CAMERON HYDRAULIC DATA

Transcription

1 CAMERON HYDRAULIC DATA Preface to the Twentieth Edition The Book is a Flowserve Corporation publication and, as in the previous nineteen editions, is published as an aid to engineers involved with the selection and application of pumping equipment. The twentieth edition includes some new content additions. First is a helpful reference on mechanical seal piping plans which starts on This guide includes illustrated pump cross-sections and piping plan schematics as well as a description of the purpose, typical applications and preventative maintenance tips for each plan. The new edition also includes an updated Pump Selection Guide (Section 11) which matches the complete pump portfolio of Flowserve Corporation with primary served markets. The selection matrix helps users determine which pump types are generally applied in 70 different fluid pumping applications. This section also includes an expanded Quick Reference guide for seven different pump categories, with product models, pump types and typical performance ranges. Finally, we ve added friction loss tables for PVC and polyethylene piping in Section 3 starting on page In addition, a number of minor modifications, corrections and clarifications initiated by users and the editor have been made throughout the book. To facilitate locating the desired data, a detailed index is provided in the rear of this book (Section 10). It should be noted that for the convenient reference this index is arranged in two (2) parts: first a General Index with items listed alphabetically, page 10-2 through 10-10, and secondly, an Index of Liquids arranged alphabetically, page through page Frequent reference to this index is suggested for quickly locating the information desired. iii

2 Contents Section Hydraulic principles... Selected formulas and equivalents... 2 Friction data... Water Paper stock Viscous liquids Fittings Liquids-miscellaneous data... Density specific gravity vapor pressure Viscosity etc. Steam data Electrical data... 6 Cast iron and steel pipe flanges and flange fittings... 7 Miscellaneous data... Arithmetical and geometrical formulas 8 Metric (SI) conversions-general data... 9 Index-Two Sections... Section No. 1-General Index (A to Z) Section No. 2-Index of Liquids (A to Z) Pump selection guide iv

3 1 CONTENTS OF SECTION 1 Hydraulics Introduction Liquids Liquid Flow Viscosity Pumping Volume-System Head Calculations-Suction Head , 1-7 Suction Lift-Total Discharge Head-Velocity Head , 1-8 Total Sys. Head-Pump Head-Pressure-Spec. Gravity , 1-10 Net Positive Suction Head NPSH-Suction Head-Life; Examples: to 1-16 NPSH-Hydrocarbon Corrections NPSH-Reciprocating Pumps Acceleration Head-Reciprocating Pumps Entrance Losses-Specific Speed Specific Speed-Impeller Specific Speed-Suction , 1-21 Submergence , 1-22 Intake Design-Vertical Wet Pit Pumps , 1-27 Work Performed in Pumping Temperature Rise Characteristic Curves Affinity Laws-Stepping Curves System Curves Parallel and Series Operation , 1-33 Water Hammer Reciprocating Pumps-Performance Recip. Pumps-Pulsation Analysis & System Piping to 1-45 Pump Drivers-Speed Torque Curves , 1-46 Engine Drivers-Impeller Profiles Hydraulic Institute Charts to 1-52 Bibliography

4 2 CONTENTS OF SECTION 1 Selected Formulas and Equivalents General information on liquids Volume and weight equivalents Head and pressure equivalents Flow equivalents and 2-7 Flow through orifices and nozzles Flow data nozzles Flow data weirs and 2-11 Irrigation table Frequently used formulas, constants and conversions through 2-16 (For metric formulas, see Section 9.) 2-2

5 Friction Data Friction loss principles Darcy-Weisbach formula Hazen and Williams formula Example Head loss calculation to 3-10 Moody diagram Reynolds Nos. Versus Friction Factor Chart Friction of water in cast iron and steel pipe to 3-34 Friction of water in copper tubing and brass pipe to 3-47 Friction of water in PVC and polyethylene pipe to 3-61 Friction of viscous liquids in pipes to Friction of paper stock in pipes to Friction of paper stock in fittings to *General Information Pulp and Paper Industry to Friction of water valves and fittings to Friction of water valves and fittings in terms equivalent length straight pipe to Friction viscous liquids valves and fittings *NOTE: s through are located in this section (following Paper Stock Friction Data) for convenience and ready reference. 3-2

