9 th IFIC Workshop Athens 26 & 27 January 2012
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1 9 th IFIC Workshop Athens 26 & 27 January 2012 Session on Best Practices for Grid Access and Permitting Procedures The Greek Experience and Practice A. Koronides HTSO
2 THE EXISTING TRANSMISSION GRID Transmission Lines (Length in km) Production Capacity (MW) Type 150kV AC 400kV DC Fuel Installed Net OHL Coal Oil Underground 82 4 Gas Submarine Hydro Wind Total Solar 327 Comb.Ren. & Waste 51 Total Transmission System Substations 279 HV (150kV) 22 EHV (400kV)
3 THE EXISTING and FUTURE TRANSMISSION GRID
4 Load Generation 2011 Production High Voltage Network MWh % Total Net Production 48,639, Imports - Exports 3,232, Total 51,872,288 Production per Categories Lignite Oil Natural Gas Hydroelectric *RES and other sources Total Production at H/V *: RES monitored at H/V 27,570, , ,850, ,675, ,535, ,639, RES production at all Volatge Levels HV, MV and LV M/V&L/V Wind Small Hydros Bigas Biomass etc Co-generation Photo Voltaics Total MWh % 2,595, , , , , ,958, MWh % RES *%Large Hydros % Total Consumption (excluding pumping) 52,915,
5 Evolution of Load in Greece TWh Εξέλιξη Ζήτησης Ζήτηση Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας (TWh) Ετήσια Αιχμή (GW) GW ,00% 15,00% 10,00% Ετήσια μεταβολή ζήτησης Ετήσια μεταβολή ΑΕΠ Poly. (Ετήσια μεταβολή ζήτησης) Poly. (Ετήσια μεταβολή ΑΕΠ) ,00% Load Demand (*) Equivalent Yearly Change (MWh) 10-years 5-years 3-years 0,00% ,00% -10,00% Dependency Load - GNP Year Yearly Change ,108, ,914, % ,973, % ,732, % ,223, % ,878, % % ,687, % ,309, % ,489, % ,545, % 2011** 52,915, % % -0.20% -2.50% Following the economic crisis there is a reduction of about 9,4% vs. the year 2008
6 Evolution of Max and Min Load in Greece Equivalent yearly Change Year Min Equivalent yearly Change (MW) Difference Previous 10-years 5-years 3-years Year Peaks Years (%) (2) (2) 9370 (3) 9600 (4) (2) (2) (2) % -2.50% 1.10% (MW) Difference Previous 10-ετία 5-ετία 3-ετία Year Year (%) % -0.50% 1.80% Max load 2011 was about 9% less than historical Max of year 2007 Min load 1/3 of Max load
7 Year Demand (GWh) Load Expansion - Projections Modest Scenario Reference Scenario Optomistic Scenario Yearly Rate of Change (%) Yearly Change (GWh) Demand (GWh) Yearly Rate of Change (%) Yearly Change (GWh) Demand (GWh) Yearly Rate of Change (%) Yearly Change (GWh) 2011* Average load 2011 > 6050 MW Average load 2020 > 6970 MW
8 Evolution of RES installed capacity
9 Connection Process in Greece Major Steps (in brief): Production License (for projects >= 1MW) - Regulator Provisional non binding connection offer System Operator Environmental License - Authorities Binding connection offer (depending on system availability and other binding offers issued so far) System Operator Environmental License updated if needed - Authorities Connection Contract System Operator (Distribution Operator) / User Commercial Contract Market Operator Project Construction - User Test Period User/System Operator (Distribution Operator) Operation License - Authorities Normal Operation regular payments start
10 Future Development of RES in the Country Region Non Binding Offer Binding Offer In Operation Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. East Macedonia& Thrace Central Macedonia West Macedonia Ipiros Thessaly Ιionian Islands Western Greece Sterea Attica Peloponnissos North Aegean South Aegean Creta General Total(MW) Grand Total % % % Note: not included existing RES in isolated island systems not included small RES directly at distribution Grand Total RES(MW) 18596
11 National Action Plan Towards the targets for 2020: Small Hydros Ph V Other Solar Wind Biomass Totals Offers and Existing RES Non Binding Offer Binding Offer In Operation Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. Wind small H/E Cogen PhV Biom. General Total(MW) Grand Total Total Wind(MW) Total Small Hydro (MW) 642 Total Co Gen (MW) 114 (Large Hydros not included in tables above) Total PhV [>1ΜW] (MW) 2023 Total Biomass (MW) 243 Grand Total RES(MW) RES with binding offers and in operation RES, exceed targets for 2014 If adding non binding offers (end 2011) 2020 targets exceeded by about 80% Ph. Vs with commercial contracts signed reached 2020 target
12 Transmission System Expansion Plan: 3 years plan (up to 2015), includes mature projects with confirmed time schedule 10 years plan (up to ), projects at early planning stage (final design, environmental license, expropriation etc. at various stages. 3 years plan can satisfy the targets of years plan can satisfy the targets of 2020 Critical issue maturity of RES projects, how many and which of those with production license, non binding or binding offer will be constructed and at which location.
13 Challenges and Problems Maturity of RES projects in general, how many and which of those with production license, non binding or binding offer will be constructed and at which location. Providing binding connection offers, while not knowing which and how many of those already holding a binding offer will proceed with construction Sharing the connection cost among several users Massive penetration beyond the 2020 targets System operation market operation energy storage exporting RES power.
14 Possible solutions Exploit the existing infrastructure as much as possible, especially the distribution infrastructures for RES up to 7-8 MW saves investment cost, man hours and losses Further refine the national targets per region and technology respecting local network capabilities Restrict the binding offers to a reasonable overshoot over the national regional targets set Simplify the cost sharing procedures Participation of large RES in load balancing mechanisms. Achieve progress in energy storage pumping.
15 Massive penetration beyond the targets In the target year 2020 max, min and average load is about 12,5 GW, 4GW and 7GW respectively. To accommodate RES targets large amounts of power shall be exported to external systems at low load periods. Announced further development for massive solar exploitation, wind in the islands and offshore (besides local connection problems) requires massive export capacity. The challenge goes beyond the national borders. A pan European coordination is needed on the basis of ENTSO-E approach for European electricity highways towards 2050 Co2 free society along the following lines: Development of realistic production scenarios in 5 year steps from 2020 to 2050 (modular approach) Assume the main production nodes (or regions) and sinks (load centers) over the European Network map Develop the long term National System Expansion Plan in accordance with pan European Plan Sharing the costs among several stakeholders along the continent.
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