P.1 CONTENTS. Industrial Earth Leakage Protection. Page

Transcription

1 Industrial earth leakage protection P 1 P.1.01 GB

2 CONTENTS Page Introduction 3 Earth leakage protection 4 Immunized earth leakage protection 5 Measurement in TRMS and Class A 6 Immunity against transient events 7 High frequency current filtering 7 I n setting at 85 % 8 Inverse curve 8 Remote control and self- resetting 9 Monitoring the protection 9 WG Series earth leakage relays with external transformer CBS-4 / CBS-8 Multipoint earth leakage relays WN Series earth leakage relays with external transformer 14 WGBU Differential transformers with front side 15 WRU / WRN Earth leakage relays with built in transformer Dimensions / Connections 18 P1-2

3 CIRCUTOR offers you the protection you require Protection and continuity of electrical supply are two terms which cannot be separated if we want to guarantee the safety of users and electrical installations. The increasing inclusions of receivers or loads which generate distortion in the electrical system make the use of protection necessary. These must discriminate between faults in the installation and electrical disturbances which simulate faults, creating unforeseen tripping of the protection. The new range of earth leakage protection includes the highest performance to guarantee continuity and safety: Measurement true effective value High-frequency filtering Delay by inverse curve (instant and selective) Setting the trip to rated sensitivity Display of default current Monitoring the status of the protection allows: Knowing the installation s status Prevention and maintenance in an installation Reducing production downtime Decresing maintenance Rapid fault finding Immunized protection Monitoring remote control self-resetting Immunized protection Monitoring Immunized protection Protection 4 forms of earth leakage protection P1-3

4 Earth leakage protection Sensor (transformer): current transformer which detects earth leakage current in the installation s active conductors, giving a proportional signal to the relay. This may be geometrical, toroidal or rectangular, according to the layout of the plates or cabling which have been installed. For those sensors to work perfectly, passage through the conductors has to be as central as possible. When a faulty current is present in the electrical installation being protected, the earth protection equipment will work breaking the circuit and interrupting the electrical energy supply. This prevents danger when the faulty current reaches dangerous values which may electrocute people, either by direct or indirect contact and damaging property. An earth leakage protection comprises three very different parts: Sensor (transformer) Relay Breaking element Relay: this is the intelligent part of the protection, the brain. It prepares and handles the signal delivered from the transformer and decides if it has to give a trip signal or not to the associated breaking element, depending on the preset sensitivity values and delay time. Breaking element: This part back the up the current being cut. It may be a switch, an overload switch or contactor, etc. These three parts may be found in different confi gurations in CIRCUTOR products: All parts separated. Relay which includes an internal transformer. P1-4

5 Immunized Earth Leakage Protection Different loads or consumption in an installation may be classifi ed into two broad groups depending on the type of earthing immunized: Nowadays it is common to have inopportune and unexpected trips in the installations. In these situations can be produced a trip of an earth leakage relay, or the simultaneous trips of several relays that are protecting an installation can appear. The reason is the presence of leakage currents through the earth conductor produced by capacitive effects in the installation. These capacitive effects are caused by two main reasons: The wiring of the installation produces the effect of an earthed capacitor. As longer as the wiring is, higher capacitive effect will be obtained. The capacitors of the EMI filters, that are used in the equipment with electronic regulation of Power phase Loads without earthing capacitors. The immunized between the equipment and the ground may be represented by a pure ohm resistance. If resistance is sufficiently high, current does not earth. Leakage current is zero (earth current under normal operating conditions). If an immunized fault occurs, the current would then earth. This is called an earth current fault (I d ). See Fig.1 Loads without earthing capacitors: earth In this case an earth current is produced by the equipment operating via its capacitors. Also, the length of the cables in an electrical installation may create capacitive earthing effects which would give rise to this sort of situation. There are two types of injecting this current. Fig.1 - Permanent leakages. The equipment permanently injects an earth current. This type of behaviour is very closely linked to the use of EMI filters which are built into the majority of electronically power controlled machines or loads in order to comply with the electro-magnetic compatibility directives. This type of filter prevents high frequency distortion generated by the receiver being returned to the system. Nevertheless it stems from the earth capacitors. It indirectly stems from the fundamental frequency and their corresponding harmonics in such a way that the leakage is usually a superimposition of high and low frequency. Therefore this increases the risk of an earth leakage trip without having an actual faulty earth current. See Fig.2 Fig.2 P1-5

