The Role of VI Improvers in the Formulation of Fuel Efficient Engine Oils with Long Drain Intervals

Transcription

1 The Role of VI Improvers in the Formulation of Fuel Efficient Engine Oils with Long Drain Intervals Yasushi Naitoh, Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd Frank Lauterwasser, Phil Hutchinson, Christoph Wincierz, Steffen Ulzheimer and David Gray, Inc KSTLE Lubricants SYMPOSIUM October

2 Page 2/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

3 Importance of Fuel Economy Consumer: EPA New Fuel Economy Label KSTLE Lubricants SYMPOSIUM October Page 3/28 Comparable Fuel Economy Source: New Label Gasoline Vehicles, EPA-420-F , May 2011 CO2 Emissions Information Smart phone interac tive tool This new label provides more comprehensive fuel efficiency information and five-year fuel costs or savings compared with the average vehicle, as well as environment impact information

4 Page 4/28 Historical fleet CO2 emissions performance and current or proposed standards Grams CO 2 per Kilometer normalized to NEDC Solid dots and lines: historical performance Solid dots and dashed lines: enacted targets Solid dots and dotted lines: proposed targets Hollow dots and dotted lines: targ et under study S. K orea 2015: 153 Mexico 2016: 173 Canada 2016:170 China 2020: 117 Japan 2020: 105 EU 2020: US 2025:107 US-LDV Canada-LDV [1] China's target reflects gasoline vehicles only. The target may be lower a er new energy vehicles are considered. [2] US, Canada, and Mexico light-duty vehicles include light-commercial vehicles. Source: ICCT, Global Comparison of Light-Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy/GHG Emissions Standards, Update: June 2012 EU Japan China S. Korea Australia Mexico

5 Page 5/28 Historical fleet fuel economy performance and current or proposed standards Miles per Gasoline Gallon norm alized to CAFE Test Cycle Solid dots and lines: historical perform ance Solid dots and dashed lines: enacted targets Solid dots and dotted lines: proposed targets Hollow dots and dotted lines: target under study Korea 2015: 39.3 Mexico 2016: 35.1 Canada 2016: 34.5 EU 2020: 60.6 Japan 2020: 55.1 China 2020 [1] : US 2025 [2] : 49.1 [1] China's target reflects gasoline vehicles only. The target may be higher a er new energy vehicles are considered. [2] US, Canada, and Mexico light-duty vehicles include light-commercial vehicles. US-LDV Canada-LDV EU Japan China S. Korea Australia Mexico Source: ICCT, Global Comparison of Light-Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy/GHG Emissions Standards, Update: June 2012

6 How to Measure Fuel Economy Current Status per Region Speed(km/h)/Oil Temp(C) Speed Oil Temp Time(s) JP mode (Old) Source: Akiyama et.al.,sae City EPA Combined FE = 1/(0.55/FE[City] /FE[Highway]) Spped(km/h)/Oil Temp(C) Speed Oil Temp 1st(Cold) Oil Temp 2nd(Hot) Time(s) JP JC08 mode (Current) Source: Naitoh, SAE Asia 2009 Open Forum, March 4, 2009 KSTLE Lubricants SYMPOSIUM October FE = 1/(0.25/FE[Cold] /FE[Hot]) NEDC Source: Ando, Lubricants Russia 2010 Page 6/28

7 Page 7/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

8 Page 8/28 Which Parameter Influence Fuel Economy Sheared high temperature (KV100) viscosity HTHS at various temperatures KV40 DI package chemistries Friction modifier Viscosity modifier High VI polymers, high VI PAMA Key is viscosity (plus e.g. FM) However, correlation between these parameters and real life improvements in Fuel Economy is not straightforward

9 Page 9/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

10 Page 10/28 Comb Polymer linear star network comb hyperbranched

11 Page 11/28 Improved V/T Performance of Comb vs. PAMA at Same PSSI collapsed PAMA log log (KV/cst +0.8) base oil expanded PAMA log T/K collapsed comb expanded comb

12 Page 12/28 Benefit of the V/T Improvement for Engine Oil Application Lowering viscosity to achieve FE, while keep engine durability

13 Page 13/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

14 Page 14/28 Targets for Blend Study Investigate the role of VI improve to formulate fuel efficient engine oils HTHS limit at 150C 2.6; 2.9; 3.5 mpas NOACK limit DI package A Group III base oil Different VIIs Different SSI Different chemistry Formulated fluids which best Viscosity/Temperature (V/T) performance

15 Page 15/28 Investigated VII for Blend Study VII SSI* Architecture Base stock: Grouplll Comb 4 DI package A PAMA 23, 45 dpama 45 HE-OCP 25 LE-OCP 25 HIS Star 25 * Bosch 30 cycle

16 Page 16/28 Blend Study Part 1 Comb and PAMA lowest KV 40C at given/different HTHS level

17 Page 17/28 Blend Study Part 2 Comb and PAMA lowest KV 100C & HTHSV 100C at given HTHS level

18 Blend Study Part 3 Comb lowest HTHSV 100C at given HTHS level although almost no vis. down by permanent share KSTLE Lubricants SYMPOSIUM October Page 18/28

19 Page 19/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

20 Page 20/28 Car for NEDC Testing Daimler CGI 350

21 Page 21/28 How to Measure Fuel Economy EU: NEDC

22 Page 22/28 Repeatability of Test

23 Page 23/28 Blend Data for NEDC Testing

24 Page 24/28 Fuel Economy Data NEDC

25 Page 25/28 Fuel Economy Improvement vs Oil Viscosity FEI% R 2 = FEI% vs KV100C KV100C,mm 2 /s * All of Oils HTHSV150C were set to 3.5mPa.s FEI% FEI% FEI% vs KV40C R 2 = KV40C, mm 2 /s R 2 = FEI% vs CCSV CCSV-30C, mpa.s

26 Page 26/28 Contents 1) Importance of Fuel Economy 2) Which Parameter Influence FE 3) Comb Polymers 4) Blend Study 5) Results from NEDC FE Testing 6) Summary and Conclusion

27 Page 27/28 Summary and Conclusion FE hot topic for the whole industry from OEM to consumer Different ways to measure FE World harmonized test in the future? Different parameter are important for FE Lowering viscosity is key for FE more accepted through the industry Lower viscosities over viscosity range and keep HTHS level high (high VI) FE ranking: Comb > PAMA > LE-OCP > HIS Star Future: oil is seen as a design element for new engine technologies

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