Standards for Barrier-Free Campus Office for Students with Disabilities University Planning Office June 2004

Transcription

1 Standards for Barrier-Free Campus Office for Students with Disabilities University Planning Office June 2004 F:\PROJECTS\Disabled\ACCESS04.doc

2 INTRODUCTION The McGill standards for barrier-free and universal design (hereafter referred to as the McGill Standards) are the minimum requirements for accessibility to McGill services and facilities. The purpose of this manual is to outline these standards for all new construction, major renovations and retrofitting. The McGill Standards have been prepared by the Office for Students with Disabilities (OSD) and the Office of Physical Resources (OPR). The standards heavily reference the National Building Code of Canada 1990 (hereafter referred to as the NBC), the Universal Design Institute from the university of Manitoba (hereafter referred to as the UDI), and the Canadian Standards Association Manual CAN/CSA-B651-M90 Barrier-Free Design (hereafter referred to as the CSA). For design standards not outlined specifically here, the CSA standards shall apply, except where the CSA standards are exceeded by the NBC or any other applicable code. All specific models and manufacturers listed here are based on information available at the time of publication of this document. These models are subject to revision as improved models become available and as the needs for different buildings may vary. A hardware consultant shall be consulted and alternative models shall be approved. Throughout this document, various standards exceed the requirements of the National Building Code. Experience in the University and other jurisdictions indicates that the higher standards within this report represent a preferred level of barrier-free design.

3 1. EXTERIOR ACCESS 1.1 Building Entrances The main entrance(s) of every building complex shall be barrier-free and it is preferable if all entrances and exits in new construction are designed to be barrier-free. The overall objective for building entrances is that persons with disabilities shall enter and exit from building complexes through the same building elements as the general University population, and shall require no special keys or special arrangements to achieve this access. When retrofitting buildings, or when adding wings to buildings, every effort shall be made to ensure that the major entrances are barrier-free. General requirements for a barrier-free entrance: Each main entrance shall be provided with an identifiable, well-signed, pick-up and drop-off point. The drop-off shall include space for short-term parking, benches for waiting, and be clearly visible. Each main entrance shall be equipped with automatic door openers in conformance with McGill Standards, and identified with the international symbol of access. The minimum clear width of the door opening shall be 850 mm (34 ). The minimum clear floor areas at the doors shall be provided, as outlined in section A University telephone shall be installed within clear visibility of the main entrance, so that persons with disabilities can easily communicate with transportation services. The accessible main entrance shall lead to major services such as the reception area, elevators, services, lavatories, telephones, and directional information. Barrier-free entrances shall be created via grading, whenever possible, rather than using a ramp or an elevating device. Barrier-free exits shall be available throughout the building. In cases where the main entrance is not accessible, an appropriate sign shall be installed at the main entrance directing people to the accessible entrance. McGill Standards adapts UDI s recommendations for entrances for people with visual or cognitive impairments. These requirements aim at creating cues that stimulate a variety of senses. The entrances shall: Be logically located. Be centered on the path of travel. Be colour contrasted from the surrounding area. Have audible cues through recessing or by covering the entrance doors with canopies. Be well lit and provide transitional lighting to diminish differences between interior and exterior lighting levels for both day or night. Be marked with tactile and Braille sign. For entrances which are accessible but where assistance is required, a telephone or intercom shall be installed in conformance with McGill standards; it shall provide direct communication with informed personnel who can provide assistance. It shall also use visual and verbal security features to provide access for the widest range of users including people who are deaf, hard of hearing, and with visual impairments. 1

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5 1.2 Parking Exterior Parking (See Figure 1) Every major building complex shall have at least ONE exterior accessible parking space, designed in conformance with McGill Standards. Where exterior parking is provided, an accessible route shall be provided between the parking area and the accessible entrance of the adjacent McGill facility, providing the shortest possible circulation route. Since the need of accessible parking spaces often exceeds the number of designated parking spaces, the following table provides a reference for the minimum number of accessible parking spaces to be included in new construction or when retrofitting a building. Total Number of Spaces in Parking Lot Over 1000 Suggested Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces % of total 20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1000 Table1: Minimum number of accessible parking spaces Adapted from UDI Access Aisle People who use wheelchairs, scooters, or walkers need wider standard parking. An access aisle is provided to allow for easy manoeuvring. The access aisle shall: Be at least 1500mm (5 0 ) wide and 6000mm (20 0 ) long adjacent and parallel to the vehicle pull-up space. Provide a stable surface that is level with the parking area. Not include a ramp or slope exceeding 1:50 (2%) in any direction. Run the full length and be parallel to the parking space. Be clearly marked with a slip resistant, contrasting material. Caution shall be used when using paint to mark the area. Painting the entire area would make the surface slippery when wet, so consider adding sand or another abrasive to the paint. Two parking spaces may share one access aisle. 3

6 Barrier-Free Path through Parking Areas A barrier-free path must connect the accessible parking spaces to the building. The barrier-free path shall: Be level, stable, slip resistant, and be kept free of snow, ice or debris. Be clearly distinguished from its surroundings. Be a minimum of 1200mm (4 0 ) wide. Be provided between rows of cars parked beside each other or parked end to end. When it is not possible to provide the path at grade, curb ramps will be required and the width of the path will be increased to 1500mm (5 0 ). Use a material that makes the path easy to manoeuvre by a person on a wheelchair. Materials such as asphalt and concrete are acceptable while gravel is not an acceptable choice. Have a minimum illumination level of 100 lux. General requirements: Wheel stops shall be used to prevent vehicles from projecting into the path. If block heater plugs are provided, they shall be located off the path of travel and placed no higher than 1200mm (4 0 ) to be accessible to a person using a wheelchair or a scooter. Parking meters and ticket dispensers which are not reached from the car window shall be located no higher than 1200mm (4 0 ) from the ground and shall not require tight grasping, twisting, or pinching to operate. Meters shall have a clear area of 900mm x 1500mm (3 0 x 5 0 ) adjacent to the controls. Locating meters or ticket dispensers on recessed or raised curbs makes them inaccessible to a person using a wheelchair and is unacceptable Parking Signage For parking signage, refer to section Enforcement of Accessible Parking Spaces Enforcement and care of the parking surfaces and access aisles are required in order to ensure the availability of accessible parking spaces. Access aisles may require bollards or other devices to ensure that drivers do not park on these surfaces. Continued maintenance is required to keep the parking surfaces and access aisles well marked, level, and clear of snow and debris. Penalties must be imposed for inappropriate use of the designated accessible stalls Interior Parking For new construction, where interior parking is provided, the required number of accessible parking spaces shall conform to table 1. Also, general requirements from sections shall apply. The accessible parking spaces shall be independently accessible by persons with mobility impairments from all floor areas in the building. Barrier-free paths adjacent to accessible parking areas shall be accessible to wheelchair users and shall not require travel behind parked cars or through vehicular circulation routes. Parking spaces designated for people with disabilities shall be provided on the shortest possible accessible route to the main entrance of a building, or to the nearest accessible entrance. 4

