Computers and Control Systems: Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes

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1 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 1 Computers and Control Systems: Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes Generic Drive Cycle Readiness Code Resetting Procedure (Generic Drive Cycle) Readiness Monitors and Drive Cycles "Readiness Monitors" are indicators that demonstrate whether or not emission system components are being monitored (checked) by the OBD-II system. If a monitor is set to "Ready" the monitor is checking its assigned component and, if no DTC's are present, the vehicle should pass an emissions test. NOTE: If the appropriate number of Readiness Monitors (codes) are not flagged as "Ready", in most cases, the vehicle can not pass an emissions test. See State and Federal Laws. he status of all readiness monitors is reset to "Not Ready": Each time DTC's are cleared. The battery is disconnected. The ECM is disconnected. The status of all readiness monitors is reset to "Ready": After DTC's are cleared and the appropriate drive cycle(s) is successfully completed. EPA Federal Test Procedure Manufacturers are required to validate monitors during the first 23 minutes (1372 seconds) of the Federal Test Procedure Drive Cycle.

2 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 2 EPA Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule ompleting the Drive Cycle successfully one (1) time should reset most drive cycle monitors to a "Ready" status. However, there are "two trip" onitors, which require that the drive cycle be successfully completed two (2) times, to achieve a "Ready" status. Furthermore, systems which use veraging, may require the drive cycle to be completed more than 2 times. erify the status of the readiness monitors with the appropriate function of your scan tool. NOTE: Certain vehicles have known OBD-II Readiness issues. Please be sure to review TSB's for special circumstances and or exceptions to readiness monitor resetting procedures. efore Beginning the Drive Cycle heck the status of the Readiness Monitors, check for DTC's, correct faults, clear DTC's before beginning the Drive Cycle. egin Drive Cycle he vehicle should be driven approximately 7.5 miles within a period of approx. 23 minutes (1372 seconds) from a cold start. However, due to anufacture variations, it is necessary to perform only as much of the Drive Cycle as is necessary to reset the required monitors to a "Ready" status. perate the throttle smoothly to obtain best results. Do not shut the engine off during the drive cycle. CAUTION: Obey all traffic laws and drive in a safe manner! NOTE: Extreme driving conditioning such as very high/low temperatures, rough roads and high altitudes may prevent some monitors from attaining a "Ready" status. tep 1 tep 2 tep 3 tep 4 tep 5 tep 6 tep 7 tep 8 tep 9 (Engine Cold) Start engine, idle 20 seconds. Accelerate gradually and drive at mph for 1 minute, varying speed. Accelerate gradually to 32 mph within 35 seconds. Decelerate to 0 mph in 10 seconds. Idle for 40 seconds. Accelerate at part throttle to 25 mph in 10 seconds. Cruise at mph for 15 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 57 mph in 45 seconds. Cruise at mph for 1 minute. Decelerate gradually to 0 mph in 40 seconds. Idle for 15 seconds. Accelerate at part throttle to 36 mph and maintain for 10 seconds. Decelerate to 0 mph in 15 seconds. Idle for 5 seconds. Accelerate to 30 mph and back to 0 mph within 30 seconds. Idle for 20 seconds. Accelerate to 36 mph in 20 seconds. Drive at 35 mph for 20 seconds. Decelerate to 0 mph in 15 seconds. Idle 5 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 26 mph and decelerate to 0 within 40 seconds. Idle 15 seconds. Accelerate to 27 mph in 40 seconds. Decelerate to 0 mph in 10 seconds. Idle 25 seconds. Accelerate to 26 mph in 15 seconds, maintain speed for 10 seconds, decelerate to 0 mph in 10 seconds. Idle 15 seconds.

