Power Technology Issue 104

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Power Technology Issue 104"

Transcription

1 SIEMENS Siemens Energy, Inc. Power Technology Issue 104 PSS E Test System for Voltage Collapse Analysis Leonardo T. G. Lima Principal Consultant leonardo.lima@siemens.com James W. Feltes Senior Manager Consulting james.feltes@siemens.com Introduction Voltage collapse is one of the major limitations in modern transmission systems. Quite often it is the most limiting factor preventing further increases in power transfers over existing transmission lines and interfaces. PSS E contains several activities that help the analysis of voltage collapse issues and the investigation of potential mitigation solutions after a voltage collapse condition is identified. The objectives of this paper are: provide a small system susceptible to voltage problems; describe the different voltage collapse conditions observed in this test system; and present the PSS E tools for investigating voltage collapse problems. This paper presents a relatively small system for the analysis of voltage collapse issues. It is based on the 1979 IEEE Reliability Test System [1], which was extended to represent multi-area systems in the 1996 version of the IEEE Reliability Test System [2]. However, the test system and associated data presented in this paper is related to the so-called one area RTS-96 system [2], which is equivalent to the 1979 Reliability Test System [1]. Changes to the IEEE Reliability Test System Several modifications were introduced in the power flow data of the original 1979 IEEE Reliability Test System to make it more suitable for voltage stability/voltage collapse analysis. These changes were introduced to highlight different aspects of the problems related to voltage control and reactive power compensation. The following changes were introduced by Siemens PTI: 1. The synchronous condenser at bus 114 was replaced by a static VAR compensator (SVC) with the same nominal range ( 50/+200 MVAr). In practice, the reactive power output of this device becomes voltage dependent and its maximum reactive power output is severely reduced under low voltage conditions. 2. The shunt at bus 106 was replaced by an SVC with a range of (-50/+100 MVAr). This change introduces one additional voltage control equipment that is quite important. This SVC is a key component in the proposed system data and is usually required to avoid voltage collapse during dynamic simulations. 3. The step-up transformers of generators and SVCs are explicitly represented in the case, assuming 5 tap positions and no OLTC. The generators are connected to the low voltage bus, assumed to be

2 18 kv for all units. All generators remotely control the voltage at the high voltage side on their GSU in the power flow, while the SVCs control local (terminal) voltage. 4. All other transformers in the case are represented as +/- 10% OLTC transformers with 33 steps (0.625% per step). Tap changers are located on the high voltage side of the transformer. The OLTC controls the voltage at the low voltage side bus. 5. The loads are no longer directly connected to the 138 kv or 230 kv buses. Step-down transformers to 13.8 kv with an OLTC controlling their low voltage side are introduced with an estimated 15% reactance on an MVA base calculated by rounding up to the nearest multiple of 50 MVA 110% of the load apparent power. 6. The branch between buses 107 and 108 was converted to a double circuit to avoid islanding a group of buses under N-1 contingencies. 7. Line reactors were added to compensate the charging of the long underground cable between buses 106 and 110. Table 1 contains the dimensions of the resulting power flow case in PSS E. Figure 1 presents the single line diagram of the system. Table 2 shows the total generation and load in the case. PTI INTERACTIVE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR--PSS/E SUN, JUL :15 BUSES PLANTS MACHINES MACHINE OWNERS TOTAL MAXIMUM SWITCHED SHUNTS LOADS TRANSFERS MUTUALS FACTS DEVICES TOTAL MAXIMUM T R A N S F O R M E R S BRANCHES TWO-WINDING THREE-WINDING ZERO IMPEDANCE BRANCH OWNERS TOTAL MAXIMUM MULTI-SECTION LINE GROUPINGS SECTIONS 2-TERM. DC N-TERM. DC VSC DC TOTAL MAXIMUM Table 1 Resulting Dimensions of the Power Flow Case PTI INTERACTIVE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR--PSS/E SUN, JUL :05 AREA TOTALS IN MW/MVAR FROM TO TO BUS TO LINE FROM TO DESIRED X-- AREA --X GENERATION LOAD SHUNT SHUNT CHARGING NET INT LOSSES NET INT AREA TOTALS Table 2 Total Generation and Load in the System Page 2

3 Figure 1 One Line Diagram of the Resulting System Page 3

4 Power Flow Solution The power flow solution was adjusted using the PSS E Optimal Power Flow (OPF) to bring all voltages within normal range (1.05 to 0.95 pu). This OPF solution modified tap positions and generator scheduled voltages as compared to the original data of the IEEE Reliability Test System. There are three N-1 contingencies in the HV transmission system (230 kv and 138 kv networks) that result in non-convergent power flow solutions, as shown in Table 3. The outage of the line between buses 107 and 108 results in the islanding of 5 buses. To avoid this difficulty, the branch between buses 107 and 108 was converted to a double circuit. PROCESSING CONTINGENCY 'SINGLE 10' (#10 OF 33): OPEN LINE FROM BUS 115 [ARTHUR 230] TO BUS 124 [AVERY 230] CKT 1 *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: BLOWN UP *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS MW OR MVAR AT BUS 122 [AUBREY 230] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA REPEATING SOLUTION WITH NON-DIVERGENT ACTIVE *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: TERMINATED BY NON-DIVERGENT OPTION *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS MW OR MVAR AT BUS [ARNOLD SVC ] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA PROCESSING CONTINGENCY 'SINGLE 30' (#30 OF 33): OPEN LINE FROM BUS 106 [ALBER ] TO BUS 110 [ALLEN ] CKT 1 *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: BLOWN UP *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS MW OR MVAR AT BUS 122 [AUBREY 230] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA REPEATING SOLUTION WITH NON-DIVERGENT ACTIVE *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: TERMINATED BY NON-DIVERGENT OPTION *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS MW OR MVAR AT BUS [ARNOLD SVC ] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA PROCESSING CONTINGENCY 'SINGLE 31' (#31 OF 33): OPEN LINE FROM BUS 107 [ALDER ] TO BUS 108 [ALGER ] CKT 1 BUS(ES) NOT CONNECTED BACK TO A SWING BUS: 5 BUS(ES) IN LARGEST ISLAND: 5 *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: BLOWN UP *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS MW OR MVAR AT BUS 113 [ARNE 230] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA REPEATING SOLUTION WITH NON-DIVERGENT ACTIVE *** SOLUTION NOT CONVERGED: TERMINATED BY NON-DIVERGENT OPTION *** LARGEST MISMATCH IS 9.10 MW OR MVAR AT BUS [ARNOLD SVC ] TOTAL MISMATCH IS MVA Table 3 Non-Convergent Power Flow Solution of Contingencies The outage of the underground cable between buses 106 and 110 is probably the worst contingency. This cable has a large charging (about 250 MVAr) and no line reactors are connected to it in the original data. Line reactors were added at each terminal of the cable (75 MVAr in each end). This change results in a more realistic system, taking into consideration the usual requirement for such line reactors due to overvoltages during energization and load rejection conditions. It should be noted that these reactors are automatically disconnected in PSS E when the cable is switched off. PV and QV Analyses Figure 2 presents the QV plots calculated for bus 110 for the base case and some of the critical contingencies. The reactive power margin in the base case is 116 MVAr, dropping to just 10 MVAr for contingency #4 (230 kv circuit between buses 112 and 123). Voltage collapse conditions are identified for contingency #10 (230 kv circuit between buses 115 and 124) and contingency #30 (138 kv circuit between buses 106 and 110). Page 4

