Ceramic AXI 80 o & 110 o

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1 Ceramic AXI 80 o & 110 o The Albuz AXI wide pressure range ceramic spray tips are suited for creating numerous fine to medium droplets. The ceramic orifice of the AXI will provide long service life even when spraying abrasive chemicals. Adjustable droplet size according to pressure Maintains good spray distribution and makes larger droplets at low pressures FastCap includes tip, cap and gasket 80º fan models ideal for use in directed spray applications (See page 159 for more information) BROADCAST SPRAY TIPS US Units Droplet Tip Size Pressure Flow Gallons per Acre 20 inch nozzle spacing GAL/1000 Ft 2 Rate MPH 20 inch nozzle spacing Size (PSI) 80º 110º (GPM) F F F F F F F F VF VF VF VF F F F F F F F F F F F F M M M M M M F F F F F F M M M M M M M M F M F F M M M M M M M M M M M M M C M M M M M M M M M M Droplet size based on ASABE S572.1 standard. Features Common Use General Pattern Tapered Flat Fan Technology Elliptical Orifice Material Ceramic Spray Angle 80º & 110º Pressure Range PSI (1.5-5 BAR) Configuration Tips, FastCap Part Numbers Tips 80º FastCaps 80º AXI FC-AXI AXI-8002 FC-AXI-8002 AXI-8003 FC-AXI-8003 AXI-8004 FC-AXI-8004 AXI-8005 FC-AXI-8005 AXI-8006 FC-AXI-8006 Tips 110º FastCaps 110º AXI FC-AXI AXI FC-AXI AXI AXI FC-AXI AXI FC-AXI AXI FC-AXI AXI FC-AXI Replacement Cap Gasket 22W11MF64 Albuz is a registered trademark of SAINT-GOBAIN SOLCERA, SAINT GOBAIN CERAMIQUES AVANCEES DESMARQUEST, CERAMIQUES TECHNIQUES DESMARQUEST, and SOCIETE DESMARQUEST ET CEC.. Hypro is a registered trademark of Pentair. 139

2 Visit sprayit.hypropumps.com for Hypro's online tip calculator or download the FREE SprayIT app for Apple or Android devices. Spray tips are often the smallest and most overlooked piece of equipment on a machine. However, they have the greatest effect on the accuracy and efficiency of each application. Hypro offers spray tips for a variety of pressure ranges, flow rates and spray patterns to fit any spray application. To be effective, a pesticide must be applied properly. To select the correct spray tip for the job, first fully read the pesticide label and look for information on tip type, application rate, spray quality, and environmental restrictions. Then 1) Check which type of spraying technique you will be using broadcast or banding. (pg 112) 2) Check your sprayer speed. (pg 112) 3) Select the application rate from the pesticide label. (pg 112) 4) Determine the flow rate (GPM) needed for the spray tip, or use the application rate (GPA) chart for the desired tip. (pg 112) 5) Select the pattern type. (pg 113) 6) Select tip size and pressure that provides the desired flow rate and application rate. (pg 113) 7) Check the spray quality tables to be sure the spray tip and pressure create the droplet spectrum you require. (pg 113) 1) Spraying Technique: Broadcast spraying is when the entire field is to be treated. The width that each tip sprays, adjusted for spray overlap, is the distance between tips on the spray boom. Band spraying is when planted rows or unplanted gaps are treated. The width that each tip sprays is the width of the treated band. 2) Sprayer Speed: Forward speed of the spraying machine should be measured accurately. Radar or ultrasound speed sensors should be calibrated after installation or servicing. Wheel-driven speedometers should be calibrated whenever the driving surface changes, such as after cultivation. Speed can be determined if it is known how long it takes to drive a measured distance: speed in MPH = distance (feet) x 60 time (seconds) x 88 or speed in Kmph = distance (m) x 3.6 time (seconds) Improved vehicle design means that speeds up to 20 MPH are now possible. Higher speeds (10-20 MPH) improve work rates and timeliness; lower speeds (5-10 MPH) give improved canopy penetration and make spray drift control simpler. 3) Application Rate: Read the pesticide label closely to determine an appropriate spray application rate. If a range of acceptable application rates is listed, choose a rate that best matches your situation. 4) Flow Rate: Determine the exact flow required from each tip by calculating: GPM = GPA x MPH x w 5,940 or LPM = L/ha x Kmph x w 600 W changes depending on the type of applications: - Tip spacing (in/m) for broadcast spraying - Spray width (in/m) for single-tip band spraying or boomless spraying - Row spacing (in/m) divided by the number of tips per row for directed spraying Or you can read the application tables throughout this guide. 112