6 Transient leakages phase The cables and the fi lters have the same capacitive effects as mentioned above due to transient over-voltages caused by system switching, circuit connection-disconnection or simply from the lightiyng. For loads with earth capacitors, the basic problem for protection is to discern which earth current corresponds to the operation of the equipment itself and which earth current corresponds to an immunized fault. The electro-mechanical earth leakage relays do not usually resolve this type of situation. CIRCUTOR s immunized earth leakage protection has been developed on the basis of fi ve factors to be able to meet our customers current requirements in terms of safety and continuity of electrical supply: MEASUREMENT IN TRMS AND CLASS A IMMUNITY AGAINST TRANSIENT EVENTS HIGH FREQUENCY FILTERING I n TRIP SETTING INVERSE CURVE earth Fig.3 Measurement in TRMS and A class Nowadays there are voltage and current wave forms which are no longer completely senoidal due to the fact that the loads distributed within the installation are not lineal. The appearance of continuous components and harmonics distort the waveforms and force a more rigorous measurement procedure. Electronic earth leakage determines the true effective value of the leakage current by sampling it. Waveforms in lineal, resistive loads are purely senoidal. On the other hand, as can be seen in the diagram, when they are no longer completely senoidal, the average value is no longer useful for measuring effective value with any degree of accuracy. In order to solve this problem the earth leakage standards IEC determine the operating types for this waveform. There are two classes; Class AC and Class A. CLASS AC Earth leakage protection used here is for domestic situations or for protecting loads which do not produce AC distortions. The earth leakage protectors are marked with a symbol under the IEC standard. CLASS A If there are non lineal receivers present, earth leakage protection has to be type A. This means that they can measure d.c. components up to 6 ma, as well as non distorted currents (Type AC). They are marked with the corresponding IEC standard. P1-6

7 Immunized against transient events The IEC standard defi nes two types of lightning strike curves to be able to check the proper operation of the earth leakage protection: overcurrent wave and overvoltage wave. The overcurrent wave sees the effects produced in the measurements from the earth leakage device.the measurements from the overvoltage device are seen in the power supply. The behaviour of the earth leakage protection when the transient overvoltages and overcurrent occur is very important in the maintenance of continuity of supply. For this reason CIRCUTOR immunized earth leakage protection relays are capable of withstanding signifi cant peaks. Current Curve 8 / 20 µs: 5 ka Voltage Curve 1,2 / 50 µs: 4 kv High frequency current The IEC / UNE standard indicates the effects of a current passing through the human body at a frequency of 50 Hz. As can be seen, the effect depends on the effective value of the current through the body and the time which it happens. Given these effects, safety zones are set as area 1 (no perception area) and area 2 (perception area). Therefore earth leakage protection must operate in these areas to protect people. Delay time Duration of current-fl ow (ms) a -Perception threshold b -Non releasing threshold c1 / c2 / c3 -Fibrillation threshold 1 - No perception 2 - Perception 3 - Reversible effects. Muscular tetany 4 - Possible irreversible effects Current passing through the body (ma) Sensitivity When the frequency is increased the curves are moved to the right on the previous graph indicating that the current is less dangerous. See the attached table according to IEC 479-2/ UNE , indicating that a fault current of 45 ma at 300 Hz as a same effect as a 30 ma at 50 Hz, for example. For receivers with the EMI filters, it may be considered that these inject a high-frequency earth current (>2 khz) and a low frequency current. In this situation, class A Earth leakage protection devices is advised Frequency factor f f Frequency f P1-7

