Overview of Indian Power Sector. February 29, 2008

Transcription

1 Overview of Indian Power Sector February 29, 2008

2 Evolutionary Phase of Power Sector Radical changes in structural, institutional and operational arrangements. Supply of electricity is moving away from being considered as Public Service to an Economic Activity Private Sector Participation aimed at marshaling requisite investment into the sector to usher in competition and improved efficiency Consumer s Aspiration Growing Digital Grade Power Supply being Sought

3 Procurement of Power through Competitive basis Electricity Act 2003 Paradigm Shift Delicensing of generation and freedom for captive power plants Trading defined as distinct activity. Unbundling of erstwhile monolithic State Electricity Boards into separate corporations responsible for generation, transmission and distribution Non discriminatory Open Access in transmission Transmission as licensed Activity

4 Players in the Power Sector Generators Central Transmission utility System Operator State Transmission/Subtransmission utilities Distribution utilities Traders Consumers

5 Development of Electric Grids National Regional State Local 1950 s 1960 s 1970 s 1990 s

6 Adoption of Generating unit size 660/ 1000MW 500MW 200/ 210MW Less than 200MW 1970 s 1980 s 1990 s 2000 s

7 Plan wise Growth of Power System MW th Plan th Plan Annual Plan Annual Plan th Plan th Plan th 7th 8th 9th 10th 10 th Plan Ckt. kms th Plan 7th Plan 8th Plan 9th Plan 10th plan 400 kv lines 220 kv lines

8 Indian Power System - Present All figs. in MW I.C PD Deficit NR I.C-2500 PD Deficit- 300 Installed Capacity: 141 GW Peak Demand 106 GW NER Peak Shortage 15.6% Energy Shortage 10.4 % WR I.C PD Deficit ER I.C PD Deficit LAKSHADWEEP SR I.C PD Deficit-2000 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR

9 Indian Power System - Present Transmission Grid Comprises: 765kV/400kV Lines - 77,500 ckt. km 220/132kV Lines - 114,600 ckt. km HVDC bipoles - 3 nos. HVDC back-to-back - 7 nos. FSC 18 nos.; TCSC 6 nos. NER, ER, NR & WR operating as single grid of 90,000 MW Inter-regional capacity : 17,000 MW

10 Inter-regional links At present NR Inter-regional capacity : 17,000MW KOTA AGRA GWALIOR UJJAIN WR AURAIYA MALANPUR GORAKHPUR BALIA VINDHYACHAL KORBA RAIPUR SAHU PURI 500 MW BALIMELA CHANDRAPUR ROURKELA TALCHER MUZAFFARPUR PATNA ER DEHRI BUDHIPADAR BIRPARA BARH BIHARSHARIFF SASARAM MALDA NER SALAKATI BONGAIGAON PONDA KOLHAPUR BELGAUM NAGJHARI SR 1000 MW U.SILERU 1000 MW GAZUWAKA

11 Projected Power Scenario Peak Demand GW GW Installed Capacity Requirement Year GW 86 GW 119 GW 150 GW Year

12 Energy Resource Map Hydro potential in NER and upper part of NR. Coal reserves mainly in ER. Load Centres mainly in Northern & Western part of the Country Thus for optimal utilisation of resources strong National Grid is a necessity.

13 Generation Addition In 11 th Plan( ) 78,577 MW Capacity addition in limited areas, as detail given below: State ALL Figures in MW Identified Capacity Additions West Bengal 5,000 Jharkhand 23,000 Orissa 31,000 Bihar 7,300 Sikkim 3,500 NER 4,050 Other 4,500 Total 78,500 Capacity adition proposed during XI Plan In 12th Plan 82,200 MW Capacity addition confined to few areas HYDRO(MW) THERMAL(MW) NUCLEAR(MW)

14 Improving Grid Operation System Availability - At par with international standard Grid Disturbance - No major grid disturbance during last 4½ years Inter-regional Capacity 17,000 MW as on date Energy Exchanged - 38,000 MUs in Grid Disturbances Grid Disturbances Minor Major till date Year

15 Improving Grid Operation All Regional & State Load Despatch Centres modernised National Load Despatch Centre under implementation This coupled with implementation of ABT has led to: Nil Grid Collapses in Last four and a half years. Improvement in frequency and voltage profile Merit Order Operation, Leading to Overall Economy Transparency in grid operation Quantum leap in intra and inter-regional Power Exchange and Trading (inter-regional energy exchanged in is about 38,000 MU)