7 1.2.3 Parking Space Dimensions McGill Standards requires universal parking spaces (Americans with Disabilities Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities, 1991, A4.6.3). The universal parking space is an alternative to providing one size space for a car and a different sized space for a van. The width of a universal parking space is 3300mm (11 0 ) with an access aisle 1500mm (5 0 ) for a total of 4800mm (16 0 ). The length of an accessible parking space shall not be less than 6000mm (20 0 ) Parallel accessible parking spaces shall include the following design considerations: The length of parallel accessible parking spaces shall be the same length as the perpendicular accessible parking space and is dependant on the parking layout. They require an additional 1500mm (5 0 ) length to manoeuvre around the back of the car and access the curb cut onto the sidewalk. Note the need to provide curb cuts into the sidewalk adjacent to accessible parallel parking spaces Transit Parking and Drop-Off Points Designated parking places and drop-off points for public and McGill transit vehicles shall be provided at main entrances of new construction of McGill buildings and facilities. The transit parking and drop-off points shall: Be at least 4800mm (16 0 ) wide. Have an adjacent access aisle demarcated by markings on paved surfaces leading to the nearest curb ramp. Have a length that is determined by the number of cars expected. For each car anticipated at the loading zone at any given time, a 6000mm (20 0 ) length is needed. Be marked with the international symbol of accessibility on the pavement..1.3 Exterior walks Exterior walks are part of a building s barrier-free path of travel. Refer to section 2.2 (Barrier-Free Path of Travel) for additional requirements General Requirements Exterior walks shall: Be not less than 1200mm (4 0 ) wide and 1500mm (5 0 ) wide where the walkway is immediately adjacent to and at the same level as a roadway. Be slip resistant, firm and continuous. Slip resistant surfaces are important for all users, but of particular concern for people who have difficulty with their balance and limitations of lower body strength and mobility, whether or not they use a wheelchair. Use materials such as concrete and asphalt which provide a firm and even surface while cobblestones, interlocking bricks, wood decking, and crushed stone can create difficulties for people on wheelchairs or using canes. Be colour and texture contrasted from its surrounding surfaces but clear from any visual clutter or glare. This is particularly important for people with visual impairments. 5

8 Not have any obstacles protruding into the exterior path of travel. In the case where they are unavoidable, they require colour contrast and an indicator surface of 300mm (1 0 ) surrounding the object with colour and texture contrast. Be equipped with a guard rail (complying with NBC 3.4 Guards) not less than 1050mm (3 6 ) in height along any adjacent change in elevation of more than 300mm (1 0 ). Have a minimum level of lighting of 100 lux to clearly identify the path of travel to the entrance. General Requirements: Where joints exist, they must be made as flush as possible and gaps must not exceed 6mm (1/4 ). When cross slopes are necessary for drainage, they may not be steeper than 1:50 (2%). Where drainage structures are installed, they shall be flush with the walkways and not located adjacent to or on a curb ramp. When grating is used to cover the drainage structure, the grates shall be oriented so that the long dimension is perpendicular to the path of travel and the grating may not have gaps greater than 6mm (1/4 ). In large open areas, such as a plaza or lobby, the path of travel shall be delineated by using a different texture and colour from the surrounding areas. The path of travel shall always be the surface offering less resistance Pedestrian Crosswalks The pedestrian crosswalk shall be colour and texture contrasted from the surrounding street surface to be more easily identified for people with visual impairments. The outside boundary lines are particularly important for people with visual impairments and for drivers to keep out of this area. 6

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10 1.3.3 Curb Cuts (See Figure 2) Sidewalks at intersections of accessible routes, corners of blocks and wherever else necessary shall have curb cuts. Curb cuts shall be located at corners and oriented on the diagonal wherever possible. Curb cuts shall: Have a detectable slope and lip for people with limited or no vision to feel when they have left a sidewalk or path and entered a street or parking lot. Be a minimum 1200mm (4 0 ) wide. Be no steeper than 1:12 (8%); 1:20 (5%) is preferred. Have flared sides where pedestrians are likely to walk. The maximum slope of flared sides shall be 1:10. Have a straight curb edge between 600mm to 900mm (2 0 to 3 0 ) on either side of the curb ramp and within the designated crosswalk area with the edge marked in a contrasting colour. Have a beveled lip on the curb ramp no lower than 6mm (1/4 ) and no higher than 13mm (1/2 ) in order to be detected by a person with a visual impairment while not interfering with a person using a wheelchair. Be located at all intersections within marked crossings and provide an aid to straight line orientation for people with visual impairments by lining up with one another (continuous wrap around or corner curb ramps are not recommended and pose hazards for people using wheelchairs or scooters or with strollers, as well as for people with visual impairments by directing them out of the crosswalk and into the traffic). Be located in the line of travel. Have colour, texture, and tone differences from the surrounding surfaces. Be slip resistant. All curb cuts shall be painted and signed as per Figure Pedestrian Traffic Control Signals Traffic control signals shall provide enough time for a person with a disability to slowly cross the street. Pedestrian crossings shall always provide audible signals in addition to visual pedestrian traffic control signals. The audible signal shall: Provide directional information by emanating from each pole on opposite sides of the intersection. Be loud enough to be heard over traffic noise Landings on Walkways Landings on walkways are level areas adjacent to doorways. Based on UDI s recommendations for landings, McGill Standards requires the following for landings on walkways: A clear space for a turning circle of 3150mm (10 6 ). This space allows a person using a wheelchair or scooter to change direction to open a door. The landing shall be located to allow a 600mm (2 0 ) level approach to the latch side of the door. The landing shall be at floor level or no greater than 13mm (1/2 ) below/above the floor finish. Entrances landings shall be sheltered, such as by a canopy or by being recessed. The landing shall be sloped to provide drainage from the doorway, but shall not exceed 1:50 (2%). 8

