Summary Report of Basic Survey on Wage Structure (starting salary)

Transcription

1 Summary Report of Basic Survey on Wage Structure (starting ) 2012 Contents Outline of Survey Page 1 Definitions Page 3 Summary of Results 1. Starting by school career Page 4 2. Starting by enterprise size Page 6 3. Starting by industry Page 7 4. Starting distribution Page 8 Statistical tables Page 9 Summary Report of Basic Survey on Wage Structure (starting ) 2012 Japanese is also posted on the website of Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (

2 Outline of Survey 1. Objective This survey is a fundamental statistics, and its objective is to clarify the wage structure of employees in major industries by type of employment, type of work, occupation, sex, age, school career, length of service, and occupational career, and others. Of them, only the results of starting are compiled in this summary. 2. Scope of Survey (1) Area Nationwide (except some islands) (2) Industry The following 16 major industries, based on the Standard Industrial Classification for Japan (revised in November 2007). Mining and quarrying of stone and gravel Construction, Manufacturing, Electricity, gas, heat supply and water, Information and communications, Transport and postal activities, Wholesale and retail trade, Finance and insurance, Real estate and goods rental and leasing, Scientific research, and technical services, Accommodations, eating and drinking services, Living-related and personal services and amusement services, Education, learning support, Medical, health care and welfare, Compound services, Services, n.e.c. (3) Establishment 78,483 establishments were selected according to some sampling method from private establishments with five or more regular employees (for establishments with 5-9 regular employees category, its enterprise size should be establishments with 5-9 regular employees) and public establishments with 10 or more regular employees by prefecture, industry, and enterprise size. As for starting sampling, 14,109 establishments which had hired new graduates were selected from 49,230 establishments with valid response out of 64,610 private establishments with 10 or more regular employees. 3. Survey items Characteristics of the establishment, the number of employees by type of employment, - 1 -

3 total number of regular employees in enterprise, starting for new graduates and the number of recruits 4. Survey period The survey was conducted in July 2012, on the June wage of new graduates who were employed as of the end of June Survey method The survey form was distributed and collected by staff and enumerators from Labour Bureau and Labour Standards Inspection Offices in each prefecture. 6. Survey body Statistics and Information Department, Minister s Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Prefectural Labour Bureau Labour Standards Inspection Office Enumerator Respondent - 2 -

4 Definitions New graduate In principle, a person who graduated from high school, technical college/junior college, or university under the School Education Act, or who has completed a master s program and obtained or will obtain a master s degree in March However, those who graduated from medical or dental school, special training school, school in miscellaneous category, or occupational skills development school are excluded. New graduates are described as new graduate employees in this summary report. Starting The amount of scheduled cash earnings (which includes basic pay and fringe benefits, but non-scheduled cash earnings) without commuting allowance. The amount is the weighted average of the number of new graduate employees. This summary report s targets were those who were employed as of the end of June 2012, and this year s were determined (97.6 %). Notes Marks used in statistical charts (*) requires caution in use due to lack of data quantity ( ) unclear counting or inappropriate to show counting (-) no applicable figures Response to Great East Japan Earthquake The survey was also conducted as far as possible in the affected area and tabulated as normal

5 Summary of Results 1. Starting by school career The following is starting of high school graduate or in 2012 by school career as follows. of male and female Master s degree holder 226,100yen (Year-on-year rate -3.6%) 199,600yen ( -1.2%) 170,100 yen ( -1.4%) and senior high 157,900 yen ( 0.9%) Male Master s degree holder 225,600 yen (Year-on-year rate -3.5%) 201,800 yen ( -1.6%) 173,000 yen ( -1.4%) and senior high 160,100 yen ( 0.4%) Female Master s degree holder 228,400 yen (Year-on-year rate -3.8%) 196,500 yen ( -0.7%) 168,400 yen ( -1.2%) and senior high 153,600 yen ( 1.2%) Figure 1 The Trends of increase/decrease rate for starting by sex, school career compared to the previous year (%) 8 (Male) (%) 8 Master s degree holder and senior high (Female) Note: Data for those who completed master s degree has been collected since

