Correlation NEDC WLTP Proposed additional vehicles for testing

Transcription

1 Correlation NEDC WLTP Proposed additional vehicles for testing

2 Agenda ACEA was asked to suggest additional vehicles to be measured for calibration and validation purpose, to cover most of the segments and all relevant technologies. Technologies with "priority 2" which may not be considered in the first step. Additional technologies to be correlated after new input from OEMs. Page 2

3 Introduction To improve simulation quality and achieve the possibility to check the result as much vehicles as possible should be measured. Before the first measurement starts, the test procedure list shall be finished and agreed and shall ensure comparable stringency. Step 1: Additional vehicles needed for calibration. Aim: All technologies from list should be covered (but not all segments needed). Step 2: Simulation task. All technologies, interdependencies. Including sensitivities to cover all segments and technologycombinations on the market including future. Step 3: Validation of simulation results and later of physicalcorrelation-model. Additional segments and vehicles types needed, which differ from calibration to check results. This proposal contains: A list of vehicles for step 1. A list of vehicles for step 3. Overview of covered segments and technologies. Page 3

4 Vehicle list LAT AVL JRC The following analysis and proposal is based on the list below. It assumes, that all vehicles on this list are measured according to the test procedure and GTR version from phase 1a and used as simulation input. VW Sharan 1.4l petrol,110kw, AT Van - E Citroën C5 2.0l Diesel AT Wagon - D Page 4

5 missing segment full hybrid plug-in hybrid diesel with engine displacement >2l gasoline with engine displacement >2l lean burn cylinder management EU6 hydraulic steering Vehicles for validation (step 3) Vehicle list ACEA proposal Vehicles for step 1, calibration. All technologies (see backup for complete list) and wide range of segments should be covered. Vehicles for step 3. Validation of simulation and physical model Size Body A, mini Hatch already covered Renault Twingo 1.2L B, small Hatch already covered B, small SUV Mini Countryman Cooper D, Fiat 500L Trekking C, medium Hatch already covered Opel Ampera Opel Corsa 1.2 gasoline, Ford Fiesta 1.6l, Ford B-Max 1.5 DV5, Mini Cooper, Mini Cooper D, Renault Clio 0.9L Opel Astra 1.4 gasoline 103kW, Kia Cee'd GDI, Ford Focus 1.0l, Renault Megane C, medium Limousine already covered C, medium Coupe calculated by road load C, medium Convertible calculated by road load C, medium Wagon Ford Focus ST, VW Golf Variant Ford Focus AT C, medium SUV Range Rover Evoque 4WD 2.2D, Mazda CX-5 Range Rover Evoque 4WD 2.2D C, medium Vans Opel Meriva 1.4 gasoline 88kW AT, Citroen C4 Picasso Ford C-Max 2.0l TDCi, Citroen C4 Picasso 1.6L & 2L Diesel D, large Limousine Audi A4 1.8TFSI, Mercedes C-Class Kia Optima 2.0 CVVT, Peugeot 508 2L, Renault Laguna D, large Coupe calculated by vehicle properties BMW 420d D, large Convertible calculated by vehicle properties Citroën C5 2.0l Diesel AT, BMW 328iA xdrive, Toyota D, large Wagon Avensis D, large SUV Ford Kuga 1.5 GDTi Ecoboost 180 PS, BMW X3 sdrive18i D, large Vans Ford Transit 2.2l, Opel Vivaro Opel Zafira Tourer 2.0 Diesel 121kW AT E, executive Limousine already covered E, executive Coupe calculated by vehicle properties E, executive Convertible calculated by vehicle properties E, executive Wagon BMW 528iA Touring, Skoda Superb Jaguar XF Sportbrake 2.2D E, executive SUV BMW X5 xdrive 30dA, Range Rover Sport TDV6 Hybrid, Audi Q7 Range Rover Sport TDV6 Hybrid BMW X5 xdrive 30dA BMW X5 xdrive 30dA Toyota RX450h, Hyundai ix35 FCEV*, Ford 2.2 Ranger E, executive Vans VW Sharan 1.4l 110kW AT, VW Crafter, Renault Espace VW Crafter Ford 1.6 DV6 S-Max F, luxury Limousine Audi A8 3.0TDI quattro, Mercedes S-Class Jaguar XJ TDV6 F, luxury Coupe calculated by vehicle properties F, luxury Convertible calculated by vehicle properties S, Sport Coupe calculated by vehicle properties S, Sport Convertible Jaguar F-type 3.0, Audi R8 Jaguar F-type 3.0 Important: List of technologies contains only items, which are not already covered by (new) LAT, AVL and JRC models / vehicles! Vehicles are mainly chosen to cover technologies and may be not representing all vehicles within a segment. This shall be covered by sensitivities (road load, displacement, technologies, etc.). Vehicles as additional proposal (not offered by an OEM) are marked dark-red. * Hyundai ix35 FCEV: Fuel cell no included in technology list should it? Details see Excel Correlation_NEDC_WLTP_vehicle-list_LAT_OEM xlsx Page 5