11 1.3.6 Passing and Rest Areas Based on UDI s recommendations for passing and rest areas, McGill Standards requires the following: Long walkways greater than 15m (50 0 ) and less than 1500mm (5 0 ) wide require a passing area wide enough for one person using a wheelchair or scooter to pass another. Walkways also need to widen at any changes in direction. Passing areas shall be a minimum 1500mm (5 0 ) wide and be at least 2100mm (7 0 ) long. Rest areas shall be provided every 15m (50 0 ) along the path of travel. The rest areas are particularly important for people with disabilities but are not on wheelchairs. The rest area shall be off the path of travel and be at least 600mm (2 0 ) wide with a preferred width of 900mm (3 0 ) to prevent seated persons from intervening with the path of travel. The rest area s surface shall be contrasted from the surrounding surfaces for people with visual impairments Benches for Rest Areas Based on UDI s recommendations for benches, McGill Standards requires the following: The seat height shall be between 450mm and 500mm (1 6 to 1 8 ) from the ground. The seat depth shall be 450mm (1 6 ). Back and arm rests shall be provided. A clear area of at least 900mm (3 0 ) wide by 1500mm (5 0 ) long shall be provided adjacent to the bench to allow a person with a wheelchair to wheel next to a person sitting on the bench. When there are two benches in the rest area, placing the benches facing each other or at a 90 angle is better suited for people with hearing and communications disabilities Site Furniture Based on UDI s recommendations, McGill Standards for site furniture is the following: Site furniture shall be located off the path of travel and shall be accessible for people with disabilities. When it is not possible to remove an item off the path of travel, there shall be indicator surfaces imbedded in the walkway surface with colour and texture contrast that project a minimum of 300mm (1 0 ) beyond the object. The indicator surface allows detection with a white cane and can eliminate the possibility of tripping and falling. The furniture shall be placed consistently throughout the site and each type shall have a unique colour or shape for easier identification Landscaping Based on UDI s recommendations for landscaping, McGill Standards for landscaping is the following: Thorny plants shall not be used immediately adjacent to walks. Branches that overhang walks shall be pruned to a minimum height of 2250mm (7 6 ) above ground level; a minimum of 2600mm (8 6 ) is preferred. Plants that drop large seedpods shall not overhang the walkway. Avoid poisonous plants adjacent to the walkway or rest area. 9

12 Plant materials may affect melting snow and ice on walkways or may create dark shade areas causing inconsistent lighting. Consider their mature shadow patterns during summer and winter months before deciding on a location or type of plant. Many trees with shallow or surface root systems will heave or break walkway surfaces. Use caution when choosing these varieties. Allow views of the path to and from the sidewalk and street for safety. 10

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14 2. HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION 2.1 General Criteria (See Figure 3) All horizontal circulation within a building shall provide clear access routes as defined below: Where changes in elevation do exist, ramps (with slopes no greater than 1:20), elevators or platform lifts shall be provided to maintain the continuity of an accessible route. Where a door, or series of doors, restricts the movement of a wheelchair user or person with a mobility impairment, 'hold-open' devices conforming to McGill standards shall be used to maintain the continuity of an accessible route where permitted by Code (as per McGill Standards section ). Doors in access routes shall be transparent wherever possible in order to ensure proper visibility for persons moving in either direction. (Refer to sections and 2.3.8) The minimum clear width of corridors with low pedestrian traffic shall be not less than 1200mm (4 0 ). For medium to high traffic areas, the minimum clear width shall be not less than 1500mm (5 0 ). More space may be required when doors swing into the path of travel. Dead end corridors shall be no longer than 6m (20 0 ) and shall provide sufficient space for a person using a wheelchair or a scooter to turn around. There shall be signage indicating no through passage and a minimum of 3150mm (10 6 ) diameter turn area at the end of the dead end corridor. Objects protruding from walls with their leading edges between 675mm (2 3 ) and 2250mm (7 6 ) from the floor shall protrude not more than 100mm (4 ) into pedestrian areas. It is preferable that all objects be recessed off the path of travel even if they are lower than 675mm (2 3 ) from the floor. Theoretically, protrusions at that low level shall be detected by a white cane; however practically, they might not be detected and consequently cause injury. When retrofitting buildings, if the ceiling height prohibits respecting the 2250mm (7 6 ) minimum height clearance without protrusions, signs and other obstacles may be placed at a minimum of 2025mm (6 8 ) from floor level to the bottom of the sign. A guardrail having its leading edge at or below 675mm (2 3 ) from the floor shall be provided where the headroom of an area adjoining an accessible route is reduced to less than 2025mm (6 8 ). The minimum clear width of aisles within offices, classrooms and language labs shall be 900 mm (3 0 ). Corridors shall be uniformly lit to a level of 100 lux, glare-free, with a slip-resistant finish. There shall be a clear demarcation of changes in floor level and slope edges of corridors\walkways provided by colour contrasts and changes of texture Walls Different wall schemes employing colour and texture can be used to identify different areas in a building and aid wayfiniding for people with low vision. Visual clutter shall be avoided however because of its adverse effects on people with cognitive, hearing, and visual impairments, as well as those with balance difficulties. 12

15 Based on UDI s specifications for walls, McGill Standards requires that walls shall: Be colour contrasted from the floor or have a contrasting boundary where the wall meets the floor. Have a matte finish with no rough surfaces for people with low or no vision who rely on touching the wall in their wayfinding. Not be composed entirely of glass, mirror or highly polished metal which is difficult to distinguish for people with low vision. Where this condition exists, a 100mm to 125mm (4 to 5 ) horizontal contrasting strip must be applied the full width of the wall at a height of 1350mm (4 6 ) from the floor finish Floors Based on UDI s specifications for floors, McGill Standards requires that floor surfaces shall: Have a non-glare surface. Be slip resistant. Avoid visual clutter in its patterns. Be a colour that allows lighting to be consistent and appropriately well illuminated. If carpeted, be securely fixed with low level loop and be properly level cut. If containing mats, have mats that are colour contrasted from the surrounding surfaces, not exceed 13mm (1/2 ), have a bevelled edge, and be securely fixed or placed in a depression. 2.2 Barrier-Free Path of Travel The provision of a barrier-free path within a building includes the exterior paths within the property lines from the street and parking areas to the barrier-free entrances and interior paths from the entrance to all areas normally occupied by employees, students or consumers of services. A barrier-free path of travel assumes either level access, a gradual slope of 1:20 (5%) or less, an appropriate ramp, and/or elevating devices in addition to or in lieu of stairs. Level access and a gradual slope are the preferred and the most reliable methods of access. When a barrier-free path of travel is provided, there shall be access to all suites and rooms adjacent to the barrier-free path of travel General Requirements A barrier-free path of travel shall: Be not less than 1200mm (4 0 ) wide for an accessible path of travel with limited pedestrian traffic and a minimum 1500mm (5 0 ) wide for one person using a wheelchair or scooter to pass another. Provide the surface with the least resistance. Be continuous and even from any cracks or deteriorations. Be firm, level, and flush with no gaps (such as grates) larger than 6mm (1/4 ). Use materials that are slip resistant and have a non-glare surface. Have joints that are flush with no difference in height greater than 6mm (1/4 ). Be equipped with a guard rail (complying with NBC 3.4 Guards) not less than 1050mm (3 6 ) in height along any adjacent change in elevation of more than 300mm (1 0 ) 13