5 It should be noted that the reactive power deficiency for contingency #10 is greater than 150 MVAr and the minimum of the associated QV curve is associated with bus voltage greater than 1.0 pu. The QV curve associated with contingency #30 is incomplete, since the power flow solution did not converge for voltages below 0.97 pu. These QV results were obtained using a full Newton power flow solution and the non-divergent power flow solution in PSS E. The transformer taps are locked during the contingency calculation, but the switched shunts with continuous control (SVCs) are allowed to respond. The PV analysis considered generation to load transfers from the 230 kv to the 138 kv networks. In other words, the generation connected to buses 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 122 and 123 is increased, with the additional power being transferred to the loads connected to buses 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1109 and It should be noted that the additional generation available on the 230 kv system (Pmax Pgen) is about 100 MW. Transfers greater than 100 MW imply a disregard for the data associated with maximum power output of the generation units. Furthermore, since the ratings for the generator step-up transformers match the generator MVA capability, the overload of the generators also imply an overload of the step-up transformers. Figure 3 presents some of the calculated PV plots. These plots correspond to the voltages at the 138 kv buses 106 and 110, as well as the voltages at the 13.8 kv load buses 1106 and The maximum transfer calculated for the base case is slightly under 100 MW. No incremental transfer is possible for contingency #30 (see the QV results), as well as for contingency #6 (outage of the 138 kv circuit between buses 114 and 116) and contingency #10 (outage of the 230 kv circuit between buses 115 and 124). Contingency #4 resulted in a maximum incremental transfer of just 10 MW. Page 5

6 300 All Selected Contingencies for Base Case Contingency 4 Contingency 10 Contingency 30 Figure 2 QV Plot for Bus 110 Page 6

7 Bus: 106 [ALBER ] Bus: 110 [ALLEN ] Bus: 1106 [ALBER ] Bus: 1110 [ALLEN ] Page 7 Contingency BASE CASE SINGLE 2 SINGLE 4 Figure 3 PV Plots for Transfers from the 230 kv to the 138 kv Networks Dynamic Simulation Data The dynamic data originally proposed for the Reliability Test System consists of classical generator models for all generators, which is inadequate for voltage stability/voltage collapse analysis. Therefore, typical models are proposed for all the elements as described in the following sections. Generators The units identified as hydro turbines in the original Reliability Test System are represented by the GENSAL salient pole machine model. All other units are thermal units and are represented by the GENROU round-rotor machine model. The inertias were set to the values originally proposed, even though they are probably on the lower end of the typical range for similar units. This lower inertia might imply that the system will be more susceptible

8 to angular instability (loss of synchronism) and poorly damped oscillations than would be expected if more realistic inertias are considered. Additional simulations will be required to quantify this effect and determine how important it is to the overall simulation results. All other parameters are representative of generation units of comparable MVA ratings. Excitation Systems Three different excitation system models were used. The IEEET1 and EXAC1 models correspond to AC rotating exciters, while the SCRX model represents a bus-fed static exciter. The parameters for these excitation systems provide a reasonable, representative response for these equipment. The limits are set in such way as to limit the ceiling (maximum field voltage) to be around twice the rated (full load) field voltage. The resulting response ratios are above 1.0, with the exception of the generator at bus The relatively high ceiling in these excitation systems results in a responsive voltage control, consistent with modern excitation systems. Maximum Excitation Limiters The over-excitation limiter (OEL) model MAXEX2 was applied for all generators. This model corresponds to an OEL that acts at the voltage reference of the excitation system with an inverse time characteristic. The rated value for the field current was calculated in PSS E considering the generators at full power output with 0.9 power factor. Changes to the generator model parameters, particularly the saturation characteristics and synchronous reactances, would affect the rated field current and would require adjustments to the corresponding OEL model. Turbine/Speed Governors Only a few generators have a turbine/speed governor model. Those machines without such a model are simulated with constant mechanical power. There is a limited amount of reserves in the case, so the simulation of large imbalances between generation and load should be avoided, since there is a significant risk of large frequency excursions and even the inability of the simulation model to control frequency. The hydro turbines are represented by the model HYGOV, while the IEEEG1 model is used for the steam units. It should be noted that the parameters for the steam turbines consider a tandem-compound unit with a reheater [3]. Static VAR Compensators The power flow case contains two static VAR compensators (SVC) represented as switched shunts with continuous control. The first one is connected to bus and is rated 50/+200 MVAr. The other one is rated 50/+100 MVAr and is connected to bus The PSS E model CSSCST is used to represent the dynamic response of these devices. The steady state gain K is set at 150 pu/pu, but is provided in the PSS E model in Mvar/pu, resulting in the gains 37,500 (250 x 150) and 22,500 (150 x 150) for these dynamic models. The thyristor bridge is represented by a first order lag, with a time constant T5 = 30 ms. The time constant T3 was calculated for each SVC so a reasonable closed-loop response (adequate phase margin) is obtained. The methodology for the calculation of T3 is described in [4, 5]. The limits Vmax and Vmin are entered as zero in the CSSCST dynamic model, so the voltage setpoint provided in the power flow data is used. The voltage override capability provides a discontinuous control for large voltage deviations, forcing the SVC output to its limits when the voltage error is larger than Vov = 0.5 pu. Tap Changers The representation of the effect of OLTC transformers is particularly important for the analysis of slow voltage collapse phenomena. This model is usually associated with longer term dynamic simulations, up to several minutes after fault clearing. Page 8

9 All transformers represented with on-load tap changers in the power flow have the PSS E dynamic model OLTC1 in the dynamic setup. This model does not contain any differential equations (state variables); it considers an initial delay for the first tap change of 30 seconds, with a 1 second delay in the switching action and 5 seconds delay before consecutive tap changes are allowed. It should be recognized that this is quite fast and probably faster than most practical settings, with the effect of the OLTC becoming evident with simulations lasting just one to two minutes after fault clearing. Load Recovery Similarly to the OLTC transformers (and associated with it), the recovery of the load demand to the predisturbance levels is important for the analysis of slow voltage collapse phenomena. The representation of such phenomena is also associated with longer term dynamic simulations, up to several minutes after fault clearing. Load recovery to a constant MVA characteristic is represented in PSS E by the family of models EXTLxx. This model provides separate time constants for the recovery of the real and reactive parts of the load. The EXTLAL model was used to apply this characteristic to all loads in the system. The gains Kp and Kq are set to 5%, resulting in a recovery to constant MVA in a few minutes after the fault clearing. Again, this is probably faster than what is observed in practice. The use of such values simply makes the effect more evident and more pronounced in the overall system response, which is desirable in a test system. Complex Load Model A different kind of voltage collapse is associated with the stalling of induction motors due to low voltages during the fault, resulting in inadequate voltage recovery after fault clearing or even voltage collapse. This is sometimes called short-term voltage collapse to differentiate it from the slower (long-term) phenomena associated with OLTC action and load recovery to constant MVA characteristics [6, 7]. This fast voltage collapse problem can be investigated in PSS E with the use of the complex load model. The CLODAL version of the model applies the same load characteristics to all loads in the system. The following load composition is proposed: 15% of large induction motors (industrial motors); 35% of small induction motors (air conditioning); 2% of transformer excitation current; 15% of discharge lighting; 5% of constant MVA load; remaining load (28%) represented as 100% constant current for the real part and 100% constant admittance for the reactive part; and 5% reactance (on load MW base) in the step-down transformer. Dynamic Simulation Results In order to demonstrate the key features of the proposed test system regarding voltage collapse/voltage stability issues, the following section presents the results of some of the simulations performed. PSS E activities ESTR/ERUN and GSTR/GRUN were applied to make sure that the excitation systems and speed governors models resulted in properly tuned responses, compatible with the expected performance of these equipment. The key test regarding the control tuning of excitation systems is the open circuit step test. Figure 4 presents the response of the EXAC1 model to a 2% step change in voltage reference. It can be seen that the voltage regulator provides a fast response with minimal overshoot. Similarly, Figure 5 and Figure 6 present the responses obtained with the IEEET1 and SCRX models, respectively. The test for the speed governor response consists of the generator feeding a constant MW load in isolated mode. A sudden change in the load demand is applied and the speed governor reacts to modify Page 9

