Quallion Large Battery Pack Technology. May 2009 Hisashi Tsukamoto, PhD. CEO/CTO Quallion LLC

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1 Quallion Large Battery Pack Technology May 2009 Hisashi Tsukamoto, PhD. CEO/CTO Quallion LLC

2 Quallion Milestones Company established in Southern California, USA Entered Aerospace/Defense market with OGA and CECOM Contracts Initiated Development of Primary Chemistries Zero-Volt technology patented SaFE-LYTE technology patented Frost & Sullivan Award for Lithium Ion Power Sources Boeing Technology Supplier Award Developed 7 new cell designs (4 implantable grade); shipped 30,000 production units; plant reached 6,000 unit per month volume Registered under ISO 9001 &13485; Zero- VoltTM technology patented (recertified in December 2004) Title III Award; Registered AS9100 2

3 Origin of Quallion: Implantable Micro Battery Inductive charging Technology Miniature Injectable (implantable) neurostimulator Quallion Battery (2.8mmD, 12mmL, Li-ion) 3

4 High Reliable Li-ion Cells for USG Satellite QL075KA QL075KA Height Width Thickness Weight (mm) 80.9 (mm) 56.2 (mm) 1820 g Operating voltage V Discharge capacity Weight energy density Zero-Volt technology 72 Ah 148 wh/kg Applicable

5 Capacity retention equation *) (Discharge capacity retention) = k x N cycle QL075KA Cell: Cycle Life 40% DOD R.T. *) k: constant to determine capacity fading rate N cycle : charge and discharge cycle index 75% retention 60,000 th cycle, 10 years LEO operation 5

6 Storage Condition For 17 months, 100% SOC (3 cells) 50% SOC (3 cells) 10% SOC (3 cells) 0V (3 cells) (at room temperature) Zero Volt TM Capability Cycle Performance after 0V Storage (17 months) (200mAh model cell) No No difference difference in in cycle cycle performance performance Cycle condition LEO cycle (40% DOD) Capacity check 100% DOD at every 500 cycles (at 20 o C) 6

7 Matrix TM Battery, QL038KM for Little Bird, MH-47,MH-60 and U2 24V Lithium-ion (Lead Acid Replacement) 38 Ah capacity 0.912Kwh (100wh/kg) 9.75 L x8.125 W x5.3 H inch 24 lbs 7

8 24V, 9.5Ah Matrix Battery TM for C-17 Aircraft EBPS Qualification Program to Replace Current Ni-Cd System Low maintenance and long life Fully integrated charge control electronics, battery management electronics & BIT/SOC capability -65ºF to 160ºF (with heaters) Less than 8.5lbs Full charge in 75 minutes over 21V to 32V input range Plug N Play

9 9 QL038KM External Short Test 5 mohm external short with BMU disabled Passed with no flame or explosion

10 10 QL038KM Crush Test Unit fully charged to 29.4V Passed with no explosion of fire

11 Quallion Unique Safety Technology; HAM TM (Heat Absorption Material) Heat flow / mw Temperature / C

12 Demonstration of HAM TM Technology Test Battery- Sanyo 18650W cell, 10 cells in Parallel connection. Capacity Ah Without HAM sleeve Overcharge test condition- Charge battery to 12V, hold till temperature dropping With HAM sleeve

13 Battery Failed without HAM TM Connection After Test Insulation

14 Battery was Safe with HAM TM HAM melted and latent heat stopped thermal run away Connection After Test Insulation

15 140V, 28V Battery for the NASA Launch Abort System (LAS) for ARES I 140V, 15Ah & 28V, 1.5Ah Lithiumion Pack (378) Commercial High Power Cells 140V Battery is capable of over 220A peak discharge current and 50A peak charge current 70% 0 C,140V Battery Mission Profile 15

16 Quallion 24V, 1250A Capable Matrix TM Battery Pack for HMMWV Less than ½ SLAB Weight and Deep Discharge Capable Current Lead-Acid Battery 24V, 65Ah, 120lb (2 batteries in series) Quallion Drop-in Li-ion APU 24V, (78Ah, 98.8Ah, 156Ah), 52lb

17 Engine Start Test (Max Current 1100A) at SOC 70% Scale: 500mV 100ms Current: Discharge Peak current ~ 1100A in first 20ms Two peaks 500A during the first 200ms similar profile as the lead acid battery

18 450A-30 Seconds Pulse Discharge Test at SOC 40% 450A Test 25 ABCVoltage ABCCurrent Voltage Current Seconds

19 Quallion Matrix TM Module 48V, 9.5Ah, 0.456Kwh*, 78x115x260mm * Standard Module (Whr and W capability varies in energy module and power module)

20 Voltage Sensing, Current Measuring and Temperature Monitoring

21 One Mechanical Configuration can bring Multiple Performance Varietals Model Name Capacity (mah) Cell Weight (g) 1KHz AC Impedance (mili ohm) Wh/kg W/kg Wh KW MBD pack Max. discharge Kg current (A) Remark F Highest Energy F High Energy Y Energy/Power Balance Model W High power SA Highest Power

22 Modular Design for Flexible Performance, Flexible Shape and Inexpensive Cost

23 96V -1.83Kwh Matrix TM System Central Control Unit (500V capable) 2S X 2P Matrix TM

24 1C Discharge Curves

25 5C Discharge Curves Very small temperature deviation in the packs

26 BMU in the Matrix TM Module

27 Matrix TM Battery System with Matrix TM Module Balancing Circuit

28 Quallion Unique High Power and Low Temperature Capability: HP At -40 C, 30C rate discharge capable Electrical Characteristics Nominal Capacity = 900 mah Operating Range = -40 C to +71 C Chemistry = NCA/MCMB Physical Characteristics Diameter = 18.1 mm Height = 65.4 mm Volume = 66.7 cc Weight = 39 g Heritage Materials Active materials are the same as Quallion SATELLITE cells USG T3 program enables Quallion to produce Cathode NCA and Anode MCMB in-house by

29 30C Discharge Data Comparison 120 Capacity Retention (%) Quallion HP SOA (Olivine System) SOA (NMC System) Quallion Discharge at 30CA down to 0.5V Temperature (degc)

30 Storage of Quallion HP Cell at +71 C/2 Weeks 110% 100% 90% Discharge Capacity (Ah) 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% Quallion BTE-HP Quallion BTE-HP 20% 10% Capacity Recovery After Storage 0% Initial Capcity Capacity Remaining Post-Storage Capacity

31 Discharge Temperature data of Quallion HP Cell at 30C Rate

32 Matrix TM Technology: Modular Design for Flexible Performance, Flexible Shape and Inexpensive Cost Cost Competitive Battery Solution COTS cell (non-domestic, most inexpensive)

33 Quallion: US Domestic Battery Company with Unique Material, Cell and Battery Capability