[Charge] [Lead dioxide] [Lead] [Sulfuric acid] [Lead sulfate] [Lead sulfate] [Water]

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2 Sunstone VRLA Battery Family //SPT series - -Standard Series with 5 years design life //ML series - -High Tin alloy design with 10 years design life //MLG series V Gel Series with 15 years design life //VG series - - Front Terminal Series with 12 years design life //VG series - - Front Terminal Gel Series with 15 years design life //UC series - - Standard 2V Series with 12 years design life //UCG series - - 2V Gel Series with 20 years design life //OPG series - -2V OpzV Series with Tubular Plate //OPS series - - 2V OpzS with Modular design Working Rationale of Batteries [Positive Electrode] [Negative Electrode] [Electrolyte] [Positive Electrode] [Negative Electrode] [Electrolyte] Discharge PbO 2 + Pb + 2H 2 SO 4 PbSO 2 + PbSO 4 + 2H 2 O Charge [Lead dioxide] [Lead] [Sulfuric acid] [Lead sulfate] [Lead sulfate] [Water] Charge is the operation of supplying the rechargeable battery with direct current from an external power sources to change the active material in the negative plate chemically, and thence to store in the battery electric energy in the form of chemical energy. Discharge is the operation of drawing our electric energy from the battery to operate external equipment. [Positive electrode] [Negative electrode] [Charge] [Overcharge] PbSO 4 PbSO 2 O 2 [Lead sulfate] [Lead Dioxide] PbSO 4 Pb(O 2 ) [Oxygen] [Lead Dioxide] [Lead] [Reaction] [Gas recombination reaction cycle] In the final stage of charging, an oxygen-generating reaction occurs at the positive plates. This oxygen transfers inside the battery, then is absorbed into the surface of the surface of the negative plates and consumed.

3 Electrode Plate Process Fl ow [Lead ingot] [Lead Alloy] [Cast plate] [Make lead ingot into ball] [Make into lead powder] [Compound acid for mixing mastic] [Dense sulph. Acid] [Compound acid for soaking plate] [Mix mastic] [Apply plate] [Drying again] [Conditioning] [Solidify & drying] [Soak acid] [Separate plate and brush tab] [Package] Battery Process Flow Note: Special Procedure Q&C Position [Material] [Enter warehouse] [Arrange plate group] [Final Quality control] [Weld plate group] [Package] [Inspect for welding] NG [Test for product] [Put into container] NG [Draw acid] [Weld bridge between grid] [Charge first time] [Test before sealing cover] [Pour into electrolyte] [Seal the cover] [Quality control] [Weld terminal] [Seal glue in terminal] [Compound acid] Note: Special Procedure Q&C Position Feature Sealed Construction and leakproof SunStone batteries have special sealed and valve regulated construction. All the acid inside the battery is suspended in a formulated non-woven glass mat separator and it is absorbed in the manner. This construction ensure leakproof during