6 4 Properties of Liquids Density information Properties of water Density specific gravity data API scales Properties of sodium and calcium chloride Properties of caustic soda Baume scales Densities of sugar solutions Specific gravity of petroleum vs. temperature Specific gravity of hydrocarbons Specific gravity of miscellaneous liquids Specific gravity of aqueous solutions Specific gravity of refrigerant liquids Vapor pressure information Vapor pressure of gasolines Vapor pressure of hydrocarbons Vapor pressure of various liquids Vapor pressure of refrigerant liquids Viscosity information Viscosity conversions to 4-27 Viscosity of crankcase oils Viscosity of turbine oils Viscosity of fuel oils Viscosity of petroleum oils vs. temperature Viscosity of miscellaneous liquids Viscosity of refrigerant liquids Viscosity of sucrose solutions Viscosity blending chart Petroleum temperature volume relations Viscosities and specific gravities of misc. liquids to 4-45 Pump performance with viscous liquids Pump performance corrections charts and 4-48 Pump performance on paper stock Slurry information to

7 Steam Data Notes on steam Enthalpy and entropy entropy definition Mollier diagram Pressure-enthalpy chart Steam Tables: Temperature Data (to F) Pressure Data (in Hg Abs) Pressure Data (mm Hg Abs) Pressure Data (to psia) Superheated Steam Data Theoretical steam rates for steam turbines Approximate turbine efficiencies Vapor flow formulas Pressure drop in steam piping Low-pressure steam flow Pressure drop in steam fittings Psychometric chart Boiler feed flow data

8 Electrical Data Summary of electrical formulas Motor selections Motor efficiencies Motor characteristics Full load currents of motors Motor wiring Motor branch circuit protection Properties of conductors Carrying capacity of insulated wire Effect of voltage and frequency variation Allowable voltage and frequency variations Full load speeds of synchronous motors NEMA motor frame dimensions (T/TS) and 6-19 Bedplate pad and motor dimensions for NEMA motor frames thru 6-23 H.I. NEMA Type C face-mounted motors standard dimensions Dimensions (Type C, JM, and JP motor shafts) H.I. NEMA Type HP and HPH vertical solid shaft motor standard dimension Dimensions (HP HPH) Standard dimensions for NEMA vertical inline motor shaft extensions (P-Base construction)

9 7 Cast Iron and Steel Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings Weights of flanged cast-iron pipe Weights of flanged cast-iron fittings Dimensions of cast-iron flanges Dimensions of cast-iron flanged fittings Dimensions and weights of steel pipe thru 7-12 Dimensions of steel pipe flanges thru 7-15 Flange ratings 150 lb Flange ratings 300 lb Flange ratings 400 lb Flange ratings 600 lb Flange ratings 900 lb Flange ratings 1500 lb Flange ratings 2500 lb

10 Miscellaneous Data Decimal and millimeter equivalents Arithmetical and geometrical formulas Approximate altitude and barometer reading Barometer reading corrections to 8-9 Weight and dimensions of copper tubing and pipe Volume in partially filled horizontal tanks Capacities and cylinders and tanks Displacement per stroke of plungers Areas of circles Hardness conversion table Use of gages and U tubes to 8-20 Pump data sheet for material selection Pump materials to 8-28 Mechanical seal piping plans to

11 Conversion Factors General notes Common English equivalents and formulas Notes on international system (SI) of units Metric (SI) conversion data Fahrenheit and Celsius equivalents (Conversion Table) Metric (SI) conversion factors to 9-27 Metric flow formulas