More informationThis document is a preview generated by EVS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13073-1 First edition 2012-08-01 Ships and marine technology Risk assessment on anti-fouling systems on ships Part 1: Marine environmental risk assessment method of biocidally
More informationONE YEAR ON: THE IMPACTS OF THE LONDON CONGESTION CHARGING SCHEME ON VEHICLE EMISSIONS
ONE YEAR ON: THE IMPACTS OF THE LONDON CONGESTION CHARGING SCHEME ON VEHICLE EMISSIONS Sean D Beevers and David C Carslaw Environmental Research Group, King s College London, 4 th Floor, Franklin Wilkins
More informationSCC Greenhouse Gas Assessment
SCC Greenhouse Gas Assessment April 2015 March 2016 Produced by CO2balance UK Ltd March 2017 CO2balance UK Ltd, 1 Discovery House, Cook Way, Bindon Road, Taunton, Somerset, TA2 6BJ, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1823
More informationj2 Universal Tool Kit Software in a Performance Prediction Role
j2 Universal Tool Kit Software in a Performance Prediction Role The j2 Universal Tool-Kit Performance Plug-in Derives Even More Value From The Leading Aircraft Design, Analysis and Aircraft Modelling Software
More informationPart 1. Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles
Part 1 Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles Macmillan Motor Vehicle Craft Studies Series Part 1 Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles Editor Authors Roy Brooks Formerly Senior Lecturer in Motor Vehicle
More informationMETRO NORTH TRANSMISSION STUDY ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELD PROFILES (VILLAGE OF ANMORE)
METRO NORTH TRANSMISSION STUDY ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELD PROFILES (VILLAGE OF ANMORE) File: T2016-6004 METRO NORTH TRANSMISSION STUDY ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELD PROFILES METRO NORTH TRANSMISSION STUDY
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationThe influence of fuel injection pump malfunctions of a marine 4-stroke Diesel engine on composition of exhaust gases
Article citation info: LEWIŃSKA, J. The influence of fuel injection pump malfunctions of a marine 4-stroke Diesel engine on composition of exhaust gases. Combustion Engines. 2016, 167(4), 53-57. doi:10.19206/ce-2016-405
More informationFRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY ICT REDOX-FLOW BATTERY
FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY ICT REDOX-FLOW BATTERY REDOX-FLOW BATTERY REDOX-FLOW BATTERY Redox-flow batteries are efficient and have a longer service life than conventional batteries.
More informationBefore we begin
Before we begin 1 Before we begin 3 1 2 2 Unconventional Oil & Gas Series: Deepwater and Arctic Drilling Alberto Serna Martín Associate Analyst, Sustainalytics Jeremy Kent Research Associate, Allianz Global
More informationSKF Grease injection system
1-4101-EN SKF Grease injection system Grease injecting lubrication system type GVP for moving conveyor chain pins and rollers The grease injecting lubrication system GVP has been developed to carry out
More informationEEVC Report to EC DG Enterprise Regarding the Revision of the Frontal and Side Impact Directives January 2000
EEVC Report to EC DG Enterprise Regarding the Revision of the Frontal and Side Impact Directives January 2000 EEVC Report to EC DG Enterprise Regarding the Revision of the Frontal and Side Impact Directives
More informationNortheast Autonomous and Connected Vehicle Summit
Northeast Autonomous and Connected Vehicle Summit June 12, 2018 Cathie Curtis, Director, Vehicle Programs AAMVA 1 1 Founded in 1933, the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) represents
More informationEngine Coolant Testing: Fourth Volume
STP 1335 Engine Coolant Testing: Fourth Volume Roy E. Beal, editor ASTM Stock #: STP1335 ASTM 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshoshocken, PA 19428-2959 Printed in the U.S.A. ISBN: 0-8031-2610-7 ISSN: 1050-7523
More informationOutlook for Marine Bunkers and Fuel Oil to 2025 Sourcing Lower Sulphur Products
Outlook for Marine Bunkers and Fuel Oil to 2025 Sourcing Lower Sulphur Products NOW AVAILABLE Increasing pressure from governments to address the issue of sulphur levels in ships bunkers has led IMO to
More informationNumerical Study on the Flow Characteristics of a Solenoid Valve for Industrial Applications
Numerical Study on the Flow Characteristics of a Solenoid Valve for Industrial Applications TAEWOO KIM 1, SULMIN YANG 2, SANGMO KANG 3 1,2,4 Mechanical Engineering Dong-A University 840 Hadan 2 Dong, Saha-Gu,
More informationcommittee report General Permitted Development Order SPT response to consultation
committee report General Permitted Development Order SPT response to consultation Committee Strategy and Programmes Date of meeting 24 June 2011 Date of report 1 June 2011 Report by Assistant Chief Executive
More informationINFORMATION BULLETIN No. 165
Bulletin No. 165 Revision No. 03 Issue Date 05 Sep 2017 Effective Date 05 Sep 2017 INFORMATION BULLETIN No. 165 International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments,
More informationA new methodology for the experimental evaluation of organic friction reducers additives in high fuel economy engine oils. M.
