Achievements and Perspectives of smart grids projects and deployments. M. de Nigris

Transcription

1 Achievements and Perspectives of smart grids projects and deployments M. de Nigris

2 PV POWER IN ITALY 2012 INSTALLED POWER IN ITALY: MW INSTALLED POWER OF PV PLANTS NUMBER OF PV PLANTS LOCATION OF PV PLANTS OVER THE ITALIAN TERRITORY SOURCE GSE

3 THE CONSEQUENCES ON POWER FLOW Load curve as seen from the EHV nodes (380kV) on the day after Easter 2010 vs MW P.V. INSTALLED 3

4 PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS T&D Losses 6.0% SAIDI 138 min EU 12 T&D Losses % SAIDI min T&D Losses 6.0% SAIDI min * T&D Losses 3.6% SAIDI 16 min T&D Losses 4.5% SAIDI 11 min T&D Losses 16.6% SAIDI 1080 min T&D Losses 6.1% SAIDI 380 min * CSG China Southern Grid Corporation data

5 Transmission overload & ageing infrastructure: Blackouts Critical peak situations Cyber-security issues GEOGRAPHY OF DRIVERS Deregulation & System adequacy: Competition Integration of renewables Increasingly constrained network Technology: Demand side response Distributed automation Volt/Var control Energy efficiency Technology: Distributed automation Renewable integration Demand side response Energy efficiency EV management Distribution infrastructure modernisation: Growing consumption Energy theft and losses Generation and transmission modernization Technology: Distributed automation Substation automation AMI Energy efficiency Growing energy demand and losses: Critical peak situations Energy theft Technology: Energy efficiency Rural microgrids Distributed automation AMI Demand side response Growing energy demand: Growing consumption Transmission congestion CO2-emissions Technology: Transmission grid AMI Distributed automation Renewable integration EV management 5

6 THE SOLUTIONS FROM SMART GRIDS SOURCE I.E.A. Smart Grids can be described as an upgraded electricity network characterized by a high level of flexibility and self-adaptability fostered by a two-way digital communication between supplier and consumer, intelligent metering and monitoring systems.

7 TOP DRIVERS FOR INVESTING IN SG TECHNOLOGIES Results from 19 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China, Finland, France, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, The Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United States

8 APPLICATIONS OF SG INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS Distribution Level: Area of Focus By Smart Grid Area of Focus Smart distribution network Smart integration Smart energy management Smart customers Market simulation techniques Network management and control Number of Projects Transmission Level: Area of Focus Some projects addressing more than one smart grid area of interest Power technologies Grid architecture Number of Projects

9 SMART GRIDS PROJECTS IN EUROPE THE BIG PICTURE More than 450 projects 221 ongoing 578 Implementation sites 1750 Organisations 3.15 b total Average budget per project 7.5 M Largest investors: UK, FR

10 SMART GRIDS PROJECTS IN EUROPE THE BIG PICTURE Good degree of application diversity Smart network management and smart consumers/homes are the most targeted New control/automation system consolidated Distributed ICT for DER/flexibility Density of implementatiion sites weighed by budget EU 15 concentrated most of the activity Some interest on East side but small budget allocation

11 EUROPE: LESSONS LEARNED SMART GRIDS LANDSCAPE Projects not evenly distributed (EU15 doing most of the job) Many projects focus on integration of technologies and applications Fundamental role of the DSOs / TSOs Deployment cover most of investments (7% of projects 60% of investments) LARGE SCALE MULTIDISCIPLINARY DEMONSTRATORS Large scale demonstrators, involving high number of sites and communities needed to prove up-scaling and reliability of solutions Incresaed complexity of electricity system requires multidisciplinary consortia to integrate competences and share risks SET UP OF MARKET PLATFORMS FOR THE PROVISION OF SERVICES Revise incentives model to accelerate innovation uptake and encourage to move towards a service-based business model Most of smart grids benefits are systemic in nature service-based market platforms are essential to attract operators