6 The figures for men, women and the total of men and women have increased on the previous year, only as for graduates of upper secondary. (Figure 1, Table 1, Figure 2, Appendix Table 1) Table 1 Trends of starting by sex, and school career Male Female Year and senior high and senior high and senior high ,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen 1,000 Yen ( 0.4) ( 1.5) ( 0.7) ( 1.3) ( 0.7) ( 1.3) ( 0.2) ( 0.8) (-1.4) ( 1.7) ( 1.0) ( 2.3) ( 1.1) ( 0.1) ( 2.1) ( 0.1) ( 1.1) ( 0.0) ( 2.4) ( 0.5) ( 1.6) ( 0.2) ( 1.8) (-0.8) (-1.9) (-0.7) (-1.7) ( 0.0) (-1.8) (-0.5) (-1.3) (-0.1) (-2.6) (-0.7) (-2.0) ( 0.1) ( 4.7) ( 2.3) ( 1.3) (-0.8) ( 4.2) ( 2.3) ( 1.1) (-0.8) ( 7.3) ( 2.3) ( 1.4) (-0.9) (-3.6) (-1.2) (-1.4) ( 0.9) (-3.5) (-1.6) (-1.4) ( 0.4) (-3.8) (-0.7) (-1.2) ( 1.2) Note: ( ) is increase/decrease rate (%) compared to the previous year. Figure 2 Trends of starting by sex, and school career (Male) Master s degree senior holder high and Master s degree holder (Female) senior high and - 5 -

7 Amount difference between sizes Female Male Starting and increase/decrease rate in comparison with the previous year Female Male 2. Starting by enterprise size Looking at the breakdown of starting salaries by enterprise size and educational level, the starting for both male and female university graduates decrease on the previous year in large (1,000 or more regular employees) and medium size ( regular employees), while increasing on the previous year for both men and women in small size (10-99 regular employees). Amongst upper secondary school graduates, starting salaries increased for both male and female on the previous year, except for men in large size. Looking at disparities in starting salaries between enterprise sizes (where a large size enterprise = 100), has been narrowed disparity was observed for university graduates, except in the case of male in medium size. (Table 2). Table 2 Trends of starting by sex, enterprise size, school career, increase/decrease rate in comparison with the previous year, and the amount difference between sizes Master s degree holder and senior high Sex, enterprise size Starting Increase/ Starting Starting Increase/ Starting Increase/ decrease decrease decrease rate rate in rate in in comparison comparison comparison w ith the w ith the w ith the previous year (%) previous year (%) previous year (%) Increase/ decrease rate in comparison w ith the previous year (%) Large size Medium size Small size Large size Medium size Small size Large size Medium size Small size Medium size Small size Medium size Small size Medium size Small size Note: 1) Large size =1,000 or more regular employees, medium size = regular employees, small size = regular em 2) For the amount difference between sizes, starting in large size =

8 Female Male 3. Starting by industry In the breakdown of starting salaries by major industries and educational level, the scientific research, and technical services industry had the highest for both male and female university graduates (213,300 yen for men and 208,100 yen for women). The industries with the lowest starting salaries were medical, health care and welfare for male (191,500 yen), and accomodation, eating and drinking services for female (186,700 yen). The highest starting for male upper secondary school graduates construction was in the construction (166,200 yen), and Living-related and personal services and amusement services for female (164,500 yen), while the industries with the lowest starting salaries for both male and female in the finance and Insurance(141,400 yen for men and 145,000 yen for women). (Table 3). Table 3 Trends of starting by sex, industry, school career, and increase/decrease rate compared to the previous year Sex, industry Construction Manufacturing Information and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and Retail trade Finance and Insurance Scientific research, and technical services Accommodations,eating and drinking services Living-related and personal services and amusement services * Education,Learning support Medical,health care and Welfare Services,n.e.c Construction Manufacturing Information and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and Retail trade Finance and Insurance Scientific research, and technical services Accommodations,eating and drinking services * Living-related and personal services * and amusement services Education,Learning support Medical,health care and Welfare Services,n.e.c Construction Manufacturing Information and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and Retail trade Finance and Insurance Scientific research, and technical services Accommodations,eating and drinking services Living-related and personal services and amusement services Master s degree holder * * * * Education,Learning support Medical,health care and Welfare Services,n.e.c * Note: 1. includes mining and quarrying of stone and gravel, electricity, gas, heat supply and water, real estate and goods rental and leasing, and compound services in addition to the above. 2. (*) requires caution in use because there were only a few new graduate employees. 3. (-) there were no new graduate employees and senior high Increase/de Increase/de Increase/de Starting crease rate Starting crease rate Starting crease rate Starting in in in comparison comparison comparison with the with the with the previous previous previous year (%) year (%) year (%) Increase/de crease rate in comparison with the previous year (%)

