UTC Region 5 Meeting. Justin J Kringstad Geological Engineer Director North Dakota Pipeline Authority

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1 UTC Region 5 Meeting Justin J Kringstad Geological Engineer Director North Dakota Pipeline Authority April 20, 2017

2 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 2

3 Bakken-Three Forks Formations Mature Bakken Three Forks Bakken Oil Play with associated natural gas production Largest oil field (in square miles) in North America (15,000 square miles) Development made possible by the combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 3

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6 BAKKEN THREE FORKS FORMATIONS The International Center for Applied Energy Technology

7 Rotary Drilling

8 Horizontal Drilling JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 8

9 Staying in the Target Zone: Sliding & Rotating JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 9

10 Staying in the Target Zone

11 Petroleum Production JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 11

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13 Vern Whitten Photography

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16 Conventional Reservoir vs Unconventional Reservoir Lodgepole mound Middle Bakken

17 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 17

18 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 18

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20 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 20

21 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 21

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24 Fracture Monitoring

25 Statewide Well Performance Average BKN/TF Well Performance in Williams, McKenzie, Dunn, & Mountrail Counties (Minimum 1 bopd) JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 25

26 Statewide Well Performance Average BKN/TF Well Performance in Williams, McKenzie, Dunn, & Mountrail Counties (Minimum 1 bopd) JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 26

27 51 Active Drilling Rigs April 17, 2017 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 27

28 6,817 Wells Peak Month Minimum 400 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 28

29 3,690 Wells Peak Month Minimum 600 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 29

30 1,613 Wells Peak Month Minimum 800 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 30

31 645 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,000 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 31

32 227 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,250 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 32

33 72 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,500 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 33

34 The roads they traveled were generally poor, if they existed at all. Weather sometimes made even the shortest passage from the wellhead impossible. A dilemma arose concerning what to do with the blessedly continuous production of oil when the roads became hopelessly mired. It s 1860 s Pennsylvania! Excerpt from: Oil & Gas Pipelines in Nontechnical Language

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36 Source: Bridger Pipeline

37 Why Pipelines? Safest and most economical way to transport liquid products over large distances. The US pipeline infrastructure is crucial to our economy, safety, and living standards. Pipelines carry all kinds of products including oil, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, carbon dioxide, and water.

38 Where are the Pipelines?

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40 Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Gathering

41 Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Gathering Crude Oil Transmission

42 Estimated Williston Basin Oil Transportation JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 42 42

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44 Oil Loading Rail Facilities JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 44

45 Estimated ND Rail Export Volumes JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 45

46 Oil Loading Rail Facilities JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 46

47 Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Refining Crude Oil Transmission

48 US Refining Markets JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 48

49 Major Pipelines and Refining Centers JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 49

50 Major Rail Lines and Refineries $52.61 $46.38 $48.26 $53.34 EIA January 2017 Refiner Acquisition Cost $49.85 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 50

51 Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Product Distribution Refined Products Pipeline

52 North Dakota s Natural Gas

53 Natural Gas Transportation

54 Natural Gas Transportation Some Compressed Natural gas Trailers Now Being Utilized

55 Natural Gas Transportation Gathering Pipelines

56 Natural Gas Transportation Gas Processing

57 Natural Gas Processing Consumer Quality Dry Natural Gas Methane 57.67% Raw Natural Gas (1400+ BTU) Processing Plant Ethane 19.94% NGL S (8-12 gpm) Y-Grade or Fractionated Propane 11.33% Butane 3.80% Natural Gasoline 1.29% JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 57

58 Natural Gas Transportation Transmission Pipelines

59 Natural Gas Transportation City Gates - Mercaptan Image: North Dakota Pipeline Association

60 Natural Gas Transportation Local Distribution

61 Major Gas Pipeline and Processing Infrastructure Whiting WBI Transmission JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 61

62 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

63 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

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65 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

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69 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

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71 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

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73 Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008

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75 Williston Basin Oil Production & Export Capacity, BOPD Production forecast is for visual demonstration purposes only and should not be considered accurate for any near or long term planning. JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 75

76 Energy Transfer Partners: Dakota Access Successful Open Season During the First Half of ,000 BOPD Capacity to Patoka, IL (30 ) Expandable Up To 570,000 BOPD if Shipper Demand Exists Target In-service Date: May 2017 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 76 Map Source: Energy Transfer Partners 76

77 Patoka, IL Crude Hub Map Source: PHMSA National Pipeline Mapping System 77 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 77

78 Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline 78 Map Source: Energy Transfer Partners JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 78

79 TransCanada: Upland Pipeline Successful Open Season During 2014 Initial Capacity 220,000 BOPD (Expandable to 300,000 BOPD) Target In-service Date: 2020 Energy East Project Capacity 1.1 MMBOPD JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority Map: NEB NDPA Upland Addition 79

80 North Dakota Natural Gas Production Production forecast is for visual demonstration purposes only and should not be considered accurate for any near or long term planning. JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 80

81 Solving the Flaring Challenge GREEN % of gas captured and sold Blue % flared from zero sales wells Orange % flared from wells with at least one mcf sold. Simple Terms Blue Lack of pipelines Orange Challenges on existing infrastructure Statewide Feb 2017 Data Non-Confidential Wells JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 81

82 Natural Gas Processing Consumer Quality Dry Natural Gas Methane 57.67% Raw Natural Gas (1400+ BTU) Processing Plant Ethane 19.94% NGL S (8-12 gpm) Y-Grade or Fractionated Propane 11.33% Butane 3.80% Natural Gasoline 1.29% JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 82

83 North Dakota Captured* NGL s JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority *Non-flared NGL s & Assumes 10 GPM 83 83

84 Major NGL Pipeline and Processing Infrastructure Kinder JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 84

85 What s Next for ND IS ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY AN OPTION?

86 CO 2 Extraction of Oil from Bakken Rocks The International Center for Applied Energy Technology

87 CO 2 Extraction of Oil from Bakken Rocks CO 2 extraction of oil from samples of Middle and Lower Bakken rock psi, 110 C (230 F) examine effect of unit cell rock size and matrix lithology. Results indicate that CO 2 can effectively extract hydrocarbons from both Middle and Lower Bakken rock matrix. The International Center for Applied Energy Technology

88 Contact Information Justin J. Kringstad, Director North Dakota Pipeline Authority 600 E. Boulevard Ave. Dept. 405 Bismarck, ND Phone: (701) Fax: (701) Websites: JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 88 88

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