8 I n Settings The IEC standard specifies that both leakage switches must trip when the leak current is between 50% and 100% of the selected sensitivity value (I n ). This means that above 50% the earth leakage switch may trip. This usually occurs in electromagnetic types. As stated previously, electrical installations have developed in such a way that this protection setting creates large problems by being too low installations. CIRCUTOR electronic earth leakage protection sets the trip at around 100% of I n. Therefore there is less risk of tripping and therefore fewer cut outs in the installation when the default current is less than I n. Earth leakage current I d Time, t 100 % I n 100 % I n 50 % I n Earth leakage current I d Time, t 85 % I n As can be seen in the two graphs, the earth leakage switch behaves differently during the same development of a faulty earthing current, although the I n sensitivity level is the same in both cases. This I n setting allows more loads to be concentrated including earth capacitors on the same line to be protected; for example, in a Pc line. Each PC creates a 2 ma leakage current through its built in EMI filters in the capacitors. For a 30 ma I n sensitivity setting, seven PC may be installed with electromechanical earth leakage switches, but with CIRCUTOR Electronics type, 12 PC may be installed. Inverse curve The IEC allows the option of delaying the breaking action, depending on the leakage current level. Therefore with a higher faulty current the delay will be less. Two types of curve are specifi ed defi ned in the table below: Instant Selective When these curves are applied in our earth leakage protection, continuity of supply may be increased to avoid unforeseen tripping in the installation. t I d I n Standardised operating time values (s) Type I n (A) I n 2. I n 5. I n 500 A Instant All values 0,3 0,15 0,04 0,04 Selective > 0,03 0,5 0,2 0,15 0,15 Maximums P1-8

9 In many applications, the value of the leakage current should be known at all times. This information is very useful for preventive and corrective maintenance in the installation, because action may be taken before a trip occurs. For example,if the electrical insulation of a production machine becomes degradated, the earth leakage current will increase. If this information is known, suitable corrective actions may be taken to avoid tripping. The idea is to build earth leakage currents into the installation s energy control system as one more parameter to be checked. Information may be presented in various ways depending on the type of product: In the earth leakage relay display. Via RS-485 Communications. Using auxiliary measurement equipment. It is also possible to carry out recordings and histogrammes of the installation s behaviour. Monitoring the protection Remote control and self-resetting When earth leakage protections are required in installations with continuous electrical energy supply, but where there are no maintenance staff, remote control and selfresetting (or self-reclosing) is very useful. Remote control is possible through communications (RS-485, Ethernet, etc.), using the CIRCUTOR's PowerStudio Scada software. This consists in checking the status of a protection and using it via a computer and communications. P1-9

10 Earth leakage relay with external transformer, WG Series Breaking element status monitoring Display to monitor: - Sensitivity - Delay time - Instant leakage current - Trip leakage current (red backlight when trip occurs) RS-485 Communications (MODBUS protocol) (*) RGU-10 Electronic relay Type Display Size Mounting Communications / n (A) Delay Code RGU-10 Display 3 modules DIN rail - Parameter setting via rotating menu. 5 buttons Display in TRMS: - Instant leakage current. - Trip leakage current. 0,03 3 A 0,03 30 A (PROGRAMMING) 2 signalling LED s - ON / Fault trip - Pre-alarm Test and Reset buttons 0, s, INS, SEL P11941 RGU-10C Display 3 modules DIN rail RS-485 (*) according to type 0,03 3 A 0,03 30 A (PROGRAMMING) 0, s, INS, SEL P11944 RGU GU-72D RGE Other electronic relays Display Size Mounting / n (A) Delay Type Code LED 2 modules DIN rail 0,03 0,02 s RGE-0,03 P12201 LED 2 modules DIN rail 0,3 0,02 s RGE-0,3 P12211 LED 2 modules DIN rail 0, , s RGE-R1 P12231 LED 2 modules DIN rail 0, , s RGE-R P12231 LED 4 modules DIN rail 0, , s RGU P12011 LED 4 modules DIN rail 0, ,02...1s RGUL 0,03-30 P12041 Display 72 x 72 panel 0, , GU-72D P12311 Display 72 x 72 panel 0, , GUL-72D P12321 Earth leakage transformers, WG Series Weight (g) Useful diameter (mm) Type Code ø WGS-20 P ø WGS-30 P ø WG-35 P ø WG-70 P ø WG-105 P ø WG-140 P ø WG-210 P x175 WG-70 x 175 P x305 WG-115 x 305 P x350 WG-150 x 350 P x500 WG-200 x 500 P10119 P1-10

