briefing notes crash analysis

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1 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to briefing notes crash analysis a safe system approach Bay of Plenty Region This report details aspects of the Bay of Plenty road safety Region s traffic crash data for the period to. This is the 1 th year we have produced a set of briefing notes reporting on traffic crash data and addressing road safety issues across all local territorial authorities. Safer Journeys (NZ s Road Safety Strategy ) is built upon a safe system approach to road safety, where the emphasis is on reducing the effects of as much as the numbers, and most importantly on reducing fatal and serious casualties on our roads. A crash is a single event that may involve multiple parties, many contributing factors and various casualties. We have focused on the areas of high, medium and emerging concern, set out in Safer Journeys, which are a strategic priority when compared nationally. Each area of concern is calculated locally and regionally by calculating the individual road user s risk of a fatal or a serious injury. We present overviews of the region and its local bodies based upon reported crash data, and the latest trends and crash characteristics for the period. Note that the regional information provided is based on the local government region for Bay of Plenty, although there is also information for the territorial local authorities that are outlined on page. The identified regional issues are discussed in more detail. The information in this report covers both local roads (council owned roads) and state highways. Injury crash data is used throughout the report in charts, tables and maps, unless otherwise stated. number of 9 7 Fatal and serious injury crash trends State highway fatal State highway serious Local road fatal Local road serious

2 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 The region

3 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Safe System approach Safer Journeys, New Zealand s Road Safety Strategy, envisions a safe road system increasingly free of death and serious injury and introduces the Safe System approach to New Zealand. This approach represents a fundamental shift in the way we think about road safety. A Safe System approach is about acknowledging that: Human beings make mistakes and are inevitable The human body has a limited ability to withstand crash forces System designers and users must all share responsibility for managing crash forces to a level that does not result in death or serious injury It will take a whole-of-system approach to implement the Safe System approach in New Zealand

4 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Taking a safe system approach - a case study The following case study is an example of what can go wrong while driving a vehicle on a public road. The parents of the crash victims referred to in the case study have expressed the wish that their tragic story will contribute to safer journeys for all New Zealanders in the future. It was late afternoon one day In January 7 when two teenage sisters aged 1 and 1 were tragically killed as a result of a crash. They were on an over bridge when their car slid sideways, crossed the centreline and hit an oncoming truck. They were killed instantly. The coroner s report identified a number of factors which contributed to the crash. These factors included the tyres fitted to the vehicle, and also the possibility that the driver was texting while driving and may have been distracted. In a safe road system we are encouraged to look at all aspects around on the roads as we work to have a road network increasingly free from death and serious injury. This incident demonstrates the many factors typically involved in a crash. To avoid similar fatalities we need to look beyond driver blame and work on strengthening all parts of the system: the roads and roadsides, the speed, the vehicle and the road use. The response to a problem may lie in more than one of these four cornerstones of a safe road system. For instance, in future, better management of both speed and loss of control may lie in vehicle technology. Using the principles of a Safe System approach in this case, the following has been observed: Safe roads and roadsides: This section of State Highway 1 has a km/h speed limit and is rated a two star road using the KiwiRAP* system for rating roads. The bridge where the crash occurred had a moderate right hand curve and a speed advisory of km/h. Records indicate that there had been five injury reported in the immediate vicinity of the bridge. These included four lost control, one of which resulted in a head-on crash. * KiwiRAP rates roads from one to five stars according to their safety features. Safe vehicles: The vehicle driven by the sisters was a 199 Japanese imported Toyota Trueno, which was unrated in the ANCAP* system. The vehicle had a current warrant of fitness at the time of the crash, but it was found that the tyres were not matched and the rear ones were both low in tread, and designed for cold/snow conditions. If the vehicle involved in this crash had been a five star ANCAP rated vehicle, the chances of fatality would have been reduced. Evidence suggests that this vehicle had lost control on more than one occasion previously due to driver input and had previously been involved in a crash and subsequently repaired. * The Australasian New Car Assessment Programme (ANCAP) tests the protection provided to front seat occupants in serious head-on and side-impact. These ratings allows comparison of the crash protection offered in a serious crash by different vehicles of similar weight. Safe road use: The driver of the car was an 1 year old who held a restricted drivers licence and had been driving for about two years. Evidence indicates that she may have been texting while driving and may have been distracted. In the law changed making cell phone use while driving illegal. Safe speeds: Since the crash the advisory speed has been reduced to 7km/h, and the sign is highlighted by a large white background. The Police investigation established that this vehicle was likely to have lost control due to fast steering input and that excessive speed could not be supported as a cause of the crash. While this tragic crash is still fresh in the memory of these teenagers loved ones, the lessons we can learn from a Safe System approach are of immense value. Road controlling authorities are encouraged to apply the Safe System approach in all their planning. Together we can achieve safer journeys for all New Zealanders.