10 the mechanical power output. Typically, the simulation is initialized with the generator power output at around 60% of the generator MVA rating and the load demand is increased to 70% (10% step). Figure 7 shows the response of one of the generators with the IEEEG1 governor model. It can be seen that frequency (speed) reaches a new steady state in about 15 seconds, without restoring frequency to its nominal value. The steady state frequency deviation in this simulation is proportional to the steady state droop in the model and the magnitude of the step change in load. Figure 8 depicts the response of the hydro units (HYGOV model), which is characteristically slower and depends on the settings for the transient droop. FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\ESTR_OPEN CIRCUIT.OUT CHNL# 2: [ETRM BUS MACHINE 1 ] CHNL# 1: [EFD BUS MACHINE 1 ] TUE, JUL :11 EXAC1 Figure 4 Open Circuit Step Response (2% Step in Voltage Reference) for EXAC1 Exciter Model Page 10

11 FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\ESTR_OPEN CIRCUIT.OUT CHNL# 16: [ETRM BUS MACHINE 1 ] CHNL# 15: [EFD BUS MACHINE 1 ] TUE, JUL :12 IEEET1 Figure 5 Open Circuit Step Response (2% Step in Voltage Reference) for IEEET1 Exciter Model FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\ESTR_OPEN CIRCUIT.OUT CHNL# 6: [ETRM BUS MACHINE 1 ] CHNL# 5: [EFD BUS MACHINE 1 ] TUE, JUL :12 SCRX Page 11 Figure 6 Open Circuit Step Response (2% Step in Voltage Reference) for SCRX Exciter Model

12 FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\GSTR.OUT CHNL# 6: [PMEC BUS MACHINE 1 ] CHNL# 5: [SPD BUS MACHINE 1 ] TUE, JUL :17 IEEEG1 Figure 7 Speed Governor Response Test for IEEEG1 Model FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\GSTR.OUT CHNL# 8: [PMEC BUS MACHINE 1 ] CHNL# 7: [SPD BUS MACHINE 1 ] TUE, JUL :17 HYGOV Figure 8 Speed Governor Response Test for HYGOV Model Page 12

13 Test Case A 250 MVAr Reactor Connected to Bus 101 This simulation is performed with the initial dynamic data setup for the proposed PSS E voltage stability test system. This dynamic setup contains the following models: synchronous generators (GENROU or GENSAL models); excitation systems (IEEET1, EXAC1 or SCRX models); turbine/speed governors (HYGOV or IEEEG1 models); over-excitation limiters (MAXEX2 model); and transformer OLTC (OLTC1 model). It is important to note that, at this point, the loads are represented as 100% constant current for the real part and 100% constant admittance for the reactive part. The load reset characteristic (EXTLAR model) and the complex load model (CLODAL) are not applied in this simulation. Furthermore, the SVCs are not yet included in the dynamic simulation. The reactive shunt compensation at buses and are held at their pre-disturbance values given by the power flow solution. This test case highlights the response of the over-excitation limiter (OEL) at machines 3 and 4 connected to bus 101, as well as the OLTC response. Figure 9 presents the response of the generator at bus 30101, showing real and reactive power output (in pu on 100 MVA), terminal voltage, generator field voltage and the output of the MEL. It can be seen that the OEL becomes active near t = 50 seconds and reduces the generator field voltage, resulting in a reduction in reactive power output and terminal voltage. Poorly damped electromechanical oscillations can be observed in the power output of the unit. Properly tuned stabilizers would be required to improve damping, since some contingencies might lead to instability. This was not investigated at this time. Figure 10 shows the response of the load connected to bus 1101, where the effect of the OLTC model is clearly seen. The load is represented as 100% constant current for the real part and 100% constant admittance for the reactive part and the load demand recovers to almost its initial value as the tap changes bring voltage closer to its initial value. Page 13

14 EFD VOEL QGEN VOLTAGE PGEN CHNL# 50: [POWR BUS MACH 1 ] CHNL# 82: [VARS BUS MACH 1 ] CHNL# 146: [EFD BUS MACH 1 ] CHNL# 114: [ETRM BUS MACH 1 ] CHNL# 306: [VOEL BUS MACH 1 ] -250 FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\test_MAXEX2.out TUE, JUL :27 BUS Figure 9 Response of Generator at Bus Q LOAD P LOAD HV BUS VOLTAGE LV BUS VOLTAGE CHNL# 379: [VOLT 1101 [ABEL ]] CHNL# 355: [VOLT 101 [ABEL ]] CHNL# 321: [PLOD BUS 1101 LOAD 1 ] CHNL# 338: [QLOD BUS 1101 LOAD 1 ] FILE: C:\LocalDocs\...\Voltage Stability Model\test_MAXEX2.out TUE, JUL :35 BUS 1101 Figure 10 Response of Load at Bus 1101 Page 14

15 Test Case B Outage of the Cable between Buses 106 and 110 This simulation corresponds to the critical contingency identified in the steady state analysis. The only disturbance is the trip of the cable (together with the line-connected shunt reactors) without any fault. The power flow solution did not converge for this contingency and the QV analysis shows that this outage corresponds to a voltage collapse condition. Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, and Figure 14 present the voltages at buses 106 and 1106, as well as the real and reactive demand of the load at bus Four different simulations of potential remedies were performed: SVC at bus ( -50/+100 MVAr) without load reset characteristic (black curve); SVC at bus ( -50/+100 MVAr) with load reset characteristic (red curve); shunt at bus blocked at its initial value in power flow (no dynamic model for SVC) without load reset characteristic (blue curve); and shunt at bus blocked at its initial value in power flow (no dynamic model for SVC) with load reset characteristic (magenta curve). The loads are still represented as 100% constant current for the real part and 100% constant admittance for the reactive part. The load reset characteristic is added to the PSS E setup (model EXTLAL), and this model would eventually bring the loads back to their initial (pre-disturbance) values (MW and Mvar). It should be noted that the selected values for the gains KP and KQ (5%) in the EXTLAL model are quite high, resulting in an artificially fast load recover to constant power characteristics (few minutes). Actual recordings of load characteristics indicate that this is a much slower phenomenon, spanning many minutes. Similarly, the dynamic response of the SVCs is simulated by adding the model CSSCST to the PSS E dynamic simulation setup. The dynamic response of the SVC is critical to avoid a voltage collapse condition around bus #106. In fact, the SVC response combines with the OLTC response to bring the voltage at the load bus #1106 to a higher value than the initial (pre-disturbance) condition. Since the load is modeled with a voltage dependence characteristic, the load demand becomes greater than the initial (steady-state) value and the load reset model ends up reducing the load demand. On the other hand, when the SVC is blocked (shunt is held constant at its initial value given by the power flow solution), the voltages at buses #106 and #1106 do not recover. Without the load reset characteristic, these voltages stabilize at around 0.9 pu due to the associated reduction in real and reactive power load demand. When the load is reset to its pre-disturbance power demand, voltages decrease even further and stabilize just above 0.8 pu. Since this is a slow voltage collapse condition, it is conceivable that mechanically-switched capacitor banks could be applied instead of a much more expensive SVC. However, the SVC will also play a fundamental role in the fast voltage collapse condition shown in the next section. Page 15

16 NO RESET + SVC RESET RESET + SVC NO RESET CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal_block SVC.out WED, JUL :43 VOLTAGE BUS 106 Figure 11 Voltage at 138 kv Bus #106 NO RESET + SVC RESET + SVC NO RESET RESET CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal_block SVC.out WED, JUL :45 VOLTAGE BUS 1106 Figure 12 Voltage at 13.8 kv Load Bus #1106 Page 16

17 NO RESET + SVC NO RESET RESET RESET + SVC CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal_block SVC.out WED, JUL :48 PLOAD - BUS 1106 Figure 13 Real Power Demand of Load at Bus #1106 NO RESET + SVC NO RESET RESET RESET + SVC CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: outage_oltc1_extlal_block SVC.out WED, JUL :51 QLOAD - BUS 1106 Figure 14 Reactive Power Demand of Load at Bus #1106 Page 17