9 .5) 7.9) 1.7) 4. Starting distribution Looking at the distribution of starting salaries, the most common for both male and female university graduates was in the 200, ,999 yen range, comprising 41.2% of men and 29.2% of women. Amongst upper secondary school graduates, the most common for men was the 160, ,999 yen range (35.1%), and for women the 150, ,999 yen range (30.7%) (Table 4). Table 4 New graduate employees rate of starting by level, sex, and school career Starting Master s degree holder Male Female and senior high Master s degree holder and junior colleges senior high Master s degree holder and junior colleges senior high 1,000 Yen % % % % % % % % % % % % ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Average (234.5) (202.0) (172.5) (156.5) (233.9) (205.0) (175.5) (159.4) (237.3) (197.9) (170.5) (151.8) 1st decile (208.4) (170.6) (147.2) (135.1) (210.5) (173.4) (151.8) (140.8) (195.5) (166.5) (145.5) (130.8) Median (228.3) (201.0) (171.2) (158.5) (228.1) (202.1) (175.4) (160.4) (230.7) (197.6) (167.9) (152.3) 9th decile (286.2) (239.6) (201.5) (175.5) (285.9) (250.8) (207.6) (178.0) (286.9) (231.6) (200.8) (171.1) Dispersion coefficient (0.17) (0.17) (0.16) (0.13) (0.17) (0.19) (0.16) (0.12) (0.20) (0.16) (0.16) (0.13) Note: 1) Quantile is a value to indicate distribution shape. Specifically, when the amount of starting for all persons are lined up from the lowest to the highest, the of the lowest 1/10 is 1 st decile, the highest 1/10 is 9 th decile, and the middle is median. 2) Decile dispersion coefficient is one of indicators to indicate spread of distribution, and its value is calculated according to the following formula. In general, the smaller the value, the smaller the spread of distribution is. Decile Dispersion Coefficient=(9th Decile 1st Decile)/2 x Median 1st decile Median 9th decile 3) Figure in ( ) is that of 2011 Starting Low new graduate employees Starting High - 8 -

10 Femal Male Statistical Tables Appendix Table 1 Trends of starting by sex, school career, and increase/decrease rate compared to the previous year Sex, Year Master s degree holder and senior high 1,000 Yen (%) 1,000 Yen (%) 1,000 Yen (%) 1,000 Yen (%) 2001 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2002 ( ) ( 0.0) ( 0.1) ( 0.0) 2003 ( ) ( 1.5) (-0.4) (-0.7) 2004 ( ) (-1.6) ( 0.6) (-0.2) ( ) (-0.6) ( 0.2) ( 0.2) ( 2.0) ( 1.2) ( 1.1) ( 1.0) ( 0.1) (-0.3) ( 0.0) ( 0.8) ( 0.4) ( 1.5) ( 0.7) ( 1.3) ( 1.1) ( 0.1) ( 2.1) ( 0.1) (-1.9) (-0.7) (-1.7) ( 0.0) ( 4.7) ( 2.3) ( 1.3) (-0.8) (-3.6) (-1.2) (-1.4) ( 0.9) 1989 ( ) ( 5.1) ( 4.6) ( 4.4) 1990 ( ) ( 5.6) ( 5.1) ( 5.9) 1991 ( ) ( 5.6) ( 6.7) ( 5.9) 1992 ( ) ( 4.2) ( 3.7) ( 4.1) 1993 ( ) ( 1.8) ( 2.6) ( 2.7) 1994 ( ) ( 1.1) ( 0.9) ( 2.1) 1995 ( ) ( 0.9) (-0.9) ( 0.1) 1996 ( ) (-0.5) ( 1.0) ( 0.3) 1997 ( ) ( 0.4) ( 1.3) ( 1.0) 1998 ( ) ( 0.8) (-0.1) ( 0.3) 1999 ( ) ( 0.6) ( 0.9) ( 0.7) 2000 ( ) ( 0.2) ( 0.8) (-0.3) 2001 ( ) ( 0.7) (-0.8) ( 0.6) 2002 ( ) ( 0.1) (-0.5) (-0.4) 2003 ( ) ( 1.4) ( 0.2) ( 0.0) 2004 ( ) (-1.5) ( 0.5) (-0.9) ( ) (-0.8) (-0.2) (-0.3) ( 1.6) ( 1.6) ( 0.5) ( 1.2) ( 0.0) (-0.5) ( 0.0) ( 0.8) ( 0.7) ( 1.3) ( 0.2) ( 0.8) ( 1.1) ( 0.0) ( 2.4) ( 0.5) (-1.8) (-0.5) (-1.3) (-0.1) ( 4.2) ( 2.3) ( 1.1) (-0.8) (-3.5) (-1.6) (-1.4) ( 0.4) 1989 ( ) ( 4.4) ( 4.7) ( 4.0) 1990 ( ) ( 4.7) ( 4.9) ( 6.5) 1991 ( ) ( 5.8) ( 6.1) ( 5.7) 1992 ( ) ( 4.5) ( 4.0) ( 4.7) 1993 ( ) ( 1.0) ( 2.1) ( 2.1) 1994 ( ) ( 1.4) ( 1.3) ( 2.2) 1995 ( ) (-0.3) ( 0.6) (-0.5) 1996 ( ) (-0.2) ( 0.0) ( 1.0) 1997 ( ) ( 1.4) ( 1.4) ( 0.8) 1998 ( ) ( 0.1) ( 0.5) ( 0.4) 1999 ( ) ( 1.3) ( 0.2) ( 0.3) 2000 ( ) (-0.7) ( 0.9) (-0.5) 2001 ( ) ( 0.6) ( 0.1) ( 0.7) 2002 ( ) ( 0.1) ( 0.3) ( 0.1) 2003 ( ) ( 2.0) (-0.5) (-1.2) 2004 ( ) (-1.6) ( 0.4) ( 0.1) ( ) (-0.1) ( 0.0) ( 0.5) ( 4.3) ( 0.8) ( 1.6) ( 0.9) ( 0.3) ( 0.3) ( 0.1) ( 0.9) (-1.4) ( 1.7) ( 1.0) ( 2.3) ( 1.6) ( 0.2) ( 1.8) (-0.8) (-2.6) (-0.7) (-2.0) ( 0.1) ( 7.3) ( 2.3) ( 1.4) (-0.9) (-3.8) (-0.7) (-1.2) ( 1.2) Note: 1) Figure in ( ) is increase/decrease rate (%) compared to the previous year 2) Data for total of male and female has been collected since ) Data for those who completed master s degree collected since

