Power Hardware-in-the-Loop and the KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Environment. Sebastian Hubschneider

Transcription

1 Power Hardware-in-the-Loop and the KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Environment Sebastian Hubschneider

2 Introduction Sebastian Hubschneider, M.Sc., Research Associate Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Electric Energy Systems and High-Voltage Technology 20 academic employees Fields of research AC/DC grids (system management, grid stability, smart grids, ) HVDC systems (inverters, fault correction, partial underground cabling, ) Electrical components (redox-flow, inductive charging, cables, PHIL, ) Accredited High-Voltage Laboratory

3 Agenda PHIL at KIT IEH DUT loop-feedback Advanced Decentral Grid Control Goals and general (PHIL) setup KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Low voltage grid simulation First measurements and experiences

4 PHIL at KIT IEH Software HYPERSIM R o505 1 core activated Planned data interface for long-term grid simulations (.csv) RT-Lab ScopeView Hardware OP5030 Real-Time Simulator OP5607 I/O Expansion Unit, Virtex 7 FPGA Processor 4-Quadrant-Amplifier Spitzenberger & Spiess 3x 10 kva at 270 V rms Current measurement (20 MHz)

5 PHIL at KIT IEH Real-Time since April 2016 Research fields DUT-independent loop-feedback (stability, high resolution) PHIL limitations and possible achievable loop-times Real-Time grid simulation for intelligent households Interaction of inverter active front ends, non-passive loads and PHIL

6 DUT loop-feedback Objectives DUT-independent test environment for active and passive electrical equipment (rapid prototyping) Stable for all test cases without knowledge of DUT 20 khz resolution (grid control, switching operations, short circuits) Analysis of different loop-feedback methods Evaluation via MATLAB/Simulink Implementation via HYPERSIM Control-technological studies

7 DUT loop-feedback Exemplary: Improved Damping Impedance Method, IDIM Impedance adjustment AC Z Sim V I HUT Z ab Z ab A Z* V ZHUT Z U Sim U HUT Source: Implementierung und Entwicklung von Rückkopplungsverfahren für Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Systeme, Pia Brutschin

8 DUT loop-feedback Exemplary: Improved Damping Impedance Method, IDIM Source: Implementierung und Entwicklung von Rückkopplungsverfahren für Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Systeme, Pia Brutschin

9 DUT loop-feedback Exemplary: Improved Damping Impedance Method, IDIM stable case unstable case Source: Implementierung und Entwicklung von Rückkopplungsverfahren für Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Systeme, Pia Brutschin

10 DUT loop-feedback Next: Parallel implementation of methods with adequate decisive criteria Interface Algorithm Accuracy Stability Implementation Limitations ITM (voltage source) ITM (current source) Stable for RL loads; Z sim < Z DUT Stable for RC loads; Z sim > Z DUT PCD Stable; exact for Z ab Z DUT ; Z ab Z sim DIM Inexact if Z Z DUT TLM Adjustion of Z ab to the system TFA Algorithm adjustment to DUT needed Taganrog Weighting of parameters as trade-off between stability and accuracy

11 PHIL loop times PHIL system i, v Simulated low voltage grid v I/O controller Device Under Test / KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Total loop-time to achieve: 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Real-Time Simulation

12 PHIL loop times PHIL system i, v t SIM 10 µs Simulated low voltage grid v I/O controller Device Under Test / KIT Energy Smart Home Lab 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Real-Time Simulation Total loop-time to achieve: A/D grid calculation D/A 10 µs

13 PHIL loop times PHIL system t 4QS 8 µs i, v Simulated low voltage grid v I/O controller Device Under Test / KIT Energy Smart Home Lab 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Real-Time Simulation Total loop-time to achieve: A/D grid calculation D/A Voltage output (4QA) 10 µs 8 µs

14 PHIL loop times PHIL system i, v t MEAS 2 µs Simulated low voltage grid v I/O controller Device Under Test / KIT Energy Smart Home Lab 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Real-Time Simulation Total loop-time to achieve: A/D grid calculation D/A Voltage output (4QA) Meas 10 µs 8 µs 2 µs

15 PHIL loop times PHIL system i, v t TOT 20 µs Simulated low voltage grid v I/O controller Device Under Test / KIT Energy Smart Home Lab 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Real-Time Simulation Total loop-time to achieve: A/D grid calculation D/A Voltage output (4QA) Meas 10 µs 8 µs 2 µs 20 µs