18 Test Case C Three-Phase Fault at Bus 106 This simulation also corresponds to the critical contingency identified in the steady state analysis; but this time the cable is tripped to clear a three-phase short circuit at bus #106, cleared after 6 cycles (100 ms). Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, and Figure 18 present the voltages at buses 106 and 1106, as well as the real and reactive demand of the load at bus Four different simulations were performed: SVC at bus ( -50/+100 MVAr) without dynamic load model CLODAL (black curve); SVC at bus ( -50/+100 MVAr) with dynamic load model CLODAL (red curve); shunt at bus blocked at its initial value in power flow (no dynamic model for SVC) without dynamic load model CLODAL (blue curve); and shunt at bus blocked at its initial value in power flow (no dynamic model for SVC) with dynamic load model CLODAL (magenta curve). The complex load model provides an easy way to investigate the influence of the load model in the dynamic simulation and, in particular, the effect of induction motors in voltage collapse/voltage recovery. The CLODAL model is added to the original PSS E dynamic simulation setup and it replaces the original load model (100% constant current for real part and 100% constant admittance for reactive part). It should be noted that 50% of the load demand is now associated with induction motors. As previously stated, the dynamic response of the SVC is critical to avoid a voltage collapse condition around bus #106, caused by the increase in reactive power demand due to stalling induction motors. This is a fast dynamic phenomena and, in this case, the control capability of the SVC is required to avoid sluggish voltage recovery and the potential of load disconnection due to sustained low voltages. Figure 19 presents the SVC output admittance for the cases with and without the complex load model (induction motors). Note that the SVC stays at its maximum limit for almost 2 seconds when the induction motors are represented. This reactive power support is fundamental to enable the reacceleration of the motors. When the SVC is blocked and the induction motors are present, the voltages at buses #106 and #1106 do not recover, staying below 0.6 pu, which would lead to motor tripping and possibly system shutdown. Page 18

19 NO IM + SVC CLOD + SVC NO IM + SVC BLOCKED CLOD + SVC BLOCKED CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE:...\Voltage Stability Model\fault_OLTC1.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal.out CHNL# 360: [VOLT 106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal_block SVC.out FRI, JUL :26 VOLTAGE - BUS 106 Figure 15 Voltage at 138 kv Bus #106 CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal_block SVC.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE: fault_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 384: [VOLT 1106 [ALBER ]] FILE:...\Voltage Stability Model\fault_OLTC1.out FRI, JUL :29 VOLTAGE - BUS 1106 Figure 16 Voltage at 13.8 kv Load Bus #1106 Page 19

20 CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal_block SVC.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 326: [PLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE:...\Voltage Stability Model\fault_OLTC1.out FRI, JUL :30 PLOAD - BUS 1106 Figure 17 Real Power Demand of Load at Bus #1106 CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal_block SVC.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE: fault_oltc1_block SVC.out CHNL# 343: [QLOD BUS 1106 LOAD 1 ] FILE:...\Voltage Stability Model\fault_OLTC1.out FRI, JUL :30 QLOAD - BUS 1106 Figure 18 Reactive Power Demand of Load at Bus #1106 Page 20

21 CHNL# 431: [SVC Y - BUS 10106] FILE: fault_oltc1_clodal.out CHNL# 431: [SVC Y - BUS 10106] FILE:...\Voltage Stability Model\fault_OLTC1.out FRI, JUL :57 SVC OUTPUT ADMITTANCE Figure 19 SVC Output Admittance Page 21

22 Conclusions This paper presented a relatively small test system with documented voltage collapse/voltage stability problems. These problems are identified using steady state tools (power flow, contingency analysis, and PV/QV analysis) and the dynamic simulation capability in PSS E. In particular, the test system provides an example of the use of dynamic simulation models that are quite specific for the analysis of voltage collapse problems. This test system will be incorporated in the example systems distributed with PSS E. Meanwhile, the data is available in PSS E rev. 31 format by request to the PSS E support. References [1] Reliability Test System Task Force of the Application of Probability Methods Subcommittee IEEE Reliability Test System, IEEE Trans. on PAS, vol. 98, no. 6, Nov./Dec. 1979, pp [2] Reliability Test System Task Force of the Application of Probability Methods Subcommittee The IEEE Reliability Test System 1996, IEEE Trans. on PWRS, vol. 14, no. 3, Aug. 1999, pp [3] Task Force on Overall Plant Response Dynamic Models for Steam and Hydro Turbines in Power System Studies, IEEE Trans. on PAS, vol. 92, no. 12, Dec. 1973, pp [4] Siemens PTI PSS E Rev. 31 Program Application Guide, vol. II, section [5] Rodolfo Koessler Dynamic Simulation of Static Var Compensators in Distribution Systems, IEEE Trans. on PWRS, vol 7, no. 3, Aug. 1992, pp [6] IEEE/CIGRÉ Joint Task Force on Stability Terms and Definitions Definition and Classification of Power System Stability, IEEE Trans. on PWRS, vol. 19, no. 2, May 2004, pp [7] Badrul H. Chowdhury and Carson W. Taylor Voltage Stability Analysis: V-Q Power Flow Simulation Versus Dynamic Simulation, IEEE Trans. on PWRS, vol. 15, no. 4, Nov. 2000, pp Page 22

CHAPTER 3 TRANSIENT STABILITY ENHANCEMENT IN A REAL TIME SYSTEM USING STATCOM

CHAPTER 3 TRANSIENT STABILITY ENHANCEMENT IN A REAL TIME SYSTEM USING STATCOM 61 CHAPTER 3 TRANSIENT STABILITY ENHANCEMENT IN A REAL TIME SYSTEM USING STATCOM 3.1 INTRODUCTION The modeling of the real time system with STATCOM using MiPower simulation software is presented in this

More information

ECEN 667 Power System Stability Lecture 19: Load Models

ECEN 667 Power System Stability Lecture 19: Load Models ECEN 667 Power System Stability Lecture 19: Load Models Prof. Tom Overbye Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University, overbye@tamu.edu 1 Announcements Read Chapter 7 Homework 6 is

More information

Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System

Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System Paul Trodden February 14, 211 List of Figures 1 24-bus IEEE RTS, with line (3,24) tripped and buses 3,24 and line (3,9) uncertain....................................

More information

Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System

Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System Islanding of 24-bus IEEE Reliability Test System Paul Trodden February 17, 211 List of Figures 1 24-bus IEEE RTS, with line (3,24) tripped and buses 3,24 and line (3,9) uncertain....................................

More information

Generator Interconnection Facilities Study For SCE&G Two Combustion Turbine Generators at Hagood

Generator Interconnection Facilities Study For SCE&G Two Combustion Turbine Generators at Hagood Generator Interconnection Facilities Study For SCE&G Two Combustion Turbine Generators at Hagood Prepared for: SCE&G Fossil/Hydro June 30, 2008 Prepared by: SCE&G Transmission Planning Table of Contents

More information

Grid Stability Analysis for High Penetration Solar Photovoltaics

Grid Stability Analysis for High Penetration Solar Photovoltaics Grid Stability Analysis for High Penetration Solar Photovoltaics Ajit Kumar K Asst. Manager Solar Business Unit Larsen & Toubro Construction, Chennai Co Authors Dr. M. P. Selvan Asst. Professor Department

More information

A Case Study on Aggregate Load Modeling in Transient Stability Studies

A Case Study on Aggregate Load Modeling in Transient Stability Studies A Case Study on Aggregate Load Modeling in Transient Stability Studies Presented by: Daniel Feltes Siemens PTI Coauthors: Carlos Grande-Moran, Bernardo Fernandes, James Feltes, Ming Wu and Robert Wells

More information

COMPARISON OF STATCOM AND TCSC ON VOLTAGE STABILITY USING MLP INDEX

COMPARISON OF STATCOM AND TCSC ON VOLTAGE STABILITY USING MLP INDEX COMPARISON OF AND TCSC ON STABILITY USING MLP INDEX Dr.G.MadhusudhanaRao 1. Professor, EEE Department, TKRCET Abstract: Traditionally shunt and series compensation is used to maximize the transfer capability

More information

Transient Stability Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator

Transient Stability Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator Transient Stability Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator 2001 South First Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 +1 (217) 384.6330 support@powerworld.com http://www.powerworld.com Transient Stability Basics Overview

More information

Experiences with Wind Power Plants with Low SCR

Experiences with Wind Power Plants with Low SCR 1 Experiences with Wind Power Plants with Low SCR Lessons learned from the analysis, design and connection of wind power plants to weak electrical grids IEEE PES General Meeting Denver CO, 26 March 2015

