Tools and Techniques for Ensuring Automotive EMC Performance and Reliability

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Pamela Hill
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1 Tools and Techniques for Ensuring Automotive EMC Performance and Reliability Todd Hubing Michelin Professor of Vehicular Electronics Clemson University

Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems Navigation System Fuel Injection Engine Ignition Communication System Airbag Deployment Cabin Environment Controls Entertainment Systems Noise

2 Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems Navigation System Fuel Injection Engine Ignition Communication System Airbag Deployment Cabin Environment Controls Entertainment Systems Noise Cancellation Emissions Controls Lighting Collision Avoidance System Tire Pressure Monitoring Transmission Control Seat and Pedal Position Stability Control Suspension System Security System Braking Control 2

3 Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems Current automotive electronics design Navigation System Fuel Injection Engine Ignition Lighting Collision Avoidance System Communication System Airbag Deployment Cabin Environment Controls and integration strategies are not Tire Pressure Monitoring sustainable. Transmission standpoint. Control Seat and Pedal Position Stability Control Entertainment Systems Noise Cancellation Suspension System Emissions Controls Security System Cars in the next decade will be very Braking Control different from an electronics integration 3

4 Product Development V-Model Concept Design System Validation Design Requirements System Integration Detailed Design and Modeling Component Verification Prototype 4

5 AUTOSAR APPLICATION SOFTWARE Adaptive Cruise Control Electronic Stability Control Lighting Systems AUTOSAR HARDWARE A step in the right direction! 5

6 Cars in the future Cars in the future will have ONE reliable, low-cost, lightweight network that serves as the interface between every electronic sub-system in the vehicle. Less than 2 kilograms of wire harness Data from every sensor available to every system Secure, reliable high-speed communication Simple, open diagnostics Redundant, distributed processing Both wired and wireless communication 6 6

7 Cars in the future Cars in the future will distribute ONLY low-voltage digital signals and/or DC power to every electronic component. No PWM signals for power or control No analog signals At most 3 wires will be routed to any component Many components will require 1 or 0 wires Connectors will be small, reliable and low cost 7 7

8 Cars in the future Cars in the future will not generate strong electric or magnetic fields and will not be susceptible to these fields even though they generate and store significant amounts of electric energy. Balanced design and integrated control will eliminate the need to have wiring harnesses carrying strong, time-varying currents. Intelligent, computer aided layout will ensure that electronic systems do not generate and are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. 8 8

9 Cars in the future Cars with intelligently designed electronic systems will be: Lighter More powerful More efficient Far more reliable. 9 9

10 Automotive Companies of the future The companies leading the development of truly integrated electronic systems will be the market leaders in the next decade. Market leaders in the electronics industry are the innovators, not the adopters. Simply adopting the latest, greatest electronic subsystems and tacking them on to existing automotive platforms is a strategy that will not succeed

11 Automotive EMC Today

12 Automotive EMC Standards Organizations International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) CISPR, TC77 International Organization for Standards (IOS) TC22, SC3, WG3 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Surface Vehicle EMC Standards Committee 12

13 Automotive EMC Standards Emissions Tests: CISPR 12 CISPR 25 SAE J551-5 IEC Vehicle Level Emissions Component Level Emissions 9 khz 30 MHz, Broadband Integrated Circuit Emissions 13

14 Automotive EMC Standards CISPR 25 ALSE (Absorber Lined Shielded Environment) 14

15 Automotive EMC Standards Vehicle Immunity Tests: ISO , SAE J Radiated Field Immunity ISO On-Board Transmitter Susceptibility ISO Bulk Current Injection ISO 10606, SAE J551-15, IEC Electrostatic Discharge 15

16 Automotive EMC Standards Vehicle Immunity Tests: SAE J Reverberation Chamber Immunity SAE J Power Line Disturbances ISO Magnetic Field Immunity ISO 10606, SAE J551-15, IEC Electrostatic Discharge 16

17 Automotive EMC Standards Component Immunity Tests: ISO RF Immunity - ALSE ISO RF Immunity TEM Cell ISO RF Immunity - BCI ISO RF Immunity - Stripline 17

18 Automotive EMC Standards Component Immunity Tests: ISO ISO (Draft) ISO ,3 ISO Direct Injection Reverberation Chamber Transient Immunity Electrostatic Discharge 18

19 New Automotive EMC Requirements 19

20 New Automotive EMC Requirements Component-Level EMC Testing System-Level EMC Performance 20

21 New Design Tools for Automotive EMC

Voltage (volt) Frequency (MHz) Time/Frequency

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Time (usec) 0.2 0.

22 Voltage (volt) Frequency (MHz) Time/Frequency Domain Analyzers Source Identification Source Characterization Narrow-Band Transient Capture Time (usec) Time (usec) 22

23 Component Testing for System Modeling Hybrid TEM-cell test to characterize electric and magnetic field coupling. Port characterization for conducted emissions modeling. Harness-free radiated emissions testing. Connected to Network Analyzer Port 1 Connected to Network Analyzer Port 2 A TEM Cell 0º Hybrid 0º 180º 0º C = A + B B Connected to Network Analyzer Port 2 D = A - B 23

24 Numerical Electromagnetic Modeling Tools 24

25 Expert System Tools Reviews existing automobile specifications in a database. Looks for possible EMC problems Evaluates potential problems (likely worst case) 25

26 EMC Design Rule Checkers Scan an automotive design looking for design rule violations. Easier to understand what the software is doing Easier to use Few design rules apply in all cases Can t design a compliant automobiles with design rules 26

Final Thoughts Automobiles are complex electromagnetic environments Automotive EMC is a growing challenge / opportunity Today s cars are 4-wheel

27 Final Thoughts Automobiles are complex electromagnetic environments Automotive EMC is a growing challenge / opportunity Today s cars are 4-wheel vehicles with dozens of computer systems Tomorrow s cars will be computer systems with 4 wheels This is a great time to be an automotive electronics engineer! 27

Electronic Systems Research at CU-ICAR

Electronic Systems Research at CU-ICAR Todd H. Hubing Michelin Professor of Vehicular Electronics Clemson University Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems Navigation System Fuel Injection Engine Ignition