A new methodology for the experimental evaluation of organic friction reducers additives in high fuel economy engine oils M. Lattuada Outline CO 2 emission scenario Engine oil: contribution to fuel economy
More informationRefining impact of the IMO bunker fuel sulphur decision
Refining impact of the IMO bunker fuel sulphur decision EGCSA Workshop 30 November 2016 Outline IMO Decision Fuel Availability Studies Fuel composition considerations Transition Refinery sulphur balance
More informationPresenters: Mr. Moresh Kolhe Mr. Babu Bhondave Mahindra & Mahindra (AFS) Copyright 2012 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. All rights reserved.
Presenters: Mr. Moresh Kolhe Mr. Babu Bhondave Mahindra & Mahindra (AFS) 1 Overview of Presentation Introduction. Objective. PST valve model using Simulink-Simscape. Results and Summary Summary 2 Introduction
More informationIMO REVIEW OF MEPC.1/CIRC.511 AND RELEVANT MARPOL ANNEX I AND ANNEX VI REQUIREMENTS. Comments on the Report of the Correspondence Group
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION E IMO SUB-COMMITTEE ON SHIP DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT 51st session Agenda item 18 DE 51/18/3 27 December 2007 Original: ENGLISH REVIEW OF MEPC.1/CIRC.511 AND RELEVANT MARPOL
More informationLearning Legacy Document
SUSTAINABILITY & CONSENTS Guidance on Diesel Engine Emissions from Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) and retrofitting with Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) Document History: Document Number: CR-XRL-T1-GUI-CR001-50005
More informationISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20847 First edition 2004-03-15 Petroleum products Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry Produits pétroliers Détermination
More informationCopyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere
More informationSUBSIDIARY BODY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVICE Fourteenth session Bonn, July 2001 Item 3 (b) of the provisional agenda
UNITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL 11 July 2001 ENGLISH ONLY SUBSIDIARY BODY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVICE Fourteenth session Bonn, 16-27 July 2001 Item 3 (b) of the provisional agenda REPORTS ON
More informationSOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
ISBN 978-0-626-32159-8 Any reference to SABS 1551-1 is deemed to be a reference to this standard (Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 November 2002) SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Check valves (flanged and
More informationINFORMATION BULLETIN No. 165
Bulletin No. 165 Revision No. 00 Issue Date 09 Jun 2017 Effective Date 09 Jun 2017 INFORMATION BULLETIN No. 165 International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments,
More informationAustralian Standard. Wind turbines. Part 2: Design requirements for small wind turbines. AS IEC IEC , Ed.2.