More information

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN MESH DISTRIBUTION NETWORK IN FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN MESH DISTRIBUTION NETWORK IN FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN MESH DISTRIBUTION NETWORK IN FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE 1 AUNG KYAW MIN, 2 YAN AUNG OO 1,2 Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Power Engineering,

More information

ELG4125: Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)

ELG4125: Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) ELG4125: Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) The philosophy of FACTS is to use power electronics for controlling power flow in a transmission network, thus allowing the transmission line to be loaded

More information

Shunt Capacitor Bank Protection in UHV Pilot Project. Qing Tian

Shunt Capacitor Bank Protection in UHV Pilot Project. Qing Tian Shunt Capacitor Bank Protection in UHV Pilot Project Qing Tian 2012-5 INTRODUCTION State Grid Corp. of China, the largest electric power provider in the country, has first build a 1000 kv transmission

More information

NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR HYDRO GULL ISLAND TO SOLDIERS POND HVDC INTERCONNECTION DC SYSTEM STUDIES VOLUME 1

NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR HYDRO GULL ISLAND TO SOLDIERS POND HVDC INTERCONNECTION DC SYSTEM STUDIES VOLUME 1 Page 1 of 76 NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR HYDRO GULL ISLAND TO SOLDIERS POND HVDC INTERCONNECTION DC SYSTEM STUDIES VOLUME 1 Page 2 of 76 NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR HYDRO GULL ISLAND TO SOLDIERS POND HVDC

More information

Power Quality Improvement Using Statcom in Ieee 30 Bus System

Power Quality Improvement Using Statcom in Ieee 30 Bus System Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering. ISSN 2231-1297, Volume 3, Number 6 (2013), pp. 727-732 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/aeee.htm Power Quality Improvement Using

More information

Introduction to PowerWorld Simulator: Interface and Common Tools

Introduction to PowerWorld Simulator: Interface and Common Tools Introduction to PowerWorld Simulator: Interface and Common Tools I10: Introduction to Contingency Analysis 2001 South First Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 +1 (217) 384.6330 support@powerworld.com http://www.powerworld.com

More information

Hamdy S. K. El-Goharey, Walid A. Omran, Adel T. M. Taha

Hamdy S. K. El-Goharey, Walid A. Omran, Adel T. M. Taha 1 Military Technical College Kobry El-Kobbah, Cairo, Egypt 10 th International Conference on Electrical Engineering I. ICEENG 2016 Voltage Stability Investigation of the Egyptian Grid With High Penetration

More information

TRANSMISSION LOSS MINIMIZATION USING ADVANCED UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER (UPFC)

TRANSMISSION LOSS MINIMIZATION USING ADVANCED UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER (UPFC) TRANSMISSION LOSS MINIMIZATION USING ADVANCED UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER (UPFC) Nazneen Choudhari Department of Electrical Engineering, Solapur University, Solapur Nida N Shaikh Department of Electrical

More information

Overview of Flexible AC Transmission Systems

Overview of Flexible AC Transmission Systems Overview of Flexible AC Transmission Systems What is FACTS? Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS): Alternating current transmission systems incorporating power electronic-based and other static controllers

More information

Electric Power System Under-Voltage Load Shedding Protection Can Become a Trap

Electric Power System Under-Voltage Load Shedding Protection Can Become a Trap American Journal of Applied Sciences 6 (8): 1526-1530, 2009 ISSN 1546-9239 2009 Science Publications Electric Power System Under-Voltage Load Shedding Protection Can Become a Trap 1 Luiz Augusto Pereira

More information

Simulation of Voltage Stability Analysis in Induction Machine

Simulation of Voltage Stability Analysis in Induction Machine International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2174 Volume 6, Number 1 (2013), pp. 1-12 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Simulation of Voltage

More information

Wind Power Plants with VSC Based STATCOM in PSCAD/EMTDC Environment

Wind Power Plants with VSC Based STATCOM in PSCAD/EMTDC Environment 2012 2nd International Conference on Power and Energy Systems (ICPES 2012) IPCSIT vol. 56 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPCSIT.2012.V56.2 Wind Power Plants with VSC Based STATCOM in

More information

Power Flow Simulation of a 6-Bus Wind Connected System and Voltage Stability Analysis by Using STATCOM

Power Flow Simulation of a 6-Bus Wind Connected System and Voltage Stability Analysis by Using STATCOM Power Flow Simulation of a 6-Bus Wind Connected System and Voltage Stability Analysis by Using STATCOM Shaila Arif 1 Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Tejgaon, Dhaka,

More information

SIEMENS POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION FOR ENGINEERS (PSS/E) LAB1 INTRODUCTION TO SAVE CASE (*.sav) FILES

SIEMENS POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION FOR ENGINEERS (PSS/E) LAB1 INTRODUCTION TO SAVE CASE (*.sav) FILES SIEMENS POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION FOR ENGINEERS (PSS/E) LAB1 INTRODUCTION TO SAVE CASE (*.sav) FILES Power Systems Simulations Colorado State University The purpose of ECE Power labs is to introduce students

More information

Statcom Operation for Wind Power Generator with Improved Transient Stability

Statcom Operation for Wind Power Generator with Improved Transient Stability Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering. ISSN 2231-1297, Volume 4, Number 3 (2014), pp. 259-264 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/aeee.htm Statcom Operation for Wind Power

More information

ECE 740. Optimal Power Flow

ECE 740. Optimal Power Flow ECE 740 Optimal Power Flow 1 ED vs OPF Economic Dispatch (ED) ignores the effect the dispatch has on the loading on transmission lines and on bus voltages. OPF couples the ED calculation with power flow

More information

Final Draft Report. Assessment Summary. Hydro One Networks Inc. Longlac TS: Refurbish 115/44 kv, 25/33/ General Description

Final Draft Report. Assessment Summary. Hydro One Networks Inc. Longlac TS: Refurbish 115/44 kv, 25/33/ General Description Final Draft Report Assessment Summary Hydro One Networks Inc. : Refurbish 115/44 kv, 25/33/42 MVA DESN Station CAA ID Number: 2007-EX360 1.0 General Description Hydro One is proposing to replace the existing

More information

Performance Analysis of Transmission Line system under Unsymmetrical Faults with UPFC

Performance Analysis of Transmission Line system under Unsymmetrical Faults with UPFC Int. J. of P. & Life Sci. (Special Issue Engg. Tech.) Performance Analysis of Transmission Line system under Unsymmetrical Faults with UPFC Durgesh Kumar and Sonora ME Scholar Department of Electrical

More information

Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator

Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator using PowerWorld Simulator 2001 South First Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 +1 (217) 384.6330 support@powerworld.com http://www.powerworld.com

More information

FAULT ANALYSIS OF AN ISLANDED MICRO-GRID WITH DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR BASED WIND TURBINE

FAULT ANALYSIS OF AN ISLANDED MICRO-GRID WITH DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR BASED WIND TURBINE FAULT ANALYSIS OF AN ISLANDED MICRO-GRID WITH DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR BASED WIND TURBINE Yunqi WANG, B.T. PHUNG, Jayashri RAVISHANKAR School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications The

More information

Request for Payment Instructions Wholesale Distribution Access Tariff (WDAT) Attachment I - GIP

Request for Payment Instructions Wholesale Distribution Access Tariff (WDAT) Attachment I - GIP Grid Interconnection & Contract Development Request for Payment Instructions Wholesale Distribution Access Tariff (WDAT) Attachment I - GIP Submittal Instructions Prior to submitting your application and

More information

Dynamic Control of Grid Assets

Dynamic Control of Grid Assets Dynamic Control of Grid Assets ISGT Panel on Power Electronics in the Smart Grid Prof Deepak Divan Associate Director, Strategic Energy Institute Director, Intelligent Power Infrastructure Consortium School

More information

Research on Transient Stability of Large Scale Onshore Wind Power Transmission via LCC HVDC

