WIND ENERGY DENMARK

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WIND ENERGY DENMARK - 2017 GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

1 WIND ENERGY DENMARK GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS October 2 nd 2017 Flemming Brinch Nielsen Fbn@energient.dk 1

2 Flemming Brinch Nielsen: Senior Engineer System Operation Development Mobil: Energinet.dk Tonne Kjærsvej Fredericia Denmark 2

3 WIND ENERGY DENMARK In this presentation; Energinet Connection requirements for wind power plants as of today EU regulation 2016/631 Few examples on new requirements 3

4 ENERGINET We own and operate the overall electricity and natural gas transmission system in Denmark. Our tasks are to integrate renewable energy and ensure security of supply in Denmark

5 ORGANISATIONAL CHART Engineering and Construction Business Services ELECTRICITY TSO GAS TSO 5

1000 EMPLOYEES At the beginning of 2017, we hit the 1,000 employee

owned by the Danish Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate.

6 1000 EMPLOYEES At the beginning of 2017, we hit the 1,000 employee mark. They are based at eight locations. Our head office is located in Fredericia. INDEPENDENT AND PUBLIC Energinet is an independent public enterprise owned by the Danish Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate. ENERGY FOR SOCIETY Our mission is to ensure Reliable energy for society. Our vision is to create balance in a sustainable energy system

7 ENERGY BECOMES SUSTAINABLE In 2050, all energy in Denmark must come from renewable energy sources

8 CURRENT GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS - WIND POWER PLANTS 8

9 CURRENT GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS - WIND POWER PLANTS Focus on part 3 and 5 Highlights of requirements and will not include all details 9

10 CURRENT GRID CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS - WIND POWER PLANTS POC is determined by the relevant system operator, RSO Connected power plant must comply to the requirements throughout its lifetime 10

11 3. TOLERANCES OF FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE DEVIATIONS - NORMAL OPERATION CONDITIONS 11

12 3. TOLERANCES OF FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE DEVIATIONS - ABNORMAL OPERATION CONDITIONS 12

13 5. CONTROL AND REGULATION Requirements for controling active and reactive power Active power 5.2.x Reactive power 5.3.x Grid stability 5.6.x 14

14 5. CONTROL AND REGULATION - ACTIVE POWER Active power regulation Frequency response, frequency control, constraint functions 15

15 5. CONTROL AND REGULATION - GRID STABILITY Part Active power control requirements Reduce active power generated in the event of high wind speeds Before the built-in protective function, cut-out wind speed, is activated Category C: %/P n Category D: %/P n Maintain grid stability during extreme weather conditions 16

16 5. CONTROL AND REGULATION - REACTIVE POWER, CATEGORY C AND D Category B requirement not shown defined in relation to active power level at Uc Reactive power in relation to active power level at Uc, Fig Reactive power in releation to Uc, Fig

17 THE ENERGY SYSTEM IS CHANGING Europe is in the middle of a historic transition of the energy system Denmark has a leading position By 2020, wind power must constitute 50% of the electricity consumption; in 2016 it constituted 38%. In 2050, Denmark must be completely independent of fossil fuels 18

18 REQUIREMENTS OF TOMORROW - EU REGULATION 2016/631 EU regulation 2016/631 Requirements for grid connection of generators is being implemented. Entry into force, May 2016 Requirements developed and delivered to the national regulator, May 2018 Implemented, May 2019 New requirements are being developed Exhaustive and Non-Exhaustive Requirement Merger of National Technical Regulations 19

19 General Requirements (C1) Article Who A B C D Type A Frequency ranges (table 2) A13(1)(a)(i) Ex FS X X X X ROCOF A13(1)(b) TSO FS X X X X LFSM-O (figure 1) A13(2)(a) TSO FS X X X X LFSM-O (randomized disconnection) A13(2)(b) TSO FS (x) Constant output at target active power A13(3) Ex FS X X X X Maximum active power reduction at under frequency A13(4)+(5) TSO FS X X X X Logic interface (input port) A13(6) Ex/RSO FS X X Automatic connection A13(7) TSO FS X X X Type B Active power reduction (input port) A14(2)(a) Ex FS X Fault Ride Through capability (symmetrical/asymmetrical) (New) A14(3)(a)+(b) Ex R X X X Reconnection after an incidental disconnection due to network disturbance A14(4)(a)+(b) TSO SR X X X Control schemes and settings A14(5)(a)(i) All 3 GSM X X X Electric protection schemes and settings A14(5)(b)(i) RSO GSM X X X Priority ranking of protection and control A14(5)(c) Ex GSM X X X Information exchange (New) A14(5)(d) TSO/RSO GSM X X X 20

20 Type C A B C D Active power controllability and control range A15(2)(a) TSO/RSO FS X X LFSM-U A15(2)(c) Ex FS X X Frequency Sensitive Mode (active power frequency response) A15(2)(d) GR FS X X Frequency restoration control A15(2)(e) TSO FS X X Disconnection of load due to under frequency A15(2)(f) Ex FS X X Real-time monitoring of FSM (Monitoring of frequency response) A15(2)(g)(i)(ii) TSO/RSO FS X X Automatic disconnection (High/low voltage disconnection) A15(3) RSO/TSO VS X Steady-state stability (p oscillations, V/F range, network reclosures) A15(4)(a)+(b)+(c) Ex R X X Black start capability (not mandatory, quotation on request) A15(5)(a) TSO SR O O Island operation capability (if required) A15(5)(b) TSO/RSO SR X X Quick re-synchronization (houseload) A15(5)(c) All 3 SR X X Loss of angular stability or loss of control (Loss of stability) A15(6)(a) All 3 GSM X X Instrumentation for fault and dynamic behavior recording A15(6)(b) GR GSM X X Simulations models (at request) A15(6)(c) TSO/RSO GSM X X Installation of devices for system operation and/or recording (additional A15(6)(d) TSO/RSO GSM X X requirements) Rate of change of active power (ramping limits) A15(6)(e) TSO/RSO GSM X X Transformer neutral point treatment A15(6)(f) RSO GSM X X Type D Voltage ranges A16(2)(a)(i) Ex VS X Wider voltage ranges + automatic disconnection A16(2)(b)+(c) RSO/TSO VS X Fault Ride Through capability (symmetrical/asymmetrical) A16(3) TSO R X Synchronization A16(4) RSO GSM X 21

