ELECTRICAL INSTALLER EXAMINATION 18 November 2017 QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOKLET

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1 Candidate Code No. EIN15 For Board Use Only Result Date Int Result Date Int ELECTRICAL INSTALLER EXAMINATION 18 November 2017 QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOKLET INSTRUCTIONS READ CAREFULLY Time Allowed: Three hours You have 10 minutes to read this paper but do not start writing until you are told to do so by the supervisor. Write your Candidate Code Number in the box provided above. Your name must NOT appear anywhere in this paper. Answer all questions. The pass mark for this examination is 60 marks. Use a pen for written answers. Do not use a pencil or a red pen. Drawing instruments and pencils may be used when diagrams are required. Marks are allocated based on correctness. Do not use correcting fluid or correcting tape. Candidates are not permitted to use any Act, Regulation, Standard, Code of Practice, Handbook or other reference text in this examination. A formulae sheet may be used either included in this paper or separately. PLEASE HAND THIS PAPER TO THE SUPERVISOR BEFORE LEAVING THE ROOM.

2 Question 1 (a) State ONE reason why a single-phase capacitor-start induction motor would be installed instead of a single-phase split-phase motor. (b) (i) What type of starter would control a three-phase induction motor that has six phase cables between the motor and the starter. (1 mark) (ii) State the reason why a three-phase induction motor runs smoother and quieter than a single-phase induction motor. (1 mark) (c) State ONE reason why a PRCD does not automatically reset to restore supply. 2

3 Question 1 continued (d) State TWO factors that determine the severity of electric shock upon the human body. (1) (2) (e) State ONE reason why the metal frame of a 230V, Class I electrical appliance is earthed. (f) State ONE reason why some three-phase final subcircuits do not require neutral conductors when supplying three-phase loads (g) State ONE reason why it is important to consider the rupturing capacity when selecting protective devices for a control centre for an airconditioning system. 3

4 Question 1 continued (h) MCBs are used to protect final subcircuits from two types of faults. State the TWO types of faults. (1) (2) (i) For what reason would you connect a resistor across a circuit after the electricity supply to that circuit has been isolated. (j) A 230V/240V electric heater is rated at 2 kw when operated at 230V. The heater incorporates one 26.45Ω element. Calculate the power output of the heater when supplied at 240V. 4

5 Question 2 Introduction The figure below represents a three-phase, star-connected 400 V, 30 kw commercial oven. The oven is protected by 50 A HRC fuses with a fusing factor (gg Utilisation Category) of 1.5. An earth fault of 6Ω has developed between L1 and the oven frame while the oven is operating. The fault occurred at point X. The earth fault loop impedance is 9.75Ω due to a high resistance termination in the protective earthing conductor. E Element 1 X N L1 Element 2 L2 Element 3 L3 Use the information in the introduction to this question to answer Parts 2(a) and 2(b). (a) Calculate the total current that will flow in L1 under the fault conditions. (5½ marks) 5

6 Question 2 continued (b) (i) Use calculations to show whether the HRC fuse protecting L1 will operate. (ii) Use calculations to show the hazard that exists to the operator of the oven. (2½ marks) 6

7 Question 3 Introduction A 40A RCCB and a 20A MCB protect a 230V final subcircuit supplying 4 socket outlets. Numerous electrical appliances are used from the socket outlets. The MCB has tripped. When the MCB is reset, it trips again when the supply is restored to the circuit. The fault is one of the following: The MCB is overloaded. A faulty electrical appliance. A faulty final sub circuit. Use the information in the introduction to this question to answer parts 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c). (a) The MCB is overloaded (i) Describe how to determine that this is the fault (ii) State how this fault can be remedied. (½ mark) 7

8 Question 3 continued (b) A faulty electrical appliance (i) Describe how to determine that this is the fault (ii) State how this fault can be remedied. (1 mark) 8

9 Question 3 continued (c) A faulty final sub circuit (i) Describe how to determine that this is the fault (3½ marks) (ii) State how this fault can be remedied. (1 mark) 9

10 Question 4 (a) A fixed-wired 400V, 10 kw electrical appliance that is controlled by a lockable isolator and DOL starter needs repairing. The electrical appliance has been isolated and the isolator has been locked and tagged. The appliance cables are still connected to the DOL starter. State TWO precautions which must be taken to ensure the safety of persons and property so the work site can be left unattended. (1) (2) (b) (i) Define the term switched off as it applies to 400V fixed-wired equipment. (1 mark) (ii) Define the term isolated as it applies to 400V fixed-wired equipment. 10

11 Question 4 continued (c) A MCB protects a 230V final subcircuit that supplies a fixed wired, 230V electrical appliance controlled by a lockable isolator. The electrical appliance has been isolated. Describe THREE methods of ensuring that the fixed-wired electrical appliance remains isolated while the work site is left unattended. (3 marks) (1) (2) (3) (d) State the TWO reasons why the prove-test-prove method of testing for isolation is used. (1) (2) 11