3 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 3 Step 10 Accelerate to 23 mph in 20 seconds, decelerate to 0.5 mph in 10 seconds (no complete stop). Accelerate to 28 mph and back to 0 mph (momentary stop 1 second) within 35 seconds. Step 11 Accelerate gradually to 34 mph in 45 seconds. Vary speed between 34 and 19 mph for 2 minutes. Decelerate from 25 to 0 mph in 25 seconds. Idle for 5 seconds. Step 12 Step 13 Step 14 Step 15 Step 16 Step 17 Accelerate to 29 mph in 15 seconds, decelerate gradually to 0 mph in 45 seconds. Idle for 30 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 28 mph and back to 0 mph (momentary stop 1 second) within 50 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 27 mph and back to 0 mph within 55 seconds. Idle for 15 seconds. Accelerate to 24 mph and back to 0 mph within 18 seconds. Idle for 10 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 22 mph and back to 0 mph within 50 seconds. Idle for 8 seconds. Accelerate gradually to 30 mph within 50 seconds. Decelerate to 0 mph in 10 seconds. Idle for 25 seconds. Accelerate to 23 mph and back to 0 mph within 30 seconds. Idle for 10 seconds. Repeat steps 1-16 once again. Recheck the status of the "Readiness Monitors". NOTE: Remember, clearing DTC's or interrupting power to the ECM after the readiness monitors have been reset to "Ready" will require that the Drive Cycle be repeated. Completing the Drive Cycle successfully one (1) time should reset most drive cycle monitors to a "Ready" status. However, there are "two trip" monitors, which require that the drive cycle be successfully completed two (2) times, to achieve a "Ready" status. Furthermore, systems which use averaging, may require the drive cycle to be completed more than 2 times. It is necessary to perform only as much of the Drive Cycle as is necessary to reset the required monitors to a "Ready" status. End Drive Cycle Verifying Repairs/Completing a Trip VERIFYING REPAIRS / COMPLETING A TRIP PARAMETERS General After carrying out repairs it may be necessary to check that the fault really has been remedied. One way of doing this is to check that the Engine Control Module (ECM) has carried out a self diagnostic for the function/component that has been repaired, and that the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) has not recurred. Verifying repairs is only intended as an aid if uncertain whether the fault persists or not. If an obvious fault is detected during fault-tracing it is not necessary to verify the repair. The Volvo Scan Tool as a Verification Tool One can check the control module self diagnostic by using the Volvo Scan Tool (ST). Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) contains a menu called Diagnostic test. This displays a status menu that shows whether certain engine control module (ECM) conditions have been fulfilled or not. When verifying a repair check whether a TRIP has been completed or not. TRIP = YES All diagnostic functions have been carried out at least once during the same journey. TRIP = NO Not all diagnostic functions have been completed, a sub-menu displays those which have not been completed. SUBSTITUTE TRIP The control module has not completed all diagnostic functions because diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) have prevented other diagnoses. READINESS = YES Two TRIPs need to have been completed one after the other for readiness to switch to YES.. Readiness is checked in the USA in the inspection/maintenance (l/m) test. Any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) can be read off with a Generic Scan Tool (ST). To pass the test readiness must be confirmed and no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored.

4 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 4 Erase Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) or reset Long-Term Fuel Trim to reset readiness. Completing a TRIP Check all diagnostic functions as follows. - If the engine control module (ECM) has been without power the engine should be started a few times before the test is carried out. - If the car has been without power and misfire-related diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) are being verified a flywheel adaption must be carried out before verification (see Design and Function, Misfire Diagnostic). - The test should take place on a road with little traffic where it is possible to drive slowly and stop at the side of the road. - The air conditioning (A/C) can be on when the engine is running at part load but must be switched off before the engine is idled. - Engine coolant temperature (ECT) should not be above +25~C (77~F) when the engine is started before the test. - Ensure that there are no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored in the system before carrying out verification. - Start the engine and drive according to the schedule, use the Diagnostic test menu in the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to see when a TRIP has been completed. Driving Schedule: To complete a TRIP as fast as possible follow the special Driving Schedule shown below. - Start Engine. - Move Gear Selector to Drive. - Accelerate Gently to 1,500-2,000 rpm. - Drive for 5 minutes at 1,500-2,000 rpm. - Idle Engine for 70 seconds. - Drive Engaged, Air Conditioning OFF. - Drive for 6 minutes at 1,500-2,000 rpm. - Idle Engine for 40 seconds. - Drive Engaged. - Air Conditioning (A/C) OFF. - Drive for 5 minutes at 1,500-2,000 rpm. OBD II Readiness Codes: Revised Reset Instructions Information as per TSB # This Service Bulletin replaces the previous SB dated January 2002 and supersedes TNN dated December 2001, which both should be discarded. Purpose: Revised repair verification driving cycle, Service Manual TP M4.4 and TP M4.3 Affected vehicles: Vehicles equipped with Motronic 4.4 or Motronic 4.3 Engine Management System OBD II Readiness Codes: Revised Reset Instructions Background: The MY 1996,1997 and 1998 Volvo 850/S70/V70/C70s require an extended driving period in order to reset readiness codes from INCOMPLETE to COMPLETE. When verifying an emission related repair, the TRIP identified in Section KKKK of the Engine Management System Service Manual TP M 4.4 or Section EBU of the Engine Management System Service Manual TP M 4.3 may not allow all of the diagnostic monitors to run. The following instructions, which supersede TRIP instructions contained in the above referenced service manual, will exercise all of the diagnostic monitors on these models. As long as no diagnostic trouble codes have been stored, the readiness codes will be set to COMPLETE upon completion of two consecutive trips driven according to the instructions.