5 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to A view across the safe system approach Safe roads and roadsides Regional distribution state highway star rating (- fatal & serious) 9 of national total 7 1 Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Hawke's Bay Gisborne Taranaki Manawatu Wanganui Wellington Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland star rated star rated star rated Urban unrated Rural unrated These three charts show the distribution of serious on our state highway network. The chart above shows the regional distribution of all New Zealand serious on our state highway network according to the star rating of that section of road where they occur. The chart below left shows the distribution of serious in Bay of Plenty road safety region on the regions state highway network according to the star rating of that section of road where they occur. This is compared to the regional total length of and the distribution of regional travel on those star rated road sections. The chart below right shows the risk of a serious crash in Bay of Plenty road safety region on the regions state highway network by both road length and individual use according to the star rating of that section of road where they occur. Proportion of regional total 1 Bay of Plenty Rural unrated Urban unrated Number Bay of Plenty Rural unrated Urban unrated State highw ay star rating State highw ay star rating F&S Length % of regional total Travel F&S/km F&S /MVKT

6 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Safe speeds Regional distribution of speed-related (- serious) 1 1 of national total Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Hawke's Bay Gisborne Taranaki Manawatu Wanganui Wellington Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland Safe vehicles Urban local road Rural local road Urban state highway Rural state highway These two charts show the distribution of serious across the road safety regions. The chart above shows speed-related, split to show rural and urban speed zoning and local roads and state highways. The chart below shows the involvement of light vehicles at fault with no current WOF and those with a vehicle fault in fatal or serious. Also the regional proportion of light vehicles, showing both under and over year old vehicles, that have an expired WOF of over days. Regional light vehicle safety measures (- serious ) involvement regionally. 1 Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Hawke's Bay Gisborne Taranaki At fault no WOF Regional fleet under yrs old - expired WOF over days Manawatu Wanganui Wellington Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland Vehicle factor Regional fleet over yrs old - expired WOF over days All NZ

7 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Safe road use 7 Regional variance of individual risk (- serious casualties) Young drivers 1-yrs Older road users over 7yrs Variance from the national average for road users individual risk F&S/MVKT - - Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Hawke's Bay Gisborne Taranaki Manawatu Wanganui Wellington Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland - These two charts show the variance of individual risk to specific road users across the road safety regions. The chart above shows young drivers of light vehicles, that is those aged 1- years, compared with older road users, those persons aged over 7 years. The chart below shows and compares the individual risk to vulnerable road users, these are motorcyclists, cyclists and pedestrians. This measure of risk has been used in this series of reports to select specific issues to be discussed at a regional level. Regional variance of individual risk (- serious casualties) 1. Variance from the national average for road users individual risk F&S/MHrs Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Hawke's Bay Gisborne Taranaki Manawatu Wanganui Wellington Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Motorcyclists Cyclists Pedestrians Otago Southland

8 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Risk levels across Safer Journeys areas of concern Bay of Plenty road safety region selected areas of concern Bay of Plenty Safer Journeys area of concern Tauranga City Western Bay of Plenty District Rotorua District Whakatane District Kawerau District Opotiki District Young drivers Alcohol & drugs Roads & roadsides: Rural roads Roads & roadsides: Urban intersections Too fast for conditions Safer Journeys areas of high concern Motorcyclists Cyclists Pedestrians Attention diverted Areas of medium concern Fatigue Older road users Emerging concern Each area of concern is assessed locally and regionally by calculating the individual road user's risk of a fatal or serious injury. The degree of risk for each issue has been ranked nationally and the significance of this is shown above. For further information - Key: Red High individual risk Amber Medium-high individual risk Green Above average individual risk