12 Question 5 (a) A 30 ma RCD protects a 230V socket outlet final subcircuit. A person is using a Class I electrical appliance from the socket outlet when an earth leakage fault occurs and the earth leakage current flows through the person s body. State ONE reason why the person does not receive a severe electric shock when the earth leakage current flows through their body? (b) A Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) protects a 230V final subcircuit. What causes a RCCB to trip if an earth leakage fault occurs on a 230V final subcircuit. (c) Explain why a RCCB does not operate when there is a short-circuit between active (phase) and neutral in a 230V final subcircuit. 12

13 Question 5 continued (d) (i) State the maximum permitted rated residual current of an RCD installed for personal protection in a medical-electrical installation. (1 mark) (ii) State the maximum permitted rated residual current of an RCD installed for the protection of property. (1 mark) (e) State the full names for the following terms: RCBO SRCD 13

14 Question 6 (a) Draw and label a circuit diagram that shows how a reversing switch can be used to change the direction of rotation of a single-phase, 230V capacitorstart induction motor. (7 marks) (b) State ONE advantage that a single phase, capacitor-start induction motor has when compared to a 230V split-phase induction motor. (1 mark) 14

15 Question 6 continued (c) State TWO methods of phase-splitting used to provide the starting torque in a single-phase induction motor. (1) (2) 15

16 Question 7 (a) When carrying out testing on a 230V final subcircuit, which Standard and section of that Standard details the tests and checks required to be carried out? (1 mark) (b) The two figures below represent the front view of two single-phase socket outlets. Both socket outlets are connected to a standard low voltage supply. (3 marks) AS/NZS 3112 IEC Label the polarity of the socket outlet connections on the figures. Note: You must show the polarity completely correct to gain marks. 16

17 Question 7 continued Note: The voltage tester being used in parts 7(c), 7(d) and 7(e) is operating correctly. (c) You are using the voltage tester on the front of a 230V switched socket outlet to ensure power is present. (3 marks) (i) What voltage would you expect to find with the switch OFF: Between Active Neutral Between Active Earth Between Neutral Earth (ii) What voltage would you expect to find with the switch ON: Between Active Neutral Between Active Earth Between Neutral Earth (d) You are using the voltage tester on the front of a 230V switched socket outlet to ensure power is present and get the following results. Test between Socket Terminals Voltages Switch OFF Voltages Switch ON Active - Neutral 0V 230V Active - Earth 0V 0V Neutral - Earth 0V 0V State TWO reasons why you would get these readings? (1) (2) 17

18 Question 7 continued (e) You are using the voltage tester on the front of a 230V switched socket outlet to ensure power is present and get the following results: Test between Socket Terminals Voltages Switch OFF Voltages Switch ON Active - Neutral 0V 230V Active - Earth 0V 0V Neutral - Earth 230V 230V State the reason why you would get these readings. (1 mark) 18

19 Question 8 (a) The figure below represents the components of a direct-on-line (DOL) starter with a 400V control circuit and a remote stop/start station: L1, L2, and L3 represent the three-phases connected to the main contacts. U, V and W represent the three conductors from the thermal overloads to the motor A are the control circuit fuses B is the hold-in contact C is the 400V coil D is the auxiliary overload contact E is the start button F is the stop button Draw the conductors on the figure to complete a working 400V control circuit A L1 L2 L3 A E B C F D U V W 19

20 Question 8 continued (b) Explain how a a.c. variable speed controller varies the speed when starting a 400V, three-phase, induction motor. (c) Explain how a electronic soft starter varies the speed when starting a 400V, three-phase, induction motor. (d) A 400V, three-phase, induction motor is protected by thermal overloads and HRC fuses. (i) Explain why the thermal overloads are installed to protect the motor. (ii) Explain why the HRC fuses are installed to protect the motor circuit. 20

21 Question 9 (a) (i) State TWO safety features the MEN system provides for an electrical installation. (1) (2) (ii) State TWO hazardous situations that could occur when the MEN system supplies an electrical installation. (1) (2) 21

22 Question 9 continued (b) What type of switchboard must be electrically closest to the point of supply in an MEN electrical installation? (½ mark) (c) In the low voltage MEN system, the neutral is earthed. At which points in the low voltage MEN distribution system is the neutral earthed? (1½ marks) (d) Other than the supply voltage, state TWO other factors that determine the level of the prospective short-circuit current in an electrical installation. (1) (2) 22

23 Question 9 continued (e) Explain why Class II (double-insulated) electrical equipment is not required to be connected to a protective earthing conductor. 23

24 For Candidate s Use For Examiner s Use Only Questions Answered Marks 1 In the box, write the number of EXTRA sheets you have used. Write NIL if you have not used any TOTAL 24

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