Propulsion Systems in Transition

Transcription

1 AVL List GmbH Propulsion Systems in Transition Joint symposium Waseda - AVL Prof. Dr. Helmut List

2 AVL Corporate presentation 2

3 Solutions for all CUSTOMER SEGMENTS Powertrain Engineering Passenger Cars 2-Wheelers Racing Development Platform Construction Agriculture Commercial Vehicle Locomotive Marine Power Plants Simulation & Testing 3

4 Enterprise Development Automotive RESEARCH 10% of turnover in-house R&D INNOVATION 1500 granted patents GROWTH 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, STAFF employees 65% engineers and scientists SALES 1995: 0.15 billion 2017: 1.55 billion Plan 2018: 1.71 billion GLOBAL FOOTPRINT 40 engineering locations 21 of them with own test fields >220 testbeds Global customer support network EXPERIENCE 70 years! ONE PARTNER POWERTRAIN and its Integration in the Vehicle 4

5 AVL Powertrain a Network of Technical Centers HQ Graz, AUT Steyr, AUT Graz, AUT Neuenstadt, GER Regensburg, GERRemscheid, GER Munich, GER Södertälje,SWE Istanbul, TUR Budapest, HUN Paris, FRA Reggio Emilia, ITA Basildon, UK Coventry, UK Ingolstadt, GER Stuttgart, GER Gotenborg, SWE Haninge, SWE Plymouth, USA Lake Forest, USA Delhi-Gurgaon, IND Shanghai, CHN Tianjin, CHN Ann Arbor, USA Seoul, KOR Tokyo, JPN + another 13 Engineering Offices Sao Paulo, BRA 5

6 FACTS AND FIGURES AVL JAPAN RESEARCH 10% of turnover in-house R&D Supporting Member of AICE STAFF 340 employees of AVL Japan JAPAN FOOTPRINT 4 engineering locations 3 test beds (at JTC) Global customer support network Long Term Cooperation Experience with Japanese customers 5 powertrain elements Your local PARTNER 6

7 AVL JAPAN TECHNICAL CENTER 4-Dyno Powertrain & Vehicle Testbed Battery Emulator Light Duty Engine Testbed Heavy Duty Engine Testbed Virtual Testbed (HiL) 7

8 Propulsion Systems in Transition 8

9 Challenges for Future Powertrains Short Term CO2 Fleet Mid Term Long Term Lifecycle Assessment Affordability New Mobility Local Imission Zero Impact Emission Comprehensive Sustainability 9

10 Imission Situation in Large Cities Imission (snapshot values, 2015) 1) Local Imission 1) Representative values not necessarily yearly max Source: Air quality index 10

11 Fundamental Change in Emission Compliance Traditional Test Cycles RDE Real Driving Emission 11

12 Global Technology Shares One Potential Scenario Annual Production Volume (Global) Mio AVL Prediction 03/2018 Scenario Medium Global FCEV BEV ICE PHEV ICE (M)HEV ICE only FCEV BEV ICE 12

13 Powertrain Competition Obstacles of Individual Technologies 13

14 Internal Combustion Engine Challenges 14

15 NOx Emission of a SULEV 30 Diesel Vehicle FTP 75 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 30 NO x - ppm Near Zero Impact 5 0 Vehicle Speed km/h Time s 15

16 Technology Trends - Spark Ignition Engines today Miller, Atkinson tomorrow VCR, HCCI, UHP,... Extended Miller, Advanced Boosting Spark Ignited Mild Hybrid e.g. extended 48V systems (20 30 kw) as enabler for low emission & CO 2 HCCI.. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition VCR Variable Compression Ratio, UHP.Ultra High Injection Pressure 16

17 Technology Trends Diesel Engines today tomorrow Lean NOx Trap + SCR Advanced EAS & Temperature Management, Refined Operation Strategies Compression Ignited (Diesel) Mild Hybrid e.g. extended 48V systems (20 30 kw) as enabler for low emission & CO 2 17

18 Synthetic Fuels Advantages Simple storage and transport Utilization of existing infrastructure Re-use of established powertrain concepts Low CO 2 footprint Challenges Synthetic fuels do not meet todays specifications Costs: Utilize advantages on local resources 18

19 Battery Electric Powertrain - Challenges 19

20 Development of Battery Cell Costs 400 Price in $/kwh on cell level* $/kwh $/kwh 100 $/kwh? *Source: Anderman Report

21 Power Densities of Batteries 350 Wh/kg 240 Wh/kg Performance Prognosis of Li-Ion Cells 160 Wh/kg SOP Wh/kg Wh/L Data of AVL Series Battery Benchmark program 21

22 Required Charging Time for 400 km Range Required charging time for 400 km 24 hours 167 min Today 80 min 50 min 29 min Charging = Refueling 17 min 12 min Target <10 min 3,6 kw 20 kw 50 kw 85 kw 150 kw 250 kw 350 kw At home / at work Parking Source: AVL, Strategy Engineers, Audi, bimmertoday Long distance 22

23 Fuel Cell Powertrain - Challenges 23

24 Range Impact on Vehicle Weight 2500 BEV Vehicle Weight - kg Toyota Mirai 1850kg 500km* GM Bolt 1624kg 520km* FCEV *NEDC Range Range - km Fuel Cell Battery Electric 24

25 Types of Fuel Cells PEM (Emission free) SOFC (Pollutant free, only CO 2 emission) PEM Fuel Cell Engine kw SOFC APU/Range Extender 3-30 kw SOFC Stationary Power Generator kw-mw e-gas Ethanol Methanol 25

26 Powertrain Competition 26

27 One possible Technology Scenario EUROPE ICE 27

28 One possible Technology Scenario EUROPE One possible Technology Scenario EUROPE ICE 28

29 One possible Technology Scenario EUROPE 29 ICE

30 Conclusions (1/2) Long Term : Significant increase of electrical propulsion systems Current imission issue has anyway to be resolved by the ICE itself ICE will meet EU6d final even w/o Hybridization With Hybridization, ICE has Zero Impact Emission potential Synthetic Fuels (PtX) will enable a CO 2 neutral ICE Any disqualification of the ICE in the technology race should be withdrawn The ICE remains also in the future an important contender 30

31 Conclusions (2/2) Complexity has to be seen not only as challenge, but as an enabler for extended flexibilities The practicability to put an increasing diversity of models into robust series solution will be decisive New approaches with shifting both development and validation more towards the virtual world are required The efficient connection of new development tools becomes key Not only the propulsion systems themselves are undergoing an essential transition, but also the respective development methodology and the development environment 31

32 Thank You