9 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to regional overview 9 road trauma Casualties by road user type in Casualties Bay of Plenty Region % % Death Serious injury 171 Minor injury Total casualties 7 7% % Bus * Car/taxi Cyclist Motorcycle Pedestrian SUV/Van Truck Police reported Bay of Plenty Region Fatal % % * note that buses represented 1 percent of road user casualties MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury 1 Local roads $191.m Minor injury 7 State highways $19.m Total injury Total $7.m Non-injury 179 NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast Motorcyclists % % % 1% % % % % % % % All NZ Bay of Plenty Region of injury -

10 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional local roads Between and in Bay of Plenty Region there were 1,9 injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas, (rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more). Casualties by urban/rural - Fatalities Serious Minor Total Crash factor Factors contributing to Local roads - serious all injury Alcohol 1 Rural Urban Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) Total Deaths on local roads in the region were at their highest (over the last five years) in 7 (1) and (17). The most common vehicles involved in serious on local roads were cars (), motorcycles (9), SUV s (), vans or utes (), and bicycles (). Males represented 7 percent of at fault drivers in fatal and serious in Bay of Plenty Region over the last five years. The chart below shows the types of reported. Note that although CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types. Failed to give way or stop 19 1 Failed to keep left Overtaking 1 Incorrect lane or position Poor handling (for example losing control while braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed of others) Crash characteristics - Fatigue Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors 9 9 Pedestrian vs vehicle 11 1 Vehicle factors Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning 1 1 Other (misc) 1 9 Road Factors 1 1 Bend: lost control/head-on 9 Weather Fatal and serious All injury There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged as a contributor. As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Further information about the 1,9 injury on local roads to : 1 percent on wet roads percent at intersections 9 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years ( percent of at fault drivers) 1 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $7m

11 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Regional state highways 11 Between and in Bay of Plenty Region there were 1,9 injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas, (rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more). Casualties by urban/rural - Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 9 1 Urban 1 97 Total Deaths on state highways in the region were at their highest in (7, over the last five years) with an average number of 1 per year. The most common type of crash on state highways was loss of control on a right hand bend (71 ). Sixty-three percent of serious state highway were multiple party. The most common vehicles involved in serious on local roads were cars (9), vans or utes (), SUV s (7), trucks (7) and motorcycles (). The chart below shows the types of reported. As previously note that although CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious 1 7 As previously on local roads the following table shows the contributory crash causes by either serious or all injury All injury 7 Crash factor Factors contributing to State highways - serious all injury Alcohol 1 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) 1 Failed to give way or stop 19 1 Failed to keep left 7 Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 1 1 Poor handling (for example losing control while braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed of others) 1 1 Fatigue 1 11 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors 7 Other (misc) 9 Road Factors 1 1 Weather Further information about the 1,9 injury on state highways in to : percent on wet roads 9 percent at intersections roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years (1 percent of at fault drivers) 9 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $79.m

12 1 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional young driver serious

13 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Young drivers 1 Young drivers are those aged 1 to years. This age group is highly represented in national crash statistics and is a high priority target for Safer Journeys. In Bay of Plenty Region between and, there were 1,17 injury involving young drivers (7 on local roads and on state highways). number of 7 Fatal and serious injury crash trends Other/w rongclass Rearend/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Road Factors Loss of control on bend Loss of control on straight Poor observation Crash characteristics Fatal Serious 7 Failed to stop/give way Speed too fast 11 7 Trends in young at fault drivers are fairly similar to the national trend with the highest number of drivers represented by those aged 17 to 1 in Bay of Plenty Region. Males represented percent of young drivers at fault over the last five years in the region. percentage distribution % 1% % % % Full Learner Age: at fault young drivers - 1 Licence status of at fault young drivers Restricted Never licenced Disqualified 1 17 % % 1 % 19 7% 1 Male Female All NZ % 19% Alcohol/drugs Further information about injury involving young drivers in Bay of Plenty Region -: Local roads deaths, 1 serious and 71 minor percent were single party 71 percent were on urban roads percent at intersections 9 percent at night percent wet or icy roads Worst months February and December, (equal) Worst day of week Friday Worst three hour time period pm to pm State highways 9 deaths, 19 serious and 77 minor 1 percent were single party 1 percent were on urban roads percent at intersections percent at night percent on wet or icy roads Worst month April Worst day of week Saturday Worst three hour time period pm to pm Urban roads Rural roads