16 For buildings located on sloping sites, a wheelchair user shall not be required to travel outside the building in order to gain access to another level. It is necessary to provide interior, accessible routes to all levels. Escalators do not constitute a barrier-free path of travel in a building Changes in Elevation Based on UDI s specifications, McGill Standards for changes in elevation is the following: There shall be no change in elevation greater than 6mm (1/4 ) throughout a barrier-free path of travel. If there is a change in elevation greater than 6mm (1/4 ) but no more than 13mm (1/2 ), it must be bevelled. Changes in elevation greater than 13mm (1/2 ) must be designed as a curb ramp, ramp or elevating device. Gradual changes in elevation shall have slopes no steeper than 1:20 (5%). Slopes 1:20 (5%) or less steep are preferred and are not designated as ramps. Slopes 1:19 (5.25%) and steeper must be designed following the standards for ramps Passing and Rest Areas along the Path of Travel The requirements in section apply. 14

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18 2.3 Doors General Requirements Doors shall be selected and mounted to reduce sound transmission. This is of particular importance for people with hearing disabilities. Revolving doors or turnstiles are not suitable for accessibility and shall never be the only means of access. It is preferred that doors open to the right to aid people with guide dogs. It is usual for the guide dog to be on the left side so the left hand is on the dog harness. However, doors shall be oriented not to swing into the route of travel. Door edges and jambs shall be rounded. Doors and doorframes shall be colour contrasted from the surrounding surfaces to be identifiable by people with low vision. Fire exit doors shall be painted a different colour from the others for easier identification. Unpainted stainless steel doors may be inappropriate due to insufficient colour contrast from the surrounding environment as well as producing glare Clear width (See Figure 4) The minimum clear width of a door opening shall be 850mm (34 ). The clear width is determined by measuring from the face of the door when opened 90 to the stop. The door size does not solely determine the clear opening; therefore, a 900mm (3 0 ) standard door will usually be sufficient. When retrofitting a building, offset (swing clear) hinges are suggested to maximize the clear width opening without changing the doorframe Door Opening Force The maximum force required to open an exterior door shall be 38N, and 22N for an interior door Clear Space at Doors (See Figure 4) The clear floor space at doors shall be 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) on the pull side of the door, and 1200mm x 1500mm (4 0 x 5 0 ) on the push side. The larger dimension on the push side refers to the dimension away from the door. The minimum clear space beyond the latch side of the door shall be 600mm (2 0 ) on the pull side; and 300mm (1 0 ) on the push side. The clear space adjacent to the door latch allows a person on a wheelchair or scooter to approach the latch and open/close the door Doors in Series (See Figure 4) The minimum distance between two doors in series shall be 1500mm (5 0 ) plus the width of any door swinging into the space. McGill Standards uses this larger dimension because the Code does not provide for tolerance for error in lining up between door swings and does not consider use by persons in larger motorized wheelchairs and scooters. Vestibules at entrances and accessible washrooms must comply with this requirement. 16

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20 2.3.6 Double-Leaf Doorways (See Figure 5) Each opening in a doorway having two independently operated door leaves shall have a minimum clear width of 850mm (34 ). If both doors in an existing double-leaf doorway cannot be made to comply with this requirement, then at least one active leaf shall provide a minimum clear opening of 850mm (34 ), and appropriate signage shall be located to identify the accessible door. A central post installed between the double doors shall be avoided because it presents difficulty for people with guide dogs or escorts and reduces the clear opening width of the doors Glass Doors Glazing in doors provides opportunities for children and for a person in a wheelchair to see and to be seen which contributes to eliminating injury. The amount of glass must be limited because large areas of glass can be mistaken for an open area by people with visual impairments General Requirements Door hardware and doorframes of glass doors shall contrast in colour and brightness with the surrounding surfaces. Colour and brightness contrasting markings no less than 125mm (5 ) in width shall be applied horizontally across the full door or panel surface at a height of 1350mm (4 6 ) above the floor. Glazing shall not go below 300mm (1 0 ) from the floor to avoid damage from wheelchairs. The requirements of NBC , Transparent Doors and Panels, shall apply Vision Panels and Transparent Panels (See Figure 5) Where transparent glazing is incorporated into a door which requires a fire rating of 45 minutes, the lowermost edge shall be at 950mm (3 2 ) above the floor. Where provided, glazing shall be at least 75mm (3 ) in width located on the latch side of the door. The top of any vision panel shall be at 1800mm (6 0 ) above the floor, and shall permit a wheelchair user to see and be seen. If a panic bar is installed, the lower edge of the vision panel shall be raised to approximately 1100mm (3 8 ) in order to clear the panic bar Thresholds Thresholds at the intersection of floor areas shall be flush with the floor and shall contrast in colour and brightness with surrounding floor surfaces. If thresholds cannot be eliminated in existing situations (retrofit), the requirements in section must apply for changes in elevation Door Hardware (See Figure 6) Handles All interior doors shall conform to the following general requirements: Interior doors must be supplied with LEVER hardware with a return back towards the door to eliminate catching clothing. 18

