Planning and dimensioning of the heating system

Transcription

1 Planning and diensioning of the heating syste The planning and diensioning of the heating syste is based on the calculation of the heating load of the building acc. to DIN EN For the PINETO syste the data of Messrs. LiNear and Dendrit can be used. Noadays, the exact calculation and diensioning ith ass deterination is norally done ith planning softare for doestic engineering. General basics ecoended axiu flo velocities: adiator connection pipes: up to 0.5 /s Heating distribution pipes: up to 1.0 /s ecoended axiu pressure losses: Static heating systes: Pa/ (Overall pressure loss for one 6 pup approx hpa) Surface heating supply pipes: Pa/ (Overall pressure loss for one 6 pup approx hpa) Individual surface heating circuits: Pa/ Liited to axiu pressure loss of 200 Pa/ Maxiu heating poer of the pipes: Diensioning data for PINETO heating, ultilayer coposite and Nanoflex pipes ith differing teperature differences and flo velocities, ith regard to straight pipe sections (pressure losses of fittings and valves not taken into consideration, heating ater teperature 60 C). Conversion of pressure units: 1 bar = 100 kpa = 1000 hpa = 10 WS 100 Pa (1.0 hpa) = 1.0 bar (0.001 bar) = 10 WS Teperature difference 5 K 10 K 15 K 20 K Pipe diension Max. heating poer [KW] 14 x 2.0 (Stabil) Connection 16 x 2.2 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) pipes 20 x 2.8 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) x 3.5 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) Distribution 32 x 4.4 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) pipes 42 x 4.6 (Stabil) x 5.6 (Stabil) x 6.0 (Stabil) Liited to axiu flo velocity (0.5 or 1.0 /s) Teperature difference 10 K 15 K 20 K 25 K Pipe diension Max. heating poer [KW] 14 x 2.0 (Stabil) Connection 16 x 2.2 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) pipes 20 x 2.8 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) x 3.5 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) Distribution 32 x 4.4 (Nanoflex, PE-X & Stabil) pipes 42 x 4.6 (Stabil) x 5.6 (Stabil) x 6.0 (Stabil)

2 PINETO Planning and diensioning of the heating syste ough heating deand Building quality Heat quantity [kwh/ 2 a] Spec. heat deand [W/ 2 ] Old buildings single-glazed indos Old buildings double-glazed indos Buildings acc. to WSTO Buildings acc. to WSVO Buildings acc. to WSVO Buildings acc. to EnEV Buildings acc. to EnEV Buildings acc. to EnEV Siplified ethod of piping diensioning The approxiate ass deterination for a sall building project ithout expensive planning softare is described belo. Pressure losses of the fittings and the pipe lengths are not taken into consideration. The liiting values for the approxiate diensioning are the pressure loss or the flo velocity. It ust be established for each roo ho any radiators are to be installed at hich location in the roo. Accordingly, the planned piping layout has to be entered in the ground plan, or if there are several storeys a piping diagra (vertical section of syste) has to be dran. The folloing characteristic values for the diensioning of the piping netork are required: Surface heat flux q [W/²] of the building, The respective roo surface is required for calculating the heating poer for each roo. oo surface A oo [²] of each individual roo to be heated, The diensioning heating poer of the roo is established by ultiplying the surface heat flux by the respective roo surface: oo = q A oo TIP In the bathroo the surface heat flux should be slightly surface-ounted because of the higher internal roo teperature. Diensioning heating poer for each individual roo roo is deterined by eans of heat load calculation acc. to DIN EN (standard heating Φ HL ). If there is only one radiator in the roo, the diensioning poer roo [ roo ] is equal to the diensioning poer radiator [ HK ]. If several radiators are installed in the roo the diensioning poer roo is distributed appropriately beteen the respective nuber of radiators. Supply and return teperature θ V and θ [ C], is defined by the architect or planner, the difference results in the Teperature difference σ [K]: θ V - θ = σ [K], Max. perissible pressure loss, is defined depending on the size of the syste. If the diensioning heating poer is not yet knon, the specific heat deand (surface heat flux q) can be estiated and taken as a basis by eans of the construction year and the size of the building (see table). Technical data 209

