Formula SAE Race Car Cockpit Design An Ergonomics Study for the Cockpit

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1 SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES Formula SAE Race Car Cockpit Design An Ergonomics Study for the Cockpit Eva Mariotti and Badih Jawad Lawrence Technological University 2000 Future Transportation Technology Conference Costa Mesa, California August 21-23, Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA U.S.A. Tel: (724) Fax: (724)

2 The appearance of this ISSN code at the bottom of this page indicates SAE s consent that copies of the paper may be made for personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay a $7.00 per article copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. Operations Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. SAE routinely stocks printed papers for a period of three years following date of publication. Direct your orders to SAE Customer Sales and Satisfaction Department. Quantity reprint rates can be obtained from the Customer Sales and Satisfaction Department. To request permission to reprint a technical paper or permission to use copyrighted SAE publications in other works, contact the SAE Publications Group. All SAE papers, standards, and selected books are abstracted and indexed in the Global Mobility Database No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISSN Copyright 2000 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. Positions and opinions advanced in this paper are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of SAE. The author is solely responsible for the content of the paper. A process is available by which discussions will be printed with the paper if it is published in SAE Transactions. For permission to publish this paper in full or in part, contact the SAE Publications Group. Persons wishing to submit papers to be considered for presentation or publication through SAE should send the manuscript or a 300 word abstract of a proposed manuscript to: Secretary, Engineering Meetings Board, SAE. Printed in USA

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4 to the floor. As the seat thigh angle is inclined, the driver will need the pedal assembly higher and closer, and more clearance will be needed between the dash and the floor of the car to accommodate the added height of the drivers' knees. Since lowering the overall center of gravity of the car may increase lateral acceleration (depending on suspension geometry), the seat back angle was set to 50 degrees from the horizontal, a relatively reclined position. Test subjects confirmed that this seat angle was reasonable for driving. Cockpit dimension data was taken from the subjects in the ergonomics apparatus. Additionally, subjects were asked about preferences for type and location of controls and instrumentation. Cockpit dimensions were established based on the data. 9. Shifter location close to the steering wheel so that hand travel between the wheel and the shifter is a minimum distance for quick shifting and faster lap times. 10. Tachometer and warning lights for the oil and temperature gauges within the line of sight, and oil and water temperature gauges within eye range. The following were goals for the cockpit: 1. Reclined seat back angle so that the driver remains at a comfortable driving position. the overall center of gravity of the car is lowered for possible increased lateral acceleration. 2. Seat thigh angle to provide drivers with thigh support while operating the pedals. (Drivers can have better control and leverage on the pedals with bent knees than straight legs.) 3. Seat so that the body to leg angle of the drivers is at a 95 to 105 degree angle for driver comfort and thus better driver performance. 4. Steering location so that the drivers grip the steering wheel so that their upper arm and forearm are at approximately a 90 degree angle for the best mechanical advantage while steering. the drivers can turn the wheel without hitting their legs with the wheel or their hands. (See Figure 1. The steering wheel is not a full circle. The bottom portion of the wheel is flat, but this "added" clearance no longer exists as the wheel is turned.) the drivers can move their legs while operating the pedals without bumping the steering wheel in the process. 5. Dash height so that the steering wheel stays within the height of the dash according to the FSAE rules. See Figure 2. the drivers can see at least 20 feet ahead to the ground for reasonable visibility as specified by the drivers. 6. Clearance between the dash and the floor of the cockpit so that drivers do not hit their legs while exiting the vehicle. (The steering wheel is removable so that it is not an issue during egress.) 7. Proper width of the cockpit to accommodate the seat and the drivers' legs and shoulders. 8. Pedal assembly location so that drivers can reach the pedals. the height of the assembly feels comfortable to the drivers. Figure 1. Ergonomics Apparatus of the Cockpit Figure 2. Cockpit Rules (SAE Rules 5) SUBJECTS The subjects of the cockpit study were the LTU FSAE Car team members since they are the potential drivers for the FSAE Car Competition. This is in accordance with the SAE Rules (10). As the study progressed, driver selection was reduced to seven members, and these subjects became the focus for the cockpit to accommodate; however, the car must also accommodate the 95 th percentile male (Rules 5) and the 5 th percentile female because the car is designed for the "nonprofessional weekend autocross racer" (1). Appendix A contains 95 th percentile male and 5 th percentile female data. Similar data was taken from LTU FSAE team members in Figure A-3.

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