6 Technology impact on correlation 1 1. / 2. list influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP strong interdependencies? technology / parameter remarks, details 1. >5% yes MT / AT due to Steven vs. fixed gearshift points of MT vehicles GSI to be considered? 1. >5% yes powertrain type and fuel: - diesel (ICE and mild hybrid) - gasoline (ICE and mild hybrid) - full hybrid - plugin-hybrid - electric vehicle ICE and mild hybrid are in one segment each, mild hybrid is considered in list 2 torque / road load ratio OR: engine power / road load strong interdependency with MT / 1. >5% yes ratio. To be evaluated by the AT and power-ratio consultant. 1. >5% yes 1. >5% yes 1. >5% yes turbocharged engine / naturally aspirated engine engine displacement, cluster? (> [0.4] l) vehicle segment OR: - weight influence as a function - aero influence as a function OR: 2 factors - "axle load index" (energy) - aero vs. mass vs. friction ratio cluster possible and many variations can be condensed friction, weight and aero influence (Limousine, SUV, van, Hatch, ) including boundary condition change NEDC-WLTP 3 possibilities, decision on approach should depend on: - available data - simulation effort - accuracy influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP is an absolute value, not defined, if it is positive or negative. Page 6

7 Technology impact on correlation 2 1. / 2. list influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP strong interdependencies? 2. >5% no 2. >2% no technology / parameter hybrid-details: storagecapacity, cooling type, electric engine, continuous and peak power of the electric powertrain, storage capacity downspeeding (additionally to turbocharged) remarks, details 2. >2% no lean burn 2. >2% no VVT (Valvetronic) 2. >2% no cylinder management 2. >2% no HCCI / CAI Prio 2 2. >2% no insulation, heat storage Prio 2 2. >2% no engine start stop 2. >2% no 2. >2% no mild hybrid energy recuperation for concentional cars together "micro hybrid" additional to segment "gasoline (ICE and mild hybrid)" or "diesel (ICE and mild hybrid)" influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP is an absolute value, not defined, if it is positive or negative. Page 7

8 Technology impact on correlation 3 1. / 2. list influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP strong interdependencies? 2. >2% no 2. >2% no technology / parameter MT: number of gears, transmission-ratio spread EGR Diesel, (cooled) EGR gasoline, remarks, details 2. >0.5% no 2WD / 4WD 2. >0.5% no 2. >0.5% no type of automatic transmission small engine displacement differences (<= [0.4] l) double clutch gear, torque converter transmission, CVT, and number of gears 2. >0.5% no thermal management 2. >0.5% no aerodynamics in detail 2. >0.5% no 2. >0.5% no weight in detail (needed if 4a applied) available optional equipment and customer selection also needed for light weight construction influence Prio 2 influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP is an absolute value, not defined, if it is positive or negative. Page 8

9 Technology impact on correlation 4 1. / 2. list influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP strong interdependencies? technology / parameter remarks, details 2. >0.5% no VVT (Vanos) 2. >0.5% no auxiliaries (mechanical, electrified, switchable devices, ) 2. >0.5% no heat recovery (TEG) Prio 2 2. >0.5% no heat recovery (Rankine) Prio 2 2. >0.5% no rolling resistance 2. >0.5% yes, but can be included in list 2 technology for reducing auxiliary energy interdependencies to hybrid vehicles 2. <0.5% no DI / MPI 2. <0.5% no gasoline particle filter 2. <0.5% no compression ratio / Miller Prio 2 2. <0.5% no variable compression ratio Prio 2 influence on Delta NEDC-WLTP is an absolute value, not defined, if it is positive or negative. Page 9

10 Simulation matrix Correlation_NEDC_WLTP_Estimation-of-number-of-simulations xlsx With each element from the first list: sensitivities have to be determined all technology-influences have to be determined... Page 10

11 Conclusion The 20 vehicles are not sufficient: many of them are not measured to the latest version of the GTR and the agreed test procedure. Perhaps in terms of calibration this isn't that important, but they have to be at least validated again according to the agreed test procedure. the 20 vehicles do not cover all technologies* and many very important segments (especially the extreme segments, to not extrapolate the simulation). ACEA repeats the agreed conditions for the correlation exercise: comparable stringency between manufactures. Resulting from that condition all technologies have to be included, and all segments must be covered (but perhaps not measured, if simulation produces sensitivities which sufficiently accurate - can calculate all segments). technology based approach, physical correlation model. accuracy criteria for the Delta-NEDC-WLTP, individual, within segments and overall. * If all technologies are at least once included in some of the measured vehicles and at least once not included and simulation is able meet for all of them the accuracy criteria, the simulation appears to produce reasonable results for all technologies. Page 11

12 Thank you! European Automobile Manufacturers Association