Research on Transient Stability of Large Scale Onshore Wind Power Transmission via LCC HVDC Research on Transient Stability of Large Scale Onshore Wind Power Transmission via LCC HVDC Rong Cai, Mats Andersson, Hailian Xie Corporate Research, Power and Control ABB (China) Ltd. Beijing, China rong.cai@cn.abb.com,

More information

Contingency Analysis

Contingency Analysis Contingency Analysis Power systems are operated so that overloads do not occur either in real-time or under any statistically likely contingency. This is often called maintaining system security Simulator

More information

Project #148. Generation Interconnection System Impact Study Report

Project #148. Generation Interconnection System Impact Study Report Project #148 Generation Interconnection System Impact Study Report June 05, 2012 Electric Transmission Planning Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 Executive Summary... 3 Energy Resource Interconnection

More information

Enhancement of Voltage Stability Margin Using FACTS Controllers

Enhancement of Voltage Stability Margin Using FACTS Controllers International Journal of omputer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, April 23 Enhancement of Voltage Stability Margin Using FATS ontrollers H. B. Nagesh and. S. uttaswamy Abstract This paper presents

More information

Performance Analysis of Transient Stability on a Power System Network

Performance Analysis of Transient Stability on a Power System Network Performance Analysis of Transient Stability on a Power System Network Ramesh B Epili 1, Dr.K.Vadirajacharya 2 Department of Electrical Engineering Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere

More information

DC Voltage Droop Control Implementation in the AC/DC Power Flow Algorithm: Combinational Approach

DC Voltage Droop Control Implementation in the AC/DC Power Flow Algorithm: Combinational Approach DC Droop Control Implementation in the AC/DC Power Flow Algorithm: Combinational Approach F. Akhter 1, D.E. Macpherson 1, G.P. Harrison 1, W.A. Bukhsh 2 1 Institute for Energy System, School of Engineering

More information

PSAT Model- Based Voltage Stability Analysis for the Kano 330KV Transmission Line

PSAT Model- Based Voltage Stability Analysis for the Kano 330KV Transmission Line SAT Model- Based Voltage Stability Analysis for the Kano 330KV Transmission ne S.M. Lawan Department of Electrical Engineering, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil Nigeria Abstract Voltage

More information

Voltage Sag Mitigation in IEEE 6 Bus System by using STATCOM and UPFC

Voltage Sag Mitigation in IEEE 6 Bus System by using STATCOM and UPFC IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 2 Issue 01 July 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Voltage Sag Mitigation in IEEE 6 Bus System by using STATCOM and UPFC Ravindra Mohana

More information

Enhancement of Power Quality in Transmission Line Using Flexible Ac Transmission System

Enhancement of Power Quality in Transmission Line Using Flexible Ac Transmission System Enhancement of Power Quality in Transmission Line Using Flexible Ac Transmission System Raju Pandey, A. K. Kori Abstract FACTS devices can be added to power transmission and distribution systems at appropriate

More information

Enhancement of Transient Stability Using Fault Current Limiter and Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor

Enhancement of Transient Stability Using Fault Current Limiter and Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor > 57 < 1 Enhancement of Transient Stability Using Fault Current Limiter and Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor Masaki Yagami, Non Member, IEEE, Junji Tamura, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract This paper

More information

EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY (EPE) FACILITIES STUDY FOR PROPOSED HVDC TERMINAL INTERCONNECTION AT NEW ARTESIA 345 KV BUS

EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY (EPE) FACILITIES STUDY FOR PROPOSED HVDC TERMINAL INTERCONNECTION AT NEW ARTESIA 345 KV BUS EL PASO ELECTRIC COMPANY (EPE) FACILITIES STUDY FOR PROPOSED HVDC TERMINAL INTERCONNECTION AT NEW ARTESIA 345 KV BUS El Paso Electric Company System Operations Department System Planning Section May 2004

More information

Journal of American Science 2015;11(11) Integration of wind Power Plant on Electrical grid based on PSS/E

Journal of American Science 2015;11(11)   Integration of wind Power Plant on Electrical grid based on PSS/E Integration of wind Power Plant on Electrical grid based on PSS/E S. Othman ; H. M. Mahmud 2 S. A. Kotb 3 and S. Sallam 2 Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. 2 Egyptian Electricity

More information

System Impact Study Report

System Impact Study Report Report For: NTE Carolinas II, LLC ( Customer ) Queue #: 42432-01 Service Location: Rockingham County, NC Total Output: 477 MW (summer) / 540 MW (winter) Commercial Operation Date: 12/1/2020 42432-01 SIS

More information

Steady State Voltage Stability Enhancement Using Shunt and Series FACTS Devices

Steady State Voltage Stability Enhancement Using Shunt and Series FACTS Devices University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses Summer 8-13-2014 Steady State Voltage Stability Enhancement Using Shunt and Series

More information

Computation of Sensitive Node for IEEE- 14 Bus system Subjected to Load Variation

Computation of Sensitive Node for IEEE- 14 Bus system Subjected to Load Variation Computation of Sensitive Node for IEEE- 4 Bus system Subjected to Load Variation P.R. Sharma, Rajesh Kr.Ahuja 2, Shakti Vashisth 3, Vaibhav Hudda 4, 2, 3 Department of Electrical Engineering, YMCAUST,

More information

Evaluation of the Performance of Back-to-Back HVDC Converter and Variable Frequency Transformer for Power Flow Control in a Weak Interconnection

Evaluation of the Performance of Back-to-Back HVDC Converter and Variable Frequency Transformer for Power Flow Control in a Weak Interconnection Evaluation of the Performance of Back-to-Back HVDC Converter and Variable Frequency Transformer for Power Flow Control in a Weak Interconnection B. Bagen, D. Jacobson, G. Lane and H. M. Turanli Manitoba

More information

ISO Rules Part 500 Facilities Division 502 Technical Requirements Section Interconnected Electric System Protection Requirements

ISO Rules Part 500 Facilities Division 502 Technical Requirements Section Interconnected Electric System Protection Requirements Applicability 1 Section 502.3 applies to: the legal owner of a generating unit directly connected to the transmission system with a maximum authorized real power rating greater than 18 MW; the legal owner

More information

Distributed Energy Resources

Distributed Energy Resources Distributed Energy Resources WECC Data Subcommittee Rich Hydzik, Avista (ERSWG/DER Subgroup Lead) June 29, 2018 Why Are We Concerned About DER? Concern about changing generation fleet Large coal fired

More information

Study of Fault Clearing by A Circuit Breaker In Presence of A Shunt Capacitor Bank

Study of Fault Clearing by A Circuit Breaker In Presence of A Shunt Capacitor Bank Day 2 - Session V-B 299 Study of Fault Clearing by A Circuit Breaker In Presence of A Shunt Capacitor Bank Murali Kandakatla, B. Kondala Rao, Gopal Gajjar ABB Ltd., Maneja, Vadodara, India Thane Introduction

More information

INTRODUCTION. In today s highly complex and interconnected power systems, mostly made up of thousands of buses and hundreds of generators,

INTRODUCTION. In today s highly complex and interconnected power systems, mostly made up of thousands of buses and hundreds of generators, 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION In today s highly complex and interconnected power systems, mostly made up of thousands of buses and hundreds of generators, there is a great need to improve electric

More information

4,1 '~ ~ ~ 1I1f lc/)~ul I Central Electricity Authority

4,1 '~ ~ ~ 1I1f lc/)~ul I Central Electricity Authority ,.,.;i')!i,:;;',;~~~. 'ffrff mm I Government of India ~ ~.I Ministry of Power 4,1 '~ ~ ~ 1I1f lc/)~ul I Central Electricity Authority III ~~~~~~I"1",~~1 ;J' :. r System Planning & Project Appraisal Division

More information

Comparative Analysis of Integrating WECS with PMSG and DFIG Models connected to Power Grid Pertaining to Different Faults

Comparative Analysis of Integrating WECS with PMSG and DFIG Models connected to Power Grid Pertaining to Different Faults IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-issn: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 12, Issue 3 Ver. II (May June 2017), PP 124-129 www.iosrjournals.org Comparative Analysis