14 1 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional alcohol related serious

15 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Alcohol 1 Alcohol affects the way people drive. Studies show that the risk of being involved in a crash increases rapidly as a driver s blood alcohol level rises. A driver over the legal limit (mg of alcohol per ml of blood) is sixteen times more likely to be involved in a fatal crash than a sober driver. In Bay of Plenty Region, alcohol was a factor in injury, 7 on local roads and 9 on state highways. Crash characteristics - 7 Rear-end/obstruction 1 Pedestrian vs vehicle 1 Overtaking This represented a total of 9 percent of serious and percent of injury in the region. Fatal and serious injury crash trends Road Factors Loss of control on bend Loss of control on straight 7 number of No. of at fault drivers 1 Fatal Serious 7 Age and gender of at fault drivers - Full Learner Restricted Never licenced Disqualified Other/w rongclass Age group in years Male drivers % 9% 19% 1% -9 Female drivers Licence status of at fault drivers % 1% Crashes with objects hit Urban roads Poor observation Failed to stop/give way Speed too fast Rural roads Further information about alcohol related injury in Bay of Plenty Region -: Local roads deaths, 11 serious and minor Most common crash type loss of control on a bend ( ) 1 percent at intersections 7 percent night time Worst three hour time period, 9pm to midnight Worst day Saturday, best Monday roadside objects struck Most common object struck, fence State highways deaths, 1 serious and minor Most common crash type loss of control on a bend (1 ) 19 percent at intersections 7 percent night time Worst three hour time period, pm to 9pm Worst day Saturday roadside objects struck Most common object struck, bank

16 1 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional speed related serious

17 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Speed 17 Nationally, speed is one of the major contributing factors to road. Reducing speeds is an important road safety goal for Safer Journeys. Excessive speed increases the likelihood of a crash occurring by reducing the time available for drivers to respond to situations and it leads to more serious. Between and, percent of injury in the region involved travelling too fast for the conditions. number of Speed related in CAS are not where the driver was exceeding the posted speed limit, (although that may also be the case), but are where in the opinion of the reporting Police Officer the driver was travelling too fast for the prevailing conditions. Certainly getting the message through that the posted speed limit is a maximum, but not necessarily a safe speed for every bend, crest, dip or isolated development (or driver) is the key to lowering the crash rate. Local bodies and highway managers can do their part by making sure limits are reasonable, comply with the Speed Limits Rule and are adequately signposted. The Police can do their part by using CAS crash data to put special emphasis where there is demonstrated risk. In this way there is a better chance that drivers will accept that the enforcement is not simply revenue gathering. number of Fatal and serious injury crash trends 7 9 Fatal Serious 9 Injury crash trends urban/rural 7 9 Urban 1 Rural No. of at fault drivers Age and gender of at fault drivers Age group in years -9 Further information about speed related injury in Bay of Plenty Region -: Local roads In 71 injury there were 7 deaths, 1 serious and minor Most common crash type loss of control on a bend (79 ) percent wet road percent night time 1 percent include alcohol as a factor Worst three hour time period, pm to 9pm State highways In 7 injury there were deaths, 1 serious and minor Most common crash type loss of control on a bend (191 ) percent wet road 1 percent night time 1 percent include alcohol as a factor Worst three hour time period, pm to 9pm -9-9 Male drivers Speed related crash factors in detail Too fast for conditions when: Local road Cornering On straight To give way at intersection Approaching a rail crossing 1 When passing a school bus 1 At a temporary speed limit 1 At a crash or emergency Female drivers State highway 1 1

18 1 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional rural road serious

