LUNAR WHEEL TEAM TEAM: ADAM ANDERSON DAN BARRET RICHARD FREDRICKSON KRISTINA LYNN RAMOS ERIC SOLIS. ADVISORS: Dr. COLIN BRITCHER Dr.

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1 LUNAR WHEEL TEAM TEAM: ADAM ANDERSON DAN BARRET RICHARD FREDRICKSON KRISTINA LYNN RAMOS ERIC SOLIS ADVISORS: Dr. COLIN BRITCHER Dr. SEBASTIAN BAWAB

2 OBJECTIVE design a wheel that would be resistant to the harsh terrain and environment of the lunar surface. The Wheel must be able to hold an applied load of 5,000 pounds anticipated rules for the new competition are different from those of the previous one

3 OVERVIEW PROGRESS SO FAR DESIGN MATERIAL SELECTION CHARACTERISTICS & COSTS WHEEL BREAKDOWN OF IDEAS TREADS DIAMOND TREADS VERTICAL CHEVRONS HORIZONTAL CHEVRONS

INTRODUCTION Space is one of the only remaining frontiers It holds

Moon, Mars, and Venus. The Moon http://www.space.

4 INTRODUCTION Space is one of the only remaining frontiers It holds countless new discoveries Our closest celestial neighbors are the Moon, Mars, and Venus. The Moon Mars news/indepth/space/mars/index.asp?ar ticle=lifeonmars Venus ch/venus-ozone-layer/1486/

5 days Large temperature swings from 253 F to -387 F The coldest recorded temperature

5 FACTS ABOUT THE MOON 384,000 km away from Earth No protective atmosphere Radiation Meteors Lunar Day: between 27.3 to 29.5 days Large temperature swings from 253 F to -387 F The coldest recorded temperature in our solar system was taken on the moon which was 4K Complete Vacuum View of earth from the moon oon-moon.html

or g/wiki/basalt Lunar Regolith http://www.

6 FACTS ABOUT THE MOON CONT. Composed of igneous rocks Basalt Anorthosite. Covered by regolith extreme terrain variance Craters of varied grades and depths Anorthosite rock erson/anorthosite.html Basalt rock g/wiki/basalt Lunar Regolith y04/newmineral.html Lunar craters /jan-june09/moon_06-23.html

7 THE REVOLUTIONARY AEROSPACE SYSTEMS CONCEPTS ACADEMIC LINKAGE (RASC-AL) LUNAR WHEEL DESIGN CHALLENGE Held by NASA at Johnson Space Center Seeks ideas for technology to improve exploration on the moon and Mars Rules not currently released

8 MATERIAL SELECTION LIGHT WEIGHT INEXPENSIVE DESIGN CALLS FOR ELASTIC DEFORMATION ALUMINUM!!!

9 RANKED BY CHARACTERISTICS

10 RANKED BY COST * 24"x12"x1/4" SHEET ** 24"x12"x2" FLAT BAR *** 12"X12"X0.1" SHEET **** PER 12"X12"X0.09" SHEET + 12"X4"X3/4" FLAT BAR

11 DESIGN OPTIONS

12 INNOVATIVE BICYCLE WHEEL

13 CONSIDERATIONS PROS CONS Unique elliptical pattern Utilized series of ellipses to allow for equal deflection around circumference of wheel Offset connection Frequency of ellipses not suitable for rumored load of 5000 lbs Overly simplistic for competitive purposes

WIRED PATTERN http://www.googlelunarxprize.

14 WIRED PATTERN /frednet/blog/scaled-wrv1-wheeldesign-for-the-jaluro-lunar-rover tnjxyjkuu0w/tvtb284poqi/aaaaaaaaaaa/ilij_ky0ubc/ s400/wrv1_wheel_evolution-1.jpg

15 CONSIDERATIONS PROS Aesthetically unique for competitive purposes Outer hinged plates allow for single point deflection Isolated failure Wire design promotes deflection even deflection around circumference CONS Individual components subjected to large stress values Unlikely for thin, flexible wire with circular cross section to support rumored load of 5000 lbs Large multitude of independent components presents higher risk of failure

16 MICHELIN TWEEL otes_mk.html

17 CONSIDERATIONS PROS Introduced an alternative spring design Inspired use of leaf springs and increased frequency of springs CONS Relatively new technology Extremely complex design Expensive and unknown material

18 DOWN SELECT

19 PRELIMINARY DESIGN

20 WEIGHING THE OPTION CHARACTERISTICS Large inner hub Large quantity of holes to decrease waste material and cost Series of ellipses on outer layer to allow for deflection Flat sheet of aluminum on outermost layer for stability WEAKNESSES TO MODIFY Immense size of hub Absence of bolt pattern Single layer of springs to support deflection

21 SECOND DESIGN

22 WEIGHING THE OPTION CHARACTERISTICS WEAKNESSES TO MODIFY Smaller hub with realistic design and bolt pattern Second deflective layer added utilizing leaf springs A) Diamond-shaped treads placed on outermost layer of aluminum B) Chevron based tread pattern Tread designs and patterns allows vehicle to traverse radially and laterally 10 ellipses and leaf springs total Single row of ellipses and leaf springs could compromise entire structure if single component fails Bolt Pattern may not be correctly designed A) Diamond treads could result in excessive build up of soil Increase number of springs within structure

23 FINAL DESIGN

24 CHARACTERISTICS Bolt Pattern based upon actual pictures of LRV Three series of springs for each layer Rows of springs offset to decrease torsional stresses Offset springs also reduces risk of compromising entire structure if single component fails 16 ellipses and leaf springs in each series and 3 within each row

25 FABRICATION

26 HUB CNC MACHINING 6 EVENLY SPACED BOLT HOLES CAST ALUMINUM

27 LEAF SPRINGS 48 leaf springs Allow the outer rim to deform Welded to center hub Bolted to middle rim

28 ELLIPSE 48 Ellipses Connects outer rim to middle rim Overlapped and bolted to inner rim

29 TREADS VERTICAL CHEVRONS DIAMOND VERTICAL CHEVRONS

30 GOALS FINITE ELEMENT METHOD ANALYSIS BUDGET PROPOSAL PROTOTYPE 3D PRINT OF TREADS TO TEST MINIATURE PROTOTYPE A WHOLE WHEEL--TENTATIVE

32 QUESTIONS, COMMENTS, AND CONCERNS

Initial Concept Review Team Alpha ALUM Rover (Astronaut Lunar Utility Mobile Rover) Friday, October 30, GMT

Initial Concept Review Team Alpha ALUM Rover (Astronaut Lunar Utility Mobile Rover) Friday, October 30, 2009 1830-2030 GMT Rover Requirements/Capabilities Performance Requirements Keep up with an astronaut