PEMS EXPERTS WORKING GROUP
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1 PEMS EXPERTS WORKING GROUP Update on data processing being conducted by JRC 31/10/2014 Dr Adolfo Perujo Dr Pablo Mendoza-Villafuerte
2 Discussion topics 1. Technical Report Structure 2. Data status 3. Data analysis: M2 & summary 4. Open issues a. Cold start b. 20% power threshold c. Discussion 5. Summary 6. Conclusions 2
3 Technical Report structure 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Expert working group: ToR 2. Scope 3. Summary of the ISC state of play (Boundary conditions, calculation methods-maw,.) 4. PEMS assessment objectives 5. Data sets 5.1 Vehicles and engines 5.2 Test routes 5.3 Assessment procedure 6. Assessment evaluation Vehicle behaviour for the different assessment objectives 7. Summary (for each objective included in the assessment) 8. Recommendations 9. Annexes (if any) Completed In good stage of completion 3
4 Data status Vehicle type PEMS Assessment # test # OEM # vehicles N1/N2 total = 29 WS = 15 CS = N3 total =52 WS = 37 CS = M2 total = 5 WS = 3 CS = M3 total =22 WS = 12 CS = WS = Tests with only warm start CS = Tests with cold start included 4
5 Data Analysis Disclaimer: This analysis has been performed with all the data received by the JRC from different vehicles and trips performed with N1/N2/N3/M2/M3 vehicles. Acknowledge: Data has been kindly shared by ACEA Members, TNO & AVL-MTC 5
6 Analysis of Data M2 6
7 Vehicle Characteristics M2 No. of tests: 5 No. of OEMs : 1 No. of vehicles: 1 Vehicle type Test no. WHTC Work ref [kwh] CO2 ref [kg] Payload Start condition Urban [%] Rural [%] MW [%] Test W 52% 23% 26% Test C 54% 22% 24% M2 Test W 56% 20% 24% Test C 53% 22% 25% Test W 59% 20% 21% 7
8 M2 Analysis of the influence of different power thresholds Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid 20%PT 8
9 M2 Influence of the objective setting of 90% cumulative percentile on the determination of the conformity factor Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid 20%PT 10%PT (green) 9
10 M2 Trip composition Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid 20%PT Urban: 0 50km/h / Rural: km/h / MW: Above 75km/h 20% Maximum Power Threshold only on total NOx CF results. Speed binning analysis takes all MAW (90%ile). 10
11 M2 Highlighted issues for M2 vehicles: - Very similar to N2 issues - Power threshold is critical 20% PT does not take into account urban operation - Only one set of data analyzed. 11
12 Open issues 12
13 Trip requirements The average velocities from the WHVC are: Urban= 21.3 km/h Rural= 43.1 km/h MW= 76.2 km/h 13
14 N1/N2 Cold start & Power Threshold 14
15 N1/N2 15
16 N1/N2 16
17 N1/N2 17
18 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 18
19 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 19
20 N3 Cold start & Power Threshold 20
21 N3 21
22 N3 22
23 N3 23
24 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 24
25 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 25
26 M2 Cold start & Power Threshold 26
27 M2 27
28 M2 28
29 M2 29
30 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 30
31 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 31
32 M3 Cold start & Power Threshold 32
33 M3 33
34 M3 34
35 M3 35
36 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 36
37 Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 37
38 N3 Influence of the objective setting of 90% cumulative percentile 38
39 N3 39
40 N3 40
41 N3 41
42 N2 42
43 N2 Length (min) of the window with maximum CF 43
44 Summary Low load/power operation is not considered in the present ISC procedure/analysis because of the use of 20% power threshold (as described in 4.2.2, Appendix 1, ANNEX II, Reg. EU 582/2011) Presently Any cold start emissions may be removed from the emissions evaluation, in accordance with point 2.6 of Appendix 1, (ANNEX II, Reg. EU 582/2011). Ignoring cold start operations and implementing 20% power threshold results in excluding an important operational area with high instant vehicle emissions. 44
45 Conclusions No basis for changing the present prescriptions on Payload (50% to 60%), Metrics (g/kwh) and Window Length (=1 WHTC). Test duration shall be long enough to complete between 4 to 6 times the work performed during the WHTC or produce between 4 to 6 times the CO 2 reference mass in kg/cycle from the WHTC as applicable. The WHTC test procedure consists of a cold start test followed by hot start test The introduction of cold start in the ISC would seem consistent. It is implementation shall follow closely the methodology of Reg 49 (Annex 4B, 8.6.3) A robust assessment of urban emissions need to be addressed Trip should always start with urban operation 20% power threshold needs to be removed. 45
46 Thank you for your attention Joint Research Centre (JRC) IET - Institute for Energy and Transport Ispra Italy PEMS Team Adolfo Perujo (adolfo.perujo@ec.europa.eu) Pablo Mendoza (pablo.mendoza-villafuerte@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Pierre Bonnel (pierre.bonnel@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Massimo Carriero (massimo.carriero@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Fausto Forni (fausto.forni@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Marcos Garcia-Otura (marcos.garcia-otura@jrc.ec.europa.eu) François Montigny (francois.montighy@jrc.ec.europa.eu)
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