3 5) Spray Pattern Type: Flat Fan pattern Available as a tapered spray for boom applications or an even spray for single tip applications. Even spray tips produce a narrow pattern, where spray is evenly deposited across the spray s width. Tapered spray tips produce an elliptical spray pattern where more of the spray is deposited immediately under the tip. By overlapping tapered sprays, an even distribution across the entire boom can be obtained. Even Tapered Deflect pattern Also known as anvil or flood tips, deflect tips produce a wide-angled flat pattern when operated at low pressures (10-40 PSI/1-3 BAR), The tips generally produce a coarse, even spray. SELECTING THE RIGHT SPRAY TIP Deflect/Anvil/Flood Cone pattern These spray tips produce either a soild circular (full cone tips) or a hollow circular footprint (hollow cone tips). Full cones are ideal for spot spraying, whereas hollow cones are used on air-assisted sprayers and directed sprays. Full Cone Hollow Cone Other patterns Specialty sprays call for specialty patterns, such as off-center or streaming sprays. An off-center pattern is used to extend spray patterns past the boom structure and streaming patterns are commonly used for fertilizer applications. Off- Center Streaming Technology Standard or Air Induction Along with the spray pattern, it s important to consider the engineering behind each droplet. Standard droplets produce the traditional solid droplet. Air-induction technology creates air-filled droplets, which increase droplet retention and reduces the number of small droplets prone to drift. Standard Droplet Air-Induction 6) Tip Size and Pressure: Use the flow rate tables provided throughout this guide to select the tip and pressure that provides the flow needed for the application. 113

4 7) Spray Quality: An important performance characteristic of a spray tip is both the size and the variation of droplets or spray quality that it produces. ASABE S572.1 Droplet Size Classification The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) developed the ASABE S572.1 standard to measure and interpret spray quality from tips. Spray Quality* Size of Droplets VMD Range (Microns**) Color Code Retention on Difficult to Wet Leaves Drift Potential Extremely Fine Small <60 Purple Excellent High Very Fine Red Excellent Fine Orange Very Good Medium Yellow Good Coarse Blue Moderate Very Coarse Green Poor Extremely Coarse White Very Poor Ultra Coarse Large >665 Black Very Poor Low *Always read the pesticide label to determine which spray quality is required. ** Estimated from sample reference graph in ASABE/ANSI/ASAE Standard S The ASABE S572.1 standard uses eight droplet classification categories, six of which are common for agriculture and horticulture: Very Fine, Fine, Medium, Coarse, Very Coarse and Extremely Coarse. Most agrochemical applications recommend a fine, medium, or coarse spray. Fine sprays provide enhanced retention for directed spraying on the target including: Foliar-acting weed control Contact-acting fungicides and insecticides BCPC Nozzle Classification Medium sprays are the most widely used spray type. Used by default by most applicators when spray quality is not defined by the label. Systemic-acting fungicides, insecticides and herbicides. Coarse sprays are used with systemic, residual, and soil-applied herbicides. The British Crop Protection Council (BCPC) develop a standard for classifying nozzle droplet size. It was shown that to apply a spray solution safely and with the most agronomic value, a spray application needed to be delivered within the appropriate droplet size spectrum. The standard is based on relative comparisons of droplet size using a set of agreed upon reference nozzles. The BCPC standard also has an additional component that allows for further description of the drift potential of a nozzle. For conventional hydraulic nozzles, spray quality varies according to nozzle size (defined by nozzle flow in l/min) and with pressure, larger sizes and lower pressures produce larger droplets. Spray quality is defined by Volume Median Diameter (VMD) which is the mid-droplet size where half of the volume of spray is in larger and half in smaller droplets. The BCPC International Spray Classification System, groups nozzles into five categories: VERY FINE, FINE, MEDIUM, COARSE AND VERY COARSE, each category covering a range of VMDs. Fine Sprays Medium Sprays Coarse Sprays Enhance spray retention on the target. Suitable for small targets and contact acting fungicides and insecticides. There is a higher risk of spray drift with fine sprays. The default option if no another spray quality in indicated. Use with residual/soil applied herbicides where drift reduction is the priority. Air Induction (AI) nozzles incorporate air as well as fluid in the droplets. As a result they are not classified in the same way as standard hydraulic nozzles. AI nozzles tend to have a more uniform droplets size and less of the driftable fines. Those at the finer end of the spectrum can be successfully used in place of conventional medium spray quality whilst at the same time reducing spray drift. 114