11 Operating features Protection Class Measuring Sensitivity RGE 0,03 / 0,3 / 0,5 / R / R1 RGU-10 / RGU-10C RGU / RGUL GU72-D / GUL-72D 0,03 A / 0,30 A / 0,50 A / 0,03 3 A (R1) / 0,03 5 A (R) A superimmunized True effective value (TRMS) 0,03 3 A 0,03 30 A (PROGAMATION) Delay 0,02 / 0,02 1 s (R1) / 0,02 5 s (R) Defi ned time: 0,02 10 s Inverse curve: Instant or selective Differential transformer External WG Series Test and Reset Using built in buttons, T & R Remote control Possible external test Associated breaking element Contactor or circuit breaker + trip coil LEd indicator In voltage. Trip from leakage. External Trans disconnection. Pre-alarm (R-R1). Display - Remote signalling - Breaking element control In voltage. Trip from leakage. External Trans disconnection. Pre-alarm. Trip leakage current (red backlight when trip occurs) Parameter programming. Instant trip current. External Trans disconnection. Pre-alarm. Parameter display via RS485 communications (RGU-10C). 0,03 3 A 0,03 30 A (RGUL) In voltage. Trip from leakage. Pre-alarm. Via switched relay NO/NC according to breaking element connection. 0,02 1 s 0,03 3 A 0,03 10 A (GUL-72D) - Instant trip current Leakage control signal (proportional alternating voltage) Features Electrical features Auxiliary power supply 230 V a.c. (± 20%) 50 / 60 Hz (*) Output contacts 250 V a.c. 6 A Operating temperature -10 ºC / + 50 ºC Mechanical features Mounting DIN rail Panel Dimensions 2 modules 3 modules 4 modules 72 x 72 mm Weight 163 g 236 g 261 g 349 g Protection grade Terminals: IP 20, Front side: IP 41 (*) Other values, on request Accesories 5 A PA-TC/WG P19921 Adapter panel for RGU-10 and CBS-4 P1-11

12 CBS-4 / CBS-8 Multipoint earth leakage relay The CBS-4 / CBS-8 are multipoint earth leakage relays. They archieve simultaneous control of 4/8 points. 4 / 8 Class A earth leakage protection programmable relays Frequency fi ltering Disconnection delay via Inverse curve Independent programming per channel Reduction of unforeseen tripping Increases the continuity of the production process Reduce space Number of relays Relay operation I n (A) Delay Type Code 4 Protection 0, Programmable CBS-4 P Protection 0, Programmable CBS-8 P12811 FEATURES CBS-4 CBS-8 Protection Earth leakage Number of protection 4 8 Class A superimmunized Measuring True effective value (TRMS) Sensitivity Delay 0,03 30 A Defi ned time: 0,02 10 s Inverse curve : Instant or selective Diferential transformer External, WG / WGP Series transformers Test and Reset Using built in buttons, T & R Associated breaking element Contactor o circuit breaker + trip coil Self-reclosing Number of reclosures Option for programming 0 10 Time between reclosures Option for programming s Return to zero time of partial counter Double of reconnection time LED indicator Display Remote signalling (outputs) Remot signalling contact Communications Breaking element control In voltage Trip from leakage Prealarm Sealed earth leakage reclosure Self-reclosure enabled (CBS-8 only) RS-485 Communication 0,03 6 A with external transformers WG / WGS 0,03 60 A with external transformers WGP / WGPS Defi ned time: 0,02 10 s Intensive curve: Instant or selective. Trip leakage current (red backlight when trip occurs). Display of instant leakage level in each channel. Parameter programming. Reclosure status. External transf. disconnected display (CBS-4 only). Self-reclosing enabled (CBS-4 only) Configurable output NO/NC on pre-alarm Confi gurable output NO/NC on pre-alarm display display/sealing (model with reclosure) Option for RS-485 communications. Supervision Software and POWERSTUDIO remote control NC (normally open). One relay per channel. NO/NC switched according to connection with breaking element. One relay per channel P1-12

