A snapshot of Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. in the UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region

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1 A snapshot of Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in the UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region Photo: fololia/garrett Hoffmann 217 Update and SDG Baselines Prepared by: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene September 217 1

2 Sanitation coverage Proportion of population using safely managed, basic, limited, unimproved sanitation services or practising open defecation, million people in the UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region lacked a basic sanitation service in 215, 19 million of whom practise open defecation Population (%) National Rural* World Basic Limited Open defecation * no safely managed estimate available Brazil, 4 Peru, 2 Mexico, 2 Haiti, 2 Colombia, 2 Bolivia (Plurinational State of), 2 Rest of the Region, 5 Countries in the region with the highest number of people practising open defecation in 215 T sanitation estimate is available for 11 countries in the region T coverage of basic sanitation services exceeds 5% in 25 countries, rural coverage exceeds 5% in 23 countries <25% 255% 575% 7595% >95% Insufficient data Not applicable <5% 575% 759% >9% Insufficient data Not applicable national Basic national 1 8 Population (%) BOL VEN COL ARG PER CUB BRA ECU MEX URY CHL HTI GTM NIC PAN DMA SUR HND DOM JAM GUY BLZ VCT ATG TCA GRD MSR LCA SLV PRY BHS TTO BRB VGB AIA CRI KNA Basic 2

3 Drinking water coverage Proportion of population using safely managed, basic, limited, unimproved water services or surface water, million people in the UNICEF Latin Americ & Caribbean Region lacked a basic drinking water service in 215, 75% of whom live in rural areas Population (%) National Rural* World Brazil, 5 Haiti, 4 Peru, 3 Mexico, 2 Colombia, 2 Ecuador, 1 Rest of the Region, 7 Basic Limited Surface water * no safely managed estimate available Countries in the region with the highest number of people who did not use a basic water service in 215 drinking water estimate is available for 9 countries in the region coverage of basic drinking water services exceeds 5% in 26 countries, rural coverage exceeds 5% in 24 countries <25% 255% 575% 7595% >95% Insufficient data Not applicable <5% 575% 759% >9% Insufficient data Not applicable national Basic national 1 8 Population (%) MEX PER NIC GTM COL ECU CRI CHL ARG HTI HND BOL JAM SLV TCA DOM SUR PAN GUY VCT CUB GRD DMA MSR ATG TTO BLZ VEN BRA BHS BRB LCA AIA PRY URY VGB KNA Basic 3

4 Hygiene coverage NO REGIONAL ESTIMATE AVAILABLE > urban coverage of basic handwashing facilities exceeds 5% in 13 countries, rural coverage exceeds 5% in 12 countries <5% 575% 769% >9% Insufficient data Not applicable Basic urban Basic rural NATIONAL RURAL URBAN COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Year Population (thousands) % urban Barbados Belize Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Saint Lucia Basic Limited (without water or soap) No facility Basic Limited (without water or soap) No facility Basic Limited (without water or soap) No facility = no estimate; NA = data not applicable; for unrounded estimates see 4

5 Inequalities 1 Inequalities in basic drinking water 1 Inequalities in basic sanitation TACRO Proportion of the population using basic drinking water services (%) World Haiti Proportion of the population using basic sanitation services (%) World TACRO Panama Note: Subnational inequalities for Haiti 212 Regions Countries /rural Wealth quintiles Subnational regions Note: Subnational inequalities for Panama 213 Regions Countries /rural Wealth quintiles Subnational regions 1 Inequalities in open defecation 1 Inequalities in basic hygiene Proportion of the population not practising open defecation (%) World TACRO Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Proportion of the population using basic hygiene services (%) Dominican Republic Note: Subnational inequalities for Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 28 Note: Subnational inequalities for Dominican Republic 214 Regions Countries /rural Wealth quintiles Subnational regions Regions Countries /rural Wealth quintiles Subnational regions Note: TACRO UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region 5

6 Trends Drinking water Rural 6 6 Population (million) Population (million) Without basic Without basic In 215, 98.8% of the urban population and 85.9% of the rural population used a basic drinking water service. Sanitation Rural Population (million) Population (million) Without basic Without basic In 215, 9% of the urban population and 68.4% of the rural population used a basic sanitation service. Open defecation Rural Population (million) Population (million) In 215, 1% of the urban population and 11.1% of the rural population practised open defecation. 6

7 services sanita on (215) elements: Sanita on ladder Propor on of popula on (%) Open defeca on Limited Basic service Improved Basic Sewer connec on Onsite sanita on Wastewater treated Disposed in situ Emp ed and treated Safely managed drinking water (215) 1 elements: Water ladder Propor on of popula on (%) Surface water Limited Basic service 2 Improved Basic Accessible Available Free from on premises when contamina on needed Safely managed 7