4 normal operation. Maintenance Free For SunStone batteries, there is no need to check or add water or any other specific gravity during the whole service life of the batteries. Electrolyte Suspension Design SunStone batteries utilize an electrolyte suspension system consisting of a high porosity, glass fiber material which is conjunction with plate, totally absorb and contain the electrolyte. No silica gels or any other contaminants are used. Gas Generation In the normal charge/discharge usage the gasses generated and recombined during the normal operation. More than 99% of the gases generated are efficiently recombined. Safety and Automatic Valve System If the pressure is over 2-5 psi the safety valve will automatically open and reseal. This promise that there is no any excessive accumulation if gas in the battery. Heavy Duty Grids The grids are made by heavy duty lead calcium tin alloy. This provides: Safety margin of performance condition, Excellent recovery capacity from deep discharge, Extra service life in either cycle or float application, Low self-discharge when it is not in working. Operation in any position Because SunStone batteries are sealed and all the acid is absorbed in the special separators, these batteries can be operated in both vertical and horizontal position. Wide Operation Temperature Range SunStone batteries can be used in wide temperature range from -35?C to 45?C. For Gel type it can be also up to 60?C Available in flame retardant ABS material for the battery case V0 SunStone batteries cases can be make by flame retardant material V0. It depends on the requirement of customer. Battery Construction Positive Plate Positive plates are plate electrodes of which a grid frame of lead-tin-calcium alloy holds porous lead dioxide as the active material Negative Plate Negative plates are plates electrodes of which a grid frame of lead tin-calcium alloy holds spongy lead as the active material. Electrolyte Diluted sulfuric acid is used as the medium for conducting ions in the electrochemical reaction in the battery. Separators Separators, which retain electrolyte and prevent shorting between positive and negative plates, adopt a non-woven fabric of fine glass fibers which is chemically stable in the diluted sulfuric acid electrolyte. Being highly porous, separators retain electrolyte for the reaction of active materials in the plates. Valve (One way valve) The valve is comprised of one-way valve made of material such as neoprene. When gas is generated in the battery under extreme overcharge condition due to erroneous charging, charger malfunctions or other abnormalities, the vent

5 valve opens to release excessive pressure in the battery and maintain the gas pressure within specific range(7.1 to 43.6 Kpa). During ordinary use of the battery, the vent valve is closed to shut out outside air and prevent oxygen in the air from reacting win the active material in the negative electrodes. Positive and negative electrode terminals Positive and negative electrode terminals may be Faston Tab Type, Bolt & Nuts Type, Copper Insert Type or Spring Type, depending on the type of the battery and requirement of customers. Sealing of the terminal is achieved by a structure which secures long adhesive-embedded paths and by the adoption of strong epoxy adhesives. Battery case materials Materials of the battery body and cover are ABS resins, unless otherwise specified. Battery Storage SunStone VRLA batteries have excellent charge retention characteristics, meaning that the self-discharge rate is low, less than 2% per month at 20?C(68?F). The state of discharge of a batte ry can be determined by the open circuit voltage of the battery to ensure the battery do not over discharge while in storage. To ensure the battery does not over discharge during storage, or when not in use, it is necessary to understand what is meant by fully discharge. Typically a battery is fully discharge when the open circuit voltage reaches 1.92VPC. The higher the discharge current the quicker the battery reaches a fully discharge state, and the lower current the longer it takes. When the battery has discharge the battery must be recharged immediately to 100% capacity. Final Acceptable Discharge Discharge Current Final Discharge Voltage Per Cell (VPC) Up to 0.1CA CA to 0.17CA CA to 0.25CA CA to 0.6CA 1.60 In discharge a battery, lead sulphate (Sulphation) is formed. If the battery is recharged as soon as discharging is complete then the lead sulphate is converted to active material and acid. However, on self-discharge the lead sulphate that is formed may not become reversible again. That is it be recovered. The lower the voltage that a battery is allowed to fall to under self-discharge the more likely it is that the sulphate formation will not be able to reversed and the battery will be damaged beyond recovery. Please pay attention to the following conditions of storage battery over self-discharge: *The batteries should be stored in a cool, dry place 25?C or below *The batteries should not be stored in direct sunlight. *The batteries should not be subjected to an external heat source. *An adequate stock control system should be introduced. SPT Series General Information Sunstone SPT series battery is the most common and the fist generation delicate products which is designed with AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) technology, high performance and electrolyte. The defination of SPT series is coming from General purpose.

