Solar Powered EV Charging Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd

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1 1 Solar Powered EV Charging Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd

2 Background Facts ~1.5 Lac E-Rickshaws plying in Delhi; 2 Charging for about 8 to 10 hrs - for a running distance of ~ 80 kms Mostly operated by those residing in JJ clusters and Unauthorized colonies Informal charging infrastructure charging around Rs. 100/- per E Rickshaw per day

3 Current E-Rickshaw Charging Practices in Delhi 3 Carried out at open/unutilized space without any permission Direct theft of electricity by illegal tapping of distribution network Unsafe operating conditions with risk to human life and equipment Crude and cheap chargers combined with variable charging duration leading to reduced battery life Few operators charging from Domestic Connections

4 E-Rickshaw Charging locations in TPDDL area 4 Identified 14 primary locations where charging is being done currently Nearly 124 rickshaws being charged regularly Zones have been instructed to identify theft prone points; teams deployed at sit

5 Possible Models for E-Rickshaw Charging based upon PV (1/2) 5 Model Name Highlights Challenges Proposal for centralized Approval from Land E-Rickshaws charging location where maximum owning agency Model-1 stations with Solar PV no. of E-Rickshaws are Space available for plant at same location being charged & Solar PV Parking be installed on the rooftop Model-2 E-Rickshaw charging stations with Solar PV plant at different locations Proposal for installation of PV solar on different Govt. buildings locations where maximum E-Rickshaw are plying in the vicinity ; e.g. DDA shopping complex/ Metro stations/ other locations and set up of charging infrastructure at different locations Involvement of DERC /DDA/ other Govt. Buildings Space constraint with DDA Ownership and Parking Problems at different charging locations

6 Possible Models for E-Rickshaw Charging based upon PV (2/2) 6 Model Name Highlights Challenges Model-3 Model-4 Central Charging stations for batteries of E- Rickshaws Rooftop Solar on E- Rickshaw Central charging stations for charging the batteries of E-Rickshaws and replacement of batteries after charging Installation of PV on the hood of E-Rickshaw Very Few Vendors of E- Rickshaw working with battery replacement model Time taking process, Ownership of charging stations Less charging of E- Rickshaw during continuous moving of E- Rickshaw Theft of PV Modules

7 7 Model 1 Illustration : E-Rickshaws charging stations with Solar PV plant at same location Meter Centralized charging Station with rooftop solar Distribution Substation E-Rickshaws

8 v v 8 Model 2 Illustration : E-Rickshaw charging stations with Solar PV plant at different locations Solar RT Panel on School Building Solar RT Panel on Govt. Building Meter E-Rickshaw charging Station Distribution Substation Solar RT Panel on Metro Station E-Rickshaws

9 Plan & Coverage 9 Solar plants needs to be set up at various locations in coordination with government/private agencies. Such locations should be evenly located throughout TPDDL operational area. Meters will be installed at these locations to monitor the consumption. Installation of charging stations will give rise to employment through collection of parking charges along with Solar plant maintenance at the said areas. The project will cover most of the areas with high E Rickshaw density. Metro Parking areas will also be covered in order to reinforce day charging also resulting in increased ferrying of passengers and hence more earning. Charging Stations will also be set up near to consumption areas like JJ Clusters in order to avoid power theft at night. Most of the contractors giving E Rickshaws on rent will also be encouraged for deployment of such infrastructure. Most of the charging stations will be deployed near solar plants.

10 Monitoring 10 All the charging stations will be deployed with meters Billing of these charging stations will be done through group metering concept as per net metering regulations of DERC. Special chargers to be deployed in order to avoid usage of electricity for any other purpose. In the first phase of this project, charging stations will be kept at authorized parking through direct or indirect supervision of consumers. The charging stations will be under constant vigil of TPDDL zonal authorities on weekly basis to avoid any damage and reporting of issues. The solar plants to be deployed in order to offset the consumption will also be monitored on regular basis to study any downturn in production due to maintenance issues.

11 Sustainability 11 TPDDL intends to make charging stations a sustainable model which will be on PPP basis. The charging stations will be deployed by TPDDL through support from MNRE. The Charging Stations will be kept under supervision of contractors or other authorized persons. Such supervisors can earn through parking charges due to parking of E Rickshaws at night. Most of the charging stations will be deployed near solar plants so that authorized personnel can earn through regular maintenance of solar plants in addition to charging stations. The model will also save the infrastructure from damage and other illegal activities which cannot be foreseen as of now. The model will be reviewed on quarterly basis to understand the viability of this model after coming into operations. Regular feedback will also be taken from charging station & solar plant supervisors to understand day to day problems and the action on the same will be taken on regular basis. Reports will also be submitted to MNRE on yearly basis in terms of consumption of charging station and generation of solar plants on annual basis.

12 EV Technology with Smart Grid Integration 12 Electric vehicles use electric motors to drive their wheels and derive some or all of their power from large, rechargeable batteries. These batteries can be utilized as reserves for enabling grid integration of RE. Grid to Vehicle Vehicle to grid EVs absorbs excess RE generation for charging their batteries. Communication channel and smart charging infrastructure help in grid to vehicle transfer of electricity Pricing signals adjusted according to the RE generation so there is an incentive for shifting charging of EV at that time. For example, low pricing will reflect high RE generation which will initiate charging of EV. EV manages decrease in RE generation by supplying back the stored energy. Communication and charging infrastructure help in vehicle to grid transfer of electricity. Distress signal communicated to EV for supplying its stored electricity to grid. In response EV will be discharged to support the power shortage.

13 Electric Vehicles Case Study: Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore campus 13 Laboratory of Clean Energy Research (LaCER) at the NTU conducted an analysis to assess suitability of PHEVs in a campus scale micro grid. Impact of PHEV integration in smart grid with renewable energy besides the conventional thermal power plants and diesel generators was observed. Without considering PHEV integration Wind energy is used primarily as it is utilized at zero cost. Diesel and thermal generators are used to balance wind generators OPTION 1 OPTION 2 Result In case of excess wind energy, batteries of the PHEV is charged. These batteries of the fleet are discharged when wind generation is low to support the grid. With PHEV integration Excess wind energy generation is stored in the PHEV battery (charging, G2V) and returned back when generation is less (discharging, V2G) Diesel and thermal consumption is lower. OPTION 1 OPTION 2 RESULT Source: School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 2009

14 Roadmap 14 Replication of model in case of success throughout TPDDL operational Area. Exploration of other models to support the cause. Creating of infrastructure in Smart parking of Smart Cities Supporting operations and sustainability of Electric Vehicles

15 Thank You