5 The following chart has been designed to simplify selection of the correct spray tip type for the agrochemical to be applied. It is based on having good conditions for spraying and should be used in conjunction with the agrochemical manufacturer s label. Increased carrier rates may allow for coarser sprays to reduce risk of drift. Always follow the agrochemical label exactly. Section Special Banding & Directed Stream Wide Broadcast Code Spray Tp Common Use Pattern Technology Orifice Material Nominal Spray Angle Pressure Range ASABE Droplet Classificcation PSI BAR XF VF F M C VC XC UC ULD Ultra Lo-Drift Weeds Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Polyacetal DB Drift Beta Weeds Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Polyacetal GAT GuardianAIR Twin Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Polyacetal GA GuardianAIR Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Polyacetal GRD Guardian Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Pre-Orifice Polyacetal LD Lo-Drift Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Pre-Orifice Polyacetal 80, VP Variable Pressure General Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Polyacetal 80, VPT VPTech General Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Polyacetal 80, TR Total Range General Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Stainless Steel 80, F FanTip General Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Polyacetal 80, AVI Air Injected Anti-Drift Weeds Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Ceramic 80, ATW Air Injected Twin Fan Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Ceramic ADI Drift Reduction Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Ceramic AXI Wide Range Fan General Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Ceramic 80, HF Hi-Flow Fertilizer Tapered Flat Fan Pre-Orifice Polyacetal DT DeflecTip Weeds & Fertilizer Flood Deflection Polyacetal APM Wide Angle Flood Weeds & Fertilizer Flood Deflection Ceramic ESI Six Stream Fertilizer Streams Pre-Orifice Ceramic or Polyacetal 110 Equivalent S CM Fanjet 0 Fertilizer Stream Round Orifice PVDF S DC Flow Regulating Disc Fertilizer Stream Round Orifice Polyacetal S AMT Flow Regulating Disc Fertilizer Stream Round Orifice Ceramic S DC/CR SwirlTip Disc/Core Plant Health Hollow Cone Swirl Polyacetal DCC/CRC Disc and Core Plant Health Hollow Cone Swirl Ceramic HCX HollowTip Hollow Cone Plant Health Hollow Cone Swirl Polyacetal ATR Hollow Cone Plant Health Hollow Cone Swirl Ceramic HCA Hollow Cone Plant Health Hollow Cone Swirl Ceramic TVI Hollow Cone Plant Health Hollow Cone Air Induction Ceramic AVI Air Injected Anti-Drift Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Air Induction Ceramic AXI Wide Range Fan Plant Health Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Ceramic FCX Full Cone Plant Health Full Cone Swirl Polyacetal DCC/CRC Disc and Core Plant Health Full Cone Swirl Ceramic E FanTip Even Flat Weeds Even Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Polyacetal OC Off-Center Flat Unspecialized Off-Center Fan Elliptical Orifice Brass OCI Off-Center Ceramic Unspecialized Off-Center Fan Elliptical Orifice Ceramic AVI-OC Air Injected Off-Center Weeds Off-Center Fan Air Induction Ceramic XT Boom X Tender Weeds Boomless Fan Pre-Orifice Stainless or Polyacetal ACID F FanTip Acid Defoliants Tapered Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice PVDF ACID LD Lo-Drift Acid Defoliants Tapered Flat Fan Pre-Orifice PVDF MISTING F, HAF, PF, AFD, AF Cooling & Fan or Hollow Elliptical Orifice Humidification Cone or Swirl Polyacetal E Even Knapsack Even Flat Fan Elliptical Orifice Polyacetal DT/AN Deflect Tip/PoliJet Knapsack Flood Deflection Polyacetal S These nozzles produce streams to minimize atomization SELECTING THE RIGHT SPRAY TIP Understanding Droplet VMD Total Volume VMD VMD is the droplet size at which 50% of the spray volume is in droplets larger than the VMD and 50% of the volume is in droplets smaller than the VMD (adapted from Matthews 1992). Understanding Micron Size Degree of Atomization Droplet Size (Microns) Fog Up to 25 Fine Mist Fine Drizzle Heavy Drizzle Light Rain Heavy Rain Thunderstorm Rain Relative Size Related to Common Objects Point of a Needle (25 Microns) Human Hair (100 Microns) Sewing Thread (150 Microns) Toothbrush Bristle (300 Microns) Staple (550 Microns) Paper Clip (850 Microns) #2 Pencil Lead (2000 Microns) Droplet sizes are usually expressed in microns (micrometers). One micron equals one thousandth of a millimeter. Other than the effects of the specific material being sprayed, the four major factors effecting droplet size are: tip style, capacity, spraying pressure and spray pattern type. Lower spraying pressures provide larger droplet sizes, while higher spraying pressures yield smaller droplet sizes. The smallest droplet sizes are achieved by air atomizing tips. Generally speaking, the largest spray droplets are produced by wide-angle, flat hydraulic spray tips. In the hydraulic spray tip series, the smallest droplet sizes are produced by hollow-cone spray tips. 115

Broadcast Spray Tips... Page 116

Broadcast Spray Tips... Page 116 Spray s PUMPS Broadcast Spray s... Page 116 Commonly used for herbicide, insecticide, and fungicides Most effective with a tapered fan, designed for spray overlap, ensuring uniformity Broadcast Wide-Angle