21 A push-pull hardware may be used on doors without latches. The pull hardware shall have a minimum 50mm (2 ) clearance between the loop of the handle and the door. Doors leading to hazardous areas such as fire escapes, loading platforms, and mechanical/electrical rooms, shall have a roughened or knurled handle. This cue provides vital information for people with visual impairments. Door hardware shall be colour contrasted from the surrounding door surface. The handle shall be mounted at a height of 900mm (3 0 ), measured from the floor to the centre-line. McGill Standards approves the use of Corbin/Russwin (CL3300 series lockset with NZD lever in 626 finish). All exterior doors shall: Be supplied with door pulls or push plates that do not require forceful grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist McGill Standards approves the use of door pulls by Trimco/BBW (model x MTG E x 630 or model x MTG E x 630) Emergency Pushbars Hardware Emergency pushbar exit devices shall: Be readily operable and installed to release the latch when a force of not more than 38N is applied for exterior doors and 22N for interior doors. The effective width of the doorway must not be reduced. Be mounted at a height of 900mm (3 0 ), measured from the floor to the centre-line of the emergency pushbar. McGill Standards approves the use of the following models: For single doors: Corbin/Russwin (ED5600 series with heavy-duty trim N9M00 series, both in 626 finish). For double doors: Corbin/Russwin (ED5400 series with heavy-duty trim N900 series, both in 626 finish) Hold-Open Devices / Electromagnetic Locks Hold-open devices shall be installed on all doors along barrier-free routes of travel (as defined in section 2.1) except where prohibited by Code. The maximum force required to open a door is outlined in section Hold-open devices shall otherwise comply with the requirements of the NBC (4) Door Release Hardware. McGill Standards approves the use of Rixson (FM900 series) or the equivalent Door Closers The use of door closers shall be discouraged where not required by Code. Door closers, where required by Code, shall have a closing period of more than three seconds from an open position of 90 to a semi-closed position of approximately 12 (ref. CSA Interior Door Closers). The door shall not take too long to open because people would tend to think that the door does not work. A good balance between allowing people sufficient time to move through the door and not making them wait unduly must be achieved. Door closers shall offer as little resistance as practicable for easier opening by people with limited upper body strength. The higher resistance for exterior doors recognizes typical problems associated with wind and stack action, but many people with limited hand and arm strength 19

22 cannot open exterior doors that require strength of 38N. Power door operators eliminate this difficulty when used. Door closers shall allow the door to close completely. A partially opened door may cause problems for people with visual impairments. McGill Standards approves the use of the following models: For interior doors: Norton (7500 series) or Corbin/Russwin (DC6200 series). For exterior doors: Norton (7500 series with UNI or UNI-J arm) or Corbin/Russwin (DC6200 series with A11 or A12 arm) Kick Plates Kick plates, 300mm (1 0 ) high, are required to protect doors from wheelchair footrests. They shall be installed on exterior doors and on interior doors in barrier-free paths of travel. The kick plates can aid opening doors since people using wheelchairs will often use the footrest to push or hold a door open. McGill Standards approves the use of Trimco kick plates models K0050, KA050-1, or KA The protective plates must be 1.25mm (0.050 ) thick in aluminium, brass, bronze, or stainless steel with countersunk screw holes Hinges If existing doorframes cannot be widened to meet the minimum clear width requirement, then swing-clear or wrap around hinges are recommended. The use of ball bearing hinges is also recommended because they can reduce resistance due to the weight of the door and can make a heavy door easier to open. McGill Standards approves the use of the following models: For swing-clear application: Stanley model FBB268. For standard application: Stanley model FBB179. For heavy-duty application: Stanley model FBB168. For exterior application: Stanley model FBB

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24 2.4 Power and Automatic Door Openers Locations where required Automatic Door Openers are required: At accessible main entrance doors. If an existing door is not readily operable, i.e. more than 38N is required to open an exterior door or more than 22N is required to open an interior door. When the minimum clear space required beyond the latch side of the door cannot be provided. When the minimum clear floor area required on the push and pull sides of the door cannot be provided. Power Door Openers are required: At the main accessible entrances of major McGill buildings. Power operators need to be provided to allow independent entry by people who are unable to open doors. People using a wheelchair without hand use shall be able to independently approach and enter through a power door. Also, in cold climates, push plates tend to freeze causing the door to remain open or not to open at all; power door openers remedy this problem. The power door opener must be installed at an angle so that it is sensitive to people entering the building and not to every passer by Different Systems Power door openers may consist of electric eye or microwave motion scanners (preferred). Automatic door openers consist of push plates. Fully powered doors controlled by a motion sensor are preferred; sliding doors are most recommended being the most convenient for all users. Sliding doors are preferred to swing doors because the latter can pose a hazard for people with visual impairments. If the swing of the door enters the path of travel, a guard is required to protect pedestrians from being accidentally struck by the swing of the door. The guard shall: Be colour contrasted from its surroundings. Have a horizontal railing at 150mm (6 ), 600mm (2 0 ) and 1050mm (3 6 ). Also, there shall be an audible sound as the door is opening Recommended Standard Unit for Push Plates McGill Standards approves the use of Stanley Magic Access automatic door opener, activated by Stanley Magic Touch circular push plates, diameter of 150mm (6 ). The push plates shall: Be identified with the international symbol of Accessibility in blue, integral with the push plate. Be operable with a closed fist with minimal force. Be colour contrasted from the surrounding surfaces. Be well illuminated. Be mounted at a height of 900mm (3 0 ), measured from the floor to the centre line of the push plate with a second push plate at 225mm (9 ) that may be activated by foot or a wheelchair s footrest for people without hand use. 22

25 2.4.4 Installation Specifications for Push Plates a) Frontal approach: (See Figure 7) On the pull side of the door, the distance to the push plate shall be equal to the length of the door swing plus 300mm (1 0 ); and on the push side of the door, 450mm (1 6 ). b) Parallel approach: (See Figure 7) For a parallel approach, a clear area of 750mm x 1200 mm (2 6 x 4 0 ) is required in front of the door. The push plate shall be located at a distance of 450mm (1 6 ) centre-line from the doorframe. If the clear area cannot be provided, then the push plate shall be located on the closest adjacent wall which provides appropriate clearance. c) Automatic Doors in Series: For two doors in series, the first push plate approached in a direction of travel shall activate the door continuing in the same direction of travel. Push plates located in existing vestibules shall be located so that the activation of the second door in series does not interfere with the closing action of the first door. d) Delay-Action: Automatic and power door openers shall take not less than 3 seconds to move from the closed to the fully open position and shall remain fully open until the door swing area is cleared by the user. e) Ramps: The location of the push plate shall be on the landing in front of the ramp, in conformance with other standards. 23