5 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 5 OBD II Readiness Codes: Revised Reset Instructions Introduction 1 This on-road driving sequence will allow all of the diagnostic functions an opportunity to run. After two correct, consecutive TRIPS, the readiness codes should be set to COMPLETE, provided no diagnostic trouble codes have been stored. General Instructions 2 No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) present in system. Connect Volvo Systems Tester (VST). Enter the DIAGNOSTIC CHECK menu to verify if a trip has been completed refer to VST Screen Navigation for OBD II Trip and Flywheel Readiness. M 4.4 Flywheel adaptation must be completed (status READY) TIP: Look in the Monitor Test Scroll List and find the entry "F ADAP." It will say either READY or NOT READY. If it says READY, continue. If it says NOT READY refer to setting the flywheel adaptive values to ready. M 4.3 NOTE: The VST can not read the flywheel adaptation on M 4.3 vehicles. Therefore we must assume that they are not set. See Setting the flywheel adaptive values to ready to assure flywheel adaptive is set. M 4.3 When interrogated using a generic OBD II scan tool, the MY 1996 Volvo 850, equipped with Bosch Motronic 4.3 Engine Management System, may experience all of the Readiness Codes changing from COMPLETE to INCOMPLETE when the ignition key is cycled. This behavior applies to all 1996 M s and cannot be corrected. DO NOT turn the engine off until after the Enhanced Inspection/Maintenance OBD II check has been completed. In order to insure EVAP leakage detection completion, the fuel level in the car should be above 1/4 and below 3/4 tank. Air conditioning (A/C) must be off during idle periods. A/C compressor activation during the Evap diagnostic may Interrupt the Evap test. Select a suitable route where it is possible to safely stop at the side of the road. Obey all traffic regulations and posted speed limits. Engine temperature at start must be between +29 C (84 F) +49 C (122 F). If engine temperature is below +29 C, start engine to warm up over +29 C and then shut off. Restart engine when coolant temperature is between +29 C-+49 C. TIP: The coolant temperature can be read out from the SCROLL LIST using the Volvo Systems Tester (VST). Another confirmation that the ECU has seen the correct start criteria is to access the EFI code 112 in the DIAGNOSTIC CHECK menu. With ignition key in position 2, engine off, access the DIAGNOSTIC CHECK menu and press enter. The EFI codes will appear. Scroll down until you get to EFI 112. Start engine, go directly from position 2 to position 3 do not cycle key. The EFI 112 status should then change from NOT TESTED to TESTED. This indicates that the ECU has seen the correct start criteria. Trip Instructions 3 Start Engine Accelerate gently to rpm, manual gear box equipped, gear selection dependent on highway Drive for 6 minutes at rpm Safely stop the car and idle engine for 70 seconds [Fuel Trim adaptive functions are checked by the above steps.) Accelerate gently to rpm Drive for 6 minutes at rpm, manual gear box equipped, gear selection dependent on highway Stop the car and idle engine for 70 seconds

6 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 6 [Secondary Air diagnosis should be carried out at this time (if equipped).] Accelerate gently to at least 45 mph, drive for 5 minutes at rpm, manual gear box equipped, gear selection dependent on highway Top the car and idle engine for 60 seconds [EVAP Leakage diagnosis should be carried out at this time] Accelerate gently to at least 45 mph, drive for 4 minutes at rpm, manual gear box equipped, gear selection dependent on highway Stop the car and idle engine for 60 seconds Accelerate gently to mm NOTE: Repeat this last step 3-4 times. To set the cycle flag for idle air adaptation diagnosis the engine needs to come to idle 7 times. Under normal driving conditions you come idle 7 times very easily, but during the forced "TRIP" there are just 3 idle phases STOP, DO NOT SHUT OFF ENGINE, trip completed move gear selector to neutral apply parking brake Check that all diagnostic functions are completed, using Volvo Systems Tester (see below) The diagnostic check will now say, "TRIP COMPLETED". M 4.4 systems will also display either READINESS = YES or NO based on completion of 2 "TRIPS". M 4.3 systems will not display the READINESS code, but 2 complete "TRIPS" will set the READINESS code. If all diagnostic functions are NOT completed there are ways to rerun portions of the trip, see the descriptions following. STOP, DO NOT SHUT OFF ENGINE, trip completed move gear selector to neutral apply parking brake Check that all diagnostic functions are completed, using Volvo Systems Tester (see below) The diagnostic check will now say, "TRIP COMPLETED". M 4.4 systems will also display either READINESS YES or NO based on completion of 2 "TRIPS". M 4.3 systems will not display the READINESS code, but 2 complete "TRIPS will set the READINESS code. If all diagnostic functions are NOT completed there are ways to rerun portions of the trip, see the descriptions following. sing the Volvo Systems tester, VST, you can determine if all diagnostic functions were completed. If any one or more were not tested you can rerun nly that portion of the TRIP. To determine which diagnostic functions have not been completed, using the VST enter the DIAGNOSTIC CHECK enu. At the TRIP/READINESS window press enter. Here the EFI codes representing individual diagnostic functions will be displayed. Note the ones that are NOT TESTED. Below are the specifics on how you can address individual codes: NOTE: The VST does not continuously provide "online" updates. If you want to check the status of readiness before, during or after a drive cycle you must always exit the VST Diagnostic Test and re-enter. EFI 233, Adaptive Idle Air trim. After completing the trip and seeing that this function is not set, idle the Engine for 60 seconds, press the accelerator and rev up the Engine above 1500 rpm for a few seconds, return to Idle for 60 seconds. Continue this until EFI 233 is completed. EFI 425/436, Rear oxygen sensor, Accelerate to at least 45 mph, drive for 5 minutes at rpm. EFI 435, Front heated oxygen sensor, slow response. Drive the car with an Engine speed between approximately 2200 to 2800 rpm and a load between 1,1 to 1,8 ms (LOAD - TL). Automatic gearbox equipped, use low gear it necessary. drive for 2 minutes at rpm, manual gear box equipped gear selection dependent on highway accelerate directly to rpm for 30 seconds, manual gear box equipped in third gear reduce rpm to for 2 minutes, manual gear box equipped in fifth gear