3 Planning and diensioning of the heating syste Exaple ith single apartent, ultiple-faily delling Surface heat flux: 25 W/ 2 (hallay 20 W/ 2, bathroo 30 W/ 2 ) Flo teperature: 55 C eturn teperature: 45 C Max. pressure loss: 200 Pa/ Heater Heizkörper / 425 / 425 WW Heater Heizkörper 5 / 35 5 / 35 W W Heater Heizkörper 2 / 2350 / 350 W Küche 1 2 Kind 15 2 Wohnen /25/0,05 5/20/144,3 4/20/95,0 3/16/180,36 2/16/109,32 1/16/61,86 /25/92,5 Flur Heater Heizkörper 6 / 6440 W 440 W 22 2 Heizkörper 1 Heater 1 / 425 W 425 W Bad 1 2 Heater Heizkörper 8 / 8510 / 510 W Schlafen 15 2 Heater Heizkörper 4 / 35 4 / 35 WW Heizkörper Heater 3 / 3350 / 350 W Calculation children s roo: ated heating poer HK = surface heat flux q roo surface A oo = 25 W/² 15 ² = 35 W Teperature difference σ = flo teperature θ V return teperature θ = 55 C 45 C = 10 K 210

4 PINETO Planning and diensioning of the heating syste The pipe diensions are deterined on the basis of the pressure loss tables; the diensioning capacities are rounded up to the next respective table value (see p. 214). The resulting teperature difference of 10 K deterines the colun in hich the pressure loss has to be copared. The ai is to use as sall a pipe diension as possible. If one of the liiting values, pressure loss (200 Pa/) or flo velocity (0.5 or 1.0 /s depending on the piping section), is exceeded, the next larger diension has to be used. With pipe diension 14 the calculated value for the children s roo is therefore Pa/ at 0.12 /s (35 W at 10 K, rounded up to 400 W) or ith pipe diension 16 only Pa/ at 0.09 /s (rounded up to 400 W). This eans the radiator could be connected to both diensions. The diension chosen depends on the kind of connection. The diension 14 pipe could be used to connect the radiator fro a distribution anifold (e.g. art.-no ) directly or using an L-type connection elbo (art.-no ). The diension 16 pipe could be used for crossing tee pieces (e.g. art.-no ) for exaple. For each part-section the connected poer (su of all the radiators connected) is calculated, and based on this the pipe diension. A total of 3250 W is connected to the apartent supply line (part-section ). Kitchen Child's roo Living roo Bedroo Hallay Bathroo = 425 W = 35 W = 1125 W = 35 W = 440 W = 510 W If pipe diension 20 ere used here, the pressure loss ould be 224 Pa/. Using 25-diension pipes the resulting pressure loss is only 84 Pa/ at 0.32 /s (rounded up to 3400 W). Section is therefore designed ith pipe diension 25. The section descriptions, the pipe diension and the pipe friction pressure loss are entered in the ground plan or piping diagra. Pipe diensioning for the risers and the cellar distribution is also perfored according to the procedure described. All the data could also be suarised in one table. Exaple calculation for 1st storey Part-section Heating poer Mass flo rate Flo velocity Pressure loss Diension PINETO HK HK TS HK TS HK TS HK TS HK TS HK TS HK TS NOTE The siple ethod of calculation presented here is only an aid to providing easy ass deterination for the purpose of a non-binding quotation and it does not discharge the technician or planner fro his duty to plan and diension the heating syste correctly (also basis for hydraulic equalisation) according to the approved technological rules! If higher pup pressures are available the flo velocity ay also be the liiting criterion. Hoever, the recoended ax. pressure losses can be exceeded in certain circustances. More electrical drive energy is then consued to circulate the ater. Therefore e advise against it for the purposes of approxiate calculation. Technical data 211