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27 3. VERTICAL CIRCULATION 3.1 Stairs (See Figure 8) Stairs shall be considered in conjunction with ramps because some people have difficulties negotiating slopes General Requirements Stairways shall be enclosed and placed off the path of travel to avoid becoming a potential hazard as an unmarked obstacle for people with visual impairments. Curved stairways shall never be the only means of vertical travel since they are difficult to negotiate by many people due to their circular motion and uneven tread depth. All landings, treads, and nosings shall be stable, firm, slip-resistant, and free of projections that could cause tripping. Exterior stairs shall be sloped 10mm per meter (1/8 per foot) to drain surface water Landings The distance between landings shall be minimized to provide resting areas for people with respiratory, stamina, and balance difficulties. The landings shall: Have handrails that are continuous throughout the landing area. Be large enough to allow others to pass a person in this area without risk of falling. Refer to section 3.4 of the NBC for detailed stair design requirements Treads Stairs shall: Have uniform riser heights and tread depths Have risers not more than 175mm (7 ) high for people with stiff knee joints and for children. Have treads not less than 275mm (11 ) deep, measured from riser to riser. It is recommended that treads are 325mm (1 1 ) deep to ensure that a person can securely place his or her entire foot on the step. Have no open risers. People who wear leg braces or prosthetic devices need a solid riser to guide the foot up the riser to the next step. People with crutches and canes place the crutch or cane against the riser for stability. Have treads that are slip-resistant, glare-free, matte finish, and have colour and brightnesscontrasted edges if nosings are not provided Nosings Nosings shall: Have the horizontal and vertical faces of the nosing colour and texture contrasted from the treads and risers Project not more than 38mm (1 ½ ). Have no abrupt undersides. Be flush, angled, or rounded. 25

28 Have a radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread not more than 13 mm (1/2 ). Where projecting, be sloped to the riser at an angle greater than 60 to the horizontal. Be illuminated at least 200 lux. Illumination of the stairs from the lower landing directed up increases the visibility of the tread edge. Be slip-resistant. Be apparent from both directions of travel Detectable Warning Surfaces- Visual and Tactile At the top of all flights of stairs and on landings, there shall be a detectable warning surface to inform people with visual impairments of any drop in elevation. The detectable warning surface shall contrast from its surroundings in its use of colour for people with low vision, and in its use of texture, and resiliency for blind persons. The material used as a detectable warning surface shall be installed as an integral part of the walking surface. The warning surface must not exceed by more than 3mm (1/8 ) above or below the surrounding surfaces, be detectable as different through texture, sound and colour, and be slip resistant. No other similar surfaces shall be used within the building that could be confused with the warning surface. There must be sufficient coverage to ensure there is time to recognize the surface and react before the first step is taken. Detectable warning surfaces shall: Extend the full width of the stairs. Extend 600mm (2 0 ) starting one tread depth back from the top stair. All stairs in existing buildings shall be refurbished to have a minimum of a visually contrasting strip at the top and bottom of all flights of stairs; this is a minimum requirement for persons with low vision to detect any change in elevation. The visual contrast may be achieved with yellow or orange epoxy paint. 26

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30 3.2 Ramps Ramps are important as a means of vertical circulation for people on wheelchairs and scooters, parents with strollers, deliveries, and people with walkers Definition Floors or walks in a barrier-free path of travel having a slope greater than 1:20 shall be designed as ramps. Any slope of 1:20 or less steep is not a ramp and does require handrails, guards, etc Slope Ramps with a slope of greater than 1:16 can be very difficult for people with limited upper body strength. They pose less of a problem for people in motorized wheelchairs; however, steep slopes can be unsafe to descend especially outdoors in severe climates. General requirements for slopes: For a maximum vertical rise of 75mm (3 ), the allowable slope shall be 1:10. For a vertical rise between landings that exceeds 75mm (3 ), the maximum allowable slope shall be 1:16. If restricted by limited space when retrofitting a McGill building, ramps with a slope of 1:12 shall be restricted to lengths not exceeding 3m. The maximum permitted cross slope is 1: Clear Width Ramp widths vary according to their use and slope. The minimum clear width shall be 900mm (3 0 ). Where two ways pedestrian traffic is anticipated, a ramp shall be a minimum width of 1800mm (6 0 ) to accommodate two wheelchairs or scooters passing each other Landings (See Figure 9) There are three types of ramp landings: a) Landings along a ramp: Level areas of not less than 1500mm (5 0 ) long and at least the same width as the ramp are required at intervals of not more than 9m (30 0 ) along its length. These landings provide rest areas for people with disabilities. It is preferred that all landings be a minimum of 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) or larger even if the ramp width is less than 1500mm (5 0 ). This is the minimal dimension required for a person in a manual wheelchair to turn around and go in the reverse direction. Creating landings that are large enough for power wheelchairs 2250mm x 2250mm (7 6 x 7 6 ) and for scooters 3150mm x 3150mm (10 6 x 10 6 ) to turn around must be considered. b) Landings at ramp turns, tops and bottoms: A level area not less than 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) is required for turning and for landings at the top and bottom of the ramp. Switchback ramps require a turning clear area of a minimum of 1500mm x 1800mm (5 0 x 6 0 ). c) Landings leading to a door: A level area not less than 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) plus an extension of not less than 600mm (24 ) beyond the latch of the door on the pull side, and 300mm (12 ) beyond the latch of the door on the push side, is required at landings leading to a door. 28

31 3.2.5 Interior and Exterior Ramp Surfaces Ramp and landing surfaces shall be slip-resistant. McGill Standards recommends Tarasafe Super with maximum slip-resistance for interior ramp surfaces Detectable Warning Surfaces At the beginning and the end of the ramp, there shall be a detectable warning surface, which must be marked with colour, texture, and resiliency contrasting from the surrounding surfaces. This is particularly important for people with visual impairments Outdoor Conditions Exterior ramps and their approaches shall be designed so that water does not accumulate on the transitional surfaces or landings, and shall be sheltered from snow and ice where possible Ramp Edge Protection Ramps and landings not at grade or adjacent to a wall shall have edge protection so that wheelchairs and scooters cannot veer off the ramp surface and to assist people with white canes. Edge protection is in addition to guards and handrails. The ramp edge protection shall consist of ONE of the following: A rail with the bottom edge not more than 75mm (3 ) above the ramp or landing surface. A curb with a minimum height of 75mm (3 ). A raised barrier of a minimum height of 75mm (3 ) with its lower edge not more than 75mm (3 ) above the ramp or landing surface Illumination Ramps require a minimum lighting level of 200 lux that is consistent throughout Maintenance Snow and debris shall be removed immediately. Any wear that disrupts the firm and level surface will eliminate the usefulness of the ramp and shall be repaired immediately. 29

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33 3.3 Handrails Handrails are safety features that enable people to steady themselves and provide cues as to the degree of slope. On ramps, handrails also provide extra support for people using manual wheelchairs to either slow down or pull themselves up the slope General Requirements (See Figure 10) Notwithstanding the requirements of the NBC, handrails shall be provided on both sides of interior and exterior stairs and ramps regardless of their width, length or type. When handrails are installed at intermediate points between the sides, they shall be placed to minimise interference with the general flow of traffic. Handrails on stairs and ramps shall: Have a circular section, 30-40mm (1-1 ½ ) in diameter, or an approved oval shape providing an equivalent gripping surface. Be free of any sharp or abrasive elements. Have continuous gripping surfaces, without interruption by newel posts, other construction elements, or obstructions that can break a hand hold. The continuity of the handrail is particularly important for people with visual impairments who rely on handrails to assist them in negotiating changes in direction. Be continuous, on both sides of the stairway or ramp, including the landing, except at doorways. Have a clear space between the handrail and the wall of 35-45mm (1 1/2-2 ); or at least 60mm (2 ½ ) where the wall has a rough surface. Be at a uniform height throughout the stairway or the ramp. Return to the wall, floor or post to avoid creating a hazard particularly for people with visual impairments. Be colour contrasted from their surrounding surfaces to be easily detectable by people with visual impairments. Have a detectable warning finish such as a roughened surface for a minimum distance of 1200mm (4 0 ) long located immediately before the potential hazard if the handrails leads to a hazardous area. Be designed to support 113kg (250lb) and be kept securely fastened at all times. A recess containing a handrail shall extend at least 450mm (1 6 ) above the top of the rail. McGill Standards recommends circular steel handrails or an approved alternative material Ramp Handrails (See Figure 10) A ramp run with a rise greater than 150mm (6 ) shall have handrails that: Are installed on both sides to aid people who may have strength only on one side. Are spaced apart at a minimum distance of 900mm ± 25mm (3 0 ± 1 ). Are continuous on the inside of switchback or dogleg ramps and When not continuous, extend horizontally at least 300mm (1 0 ) beyond the top and bottom of the ramp. McGill Standards requires 2 handrails conforming to the following specifications: One wheelchair accessible handrail mounted between 600mm 750mm ( ) above the ramp surface and One guard mounted between 850mm 950mm ( ) above the ramp surface. 31

34 3.3.3 Stair Handrails Handrails as described in CSA, 4.6, Handrails, shall conform to the requirements in NBC, and NBC, , Guard. They shall: Be installed on both sides. Have their tops between 800mm and 900mm ( ) from the stair nosing. Have a continuous inside handrail on switchback or dogleg stairs. Where not continuous, i Extend at the top of the stairs parallel with the floor surface not less than 300mm (1 0 ). The extension would aid people with physical disabilities to regain balance after completing the flight of stairs. ii. Continue at the bottom of the stairs to slope for a distance equal to the depth of one tread and then extend parallel to the floor surface not less than 300mm (1 0 ). The extension would aid people with physical disabilities to steady themselves before using the stairs. 3.4 Guards Guards shall conform to the requirements of NBC, , Guards. General requirements for improved accessibility: Openings between the guard members shall be 100mm (4 ) or less. Where windows are located on stairways or ramps, guards shall be installed covering the glass as protection from unintentional injury. The potential of injury consists of a person losing balance or control of a wheelchair or a scooter and consequently falling into the glass. The design of the guard must not permit children to climb up. No horizontal pieces must be added between the guards located from 140mm to 900mm (5 ½ to 3 0 ). 32

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36 3.5 Elevators (See Figure 11) The specifications below for elevators are subject to review by the University's elevator consultants. The requirements for elevators are outlined in detail in Appendix E of CSA Standard CAN/CSA - B44 - M90; an excerpt is included in Appendix C of CSA, Barrier-Free Design; McGill Standards conform to the CSA standard General Requirements A barrier-free path shall lead to an elevator. There shall be a minimum of two elevators for every floor, to provide a back-up unit. At least one of these elevators shall be located near the accessible entrance. A clear level area immediately in front of the elevator is required. A minimum of 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) for a manual wheelchair, 2250mm x x2250mm (7 6 x 7 6 ) for a power wheelchair, and 3150mm x 3150mm (10 6 x 10 6 ) for a scooter is required. The elevators must service all levels including garage levels. The elevator doors shall have a matte finish to reduce glare and shall be colour-contrasted from the surrounding surfaces. The gap between the elevator car and the building shall not be more than 35mm (1 ½ ) wide. Elevator lobbies shall be appropriately illuminated to not require a great transitional adjustment time in the level of lighting between the elevator car and the lobby. Elevator cars are required to have a level of lighting of 400 lux; therefore, the lobby shall have a similar lighting level. This is particularly important for people with visual impairments. Elevator lobbies and elevator floors shall not be carpeted. Elevators shall never have keyed access or require summoning an operator or staff person, other than in secured areas. These features limit independence and are stigmatising and segregating. An indicator shall be installed to identify the location of the elevators. It shall be illuminated and have the characters colour contrasted, a maximum of 1750mm (5 10 ) from the floor and be a minimum of 50mm (2 ) high Signage and the Hall Call Button Signage indicating the floor level shall: Be placed on the door jamb 1350mm (4 6 ) from the finished floor to the centre of the number. The numerals shall: Be colour contrasted. Be raised a minimum 1.6mm (1/16 ). Be 50mm (2 ) high. Be repeated in Braille to the left of the number or character. The hall call button shall: Be placed to the right of the elevator door or in between sets of two elevators. 34

37 Be located no higher than 1200mm (4 0 ) from the floor to the centre of the buttons. A horizontal control panel is a design alternative. Be located at least 300mm (1 0 ) from a corner. Have a clear space of at least 900mm x 1500mm (3 0 x 5 0 ) in front of the buttons. Be a minimum of 25mm (1 ) in diameter mounted one above the other. Have visual, tactile, Braille and audible signals to indicate which car is approaching and its direction of travel, located at each elevator entrance. The audible signal shall sound in the car and in the elevator lobby; it shall either sound one tone indicating the elevator is going up and two tones indicating the elevator is going down or have a verbal enunciator indicating the floor number and whether the car is going up or down. Not have sensitive buttons. People using the tactile and Braille information may activate such buttons inadvertently Elevator Car The minimum car dimensions shall be 1500mm x 1700mm (5 0 x 5 8 ) for manual wheelchairs and stretchers, 2250mm x 2250mm (7 6 x 7 6 ) for power wheelchairs, and 3150mm x 3150mm (10 6 x 10 6 ) for scooters. The elevator doors shall have a clear width of at least 900mm (3 0 ). The elevator car shall have handrails installed at the back and side walls of the car and mounted at 850mm (2 10 ). The handrails must be graspable and colour contrasted from their surroundings. The flooring must be firm and slip resistant. It shall be colour contrasted from the walls and colour and texture contrasted from each elevator lobby. The walls of the elevator car shall be glare free. An inclined mirror or a full length mirror shall be mounted on the back wall of the elevator car to enable a wheelchair user to execute a reverse exiting; this is required only in existing elevators that do not provide the minimum 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) turning circle. The elevator must have automatic controls, and a levelling device to ensure the car floor is level with the elevator lobby floor to +13mm (1/2 ). The door delay shall be at minimum of 5 seconds. The door shall have reopening activators with sensors located at 125mm (5 ) and 725mm (2 5 ) above floor finish to avoid contact as a person, cane or dog crosses through the doorway. These activators do not require contact, and remain effective for a period of not less than 20 seconds. As the car passes each floor, an audible tone or a verbal enunciator shall sound inside the elevator car. A minimum lighting level of 400 lux is required Elevator Car Controls Elevator control buttons shall not be located higher than 1350mm (4 6 ) from the floor finish to the top of the control panel. Emergency and alarm buttons shall be located no lower than 875mm (2 11 ). Buttons shall be no smaller than 25mm (1 ) in diameter. When pushed, buttons shall recess no more than 10mm (3/8 ). Buttons shall not be heat sensitive. 35