11 Amount Difference between industries ( = 100) Starting ( 1,000 Yen) Appendix Table 2 difference between industries Starting by industry, sex, school career, and amount Male Female Industry Master s degree holder Graduates of and Graduates of senior high Master s degree holder Graduates of and Graduates of senior high Master s degree holder Graduates of and Graduates of senior high (Technical) Real estate and goods rental and leasing Scientific research, and technical services Accommodations,eating and drinking services Living-related and personal services and amusement Education,Learning support Medical,health care and Welfare Compound services Services,n.e.c. (Clerical) Mining and quarrying of stone and gravel Construction Manufacturing Electricity,Gas,Heat supply and Water Information and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and Retail trade Finance and Insurance (Clerical) (Technical) Mining and quarrying of stone and gravel * * * Construction Manufacturing Electricity,Gas,Heat supply and Water Information and communications Transport and postal activities Wholesale and Retail trade Finance and Insurance Real estate and goods rental and leasing Scientific research, and technical services Accommodations,eating and drinking services Living-related and personal services and amusement Education,Learning support Medical,health care and Welfare Compound services Services,n.e.c Note: (*) requires caution in use because there were only a few new graduate employees

12 Appendix Table 3 Starting by prefecture, sex, school career, and amount difference between prefectures (2-1) prefecture Starting and senior high difference Starting difference Starting difference (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) Hokkaido Aomori Iwate Miyagi Akita Yamagata Fukushima Ibaraki Tochigi Gunma Saitama Chiba Tokyo Kanagawa Niigata Toyama Ishikawa Fukui Yamanashi Nagano Gifu Shizuoka Aichi Mie Shiga Kyoto Osaka Hyogo Nara Wakayama Tottori Shimane Okayama Hiroshima Yamaguchi Tokushima Kagawa Ehime Kochi Fukuoka Saga Nagasaki Kumamoto Oita Miyazaki Kagoshima Okinawa

13 Appendix Table 3 Starting by prefecture, sex, school career, and amount difference between prefectures (2-2) prefecture Starting Male and senior high and difference Starting difference Starting difference Starting difference Starting difference Starting difference (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) (Tokyo=100) Hokkaido Aomori Iwate Miyagi Akita Yamagata Fukushima Ibaraki Tochigi Gunma Saitama Chiba Tokyo Kanagawa Niigata Toyama Ishikawa Fukui Yamanashi Nagano Gifu Shizuoka Aichi Mie Shiga Kyoto Osaka Hyogo Nara * Wakayama Tottori * Shimane Okayama Hiroshima Yamaguchi Tokushima Kagawa Ehime Kochi Fukuoka Saga Nagasaki Kumamoto Oita Miyazaki Kagoshima Okinawa Note: (*) requires caution in use because there were only a few new graduate employees. Female senior high