8 Sanitation estimates NATIONAL RURAL URBAN COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY ISO3 Year Population (thousands) % urban Limited (shared) Open defecation Anguilla AIA Antigua and Barbuda ATG Argentina ARG Bahamas BHS Barbados BRB Belize BLZ Bolivia (Plurinational BOL State of) Brazil BRA British Virgin Islands VGB Chile CHL Colombia COL Costa Rica CRI Cuba CUB Dominica DMA Dominican Republic DOM Ecuador ECU El Salvador SLV Grenada GRD Guatemala GTM Guyana GUY Haiti HTI Honduras HND Jamaica JAM Mexico MEX Montserrat MSR Nicaragua NIC Panama PAN Paraguay PRY Peru PER Saint Kitts and Nevis KNA Saint Lucia LCA Saint Vincent and the VCT Grenadines Suriname SUR Trinidad and Tobago TTO Turks and Caicos Islands TCA Uruguay URY Venezuela (Bolivarian VEN Republic of) UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region Annual rate of change in basic Annual rate of change in open defecation Limited (shared) Open defecation Annual rate of change in basic Annual rate of change in open defecation Limited (shared) Open defecation Annual rate of change in basic Annual rate of change in open defecation = no estimate; NA = data not applicable; for unrounded estimates see

9 Sanitation estimates NATIONAL Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities (excluding shared) RURAL Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities (excluding shared) URBAN Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities (excluding shared) COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Year Disposed in situ Emptied and treated Wastewater treated Latrines and other Septic tanks Sewer connections Disposed in situ Emptied and treated Wastewater treated Latrines and other Septic tanks Sewer connections Disposed in situ Emptied and treated Wastewater treated Latrines and other Septic tanks Sewer connections Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil British Virgin Islands Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Montserrat Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands Uruguay Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region

10 Drinking water estimates NATIONAL RURAL URBAN 1 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY ISO3 UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region Year Population (thousands) = no estimate; NA = data not applicable; for unrounded estimates see % urban Limited (more than 3 mins) Anguilla AIA Antigua and Barbuda ATG Argentina ARG Bahamas BHS Barbados BRB Belize BLZ Bolivia (Plurinational State of) BOL Brazil BRA British Virgin Islands VGB Chile CHL Colombia COL Costa Rica CRI Cuba CUB Dominica DMA Dominican Republic DOM Ecuador ECU El Salvador SLV Grenada GRD Guatemala GTM Guyana GUY Haiti HTI Honduras HND Jamaica JAM Mexico MEX Montserrat MSR Nicaragua NIC Panama PAN Paraguay PRY Peru PER Saint Kitts and Nevis KNA Saint Lucia LCA Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VCT Suriname SUR Trinidad and Tobago TTO Turks and Caicos Islands TCA Uruguay URY Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) VEN.9.3 Surface water Annual rate of change in basic Limited (more than 3 mins) Surface water Annual rate of change in basic Limited (more than 3 mins) Surface water Annual rate of change in basic

11 Drinking water estimates NATIONAL Proportion of population using improved water supplies RURAL Proportion of population using improved water supplies URBAN Proportion of population using improved water supplies COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Year Accessible on premises Available when needed Free from contamination Piped Nonpiped Accessible on premises Available when needed Free from contamination Piped Nonpiped Accessible on premises Available when needed Free from contamination Piped Nonpiped Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil British Virgin Islands Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Montserrat Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands Uruguay Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) UNICEF Latin America & Caribbean Region

12 DRINKING WATER SANITATION HYGIENE In 215, In 215, 71 per cent of the global population (5.2 billion people) used a safely managed drinking water service; that is, one located on premises, available when needed and free from contamination. 39 per cent of the global population (2.9 billion people) used a safely managed sanitation service; that is, excreta safely disposed of in situ or treated offsite. In 215, Eight out of ten people (5.8 billion) used improved sources with water available when needed. Three out of four people (5.4 billion) used improved sources located on premises. 27 per cent of the global population (1.9 billion people) used private sanitation facilities connected to sewers from which wastewater was treated. Three out of four people (5.4 billion) used improved sources free from contamination. 13 per cent of the global population (.9 billion people) used toilets or latrines where excreta were disposed of in situ. 844 million people still lacked even a basic drinking water service. 263 million people spent over 3 minutes per round trip to collect water from an improved source (a limited drinking water service). 159 million people still collected drinking water directly from surface water sources, 58% lived in subsaharan Africa. Available data were insufficient to make a global estimate of the proportion of population using septic tanks and latrines from which excreta are emptied and treated offsite. 2.3 billion people still lacked even a basic sanitation service. 6 million people used a limited sanitation service. 892 million people worldwide still practised open defecation. JMP website: countries had comparable data available on handwashing with soap and water, representing 3 per cent of the global population. Coverage of basic handwashing facilities with soap and water varied from 15 per cent in subsaharan Africa to 76 per cent in Western Asia and Northern Africa, but data are currently insufficient to produce a global estimate, or estimates for other SDG regions. In Least Developed Countries, 27 per cent of the population had basic handwashing facilities with soap and water, while 26 per cent had handwashing facilities lacking soap or water. The remaining 47 per cent had no facility. In subsaharan Africa, three out of five people with basic handwashing facilities (89 million people) lived in urban areas. Many highincome countries lacked sufficient data to estimate the population with basic handwashing facilities.