12 EUROPE: LESSONS LEARNED CONSUMERS Need to have trust to harvest benefits from smart grids technologies and applications; Consumer engagement is crutial to development of electricity services platforms; Consumer segmentation is very important to taylor energy services, target early adopters, guarantee different levels of engagement. INTEROPERABILITY, DATA PROTECTION AND DATA SECURITY Open and secure ICT infrastruture is core for smart grids implementations; Convergence towards IP communications and other standard-based solutions; Energy and ICT communities need to work together to coordinate security measures, avoiding blind spots; Data protection and security not yet sufficiently addressed by the projects. Experience from other sectors is needed. Privacy-by-design approach

13 USA: APPLICATIONS OF DOE «SGIG» PROGRAM (SMART GRID INVESTMENT GRANT) DOE SG private induced investments: $4500 million SGIG program: $3425 million

14 USA: IMPLEMENTATION SITES

15 USA: LESSONS LEARNED Reliability Automated feeder switching: Reduction of frequency of outages, number of customers affected by sustained outages and momentary interruptions, total amount of time without power Automatic control VVO: Voltage and VAR control Optimization: Reduction of line losses by 5-10%; Peak demand reduction by 1-2.5%. Advanced Metering Infrastructure Cost reductions and productivity improvements related to reductions in labor and vehicle costs; Less problems between systems and customers for projects with preceding experience in smart meter deployment. Demand Demand reductions from the application of Advanced Metering Infrastructure, pricing programs and customer-based systems.

16 BRAZIL: APPLICATIONS OF SG PROJECTS $60 billion Projects of distribution utilities supported by government and regulator Research and Development Energy Efficiency Government Fund Distribution 0.2% 0.5% 0.3% Transmission 0.4% - 0.6% Generation 0.4% - 0.6% income % to SG by law Smart metering and AMI (concentrators) T&D automation (fault detection, Volt / VAR control, automatic dispatchment) Demand response Electric vehicles Remote management systems for residential customers

17 BRAZIL: LESSONS LEARNED Smart meters Important reductions in total losses through advanced metering systems (meters and concentrators). Focus: Government heavily focused on investing in improving energy efficiency and sustainability. Subsidies and incentives: National subsidies and incentives to assist Brazilian companies and technology institutes to develop innovative technologies for power sector (solar power, smart grids, energy-efficient vehicles, ). Business: Great opportunity to R&D and to do business in Brazil in both energy sector and Smart Grids

18 CHINA: APPLICATIONS OF SGCC PROJECTS STRONG AND SMART GRID PLAN (SGCC-STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA) pilot projects concluded: 4.8 b invested. 70 GW wind; 16 GW PV

19 CHINA: RESULTS OF SGGC PROJECTS Projects concluded: National Wind and Solar Power (first phase) Generation/Energy Storage/Transmission Demonstration Project Shanghai World Expo Demonstration Project Integrated Demonstration Project of Smart Grid in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City Installation of : kv substations (new or refurbished) 243 EV charging stations 51 million in-home smart meters 28 smart communities, which serve households 23 pilot projects of distribution automation in urban centers 25 provinces with energy consumption information collection systems world's largest single solar roof (30000 sqm)

20 CHINA: LESSONS LEARNED Motivations of the good results in network and SG development RES: Acceleration of SG development to efficiently connect renewable powered electricity into the grid. Timing: Advantage of building Smart Grid technology into transmission infrastructure from the outset. Regulation: Facilitation of regulatory systems due to enormous size of state-owned transmission companies. Economy of scale: Economy of scale that helps to reduce costs and spark domestic manufacturing of Smart Grid equipment. Government support: Support of the government to efforts of domestic and foreign Smart Grid manufacturers through subsidies, R&D funding and major lines of credit.

21 CONCLUSIONS Prominence in each country SG vital part in government strategy to achieve common goals of energy security and low carbon economic growth Smart meters first measures used and deployed: present deployment level depends on development stage of the country T&D control needs similarities in T&D control needs between more and less developed countries in integrating interconnections and distribution network for upgraded or new plants and lines Advancement Japan and South Korea most advanced in SG development thanks to good performance of electricity systems, thus devoting efforts to customer side applications Government support need for governments to put strong efforts and investments in development of SG applications, and mainly in demonstration projects, and that local authorities support start of initiatives

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