19 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Rural roads 19 High risk rural roads are a high priority for Safer Journeys and many of the issues for these roads are around the provision of a safe road environment. This includes appropriate geometric design, good delineation, adequate surface skid resistance and a roadside free of unforgiving hazards. Between and in Bay of Plenty Region there were 1,7 injury on rural roads (that is roads with a speed limit of km/hr or more). Rural road represented percent of all serious in the region. number of 9 7 Types of road factors in injury Road factor type Fatal and serious injury crash trends 7 9 Fatal Serious A significant problem on rural roads are roadside hazards which contribute to the overall crash outcome by increasing injury severity but can in themselves be a contributory factor in a crash. For example occupants in an errant vehicle striking a large tree close to the road edge are likely to sustain worse than if the tree was not present. CAS records road conditions and road faults at the time of the crash if they are reported by the attending police officer and these are detailed below. Number of times reported Slippery road* Road surface in poor condition Road obstructed Visibility limited 1 Signs or signals (needed or faulty) Markings (needed or faulty) 1 Street lighting * note that NZTA does not assume that a road that is wet is necessarily slippery. This factor is only added to CAS if the attending Police Officer specifically mentions a slippery road. Crash characteristics - Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Loss of control on bend Loss of control on straight Poor observation Failed to stop/give way Local roads Overtaking Road Factors Speed too fast Alcohol/drugs Further information about injury rural road in Bay of Plenty Region -: Local roads In there were deaths, 11 serious and 1 minor Most common crash type was loss of control on a bend (99 ) 11 percent at intersections percent wet road percent night time 91 roadside objects struck percent of included a contributory road related crash factor Most common at fault driver age group, 1 to 19 years ( percent of at fault drivers) State highways In 919 there were deaths, 1 serious and 99 minor Most common crash type loss of control at a bend ( ) 1 percent at intersections 7 percent wet road 7 roadside objects struck percent night time percent of included a contributory road related crash factor Most common at fault driver age group, 1 to 19 years (1 percent of at fault drivers) State highw ays 9

20 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Regional distraction related serious

21 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Distraction 1 Reducing the impact of distraction on is an area of medium concern for road safety. It has long been recognised that distraction is under-reported in New Zealand. In Bay of Plenty Region there were distraction related injury, as detailed in the table below. In recent years the huge growth in the use of cell phones in particular has been of considerable concern. Nationally reported cell phone peaked in. With the change in legislation at the end of 9 there has been a drop in minor injury involving this device but not in reported serious. number of Fatal and serious injury crash trends 7 9 Fatal Serious Cell phone related - Year Injury All NZ Fatal and serious all NZ Injury in Bay of Plenty Region Fatal and serious Bay of Plenty Region CAS is able to report 1 different distraction contributory factors and these are listed below for injury in Bay of Plenty Region. Attention diverted by: Contributory distraction factor Number of times reported by NZ Police Passengers Scenery or persons outside vehicle Other traffic Animal or insect inside vehicle 9 Trying to find a destination or house number Advertising or signs Emotionally upset or road rage 9 Object or device inside car (excluding the three below) Cell phone 1 Navigation devices CB radio and non cell comms devices Driver dazzled Further information about distraction related injury in Bay of Plenty Region -: Local roads In 1 there were deaths, serious, 7 minor percent at intersections 1 percent rural percent night time Most common crash type was rear end/ obstruction Worst day of week Wednesday Worst three hour time period pm to pm State highways In 1 there were 1 deaths, 9 serious, 1 minor percent at intersections 9 percent rural percent night time Most common crash type was read end/ obstruction Worst day of week Wednesday Worst three hour time period pm to pm

22 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Tauranga City serious

23 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Tauranga City overview Casualties road trauma Tauranga City Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death Serious injury Minor injury Total casualties Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast M otorcyclists % % % % % All NZ Tauranga City of injury - Police reported Tauranga City Fatal MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury Minor injury 1 Total injury 1 Local roads State highways Total $1.m $1.m $7.7m Non-injury 9 NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. number of Injury crash trends Fatal Serious 7 Minor

24 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Tauranga City local roads Between and in Tauranga City there were 9 injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 1 11 Urban Total 1 The most common type of crash movement in serious on local roads was crossing/turning, representing percent of serious in the city. The types of vehicles most commonly involved in serious were cars (11), motorcycles (), and bicycles (7). Male drivers represented 7 percent of at fault drivers in serious in Tauranga City. The chart below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking 1 Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged. 9 1 All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 1 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed 1 1 limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop Failed to keep left Overtaking 1 1 Incorrect lane or position 11 Poor handling (for example losing control while 1 1 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed of others) Fatigue 1 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors 1 Vehicle factors Other (misc) 7 Road Factors 7 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the 9 injury on local roads in the Tauranga City to : 1 percent on wet roads percent at intersections roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, to years 1 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $.m

