Pretest Module 21 Units 1-3 AC Generators & Three-Phase Motors
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1 Pretest Module 21 Units 1-3 AC Generators & Three-Phase Motors 1. What are the two main parts of a three-phase 2. Which part of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor is a hollow core? 3. What are two purposes of the stator core? 4. How many degrees apart are the stator windings in a three-phase squirrel-cage induction 5. Where does the term squirrel-cage come from? 6. Why are the bars in a squirrel-cage not run parallel to the slots cut in the stator core? 7. What materials are typically used for the bars in a squirrel-cage? 8. What is the purpose of the fan blades molded into a rotor for a three-phase squirrel-cage induction 9. What is the main purpose of the end bells in a three-phase squirrel-cage induction 10. What determines the type of enclosure a motor will have? 11. Who determines the standards for enclosure classification? 12. What are some of the more common classifications of motor enclosures? 13. What are the enclosure classifications for severe environmental conditions? 14. What information can be obtained from the frame designation? 15. What is the horsepower rating of a motor used for? 16. What is the service factor of a 17. What does short-time mean in the time rating of a
2 18. Is the ambient temperature of a motor always the temperature of the surrounding air? 19. How are insulation systems classified? 20. What value is rpm inversely proportional to? 21. Frequency should not be varied more than what percentage of the rated frequency of a 22. Can a 240 V motor be operated at full load, at rated frequency, on a 208 V system? 23. What value of a motor is used to determine overload size and conductor size? 24. Is the locked-rotor amperage rating typically shown on the nameplate of a 25. What is the design letter shown on a motor nameplate? 26. What is considered evidence of approval for electrical equipment installed in according to the CEC? 27. How are secondary currents induced in the rotor of a three-phase induction 28. How many poles does a three-phase, two-pole stator have? 29. What is the value of the current in the B and C phases of a stator when phase A is at maximum? 30. Skip to page What is the speed of a four-pole motor on a 60-cycle supply? 32. What is the speed of a six pole motor on a 50-cycle supply? 33. What is the relationship between speed of a motor and frequency of the supply? 34. What is the synchronous speed of a
3 35. Describe the rotor windings in a squirrel-cage motor. 36. What happens when the stator field rotates past a stopped rotor at synchronous speed? 37. What is the direction of rotation for a rotor in a three-phase squirrel-cage 38. What is the result of a rotor traveling at the synchronous speed of the stator? 39. What is slip in relation to motors? 40. Is slip consistent regardless of speed? 41. What is the rotor speed of a squirrel-cage motor with 4 poles and a 4% slip operated on a 60 Hz source? 42. What is the percent speed regulation for a motor with a no-load speed of 1750 RPM and a full-load speed of 1690 RPM? 43. How is a three-phase motor reversed? 44. When is rotor current and stator current at their maximum value? 45. When is rotor and stator current at their minimum value? 46. What percent slip for a motor will produce the most torque? 47. Rated horsepower of a motor is typically at what % slip? 48. What is breakdown torque and when does it occur? 49. What is starting torque? 50. What is the slip speed and % slip for a 4-pole motor with a rotor speed of 1690 rpm at 60 hz? 51. What is the slip speed and % slip for a 2-pole motor with a rotor speed of 3350 rpm at 60 hz?
4 52. Why does torque stop increasing as slip is increased beyond 25% in a three-phase 53. How are motors rated to indicate the torque and speed characteristics? 54. What is the designation of a motor with the most torque? 55. What is the efficiency of a 2 HP, 3 PH, 208 V motor that draws 7 amps at a power factor of 80%? 56. What is a linear-induction 57. What is the main difference between a standard three-phase induction motor and a linear-induction 58. Why does the aluminum core in a linear-induction motor have an iron backing? 59. How is the synchronous speed of a linear-induction motor measured? (units) 60. How is numbering of terminal leads for windings done on phasor diagrams of three-phase motors? 61. What are the three winding terminals that are connected together in the diagram in figure 2 on page 35? 62. Which three terminals would connect to the lines in figure 2 on page 35? 63. What happens to terminal designations when connections are made internally in wiring diagrams for three-phase motors? 64. How is a three-phase motor connected internally when terminals are T 1, T 2, and T 3? 65. How many leads are required on a motor to allow either wye or delta connections?