16 PHIL loop times Software Theoretically possible temporal resolution t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_o t_i t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_calc t_i t_i t_i t_i t_i t_i t_i t_i t_i N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O t_o t_o t_o t_o t_o t_o t_o t_o t_o N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O Step size: 10 µs time / µs 10 HW Loop t_o t_4qs t_v t_i t_o t_4qs t_v t_i t_o t_4qs t_v t_i t_o t_4qs t_v t_i N/O N/O N/O N/O SW fpga fpga SW t_calc t_o t_o t_4qs t_v t_i t_i t_calc t_o t_o t_4qs t_v t_i t_i t_calc t_o N/O N/O N/O N/O SW fpga fpga SW t_calc t_o t_o t_v t_i t_i t_calc t_o t_o t_v t_i t_i N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O N/O T = 40 µs T = 50 µs

17 Advanced Decentral Grid Control Increasing energy production in LV grids New prosumers in LV grids Challenges Reactive power provision and voltage stability Congestion handling Spinning reserve and short circuit power LV grids have to get active Source: Project Advanced Decentral Grid Control

18 Advanced Decentral Grid Control Conception of future energy grids Coordination of producers, storage & flex. consumers Provision of ancillary services Grid development and state estimation Grid stability in critical situations (traffic light concept) Key facts Funding: Zukunftsfähige Stromnetze of the BMWi Project term: July 2015 June 2018 Our approach: Integration of hard- and software components into one testbed for low voltage systems Proof of concept and system KIT Laboratory Energy Smart Home Lab Field test Baden-Württemberg, Germany Source: Project Advanced Decentral Grid Control

19 ICT Grid KIT Energy Smart Home Lab LV Grid Advanced Decentral Grid Control Distributed Generation Intelligent Buildings Hybrid Energy Storage System Artificial Mains Network DG DG DG PV System PV Simulator MicroCHP Appliances Heating, ventilation, and airconditioning Building Energy Management System Batterystorage Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Control System Signal Processing 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Artificial Mains Network Calculation External Entities Source: Establishing a hardware-in-the-loop research environment with a hybrid energy storage system, 2016 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia (ISGT-Asia)

20 KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Intelligent appliances Hot water storage with insert heating element µchp Bedroom 2 Bedroom 1 Kitchen Living room Technical room A/C EV charging station Smart Meter PV inverter 4-Quadrant- Amplifier Electric Vehicle Hybrid electrical energy storage PV Simulator Source: KIT Energy Smart Home lab,

21 KIT Energy Smart Home Lab Distributed Generation PV panels 24x Sovello SV-T kwp PV inverter SMA Sunny Tripower STP 10000TL kva, 3-phase PV simulator ET System LAB/SMS kwp CHP SenerTec Dachs G 5.5 standard 5.5 kw electrical, 12.5 kw thermal Appliances Home appliances Heating and Air-conditioning System Miele: coffee machine, dishwasher, dryer, hob, oven, washing machine; Liebherr: deep freezer, refrigerator; other: microwave, water kettle, toaster Insert heating element Eltra 2NP kw Air-conditioning inverter Mitsubishi PUHZ-RP60VHA4 6 kw cooling capacity Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage System Battery 12x Hoppecke power.com HC kwh (three hour discharge) EDLC 5x SPS MCE0010C0-0090R0TBA kws (per module) Source: Establishing a hardware-in-the-loop research environment with a hybrid energy storage system, 2016 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia (ISGT-Asia)

22 Low voltage grid simulation Real-time simulation of exemplary LV grids Provision of predefined grid setups Facilitate highly dynamic interactions of Energy Smart Home Lab (ESHL) and simulated grid Address voltage quality & frequency issues Grid overloads / overvoltage / undervoltage Frequency changes (multiple ESHL instances) Asymmetrical loads Mains errors

23 Low voltage grid simulation Weak grid Frequency change / asymmetrical load Line Fault 1-phase / 3phase Hz 50 V V

24 First measurements V_4QA Switching operation between stiff and artificial LV grid (ScopeView) V_Grid V_ESHL I_4QA Grid to 4QA ESHL running on 4QA 4QA to Grid

25 First measurements Simulating a weak grid with the 4-quadrant-amplifier 3-phase voltages Active & reactive power Source: Establishing a hardware-in-the-loop research environment with a hybrid energy storage system, 2016 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia (ISGT-Asia)

26 THANK YOU Sebastian Hubschneider, M.Sc. Research Associate Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Electric Energy Systems and High-Voltage Technology (IEH) Phone: