Use of WIM in Overload Detection, Enforcement and Toll Collection Applications

Transcription

1 Use of WIM in Overload Detection, Enforcement and Toll Collection Applications Nick Wilks General Manager, Kistler Americas (Presenting on behalf of David Cornu, Head of Business Field, Road & Traffic, Kistler Group) Date: 13th August 2013 Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

2 Agenda Why WIM? What issues can be addressed? Use of WIM in different Applications Data collection Weight Enforcement - Pre-selection Weight Enforcement - Direct Enforcement Toll by weight Conclusions Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

3 Why WIM? What issues can be addressed with WIM? 2- Unfair competition 20% overloading = / year / HGV saving 1- Road safety Heavy Goods Vehicles (>3,5T) 1,8% of traffic flow 13% of death in the road 3- Infrastructure protection (20M <1 km of Highway<100M ) 30% overloading = 2000% additional distortion of the road Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

4 WIM - Increase Safety Overloading & Traffic Safety Longer braking distance Reduced stability and control eg. roll-over accidents Higher wear and tear of vehicles Damaged roads (eg. rutting) Consequences More accidents More severe accidents Enforcement experience Overloading is often indication of other safety offences Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

5 WIM to ensure Fair Competition Overloading Company: lower costs higher profits Correct Loading Company: higher costs lower or no profits Preventive Enforcement Company inspections Based on WIM data + Identification of truck owner Focus on bad companies Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

6 WIM to Reduce Maintenance Costs Damage to road infrastructure Pavements Damage (axle loads) 4 1 overloaded truck = passenger cars Bridges Damage vehicle weight Consequences Extra maintenance Extra road works Extra traffic jams Additional annual maintenance costs: Netherlands: 70 million (Highways only, 3000km) EU-15 : 1,5 billion (Highways only, km) Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

7 Applications of WIM Data Collection Data collection Data is collected (24hr/day) from a network of WIM-systems Goal is to understand the size and nature of the overloading problem (who, where, when, how much, etc....) Example: results from NL (EU) Decision: Extension of the network From 8 to 20 WIM sites. Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

8 Applications of WIM Enforcement Pre-selection Enforcement - Pre-selection Goal is a reduction of overloading Weighing of all passing trucks WIM gives indication of which trucks are overloaded Overloaded trucks are escorted to area for certified weighing WIM-System Waiting Area Sorting Point Traffic communication Experience: More time efficient enforcement, 95% of sorted trucks are overloaded Well established and accepted enforcement procedure Static Weighing Area Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

9 Results from the Field (Chile) For every $1M invested in truck weight enforcement, $20M is being saved in maintenance of principal highways and $27M in costs of repairs to secondary roads. The results indicate 20 year reduction in maintenance of $132M for highways and $83M for secondary roads where weight control is enforced, against operational costs of $6.3M for fixed weigh stations (highways) and $3.1M for mobile units (secondary roads) Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

10 Applications of WIM Enforcement - Direct Direct Enforcement Goal is a reduction of overloading Fine directly based on WIM measurement Identification based on licence plate Procedures similar to speed enforcement Requires: Top-end WIM systems High accuracy High reliability Officially certified systems Adaptation of traffic legislation / laws Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

11 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ 2011, Tested by Czech Metrology Institute Specification based on OIML, COST, ASTM, FiWi; 2012, Type Approved according to new CZ traffic law System Design: 2 rows of Kistler Lineas WIM 2 Induction loops 3 Accelerometers 2 Temperature sensors 1 Piezo sensor for detection of wheel position Measurement performance: Axle (group) loads ±11% Total vehicle mass ± 5% Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

12 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ Configuration of HS WIM station For the recommended configuration of HS WIM station based on the tests carried out and their evaluation see "Results of Measurement of HS WIM System, Czech Republic. Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

13 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ System layout for WIM Enforcement Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

14 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ 5,00 Liquid and Bulk Materials Test WIM Enforcement in Czech Republic, different tank vehicles loaded by liquid and bulk materials, 10 overpasses for each vehicle, inclusive acceleration and deceleration during pass over the Lineas quartz crystal sensors The results of non-standard control measurements showed the following: By means of a measurement carried out using WIM systems it is possible to determine weights of passing vehicles with high accuracy while observing the legal limits of measurement accuracy in the value of 5% for the total and 11% for the axle weight. The validity of measurement analyses the data obtained from WIM system so that to ensure 100% reliability of the materials that should serve for solution of incidents based in overloading. error GVW error - all vehicles [%] 0, ,00-10,00-15,00 Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

15 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ Liquid and Bulk Materials Test - Vehicle Overpass The Acceleration & Deceleration area was marked by pylons on the road side Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

16 WIM for Direct Enforcement in CZ Enforcement Results: Road DK 5/ Bydgoszcz, Poland Datum Time Certified static weight system AX 1 AX 2 AX 3 AX 4 AX 5 AX 6 GVW [t] :57 7,30 12,50 3,85 3,85 3,85 31, :49 7,80 10,55 10,45 10,15 10,35 49, :20 6,95 8,65 11,30 11,30 11,40 49, :33 6,55 13,20 6,65 6,65 6,70 39, :53 6,90 11,35 8,30 8,40 8,65 43, :04 7,95 11,25 7,25 11,20 9,45 47, :42 6,25 12,90 19, :47 5,90 3,85 6,50 9,65 9,75 9,75 45,40 IBDiM WIM system Unicam, Camea (CZ) Error AX 1 AX 2 AX 3 AX 4 AX 5 AX 6 GVW [t] +1,12% 7,10 12,90 4,10 3,70 3,90 31,70-1,01% 7,50 11,20 9,50 10,40 10,20 48,80-0,81% 6,40 9,20 11,30 11,20 11,10 49,20-0,63% 6,20 13,30 6,80 6,60 6,60 39,50 +0,00% 6,70 11,60 8,20 8,40 8,70 43,60-0,85% 7,20 12,00 7,30 10,90 9,30 46,70-0,78% 6,20 12,80 19,00 +0,22% 7,00 9,40 9,70 9,70 9,70 9,70 45,50 IBDiM Road & Bridge Research Institute Warschau Poland Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

17 Type Approval Certificates Czech Metrology Institute (CMI) Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

18 Applications of WIM Tolling by Weight Toll by vehicle class Typically: Class = Length of vehicle + Number of axles Example from Italy: Vehicle Axle Loads Damage Fee / km 3-axle truck 7,5ton ,068 2 x 11,5ton Car + caravan 3 x 800kg 1,2 0,068 Tolling by weight Goal is fair allocation of costs Toll based on actual vehicle weight and/or axle loads (new) Direct relation with damage to road infrastructure Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

19 Applications of WIM Tolling by Weight Tolling by weight both low speed and high speed applications Toll plaza s At low speeds (0 20km/h) Identification at toll booth Free flow At highway speeds (20 200km/h) Identification by ANPR or tags Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

20 Applications of WIM Tolling by Weight Results from Poland, EU Commercial operations are underway on 1,560 kms of highway. Operations were started within 8 months of contract award. After 3 months of commercial operations, almost $60M has been earned. Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August

21 Summary Quartz Lineas WIM systems are used extensively in preselection enforcement applications. The Lineas Quartz sensor is now used in direct enforcement and tolling by weight applications. These advances may enable different traffic planning, enforcement and revenue strategies in high density traffic areas. The return on investing in WIM makes the technology very attractive for protecting and maintaining the high investments in transportation infrastructure. Brasvias 2013 / Wil / 12 August