13 Display in TRMS: - Instant trip current - Leakage current trip (red backlight when trip occurs) CBS-4 CBS-8 Electrical features Auxiliary power supply 230 V a.c.. (±20 %) Hz Output contacts 250 V a.c. 5 A Operating temperature -10 o C / +50ºC Mechanical features Mounting DIN rail Dimensions 3 modules 8 modules Weight 236 g 609 g Protection grade Terminals: IP 20, Front side: IP 41 Standards IEC , IEC 755, IEC CBS-4 2 signalling LED s - ON / Fault trip - Pre-alarm / Reclosure status Connection display with associated breaking element for earth leakage protection Test and Reset buttons Parameter display: - Sensitivity - Delay - Channel to be set. Option for RS-485 communications. MODBUS protocol. Displays programming values, leak values, and each channel status. Parameter setting via a rotating menu. 5 buttons. Accesories 5 A WGP differential transformers P1-13

14 Earth leakage relays with external transformer, WN Series WN Series, differential transformer Weight Useful diameter (mm) Type Code 82 g 20 ø WNS-20 P g 30 ø WNS-30 P g 35 ø WN-35 P g 70 ø WN-70 P g 105 ø WN-105 P g 140 ø WN-140 P g 210 ø WN-210 P10215 RN Series, electronic relay Display Mechanism I n (A) Delay (s) Type Code LED electronic 0,03 0,02 RN-0,03 P12101 LED electronic 0,3 0,02 RN-0,3 P12111 LED electronic 0, , RN-R1 P12131 LED electronic 0, , RN-R P12132 Features Serie RN Protection Class Measuring Sensitivity Delay Diferential transformers Test and Reset Associated breaking element LED indicator Breaking element control Remote control Earth leakage A Superimmunized True effective value (TRMS) 0,03 A 0,30 A 0,03 3 A (R1) 0,03 5 A (R) 0,02 s 0,02 1 s (R1) 0,02 5 s (R) External, WN Series transformers Using built in buttons, T & R Contactor or Overload+ trip coil In voltage Trip from leakage External transformer disconnection Pre-alarm (R - R1) Via switched relay NO/NC according to connection with breaking element External test option Electrical features Auxiliary power supply 230 V a.c. (± 20%) Hz Output contacts 250 V a.c. 6 A Operating temperature -10 ºC / +50 ºC Mechanical features Mounting DIN rail Dimensions 2 modules Weight 163 g Protection grade Terminals: IP 20, Front side: IP 41 Standards IEC , IEC 755, IEC Accesories 5 A PA-TC/WG P19921 P1-14

15 Display Weight (g) Earth leakage transformers with built-in relay, WGBU Series WGBU Useful diameter (mm) I n (A) Delay (s) Type Code LED , , s (*) WGBU-35 P16011 LED , , s (*) WGBU-70 P16012 LED , , s (*) WGBU-105 P16013 LED , , s (*) WGBU-140 P16014 LED , , s (*) WGBU-210 P16015 (*) When sensitivity is adjusted at 0.03 A, tripping delay becames 0,02 s. WGBU o mounted relay. Reduces mounting space. Display Weight (g) Useful diameter (mm) I n (A) Delay (s) Type Code LED , , s (*) WGBU P16021 LED , , s (*) WGBU P16022 LED , , s (*) WGBU P16023 LED , , s (*) WGBU P16024 LED , , s (*) WGBU P16025 (*) When sensitivity is adjusted at 0.03 A, tripping delay becames 0,02 s. Features Protection Class Measuring Sensiitivity Delay Diferential transformers Test and Reset Associated breaking element LED indicator Remote control (inputs) Breaking element control WGBU Earth leakage A superimmunized True effective value (TRMS) 0, A 0, s External, WN Series transformers Using built in button Contactor or Overload+ trip coil In voltage Trip from leakage Pre-alarm External test option Via switched relay NO/NC according to connection with breaking element Electrical features WGBU Auxiliary power supply 230 V a.c. (± 20 %) Hz Output contacts 250 V a.c. 6 A Operating temperature -10 ºC / +50 ºC Mechanical features Mounting Panel / DIN rail Dimensions According to type Weight According to type Protection grade Terminals: IP 20, Front side: IP 41 Standards IEC , IEC 755, IEC P1-15