AS IEC 61400.2 2013 IEC 61400-2, Ed.2.0 (2006) AS IEC 61400.2 2013 Australian Standard Wind turbines Part 2: Design requirements for small wind turbines This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee
More informationAccommodating freight in Clean Air Zones
Policy Paper Accommodating freight in Clean Air Zones Road Haulage Association 8 August 2017 V 2 Accommodating freight in Clean Air Zones 1. The RHA is urging caution in applying widespread Clean Air Zones
More informationPolice Operations: Tachograph Equipment Inspection
Higher National Unit Specification General information for centres Unit code: F0N9 35 Unit purpose: This Unit is designed to enable candidates to analyse tachograph recording equipment and use the information
More informationHigher National Unit Specification. General information for centres. Electrical Motor Drive Systems. Unit code: DN4K 35
Higher National Unit Specification General information for centres Unit code: DN4K 35 Unit purpose: This Unit has been designed to allow candidates to develop a knowledge and understanding of electrical
More informationFRESH SOLUTIONS FOR PAINTS AND COATINGS
FRESH SOLUTIONS FOR PAINTS AND COATINGS SHELL GTL SOLVENTS ARE NEXT GENERATION, HIGH PURITY PARAFFINIC FLUIDS BASED ON INNOVATIVE GAS-TO-LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGY. Their unique synthetic composition, with low
More informationTemperature Life with or without Electrical Load Test Procedure for Electrical Connectors and Sockets
ANSI/EIA-364-17B-1999 Approved: April 23, 1999 EIA STANDARD EIA-364-17B TP-17B Temperature Life with or without Electrical Load Test Procedure for Electrical Connectors and Sockets EIA-364-17B (Revision
More informationQuality assurance requirements for the manufacture, storage and distribution of aviation fuels to airports EI/JIG STANDARD 1530
Quality assurance requirements for the manufacture, storage and distribution of aviation fuels to airports EI/JIG STANDARD 1530 Quality assurance requirements for the manufacture, storage and distribution
More informationSNZ TR 6120:2014. New Zealand Technical Report. Low voltage supply earthing systems SNZ TR 6120:2014
New Zealand Technical Report Low voltage supply earthing systems SNZ TR 6120:2014 COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION This technical report was prepared under the supervision of the LV Supply Earthing Systems Review
More informationCHEMSYSTEMS. Report Abstract. Petrochemical Market Dynamics Feedstocks
CHEMSYSTEMS PPE PROGRAM Report Abstract Petrochemical Market Dynamics Feedstocks Petrochemical feedstocks industry overview, crude oil, natural gas, coal, biological hydrocarbons, olefins, aromatics, methane
More informationEffect of Subaru EyeSight on pedestrian-related bodily injury liability claim frequencies
Highway Loss Data Institute Bulletin Vol. 34, No. 39 : December 2017 Effect of Subaru EyeSight on pedestrian-related bodily injury liability claim frequencies Summary This Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI)
More informationDevelopments in China s methanol market and implications for global supply Seoul
Developments in China s methanol market and implications for global supply Seoul Anu Agarwal 8 May 2015 London Houston Washington New York Portland Calgary Santiago Bogota Rio de Janeiro Singapore Beijing
More informationA Cost Benefit Analysis of Faster Transmission System Protection Schemes and Ground Grid Design
A Cost Benefit Analysis of Faster Transmission System Protection Schemes and Ground Grid Design Presented at the 2018 Transmission and Substation Design and Operation Symposium Revision presented at the
More informationBS EN :2011 BS :2002+A1:2013 UKSRG Guidelines-4:2011 EN124:1994 HA104\09
PendulumTest(s) carried out in accordance with: BS EN 13036-4:2011 BS 7976-2:2002+A1:2013 UKSRG Guidelines-4:2011 EN124:1994 HA104\09 On behalf of: Fibrelite Limited. Prepared by: Phil Nolan GET-A-GRIP!