16 GRID DISTURBANCES Minor grid disturbance reduced to minuscule Grid Disturbances Minor Major till date Year No major grid disturbance for last 4½ years

17 Major Challenges in Transmission Development Large quantum of power to be transferred over long distance Conservation of eco-sensitive Right-of-Way (ROW) Flexibility to enhance the transmission capacity etc. Harnessing of Daily and Seasonal Diversity Optimal transmission cost Development of large transmission system in a limited time period

18 POWERGRID Physical Target BY New Transmission Lines 55,000 Ckt.kms 765 kv - 9,000 Ckt.kms; 400 kv - 46,000 ckt.kms New Substations 65 Nos. 765 kv 15 (1 no. GIS) ; 400 kv 50 (6 nos. GIS) Series Compensation 44 Nos. HVDC System +800kV, 6000MW & +500kV, 2500MW 1200 kv UHVAC SuperGrid overlaying 400kV/765kV AC network BY Quantum of works is expected to be of same order as 11 th plan (in next years- about 10 nos MW HVDC Bipoles are envisaged)

19 Strengthening of National Grid Development of National Grid on continual basis with sufficient interregional power transfer capacity Planned to enhance the capacity progressively to about - IR Capacity (MW) Present Year National Grid A Continuing Process

20 National Grid by 2012 NR Inter-regional capacity 37,700MW KANKROLI ZERDA RAPP KOTA NAGDA WR AGRA GWALIOR UJJAIN PARLI AURAIYA GORAKHPUR FATEHPUR BALIA MALANPUR VINDHYACHAL SAHU PURI KORBA SIPAT SIPAT CHANDRAPUR RAIPUR 1000 BALIMELA MW TALCHER MUZAFFARPUR PATNA B'SHARIFF BIRPARA BARH MALDA NABI NAGAR SILIGURI SASARAM ER DEHRI BUDHIPADAR NORTH KARANPURA RANCHI ROURKELA NER BONGAIGAON SALAKATI PONDA KOLHAPUR BELGAUM 1000 MW U.SILERU 500 MW SR GAZUWAKA Legend NAGJHARI KOLAR HVDC BIPOLE HVDC BACK-TO-BACK ANDAMAN & NICOBAR LAKSHADWEEP 765 kv 400 kv 220 kv

21 Pushing Technological Frontiers ±500 kv HVDC 765kV AC ±800 kv HVDC 1200kV UHVAC 400 kv Grid Disturbances /13

22 Technologies Already Implemented Focus: Optimisation of Right-of-Way & Land requirement Upgrading & Uprating of existing transmission system EHVAC Transmission System up to 765kV High rise & Multi ckt towers to avoid deforestation and protection of wild life Multi-conductor Bundle line Compact Tower/Pole Tower to reduce Right-of-Way High Temp endurance conductor for increased Loading Gas Insulated Substation Substation automation & remote operation Contd

23 Technology in Operation and Maintenance State-of-the-Art maintenance techniques being practiced: Hotline maintenance Live line detection of Insulator failure Emergency Restoration System Thermo vision scanning

24 Towards Green Environment Environment & Social Policy (ESPP) based on principles of Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation Specially designed high - rise towers (75m) to reduce tree cutting (Reduced from to in Rajaji National Park) 50 mtr 9-25 mtr Application of Multi circuit and Compact towers to reduce corridor requirement Land Use Pattern Traversed in 27,000 Ckt.kms (till 1998) in 21,000 ckt.kms (after 1998) 4-5 mtr approx 28% 2% 6% 28% 2% 2% 64% 68% Forest Agriculture Revenue land Others Total Forest involvement reduced from 6% to 2% after implementation of ESPP since Timely project implementation without any rehabilitation and resettlement disputes.

25 Technologies Being Undertaken Leadership Position in Technology +800kV, 6000MW HVDC system High Surge Impedance Loading Line(HSIL) 1200kV UHVAC System Reducing high short circuit level Intelligent Grid Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), Wide Area Monitoring (WAM), Self Healing, Adaptive Islanding 1200kV UHVAC Test station for indigenous development Combined effort of manufacturers (19 nos.) and POWERGRID POWERGRID s investment about Rs. 100 crs. 1200kV Equipment like transformers, CB, disconnectors, Surge Arresters, CT, CVT etc. are being supplied by manufacturers Test station to be developed for HVDC

26 Thank You