25 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Tauranga City state highways Between and in Tauranga City there were injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 9 11 Urban Total 9 7 Male drivers represented 7 percent of at fault drivers in serious on state highways in the City. Cars (), motorcycles (1) and SUV s () were the most common vehicles involved in serious state highway. Crossing/turning was the most common crash movement type in serious on state highways, representing 9 percent of state highway fatal and serious. The chart below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway crash characteristics to Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit 1 1 necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 7 Failed to keep left 7 Overtaking 9 Incorrect lane or position Poor handling (for example losing control while 19 1 braking) Poor observation (not checking 7 properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 9 of others) Fatigue Disabled / ill 7 Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors Other (misc) 9 1 Road Factors 9 11 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the injury on state highways in Tauranga City to : 1 percent on wet roads percent at intersections 9 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years 1 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $9.m

26 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Western Bay of Plenty District serious

27 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Western Bay of Plenty District overview 7 Casualties road trauma Western Bay of Plenty District Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death 9 Serious injury Minor injury 19 Total casualties 1 Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast Motorcyclists % % % % % of injury - Police reported Western Bay of Plenty District All NZ Western Bay of Plenty District Fatal MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury Minor injury 1 Local roads State highways $.m $1.9m Total injury 1 Non-injury Total $9.9m NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. number of 9 7 Injury crash trends Fatal Serious 9 1 Minor

28 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Western Bay of Plenty District local roads Between and in Western Bay of Plenty District there were injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 1 7 Total 1 9 In Western Bay of Plenty district, percent of serious on local roads were single party. Cars () and motorcycles () were the most common types of vehicles involved in serious in the district. The most common type of crash movement in serious was bend lost control/head on (1 %). The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious All injury There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged. 1 As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics to Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed 1 1 limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 11 Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lane or position Poor handling (for example losing control while 7 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 17 1 of others) Fatigue Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors Other (misc) 1 Road Factors 1 1 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the injury on local roads in the Western Bay of Plenty District to : percent on wet roads 1 percent at intersections 17 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years 1 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $19.9m

29 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Western Bay of Plenty District state highways 9 Between and in the Western Bay of Plenty District there were 9 injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 17 9 Urban 77 Total 1 1 Thirty percent of serious on state highways in the district were single party. Male drivers represented 7 percent of serious state highway. The most common crash movement type in serious in the district was bend-lost control/head on, representing percent of serious state highway in the district. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious 1 7 There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury 9 As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway road crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 9 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit 19 necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 19 1 Failed to keep left 7 Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 1 Poor handling (for example losing control while 9 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 1 of others) Fatigue 1 1 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors 7 9 Other (misc) 7 Road Factors 1 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the 9 injury on state highways in Western Bay of Plenty District to : percent on wet roads percent at intersections 7 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $77.m

30 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Rotorua District serious

31 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Rotorua District overview 1 Casualties road trauma Rotorua District Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death 1 Serious injury Minor injury 1 Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast Motorcyclists Total casualties % % % % % All NZ Rotorua District of injury - Police reported Rotorua District Fatal 11 MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury Local roads $.m Minor injury 1 State highways $.m Total injury 1 Total $.m Non-injury NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. Injury crash trends number of Fatal Serious Minor

32 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Rotorua District local roads Between and in Rotorua District there were 1 injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 1 7 Total Males represented 7 percent of serious on local roads in the district. Forty-eight percent of serious were single party. The most common crash movement type in serious was bend-lost control/head on (7 ). The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements, it can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury 7 As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 1 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed 9 limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 17 Failed to keep left Overtaking 1 Incorrect lane or position 9 Poor handling (for example losing control while 1 braking) Poor observation (not checking 9 properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 1 of others) Fatigue Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors 1 Other (misc) 9 1 Road Factors 1 Weather 7 serious in similar local bodies Further information about the 1 injury on local roads in the Rotorua District to : percent on wet roads percent at intersections 9 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $1.m

33 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Rotorua District state highways Between and in Rotorua District there were 9 injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 9 11 Urban Total 9 7 Thirty-six percent of serious on state highways in the district were single party. The most common crash movement type in state highway injury was bend-lost control/head on (1 injury ). Forty-one percent of state highway injury were single party. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious 1 There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 17 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit 9 necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 Failed to keep left 9 Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 1 1 Poor handling (for example losing control while 7 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 1 of others) Fatigue 9 1 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors 7 Vehicle factors Other (misc) 11 Road Factors 1 1 Weather serious on similar state highways Further information about the 9 injury on state highways in Rotorua District to : 9 percent on wet roads percent at intersections 77 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years 7 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $.m