21 Requirements for synchronous power generating modules (C2)a Article WHO A B C D Type B Applicable - A13, A14 - not A13(2)(b) A17(1) Ex FS - X X X Reactive power capability (New) A17(2)(a) RSO VS X Voltage control system, simple A17(2)(b) Ex VS X X Post fault active power recovery A17(3) TSO R X X X Type C Supplementary reactive power requirement A18(2)(a) RSO VS X X Reactive power capability at maximum active power A18(2)(b) RSO VS X X Reactive power capability below maximum active power A18(2)(c) Ex VS X X Type D Voltage control system, (parameters and settings) A19(2)(a) All 3 VS X AVR - excitation limiter - PSS A19(2)(b) All3 VS X Angular stability under fault conditions A19(3) TSO/PFO VS/R X 22

22 Requirements for power park modules (C3) Article A B C D Type B Applicable - A13, A14 - except A13(2)(b) A20(1) Ex X X X Reactive power capability A20(2)(a) RSO VS X?? Fast fault current, (symmetrical faults)( voltage assistance) A20(2)(b) RSO/TSO VS X X X Fast fault current, (asymmetrical faults)(current injection) (New) A20(2)(c) RSO/TSO VS X X X Post fault active power recovery A20(3)(a)+(b) TSO R X X X Type C Applicable - A13, A14, A15, A20 - except A13(2)(b) + (6), A14(2), A21(1) Ex X X Synthetic inertia capability- (New) A21(2)(a)+(b) TSO FS X X Supplementary reactive power requirement (may be requested) A21(3)(a) RSO VS X X Reactive power capability at maximum active power A21(3)(b) RSO/TSO VS X X Reactive power capability below maximum active power A21(3)(c) RSO/TSO VS X X Reactive power control modes A21(3)(d) EX VS X X Priority to active or reactive power contribution A21(3)(e) TSO VS X X Power oscillations damping control A21(3)(f) TSO VS X X Type D Applicable - A13, A14, A15, A16, A20 - except A13(2)(b) + (6), A14(2), A15(3), A20(2)(a) A22 Ex X 23

23 Requirements for offshore power park modules (C4) Article A B C D Offshore park with on/offshore COP onshore req. A23(1) Ex GR Offshore COP A23(2) RSO GR Connection point, configuration A23(3)(a)+(b) Ex GR Frequency stability requirements, A13(1)-(5), A15(2), A24 Ex FS - - A21(2), except A13(2)(b) Voltage Stability requirements, table 10 A25(1) EX VS Voltage Stability, A20(2)(c)+(d), A21(3) A25(4) Ex VS FRT requirements, A15(4), A20(3) + A14(3)(a), A20(3)(a) A26(1)+(2) Ex R System restoration requirements, A14(4), A15(5) A27 Ex SR General system management requirements, A14(5), A15(6), A16(4) A28 Ex GR Frequency stability: FS; Robustness: R; General System Management: GSM; Voltage Stability: VS; System restoration: SR, General Requirement: GR 24

24 FAULT RIDE THROUGH PPM CATEGORY B AND C 25

25 FAULT RIDE THROUGH PPM CATEGORY D 26

26 FREQUENCY BAND REQUIREMENT CURRENT VS. NEW U C Umax 1,15 pu 1,118 pu 1,10 pu U C TSO valg, minimum 30 minutter TSO valg, minimum som for 47,5 48,5 Hz TSO valg, minimum 20 minutter, maksimum 60 minutter Anlægget skal kunne forblive i kontinuert drift 30 minutter 0,90 pu 60 minutter 0,85 pu Umin /631 Dk kv Frekvens [Hz] Reduced frequency band Transmission voltage level 27

27 REQUIREMENTS OF TOMORROW - EU REGULATION 2016/631 - HIGHLIGHTS Category A: 0,8kW 100 kw Category increased from 50 kw to 100 kw No additional requirements Category B: 100 kw 1 MW FRT for PPM Online measurements * Reactive power capabilities (SG) Fast fault current (PPM) Category C: 1 MW-25 MW Online measurements* Simulation models (systems < 10 MW not requested) Synthetic inertia for PPM Category D: >25 MW Synthetic inertia for PPM Power quality requirements / Transmission system connected Shown requirements are not final and can be changed. To be discussed in stakeholder meetings. MW threshold A and B/C 28

28 QUESTIONS CONTACT: tel.:

PROPOSAL FOR STORAGE CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS

PROPOSAL FOR STORAGE CONNECTION REQUIREMENTS Public consultation 15 March 23 April 2018 Contents 1 Introduction and background... 2 2 Definitions and applicability... 2 3 SPM categories types... 3 4 SPM