16 Display Useful diameter (mm) Earth leakage relays with built-in transformer WRU Series, earth leakage relay I n (A) Delay Type Code LED 25 0, , s (*) WRU-25 P14011 LED 35 0, , s (*) WRU-35 P14021 (*) When sensitivity is ajusted at 0.03 A, tripping delay is 0 s WRN-22 Series, earth leakage relay INPUT OUTPUT WRN-22 earth leakage is a very interesting solution for those solutions where high level protection is required, but where space is at a premium. In this situation any MCCB on the market may be used as a breaking element for earth leakage protection solely by associating it with an emission coil (if available) The following features are highlighted: Type A Measurement in TRMS Built-in transformer Ø = 22 mm Sensitivity: 10 ma a 300 ma, according to type Delay time: Fixed at 20 ms Voltage presence detection Suitable for installations up to 63 A Small size: 3 modules 230 V a.c. output. May be associated with any 2 pole, 3 pole or 4 pole overload protection device Display Useful diameter (mm) I n (A) Delay Type Code LED 22 0,03 0,02 s WRN-22-0,03 P14211 LED 22 0,3 0,02 s WRN-22-0,3 P14212 LED 22 0,01 0,02 s WRN-22-0,01 P14214 Breaking element: Overload + trip coil P1-16

17 Features Protection Class Measuring WRU-25 WRU-35 WRN-22 0,01/0,03/0,3 Earth leagake A superimmunized True effective value (TRMS) Sensitibity 0, A 0,01 A 0,03 A 0,30 A Delay 0, s 0,02 s Diferential transformer Internal Test and Reset Using built in buttons, T & R Associated breaking element Contactor or circuit breaker + trip coil Circuit breaker + trip coil Signalling in the relay Remote signalling (outputs) Remote control (inputs) Breaking element control Power Trip from leakage Prealarm Leakage control signal (proportional a.c. voltage) Test External Via switched relay NO/NC according to connection with breaking element Power Trip from leakage - - Voltage 230 V a.c. Electrical features Auxiliary power supply 230 V a.c. (± 20 %) Hz Output contacts 250 V a.c. 6 A - Operating temperature - 10 o C / +50 ºC Mechanical features Mounting Din rail Dimensions 4 modules 6 modules 3 modules Weight 228 g 403 g 146 g Protection grade Terminals: IP 20, Front side: IP 41 Standards IEC 1008, IEC 255-5, UNE 801-2, UNE 801-3, UNE 801-4, UNE Accesories 5 A WGP differential transformers (Only for CBS-8) Useful diameter (mm) Type Code 20 ø WGSP-20 P ø WGSP-30 P ø WGP-35 P ø WGP-70 P ø WGP-105 P ø WGP-140 P ø WGP-210 P10125 Useful diameter (mm) Type Code 70x175 WGP-70x175 P x305 WGP-115x305 P x350 WGP-150x350 P10128 Blinding toroidal pipe Type TT-35 TT-70 TT-105 TT-140 TT-210 Code P19911 P19912 P19913 P19914 P19915 P1-17

18 Dimensions / Connections RGE / RN RGU-10 RGU GU-72 P1-18

19 Dimensions / Connections WG / WGP / WN Type A B C D E WG ,5 35 WG WG WG , WG Type A B C D E F G H I WG-70 X ,5 WG-115 X WG-150 X Type A B C D E F G H I WG-200 X WGS / WGSP / WNS WRN-22 CBS-4 CBS P1-19

20 Dimensions / Connections WRU-25 WRU-35 WGBU WGBU-90 Type A B C D E WGBU ,5 35 WGBU WGBU WGBU , WGBU Type A B C D E WGBU ,5 35 WGBU WGBU WGBU , WGBU P1-20