More information

Electric Power Delivery To Big Cities

Electric Power Delivery To Big Cities Problem Definition Electric Power Delivery To Big Cities a) Socio-economic incentives are a major factor in the movement of population to big cities b) Increasing demand of electric power has strained

More information

Power System Economics and Market Modeling

Power System Economics and Market Modeling Power System Economics and Market Modeling M5: Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow 2001 South First Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 +1 (217) 384.6330 support@powerworld.com http://www.powerworld.com

More information

Index Terms: Dynamics, reactive power capability, time domain simulation, voltage stability,

Index Terms: Dynamics, reactive power capability, time domain simulation, voltage stability, Garng Huang, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract: This paper first analyzes why voltage instability occurs in mature yet competitive power systems, and then investigate diverse voltage stability issues in deregulated

More information

Request for Payment Instructions Rule 21 Export Submittal Instructions

Request for Payment Instructions Rule 21 Export Submittal Instructions Grid Interconnection & Contract Development Request for Payment Instructions Rule 21 Export Submittal Instructions Prior to submitting your application and fee or deposit, please complete and submit this

More information

INSTALLATION OF CAPACITOR BANK IN 132/11 KV SUBSTATION FOR PARING DOWN OF LOAD CURRENT

INSTALLATION OF CAPACITOR BANK IN 132/11 KV SUBSTATION FOR PARING DOWN OF LOAD CURRENT INSTALLATION OF CAPACITOR BANK IN 132/11 KV SUBSTATION FOR PARING DOWN OF LOAD CURRENT Prof. Chandrashekhar Sakode 1, Vicky R. Khode 2, Harshal R. Malokar 3, Sanket S. Hate 4, Vinay H. Nasre 5, Ashish

More information

STATCOM Application to Address Grid Stability and Reliability: Part II. D.J. SHOUP, N.W. TENZA Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc.

STATCOM Application to Address Grid Stability and Reliability: Part II. D.J. SHOUP, N.W. TENZA Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. 21, rue d Artois, F-75008 PARIS CIGRE US National Committee http : //www.cigre.org 2016 Grid of the Future Symposium STATCOM Application to Address Grid Stability and Reliability: Part II D.J. SHOUP, N.W.

More information

Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99

Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99 Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99 Version 2, January 2019 www.energynetworks.org 2 Introduction Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO

More information

Gateway South Transmission Project

Gateway South Transmission Project Phase 1 Comprehensive Progress Report Volume 1 - Technical Report Report Prepared by PacifiCorp Transmission Planning Department November 21, 2008 WECC1-V4 Phase 1 Comprehensive Progress Report Executive

More information

Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator

Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator Steady-State Power System Security Analysis with PowerWorld Simulator S3: Techniques for Conditioning Hard-to-Solve Cases 2001 South First Street Champaign, Illinois 61820 +1 (217) 384.6330 support@powerworld.com

More information

Adaptive Power Flow Method for Distribution Systems With Dispersed Generation

Adaptive Power Flow Method for Distribution Systems With Dispersed Generation 822 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 17, NO. 3, JULY 2002 Adaptive Power Flow Method for Distribution Systems With Dispersed Generation Y. Zhu and K. Tomsovic Abstract Recently, there has been

More information

Stability Study of Grid Connected to Multiple Speed Wind Farms with and without FACTS Integration

Stability Study of Grid Connected to Multiple Speed Wind Farms with and without FACTS Integration International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Vol. 2, No. 3, September, 204 Stability Study of Grid Connected to Multiple Speed Wind Farms with and without FACTS Integration Qusay Salem

More information

Ancillary Services & Essential Reliability Services

Ancillary Services & Essential Reliability Services Ancillary Services & Essential Reliability Services EGR 325 April 19, 2018 1 Basic Products & Ancillary Services Energy consumed by load Capacity to ensure reliability Power quality Other services? o (To

More information

Implementation SVC and TCSC to Improvement the Efficacy of Diyala Electric Network (132 kv).

Implementation SVC and TCSC to Improvement the Efficacy of Diyala Electric Network (132 kv). American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-issn: 2320-0847 p-issn : 2320-0936 Volume-4, Issue-5, pp-163-170 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access Implementation SVC and TCSC to Improvement the

More information

Experience on Technical Solutions for Grid Integration of Offshore Windfarms

Experience on Technical Solutions for Grid Integration of Offshore Windfarms Experience on Technical Solutions for Grid Integration of Offshore Windfarms Liangzhong Yao Programme Manager AREVA T&D Technology Centre 18 June 2007, DTI Conference Centre, London Agenda The 90MW Barrow

More information

Surabaya Seminar Ferdinand Sibarani, Surabaya, 30 th October Power Quality

Surabaya Seminar Ferdinand Sibarani, Surabaya, 30 th October Power Quality Surabaya Seminar 2014 Ferdinand Sibarani, Surabaya, 30 th October 2014 Power Quality Content 1. Power quality problems 2. ABB s low voltage (LV) solution PCS100 AVC (Active Voltage Conditioner) PCS100

More information

ABB Inc. Public Service Company of New Mexico Broadview Full Buildout Affected PSLF Study

ABB Inc. Public Service Company of New Mexico Broadview Full Buildout Affected PSLF Study ABB Inc. Public Service Company of New Mexico Broadview Full Buildout Affected PSLF Study Final Report ABB Power Systems Consulting June 27, 2016 LEGAL NOTICE This document, prepared by ABB Inc, is an

More information

Generator Interconnection System Impact Study For

Generator Interconnection System Impact Study For Generator Interconnection System Impact Study For Prepared for: January 15, 2015 Prepared by: SCE&G Transmission Planning Table of Contents General Discussion... Page 3 I. Generator Interconnection Specifications...

More information

PJM Generator Interconnection Request Queue #R60 Robison Park-Convoy 345kV Impact Study September 2008

PJM Generator Interconnection Request Queue #R60 Robison Park-Convoy 345kV Impact Study September 2008 PJM enerator Interconnection Request Queue #R60 Robison Park-Convoy 345kV Impact Study 504744 September 2008 PJM Interconnection 2008. All rights reserved R60 Robison Park-Convoy 345kV Impact Study eneral

More information

Implementation of FC-TCR for Reactive Power Control

Implementation of FC-TCR for Reactive Power Control IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-issn: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 5, Issue 5 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 01-05 Implementation of FC-TCR for Reactive Power Control

More information

Performance Analysis of 3-Ø Self-Excited Induction Generator with Rectifier Load

Performance Analysis of 3-Ø Self-Excited Induction Generator with Rectifier Load Performance Analysis of 3-Ø Self-Excited Induction Generator with Rectifier Load,,, ABSTRACT- In this paper the steady-state analysis of self excited induction generator is presented and a method to calculate

More information

Variable frequency transformer for asynchronous power transfer

Variable frequency transformer for asynchronous power transfer Variable frequency transformer for asynchronous power transfer by Einar Larsen, Richard Piwko and Donald McLaren, GE Energy A new power transmission technology has been developed. The variable frequency

More information

Interconnection System Impact Study Final Report February 19, 2018

Interconnection System Impact Study Final Report February 19, 2018 Interconnection System Impact Study Final Report February 19, 2018 Generator Interconnection Request No. TI-17-0225 248.4 MW (Alternate Project Output of 217.35 MW) Wind Energy Generating Facility In Goshen

More information

Computer Aided Transient Stability Analysis

Computer Aided Transient Stability Analysis Journal of Computer Science 3 (3): 149-153, 2007 ISSN 1549-3636 2007 Science Publications Corresponding Author: Computer Aided Transient Stability Analysis Nihad M. Al-Rawi, Afaneen Anwar and Ahmed Muhsin

More information

ENHANCEMENT OF ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY OF POWER SYSTEM BY CONTROLLING RSC OF DFIG

ENHANCEMENT OF ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY OF POWER SYSTEM BY CONTROLLING RSC OF DFIG ENHANCEMENT OF ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY OF POWER SYSTEM BY CONTROLLING RSC OF DFIG C.Nikhitha 1, C.Prasanth Sai 2, Dr.M.Vijaya Kumar 3 1 PG Student, Department of EEE, JNTUCE Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