More informationEV market trends and outlook Shift Up a Gear
EV market trends and outlook Shift Up a Gear Colin McKerracher Head of Advanced Transport Bloomberg New Energy Finance @colinmckerrache September 6, 2017 Analysis to help you understand the future of energy
More informationJIG Inspectors Workshop. Teddington. September 28,2012
JIG Inspectors Workshop Teddington September 28,2012 Hydrant Maintenance & Operation John Buxton Operations Manager Kuwait Petroleum International Aviation Company 2 Hydrant Operation Current standards,
More informationIHS CHEMICAL Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization. Process Economics Program Report 297. Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization
` IHS CHEMICAL Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization Process Economics Program Report 297 September 2016 ihs.com PEP Report 297 Light Hydrocarbon and Light Naphtha Utilization Girish Ballal Principal
More informationEDS: AN EUROPEAN STUDY FOR NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO REDUCE POLLUTION
EDS: AN EUROPEAN STUDY FOR NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO REDUCE POLLUTION Prof. Dr. Ir. G. Maggetto Ir. P. Van den Bossche Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium Abstract The study
More informationCopyright Statement FPC International, Inc
Copyright Statement All rights reserved. All material in this document is, unless otherwise stated, the property of FPC International, Inc. Copyright and other intellectual property laws protect these
More informationAmerican National Standard for Lighting Equipment Voltage Surge Requirements
American National Standard for Lighting Equipment Voltage Surge Requirements Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association Approved: December 21, 2017 American National Standards Institute,
More informationConsumers, Vehicles and Energy Integration (CVEI) project
Consumers, Vehicles and Energy Integration (CVEI) project Dr Stephen Skippon, Chief Technologist September 2016 Project aims To address the challenges involved in transitioning to a secure and sustainable
More informationRegulation No Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement pollution control devices for power-driven vehicles
Transmitted by the expert from Germany Informal document No. GRPE-68-18 68th GRPE, 7-10 January 2014, agenda item 3(c) Regulation No. 103 - Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement pollution
More informationSummary of survey results on Assessment of effectiveness of 2-persons-in-the-cockpit recommendation included in EASA SIB
Summary of survey results on Assessment of effectiveness of 2-persons-in-the-cockpit recommendation included in EASA SIB 2015-04 23 May 2016 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
More informationHERCULES-2 Project. Deliverable: D8.8
HERCULES-2 Project Fuel Flexible, Near Zero Emissions, Adaptive Performance Marine Engine Deliverable: D8.8 Study an alternative urea decomposition and mixer / SCR configuration and / or study in extended
More informationCars and vans CO2 regulations: even ambitious EU standards deliver less than half transport emission reductions needed to meet 2030 climate targets
Cars and vans CO2 regulations: even ambitious EU standards deliver less than half transport emission reductions needed to meet 2030 climate targets October 2017 Summary Road transport is one of the few
More informationThis document is a preview generated by EVS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16852 Second edition 2016-10-15 Flame arresters Performance requirements, test methods and limits for use Arrête-flammes Exigences de performance, méthodes d essai et limites
More informationAyhan Demirbas. Biodiesel. A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines
Biodiesel Ayhan Demirbas Biodiesel A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines 123 Ayhan Demirbas Professor of Energy Technology Sila Science and Energy Trabzon Turkey ISBN 978-1-84628-994-1 e-isbn
More informationSelected Technical Papers STP1564 Viscosity and Rheology of In-Service Fluids as They Pertain to Condition Monitoring
Selected Technical Papers STP1564 Viscosity and Rheology of In-Service Fluids as They Pertain to Condition Monitoring Editors: Amy Rishell Theodore Selby ASTM International 100 Barr Harbor Drive PO Box
More informationResearch activities in the Norwegian Deepwater Programme Conference on CeSOS Highlights and AMOS Visions. Rolf Baarholm, Statoil
Research activities in the Norwegian Deepwater Programme Conference on CeSOS Highlights and AMOS Visions Rolf Baarholm, Statoil Outline of presentation Norwegian Deepwater Programme VIV characterization
More informationAnalysis of Road Crash Statistics Western Australia 1990 to Report. December Project: Transport/21
Analysis of Road Crash Statistics Western Australia 1990 to 1999 Report December 2000 Project: Transport/21 Analysis of Road Crash Statistics Western Australia 1990 to 1999 December 2000 Client: Transport
More information