7 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 7 accelerate directly to rpm for 30 seconds, manual gear box equipped in third gear reduce rpm to for 2 minutes, manual gear box equipped in forth gear EFI 611/612, Fuel tank system. Run the quick test in VST for Leakage detection monitoring. (ACTIVATION->ACTIVATE DIAG->LEAKAGE DIAGNOSIS EFI ,Pulsed Secondary Air Injection system, Run the Quick test in VST for the Pulsed Secondary Air system monitoring (ACTIVATION->ACTIVATE DIAG->SAS DIAGNOSIS) Again: Please note that although the readiness codes may present as INCOMPLETE, this condition will not inhibit the OBD II system from onitoring, detecting, and subsequently storing a corresponding DTC in system memory. Warranty Information WARRANTY STATEMENT: All claims should be submitted on a long form with claim type 02 (emission). Labor time claimed should be actual time up to 3 hours. The repair text should also include "reset readiness code". All claims are subject to Volvo claim documentation requirements (i.e.: hard copy, punch time, etc.). Setting the Flywheel Adaptive Values to Ready Background: The ECM monitors crankshaft speed variations to help detect misfire. In order to make misfire detection very accurate, the ECM uses an adaptive program to make sure that any variations in flywheel speed are due to the actions of misfire rather than small manufacturing tolerance variations which are normally present in the flywheel trigger wheel teeth. This adaptive process occurs naturally during normal driving. If the battery is disconnected or if the Flywheel Adaptive values are reset, the Flywheel Adaptive status ("F ADAP") will change from READY to NOT READY. In order to be able to successfully perform an OBD II TRIP, the flywheel status must be changed to READY before starting the TRIP. The Flywheel Adaptive program is only active during engine fuel cut-off. That means that the program only adapts when the throttle is closed, the engine speed is decreasing, and the ECM has turned off the fuel injectors. That is the only time that crankshaft speed variations are so small that it is reliable to start the adaptive process. The ECM will use one section of the flywheel signal as a reference, and "adapt" the other sections of the signal so that they match. After a certain period of time, when the ECM is satisfied that the different sections of the flywheel signal look the same, the adaptive process stops and the Flywheel Adaptive status changes to "READY". Driving to Change the Flywheel Status to Ready Hook up the VST and go into the Monitor Test Scroll List refer to VST Screen Navigation for OBD II Trip and Flywheel Readiness. Find the Flywheel Status and the Flywheel Adaptive values (F ADAP, F A DOPT, F ADAP C, etc.) NOTE: These scroll list parameters are only available for M 4.4. The procedure works for M 4.3, but you can not check to see if the Flywheel Adaptive Status has changed to READY. Drive the car in 2nd or 3rd gear ( mm) and decelerate without using the brake (a long downhill is helpful for this but not necessary). The flywheel adaptive values should begin to change. Repeat the decelerations until the adaptive values stop changing. At that time, the Flywheel Status changes to READY. Now you can let the engine temperature cool down to between 29 C -49 C so you can begin the TRIP.

8 1998 Volvo V70 AWD L5-2.4L Turbo VIN 56 B5254T Page 8

Fixed Right First Time. Volvo Technicians, Service and Parts Managers

Fixed Right First Time. Volvo Technicians, Service and Parts Managers Tech-Net Notes Fixed Right First Time Volvo Technicians, Service and Parts Managers NO: 25-19 DATE: 6-30-2004 MODEL: 960-S/V90/850/S70/V70/C70 M. YEAR: 1996-1998 SUBJECT: Establishing Readiness for OBD