More information

STABILITY OF A 24-BUS POWER SYSTEM WITH CONVERTER INTERFACED GENERATION

STABILITY OF A 24-BUS POWER SYSTEM WITH CONVERTER INTERFACED GENERATION STABILITY OF A 24-BUS POWER SYSTEM WITH CONVERTER INTERFACED GENERATION A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Christopher D. Weldy In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master

More information

Battery Energy Storage System addressing the Power Quality Issue in Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System 9/15/2017 1

Battery Energy Storage System addressing the Power Quality Issue in Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System 9/15/2017 1 Battery Energy Storage System addressing the Power Quality Issue in Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System 9/15/2017 1 CONTENTS Introduction Types of WECS PQ problems in grid connected WECS Battery

More information

Investigation of Transient Recovery Voltage Across a Circuit Breaker with Presence of Braking Resistor

Investigation of Transient Recovery Voltage Across a Circuit Breaker with Presence of Braking Resistor Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(5): 231-235, 2011 ISSN 1991-8178 Investigation of Transient Recovery Voltage Across a Circuit Breaker with Presence of Braking Resistor 1 Amir Ghorbani,

More information

Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99

Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99 Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO Distribution Networks in accordance with EREC G99 Version 1 August 2018 www.energynetworks.org 2 Introduction Connection of Power Generating Modules to DNO

More information

Improvement of Transmission Line Power Transfer Capability, Case Study

Improvement of Transmission Line Power Transfer Capability, Case Study Improvement of Transmission Line Power Transfer Capability, Case Study A. Abu-Siada 1 and Chatura Karunar 2 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Curtin University, WA 2 Western Power, Perth,

More information

CHAPTER 6 POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF SCIG IN WIND FARM USING STATCOM WITH SUPERCAPACITOR

CHAPTER 6 POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF SCIG IN WIND FARM USING STATCOM WITH SUPERCAPACITOR 120 CHAPTER 6 POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF SCIG IN WIND FARM USING STATCOM WITH SUPERCAPACITOR 6.1 INTRODUCTION For a long time, SCIG has been the most used generator type for wind turbines because of

More information

(by authors Jouko Niiranen, Slavomir Seman, Jari-Pekka Matsinen, Reijo Virtanen, and Antti Vilhunen)

(by authors Jouko Niiranen, Slavomir Seman, Jari-Pekka Matsinen, Reijo Virtanen, and Antti Vilhunen) Technical Paper: Low voltage ride-through testing of wind turbine converters at ABB helps wind turbines meet the requirements of IEC 61400-21 more quickly (by authors Jouko Niiranen, Slavomir Seman, Jari-Pekka

More information

Dynamic Reactive Power Control for Wind Power Plants

Dynamic Reactive Power Control for Wind Power Plants Dynamic Reactive Power Control for Wind Power Plants Ernst Camm, Charles Edwards, Ken Mattern, Stephen Williams S&C Electric Company, 6601 N. Ridge Blvd, Chicago IL 60626 USA ecamm@sandc.com, cedwards@sandc.om,

More information

Dynamic Scheduling NI A F S NI S. Where:

Dynamic Scheduling NI A F S NI S. Where: Dynamic Scheduling FERC Order 888 defines dynamic scheduling: which is the electronic transfer of the time-varying electricity consumption corresponding to a load or the time-varying generation associated

More information

POWER FLOW SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS

POWER FLOW SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS 1.0 Introduction Power flow analysis (also commonly referred to as load flow analysis) is one of the most common studies in power system engineering. We are already aware that the power system is made

More information

Use of STATCOM for Improving Dynamic Performance of Wind Farms Connected in Power Grid

Use of STATCOM for Improving Dynamic Performance of Wind Farms Connected in Power Grid Use of STATCOM for Improving Dynamic Performance of Wind Farms Connected in Power Grid K. B. Mohd. Umar Ansari 1 PG Student [EPES], Dept. of EEE, AKG Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

More information

Concepts And Application Of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) In Electric Power Network

Concepts And Application Of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) In Electric Power Network Concepts And Application Of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) In Electric Power Network Nwozor Obinna Eugene Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal University

More information

Fuzzy Based Unified Power Flow Controller to Control Reactive Power and Voltage for a Utility System in India

Fuzzy Based Unified Power Flow Controller to Control Reactive Power and Voltage for a Utility System in India International Journal of Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2158 Volume 5, Number 6 (2012), pp. 713-722 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Fuzzy Based Unified Power Flow Controller

More information

Enhancement of voltage profile for IEEE-14 Bus System by Using STATIC-VAR Compensation (SVC) when Subjected to Various Changes in Load

Enhancement of voltage profile for IEEE-14 Bus System by Using STATIC-VAR Compensation (SVC) when Subjected to Various Changes in Load International Journal of Research Studies in Science, Engineering and Technology [IJRSSET] Volume, Issue, May 0 Enhancement of voltage profile for IEEE Bus System by Using STATICVAR Compensation (SVC)

More information

Modeling and Simulation of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Grid Frequency Regulation. X. XU, M. BISHOP, D. OIKARINEN S&C Electric Company USA

Modeling and Simulation of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Grid Frequency Regulation. X. XU, M. BISHOP, D. OIKARINEN S&C Electric Company USA , rue d Artois, F-8 PARIS CIGRE US National Committee http : //www.cigre.org Grid of the Future Symposium Modeling and Simulation of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Grid Frequency Regulation X. XU,

More information

Dynamic Adjustment Procedure for 700-series Digital Controls. Application Note (Revision A,8/1998) Original Instructions

Dynamic Adjustment Procedure for 700-series Digital Controls. Application Note (Revision A,8/1998) Original Instructions Application Note 01304 (Revision A,8/1998) Original Instructions Dynamic Adjustment Procedure for 700-series Digital Controls (700, 701, 701A, 702, 705, 721, 723, 723PLUS, 828) General Precautions Read

More information

Georgia Transmission Corporation Georgia Systems Operations Corporation

Georgia Transmission Corporation Georgia Systems Operations Corporation Georgia Transmission Corporation Georgia Systems Operations Corporation Reactive Power Requirements for Generating Facilities Interconnecting to the Georgia Integrated Transmission System with Georgia

More information

Okelola, M. O. Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

Okelola, M. O. Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) Volume 6 Issue 7 Pages EC-28-53-58 28 Website: www.ijsrm.in ISSN (e): 232-348 Index Copernicus value (25): 57.47, (26):93.67, DOI:.8535/ijsrm/v6i7.ec

More information

The ABB Medium Scale Power Transmission Test Case

The ABB Medium Scale Power Transmission Test Case The ABB Medium Scale Power Transmission Test Case Mats Larsson Corporate Research ABB Schweiz AG mailto:mats.larsson@ch.abb.com Feb 24, 24 Introduction This report describes a test case intended for control

More information

Using MATLAB/ Simulink in the designing of Undergraduate Electric Machinery Courses

Using MATLAB/ Simulink in the designing of Undergraduate Electric Machinery Courses Using MATLAB/ Simulink in the designing of Undergraduate Electric Machinery Courses Mostafa.A. M. Fellani, Daw.E. Abaid * Control Engineering department Faculty of Electronics Technology, Beni-Walid, Libya

More information

HVDC Back-to-Back Interconnections Enabling reliable integration of power system

HVDC Back-to-Back Interconnections Enabling reliable integration of power system HVDC Back-to-Back Interconnections Enabling reliable integration of power system Dr Liliana Oprea FICHTNER GmbH&Co KG Swiss Chapter of IEEE PES Baden-Dättwil, 4 September 2013 Table of Contents Need for

More information

Power Conditioning of Microgrids and Co-Generation Systems

Power Conditioning of Microgrids and Co-Generation Systems Power Conditioning of Microgrids and Co-Generation Systems Nothing protects quite like Piller piller.com Content 1 Introduction 3 2 Basic requirements of a stable isolated network 3 3 Requirements for

More information