6 Main Application *Uniterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) *Security and fire alarm system *Computer power system *Toys and hobbies *Monitoring equipment *Power tools Model L W H (20hr) (Ah) SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT SPT

7 ML Series General Information SunStone ML series is designed for 10 years life. For this long life purpose, the plates are made by developed alloy which is more effectual for preventing corrosion. At the same time, we also according the percentage of alloy change the outlook and dimension of grid wire. It will give batteries more effective radius for chemical reaction. Main Application *Uniterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) *Telecommuncation *Computer power system *Solar and Wind system *Inverter backup system Model (10hr)(A h) ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML

8 Model (10hr)(A h) ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML ML MLG Series General Information Sunstone MLG series battery is with Gel technology which is designed specially to meet requirement of frequent cyclic and high temperature application such as board had, PVs etc. We use high quality separator and silica from Europe. And we use special technology to fill acid firstly then after about 20 hours charge and discharge, fill out all acid then fill in silica separately to make sure each cell can get enough silica and complete penetration of electrolyte through separators and plates pastes from top to bottom Main Application *Solar and Wind system *Telecommuncation *Inverter and deep cycly use system *Wheal chair *Electric powered toy Model (20hr)(A h) MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG

9 Model (20hr)(A h) MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG MLG VG Series General Information SunStone VG series battery is 12 years design life battery. It is especially designed for telecommunication application. The outstanding advantage of VG series battery is that the width of battery is 19 and the two terminal battery are in the front. It is very convenient for connecting bus bar and inspect after the batteries are installed in the rack. The alloy of VG series is made through a very available way and also the positive grid is specially designed for long life. Main Application *Telecommuncation *Computer power system *Solar and Wind system *Inverter backup system Model (10hr)(A h) VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG

10 VGG Series General Information SunStone VGG series battery advantage is same as VG series but with Gel technology. So it has longer design life of 15 years. It is especially designed for telecommunication application. The outstanding advantage of VGG series battery is that the width of battery is 19 and the two terminal battery are in the front. It is very convenient for connecting bus bar and inspect after the batteries are installed in the rack. Main Application *Telecommuncation *Computer power system *Switch-gear operations *Inverter and deep cyclye use application Model (20hr)(A h) VGG VGG VGG VGG VGG UC Series General Information SunStone UC series is designed for 12 years life. We use two ways to protract the life of UC series batteries: one is adding the thickness of plate; The second is the new design for material in alloy. Both these two way will do good to the plate to let up the corrosion from acid. At the same time the high-tin design for the alloy will do help to the ability of deep cycle of UC series. So UC series has very good result in solar application. Main Application *Telecommuncation *Uniterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) *Solar and wind system *Computer power system *Inverter and deep cyclye use application Model (10hr)(A h) UC UC UC UC UC UC

11 Model (10hr) (Ah) UC UC UC UC UC UC UC UC UC UC UCG Series General Information SunStone UCG series is designed for 15 years life. The advantage of UCG series is same as UC but with Gel technology. This Gel technology makes battery design life longer and also performance of deep cycle use is better. Main Application *Telecommuncation *Solar and wind system *Computer power system *Inverter and deep cyclye use application Model (10hr)(Ah) UCG UCG UCG UCG UCG UCG UCG UCG OPS Series General Information Sunstone OPS series is flooded battery with tubular plate technology which is accordance with DIN (OpzS) standard. It can supply more than 20 years life.

12 Main Application *Power plant & Hydropower station *Solar and wind system *Emergency power system *Inverter and deep cyclye use application Model OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS OpzS (10hr)(Ah) H Over Weight Approx Terminal OPG Series General Information Sunstone OPG series is tubular plate & Gel electrolyte technology which is accordance with DIN (OpzV) standard. It can supply longer life than OPS series and better deep cycling use life. The cells also can be mounted horizontally or vertically, depending on requirements. Main Application *Power plant & Hydropower station *Solar and wind system *Emergency power system *Telecommunication Model (10hr)(Ah) OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV OpzV

13 Sunstone SPT series Sunstone ML series Sunstone MLG series Sunstone VG series Sunstone VGG series Sunstone UC series Sunstone UCG series Sunstone OPS series Sunstone OPG series

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15 Sunstone VGG series Sunstone UC series Sunstone UCG series Sunstone OPS series Sunstone OPG series