38 Arabic numerals sans-serif shall be located to the left of the floor buttons and be colour contrasted from the background, no less than 16mm (5/8 ) high, raised a minimum 1.6mm (1/16 ), and repeated in grade two Braille under the numeral or pictogram. Symbols shall identify key features including a star to mark the main floor. The door open and close buttons as well the emergency call button shall be located at the bottom of the panel and be indicated with a contrasting colour. A telephone shall be located no higher than 1200mm (4 0 ) from the floor with a cord at least 900mm (3 0 ) long. It shall be identified with a pictogram 38mm (1 ½ ) high and projecting 0.8mm (1/32 ). The cabinet shall have a D-shaped handle. The telephone shall include a volume control. An intercom device is acceptable provided that there be a visual and audible confirmation of the call being received. Facilities Development has standards for call button, these standards shall be consulted Platform Lifts Platform lifts should not be used. They are unreliable and generally require high maintenance. In addition, the controls on platform lifts are not appropriate for persons with certain disabilities. They can provide an option in renovations when other means are not possible, but shall never be used in new construction. If platform lifts are considered to be the only means for providing access, the technical requirements for platform lifts shall conform to those outlined in CAN/CSA - B355 Standard. General Requirements: Platform lifts shall be self-levelling. The requirements for handrails, call buttons, cabin control panels and floor enunciator as outlined in CAN/CSA - B355, shall apply. McGill Standards recommends the following features: anti-creep device; downspeed-limiting device; upper and lower limits; slack cable safety device, where applicable; emergency battery lowering and automatic recharging in down direction in building power failure; emergency alarm and in-car lighting in building power failures. Platform lifts shall be large enough to accommodate at least one person in a wheelchair and one ambulatory person at the same time. It shall have sufficient turning space if turning is required to enter or exit. Platform lifts are only appropriate for moving no more than 2400mm (8 0 ) vertically when unenclosed and 7000mm (24 0 ) when enclosed. Longer distances require an elevator. Vertical clearances at landings shall be a minimum of 1950mm (6 6 ). 36

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40 4. PLUMBING SERVICES 4.1 Washrooms Locations Required A barrier-free washroom shall be provided at the main entrance level of every McGill building. An accessible toilet shall be provided on every floor where washrooms are provided. In retrofitting a building for washrooms, an accessible washroom shall be located at every third floor. An accessible washroom with a private sink unit shall be located at all major academic building entrances where there is a significant population with disabilities. Accessible washrooms and accessible stalls shall be designated by the appropriate International Symbol of Accessibility. Inaccessible washrooms shall have directional signage in their vicinity to indicate the barrier-free path of travel to the nearest accessible unisex washroom or toilet room. The accessible washroom shall not be located more than 15m (50 0 ) away of the inaccessible washrooms Public Washrooms Entrances The entrance to public washrooms that integrate accessible toilet stalls shall be made accessible. An entrance with two doors in a series or a partition wall with insufficient room to manoeuvre creates difficult and awkward situations. The preferred entrance is with no doors and with a minimum of a 1200mm (4 0 ) wide path into the washroom. If two doors are unavoidable, the doors shall have power openers and have a minimum of 1500mm (5 0 ) clear space between the door swings. A clear space of 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) in front of the entry to the toilet stall is required. It is recommended to have a minimum distance of 2250mm (7 6 ) between the stall door and the entrance to the washroom. The aisle to the washroom stalls needs to be a minimum of 1200mm (4 0 ) wide Basic Washroom Units There are two basic washroom units: a 'toilet' unit and a 'toilet with private sink' unit: Toilet unit (See Figure 12) For new construction, The floor area for an accessible toilet unit shall be a minimum of 1500mm x 2400mm (5 0 x 8 0 ). Accessible toilet Stall doors shall be colour contrasted from their surroundings to be easily recognized by people with visual impairments. Doors for toilet stalls and accessible unisex cabins shall be outward swinging and equipped with self-closing gravity hinges, or Provide a door pull on the inside of the door to reduce the distance needed to pull it closed from the inside of the stall. The door pull shall: Be at least 140mm (5 ½ ) long. 38

41 Be located 100mm (4 ) from the hinge edge of the door to the midpoint of the handle. Be located 900mm (3 0 ) high from the floor to the midpoint of the handle. An additional door pull shall be located on the latch side of the outside of the door. The minimum required clear width of the door opening is 850 mm (34 ). The door must be lockable from inside the stall with a mechanism that does not require tight grasping or pinching. At least 300mm (1 0 ) clear floor space is required beyond the latch side of the doors. A minimum 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) clear floor space shall be provided adjacent to the toilet for a side transfer from the wheelchair to the toilet. A minimum 1500mm x 1500 mm (5'0" x 5'0") clear space shall be provided in front of an accessible toilet stall door. The toilet stall door shall abut the required minimum clear floor space. Existing privacy walls or entrance screens that project into the minimum required clear area of 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) on the pull side of the door shall be shortened until the clear floor space requirement is met or removed (and another privacy alternative shall be considered). For retrofitting toilet units, In general, to facilitate the retrofitting of accessible units into existing washroom areas, the above standards are reduced to allow for the conversion of TWO standard washroom stalls into ONE accessible toilet unit. However, if additional space is available, then every attempt shall be made to achieve the standards listed above. Existing washrooms retrofitted to provide an accessible stall shall meet the following minimal requirements: A minimum 1500mm x 1500mm (5 0 x 5 0 ) floor area. A minimum 900mm (3 0 ) clear floor space in front of toilet. A minimum 900mm (3 0 ) clear floor space adjacent to toilet. A toilet stall door aligned to face the minimum 900mm (3 0 ) clear floor space. 39

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