5 66. If a delta run motor is connected wye for start, what percentage of the delta start current is then utilized? 67. Can a nine-lead, dual-voltage, three-phase motor be connected either wye or delta? 68. How many leads are required for a dual-voltage, three-phase motor that can be connected either wye or delta? 69. What are the two pieces of equipment required to determine the rotation of a three-phase motor without actually starting it? 70. Why are squirrel-cage induction motors so popular? 71. What are two methods for checking bearing condition in a 72. How is insulation tested on low-voltage motors? 73. What is considered an acceptable resistance to ground for a low-voltage motor winding? 74. What is one possible cause of a motor overheating? 75. What is one possible result of a belt being too tight? Unit 2 1. What is the difference between the stator of a three-phase, squirrel-cage, induction motor and a three-phase, wound-rotor 2. How many poles will a rotor have in a three-phase, wound-rotor 3. What term is used to describe the rotor circuit in a wound-rotor 4. How are the connections made between the rotor circuit and the external resistance grid in a three-phase, wound-rotor,
6 5. What is the relationship between the slip rings and the rotor shaft in a three-phase, wound-rotor, 6. How are the brushes connected to the external circuit in a three-phase, woundrotor, 7. What information is included on the nameplate for a three-phase, wound-rotor, motor that would not be included on a nameplate for a three-phase, squirrel-cage, induction 8. How can the speed at which breakdown torque occurs be changed in 9. What are two results of adding resistance in the secondary circuit of a three-phase, wound-rotor, 10. What is the result of leaving the starting resistance in the circuit of a three-phase, wound-rotor, 11. What is done with the leads of the secondary circuit in a three-phase, woundrotor, motor after the resistance is removed? 12. Is a three-phase, wound-rotor, motor as efficient as a three-phase, squirrel-cage, induction 13. How is the speed of a three-phase, wound-rotor, motor controlled? Up to what point? 14. Basically, how does a regenerative electronic speed controller operate? 15. What is the difference between resistors for starting and resistors for speed control? 16. A three-phase, wound-rotor motor is reversed by reversing any two leads to the rotor. True or False?
7 17. How many resistors are required in each phase for four-step resistance starting of a three-phase, wound-rotor, 18. How is acceleration made smoother in a three-phase, wound-rotor, 19. What is the relationship between current in the rotor and motor speed in a threephase, squirrel-cage, induction 20. Why is a three-phase, wound-rotor, motor better suited to prolonged high-inertia starts than a three-phase, squirrel-cage, induction 21. What is the typical % slip for a three-phase, wound-rotor, 22. What are the main disadvantages of a three-phase, wound-rotor, 23. What are the typical applications for a three-phase, wound-rotor, 24. What type of three-phase motor is best suited to starting a conveyor loaded with heavy material? 25. What is the main difference in maintenance for a three-phase, wound-rotor, motor compared to maintenance for a three-phase, squirrel-cage, induction 26. At what point should brushes be replaced on a three-phase, wound-rotor, 27. Which is worse for brushes, too much tension or too little? 28. How can you check to see if an open is in the rotor or the external circuit? Unit 3 1. What speeds are synchronous motors best suited for? 2. What is an extra benefit of using a three-phase, synchronous motor on systems with other types of motors?
8 3. What are salient poles? 4. What is the purpose of the amortisseur winding in a three-phase, synchronous 5. What is the source for the rotor current in a three-phase, synchronous 6. What are the three most common methods for supplying DC power to the rotor in a three-phase, synchronous 7. Typically, what is an external converter for the rotor circuit in a three-phase, synchronous 8. What is a built-in exciter for a three-phase, synchronous 9. How is the field excitation controlled when a built-in exciter is used to supply the rotor circuit in a three-phase, synchronous 10. Why are brushes not required on a brushless exciter for a three-phase synchronous 11. What is the main purpose of the end bells and bearings in a 12. What is the result of applying power to both the stator and rotor in a three-phase synchronous 13. How is a three-phase, synchronous motor brought up to speed? 14. At what percent of full-load speed is the DC power applied to the rotor of a threephase synchronous 15. What happens if the DC current is applied to the rotor when the poles of the rotor and stator are not in alignment? 16. What is a pony motor?
9 17. How are field windings protected from induced voltage during acceleration in a three-phase synchronous 18. How is a three-phase synchronous motor reversed? 19. What is pull-in-torque for a synchronous 20. If the rotor of a synchronous motor is nearly up to the speed of the rotating field in the stator, what will allow it to synchronize? 21. What is the torque angle of a synchronous 22. What is pull-out-torque and what happens if it is exceeded in a synchronous 23. As load is added to a synchronous motor, what value must increase to input the extra power to the 24. What happens to the power factor of a synchronous motor when load is added? 25. What is an under-excited synchronous Over-excited? 26. Why are synchronous motors deliberately run over-excited? 27. What is the difference between a synchronous motor and a synchronous capacitor? 28. What is the relationship between VA and Watts after power factor correction? 29. How are the rotor field leads identified on a three-phase synchronous 30. What connections are available for a 12 lead synchronous 31. What are the problems that may cause a synchronous motor to pull out of synchronism or fail to synchronize? 32. What is the result of setting the field current too high or too low on a synchronous
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