34 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Kawerau District serious

35 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Kawerau District overview Casualties road trauma Kawerau District Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death 1 Serious injury Minor injury Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast M otorcyclists Total casualties 7 All NZ % % % % % Kawerau District of injury - Police reported Kawerau District Fatal 1 Serious injury Minor injury Total injury Non-injury 11 MoT calculation social cost of all Local roads. State highways 1. Total. NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. Injury crash trends number of Fatal Serious Minor

36 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Kawerau District local roads Between and in Kawerau District there were injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 7 1 Total 7 1 Note that due to the scope of Kawerau District, the sample size of crash numbers is small, and therefore percentages can be misleading. The most common type of crash movement in local road injury was bend-lost control/head on (1 injury ). Eighty percent of injury on local roads in the district were single party. The chart below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious Overtaking All injury There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged. As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics to (note very small sample sizes in this table) Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lane or position Poor handling (for example losing control while braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed of others) Fatigue Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors 1 Other (misc) 1 Road Factors 1 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the injury on local roads in Kawerau District to : percent on wet roads percent at intersections roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years and to (equal) percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $1.m

37 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Kawerau District state highways 7 Between and in Kawerau District there were seven injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 1 Total 9 Note that due to the scope of Kawerau District, the sample size of crash numbers is small, and therefore percentages can be misleading. Five out of seven state highway injury in the district were single party. Six out of seven injury occurred on a weekday on state highways in the district. The chart below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious Overtaking There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury 7 As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway crash characteristics - (note very small sample sizes in this table) Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 1 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 1 Poor handling (for example losing control while 1 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed of others) Fatigue 1 Disabled / ill 9 7 Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors Other (misc) 1 Road Factors Weather 1 serious in similar local bodies Further information about the seven injury on state highways in Kawerau District to : 9 percent on wet roads 1 percent at intersections 7 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, to 9 years No involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $.9m

38 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Whakatane District serious

39 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Whakatane District overview 9 Casualties road trauma Whakatane District Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death 11 Serious injury Minor injury Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast M otorcyclists Total casualties 17 All NZ % % % % % % % 7% Whakatane District of injury - Police reported Whakatane District Fatal 9 MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury 1 Minor injury 9 Total injury 9 Local roads State highways Total $1.m $.m $9.m Non-injury 1 NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. Injury crash trends 7 number of Fatal Serious Minor

40 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Whakatane District local roads Between and in the Whakatane District there were 9 injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 11 1 Total In Whakatane District, 7 percent of serious on local roads were single party. The most common crash movement type in injury was bend-lost control/head on (1 ). Fatalities on local roads were at their highest (9) in 7 and serious at their highest () in. Males represented percent of at fault drivers in injury on local roads in the district. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious 1 7 There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 1 9 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 1 Failed to keep left 7 Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 11 9 Poor handling (for example losing control while braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 17 1 of others) Fatigue 9 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors 7 Other (misc) 1 Road Factors 1 1 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the 9 injury on local roads in the Whakatane District to : percent on wet roads percent at intersections roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years 1 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $1.m

41 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Whakatane District state highways 1 Between and in Whakatane District there were 17 injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 1 19 Total 17 1 On state highways in Whakatane District, serious were at their highest () in 7. Sixty percent of injury and 1 percent of serious on state highways were single party. Seventy-five percent of serious state highway in the district occurred on a weekday. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious 1 There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury 9 As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol 1 Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit 9 necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 11 Failed to keep left Overtaking 1 Incorrect lane or position 1 17 Poor handling (for example losing control while 9 braking) Poor observation (not checking 1 9 properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 1 of others) Fatigue 1 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors Vehicle factors Other (misc) Road Factors 1 1 Weather 7 serious in similar local bodies Further information about the 17 injury on state highways in Whakatane District to : 17 percent on wet roads percent at intersections 119 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $1.m