5 Planning and diensioning of the heating syste Calculation of pressure loss in piping netork Based on the calculated heating load acc. to DIN EN the folloing for can be used for planning the piping netork of a heating syste. The pressure losses in the piping are taken fro the pressure loss tables for PINETO pipes (see p. 214). Fill out the for in the attachent (aster copy): Coluns 1/2/3: Entry of storey description, roo nuber and roo description as planned. Colun 4: Subdivision of piping syste into part-sections (sections of equal ass flo) and nubering of part-sections acc. to plan. Colun 5: Entry of heat quantity HK in Watt for each radiator, hich is required to ensure the stated roo teperature. The calculation of the standard heating load Φ HL is done according to DIN EN The heating load is distributed to several radiators depending on the size of the respective roo. Colun 6: Deterination of the pipe diension of the radiator connection pipes or part-sections by eans of the pressure loss tables (liiting criteria flo velocity and pressure loss, see Planning and diensioning of heating syste). Colun : Deterination of the required ass flo in kg per hour for the respective radiator by eans of pressure loss tables (for teperature differences 10, 15, 20 K) or according to the folloing forula: HK = HK : [1,163 (θ V θ )] H = ass flo rate HK = heat quantity radiator θ V = flo teperature [ C] = return teperature [ C] θ Colun 8: Deterination of the length of the radiator connection l HK or the part-section I TS in etres. The hole length of the pipe for supply and return to each radiator for hich the ass flo rate is constant is counted as connection or part-section length of the heating circuit. Colun 9: Entry of pressure losses of the piping in Pascal per etre fro the pressure loss tables (pressure loss related to teperature difference is deterined by pipe diension and ass flo rate). Colun 10: Calculation of the overall pressure loss Δp pipe of the pipe section by ultiplying colun 8 by colun 9, acc. to equation: Δp pipe [Pa] = l Hk [] Colun 11: Deterination of flo velocity (/s) for pipe section fro the pressure loss tables. Colun 12: The total of the resistance coefficients Σζ is coposed of the individual resistance coefficients for the fittings, shut-off valves and radiator. The ζ-values of the individual coponents are taken fro DIN 1988 or other specialist literature. Colun 13: The pressure loss of the individual resistances is calculated as follos: ζ ρ ² Z [Pa] = 2 ρ = density of ater (kg/³) = flo velocity (/s) ζ = resistance coefficient Siplified: Z [Pa] = ζ ² 500 Colun 14: The overall pressure loss Δp total of the heating circuit is calculated by adding the pressure loss of the connection pipes or part-sections Δp pipe (colun 10) and the pressure loss of the individual resistance values Z (colun 13). Δp tot. [Pa] = Δp pipe + Z Colun 15: Fro colun 14 the greatest pressure loss Δp total ax. of the ost unfavourable heating circuit is deducted fro the total pressure loss of all other heating circuits. The difference is the pressure difference Δp to be throttled. Δp dr [Pa] = Δp tot.,ax. Δp tot. 212

6 PINETO Planning and diensioning of the heating syste Oner / building Person in charge Sheet no. of dated θ flo C θ return C Storey oo no. oo Partsection no. Section no. Heat deand Mass flo rate Internal pipe diaeter adiator connection length Pressure drop Pipe pressure loss Flo velocity Su of resistance coefficients Pressure loss of individual resistances Overall pressure loss Pressure difference to be throttled Valve presetting HK d i [] HK I HK [] Δp PIPE [Pa] Σζ Z [Pa] Δp tot. [Pa] Δp ar [Pa] turns Technical data 213

7 Pressure losses of diension 14 x 2.0 (Nanoflex, Stabil) at 60 C (Stabil pipe 14) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

8 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 14 x 2.0 at 60 C (Nanoflex 14, Stabil pipe 14) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 215

9 Pressure losses of diension 16 x 2.2 at 60 C (Nanoflex 16, heating pipe 16, Stabil pipe 16) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

10 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 16 x 2.2 at 60 C (Nanoflex 16, heating pipe 16, Stabil pipe 16) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 21

11 Pressure losses of diension 16 x 2.2 at 60 C (Nanoflex 16, heating pipe 16, Stabil pipe 16) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

12 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 20 x 2.8 at 60 C (Nanoflex 20, heating pipe 20, Stabil pipe 20) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 219

13 Pressure losses of diension 20 x 2.8 at 60 C (Nanoflex 20, heating pipe 20, Stabil pipe 20) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data Pressure loss tables

14 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 20 x 2.8 at 60 C (Nanoflex 20, heating pipe 20, Stabil pipe 20) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 221

15 Pressure losses of diension 25 x 3.5 at 60 C (Nanoflex 25, heating pipe 25, Stabil pipe 25) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

16 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 25 x 3.5 at 60 C (Nanoflex 25, heating pipe 25, Stabil pipe 25) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 223

17 Pressure losses of diension 25 x 3.5 at 60 C (Nanoflex 25, heating pipe 25, Stabil pipe 25) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

18 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 32 x 4.4 at 60 C (Nanoflex 32, heating pipe 32, Stabil pipe 32) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 225

19 Pressure losses of diension 32 x 4.4 at 60 C (Nanoflex 32, heating pipe 32, Stabil pipe 32) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

20 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 32 x 4.4 at 60 C (Nanoflex 32, heating pipe 32, Stabil pipe 32) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 22

21 Pressure losses of diension 42.2 x 4.6 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 40) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

22 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 42.2 x 4.6 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 40) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 229

23 Pressure losses of diension 42.2 x 4.6 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 40) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

24 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 52.2 x 5.65 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 50) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 231

25 Pressure losses of diension 52.2 x 5.65 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 50) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

26 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 52.2 x 5.65 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 50) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 233

27 Pressure losses of diension 63 x 6.0 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 63) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

28 PINETO Pressure losses of diension 63 x 6.0 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 63) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Technical data 235

29 Pressure losses of diension 63 x 6.0 at 60 C (Stabil pipe 63) Teperature difference in K , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,