42 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Opotiki District serious

43 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Opotiki District overview Casualties road trauma Opotiki District Safer Journeys areas of high concern Young drivers Death Serious injury 1 Minor injury Alcohol and drugs Rural roads Urban intersections Speed too fast Motorcyclists Total casualties All NZ % % % % Opotiki District of injury - Police reported Opotiki District Fatal MoT calculation social cost of all Serious injury 1 Minor injury Total injury Local roads State highways Total $9.m $.m $.m Non-injury 1 NOTE: The estimated social cost includes loss of life or quality of life, loss of output due to, medical and rehabilitation costs, legal and court costs and property damage. Injury crash trends number of Fatal 7 Serious Minor

44 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Opotiki District local roads Between and in the Opotiki District there were injury on local roads. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - Local roads Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural 1 1 Urban Total 11 In Opotiki District, both fatalities and serious were at their highest on local roads in 9. Fifty-six percent of injury on local roads were single party. Males represented percent of at fault drivers in local road injury in the district. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. Local road crash characteristics to Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 1 Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 11 Poor handling (for example losing control while 9 braking) Poor observation (not checking 1 properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 17 of others) Fatigue Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors 1 17 Vehicle factors Other (misc) 17 Road Factors 1 Weather serious in similar local bodies Further information about the injury on local roads in the Opotiki District to : percent on wet roads percent at intersections 1 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years and to (equal) 17 percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $.9m

45 August 11 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to Opotiki District state highways Between and in Opotiki District there were 1 injury on state highways. The table below shows the number of resulting from these by rural or urban areas. Rural is defined as an area with a speed limit of km/hr or more. Casualties by urban / rural - State highways Fatalities Serious Minor Total Rural Urban 1 Total 1 1 On state highways in the district serious were at their highest in 9 and fatalities were at their highest in. Seventy percent of injury state highway were single party. Males represented 71 percent of drivers at fault in fatal and serious state highway in Opotiki District. The table below shows the types of injury reported by the New Zealand Police. CAS is able to identify 7 different crash movements. It can also group them into similar crash types and these are shown in the chart below. Crash characteristics - Straight: lost control/head-on Rear-end/obstruction Pedestrian vs vehicle Overtaking Miscellaneous Crossing/turning Bend: lost control/head-on Fatal and serious There are almost contributory crash factors that can be used in CAS to describe crash causes. However it needs to be noted that these factors are not necessarily an illegal act. For example if a pedestrian is wearing dark clothing at night it may be recorded as a crash contributor, in the same way that poor street lighting can be tagged. 9 All injury As with the crash movements, CAS is also able to group these, as in the following table. Most have more than one factor attributed to it and as a result the percentages below will not add to. State highway crash characteristics - Crash factor all injury serious Alcohol Too fast (for the conditions not over the speed limit 9 necessarily) Failed to give way or stop 9 Failed to keep left Overtaking Incorrect lane or position 1 1 Poor handling (for example losing control while 7 braking) Poor observation (not checking properly) Poor judgement (for example misjudging speed 1 of others) Fatigue 1 Disabled / ill Pedestrian factors 1 Vehicle factors 1 Other (misc) 1 Road Factors 19 Weather 7 1 serious on similar local bodies Further information about the 1 injury on state highways in Opotiki District to : percent on wet roads 1 percent at intersections 117 roadside objects struck Most represented five year age group in at fault drivers, 1 to 19 years percent of involved motorcycles or mopeds Social cost of $11m

46 briefing notes crash analysis Bay of Plenty Region to August 11 Contacts NZ Transport Agency National Office Victoria Arcade Victoria Street Private Bag 99 Wellington 11 Tel 9 Fax 9 New Zealand Police Road Policing Manager Wellington DHQ-WN PO Box 9, Wellington Tel 1 Further information This report has been prepared by the Crash Analysis team at the NZ Transport Agency. The intent of this report is to highlight road safety issues and assist in identifying possible ways to reduce the number of road deaths and. It has been prepared using data from the NZTA and Ministry of Transport s Crash Analysis System (CAS) database. The Briefing Notes present information derived from pertinent statistics to be used for decision support. More detailed information may be obtained from either the local council (local roads), regional council or the NZ Transport Agency. The NZ Transport Agency encourages local bodies, regional councils and NZ Police to study the briefing notes reports. There will be road safety issues beyond those covered in this Road Safety Issues Report and we encourage our partners to use their access to the Crash Analysis System to identify and examine these further. Useful web-links