Dr Joerg Friedel Product Application Specialist Shell Technology Centre Hamburg, Germany
|
|
- Elizabeth Greer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dr Joerg Friedel Product Application Specialist Shell Technology Centre Hamburg, Germany
2 An inhibited transformer oil based on Shell gas-to-liquids (GTL) technology
3 The evolution of hydrocarbon transformer oils 2013 Transformer oils based on GTL technology 1970 Hydrorefining Use of synthetic inhibitors 1980 Use of ester fluids 1960 Use of polychlorinated biphenyls for transformer oils c Sulphuric acid refining
4 Shell GTL transformer oil An inhibited transformer oil based on Shell GTL technology Exceeds the requirements of IEC (high grade)
5 The Shell GTL process Methane + Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon monoxide Fischer Tropsch distillates Water Catalyst Raw natural gas Gas processing CH 4 O 2 Synthesis gas manufacturing Syngas Fischer Tropsch synthesis CO + 2H 2 CH 2 Products Ethane LPG Condensate 120,000 bbl/d Conversion of natural gas to clean, high-quality liquid products using proven technology GTL naphtha GTL kerosene GTL gas oil GTL NP GTL base oils 140,000 bbl/d
6 Current uses of GTL products Diesel fuel Low emissions, biodegradable GTL products: Light GTL fractions Kerosene/naphtha Aviation, heating Turbine oils Thermally stable, excellent surface properties GTL products: GTL base oils Passenger car engine oils Shell PurePlus technology Transformer oils
7 Typical data showing the properties that differentiate Shell transformer oil Standard IEC Table 2 + Section 7.1 Density at 20 C, kg/m³ ISO 3675 max Kinetic viscosity at 40 C, mm²/s ISO 3104 max. 12 9,6 Kinetic viscosity at 30 C, mm²/s ISO 3104 max. 1, Flashpoint PM, C ISO 2719 min Pour point, C ISO 3016 max Total sulphur content, mg/kg ASTM D 5185 max. 500 <1 DBPC content, % Volatility 107 C, 22 h, wt% ASTM D Dielectric dissipation factor (DDF) at 90 C IEC max <0.001 Oxidation stability (500 h/120 C) IEC 61125C Total acidity, mg KOH/g max Sludge, wt% max <0.01 DDF at 90 C max
8 Transformer oil requirements Dissipate heat High heat conductivity (9% higher)* Low viscosity in the cold (200 mm²/s lower at 30 C)* Electrical insulation High impulse breakdown voltage (approximately 50 kv higher)* Low conductivity Protection Prevention of copper corrosion (<1 ppm sulphur) Maintaining low acidity to protect paper insulation Diagnostic information Detect impurities via measurement of interfacial tension Detect heat or electrical issues using dissolved gas analysis (DGA) Ageing resistance must be maintained over the oil s lifetime. Therefore, oxidation stability is key (GTL based oil has five times higher oxidation stability)* *Shell GTL transformer oil compared with inhibited naphthenic oil
9 Base fluids Changes and challenges High-performance base fluid, consistent in supply, composition and performance Inhibited insulating oils Very low sulphur content Demanding design of transformers Compactness, load, voltage, efficiency Higher stress on insulating oil and paper Increased severity in operation and higher reliability of transformers Ambient and high oil temperatures, service life, protection
10 Resistance to degradation Inhibited GTL versus conventional uninhibited oil IEC 61125C The induction period is reached when the volatile acidity significantly exceeds 0.1 mg KOH/g Inhibited GTL Uninhibited conventional oil Inhibited oils show predictable and best resistance to degradation Monitoring antioxidant concentration gives an indication of the oil condition before significant quantities of acids develop and potentially attack the insulating paper
11 Shell GTL transformer oil s cooling properties Customer transformer trials* showed comparable or better cooling properties for GTL-based oils compared with conventional oils GTL-based oils have a higher heat transfer coefficient than naphthenic-based oils for laminar and turbulent flow, although the differences are small Modelling showed the advantages of GTL-based oil, especially under high-stress conditions The parameters influencing cooling properties are Specific heat capacity Thermal conductivity Viscosity Density *Customer trials run by equipment manufacturers and utilities
12 Superior oxidation stability Oxidation stability test IEC 61125C Induction period IEC (0.1 mg KOH/g volatile acid) GTL inhibited Naphthenic, inhibited Naphthenic, uninhibited ,000 Typical RPVOT results (min.) ASTM D 2112: Naphthenic inhibited transformer oil 405 min GTL inhibited transformer oil 750 min
13 Resistance to degradation GTL inhibited oil versus conventional inhibited oil UIEC C extended oxidation stability test Test run for standard 500 h. When the inhibitor content fell to approx 50% of initial value, the antioxidant was topped up to initial level (refer to IEC 60422); later regular inhibitor topping up. Test run for approx 2,180 h (more than four times the usual duration) Extended resistance to degradation in normal service and when reinhibited.
14 Resistance to degradation GTL inhibited oil versus conventional inhibited oil GTL inhibited oil Acidity 0.18 mg KOH/g Sludge <0.01 wt% Oil loss 0 wt% Naphthenic inhibited oil Acidity 0.96 mg KOH/g Sludge <0.01 wt% Oil loss 24 wt% Results from Shell data
15 Electrical properties Lightning impulse breakdown Lightning impulse breakdown voltage testing Needle-plane and needle-sphere electrode configurations (gap typically 25 mm, using positive and negative impulses 4 kj; 50 µs) Testing at the University of Manchester, UK GTL inhibited oil and naphthenic inhibited oil (water content <10 ppm)
16 Electrical properties Lightning impulse breakdown Needle sphere (IEC method A) 300 ml oil Steel needle tip radius 7 2 μm ellipse Brass sphere electrode 12.5 mm diameter Needle plane 12.5 L oil Tungsten needle tip radius 50 ±5 μm Brass plane electrode 200 mm diameter
17 Shell GTL transformer oil offers highvoltage impulse stability GTL transformer oil offers higher resistance than naphthenic oils against high-voltage impulses caused by lightning or switching because of its low aromatic content mm gap Naphthenic GTL Needle - sphere +ve Needle - sphere -ve Needle - plane +ve Needle - plane -ve Source: University of Manchester Average breakdown voltage in kilovolts (gap 25 mm unless specified; 4 kj; 50 µs)
18 Foaming and air release improved 10 seconds shaking to incorporate air Classic naphthenic oil New GTL-based oil Classic naphthenic oil New GTL-based oil
19 Comparison flash point COC and evaporation loss Significantly higher flash point and reduced volatility provides additional safety GTL Diala S4 ZX-I Paraffinic Oil Naphthenic Diala S2 ZX-U C Evaporation loss ASTM D h at 107 C ASTM D h at 250 C Naphthenic oil 26% 100% GTL 0.75% 40%
20 Water saturation versus temperature No significant difference in water solubility compared with conventional transformer oils (Measurement Schering Institute, Vaisala Humicap MM 70)
21 Comparison with mineral-based transformer oils Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) Failure detection Material compatibility Water solubility Compatibility with naphthenic oils GTL-based transformer oil DGA interpretations can use same tools as for traditional hydrocarbon oils (e.g., with a Duval diagram) In the case of a transformer failure (e.g., through partial discharge), hydrogen will be generated and a Buchholz relay can release an alarm Compatibility given for materials that are compatible with mineral oils same substance class as mineral oils (hydrocarbons) Comparable with naphthenic transformer oils No issues observed in many tests with used and unused oils
22 DGA evaluation Duval diagrams Partial discharge Partial discharge low energy PD: Partial discharge D1: Discharge low energy D2: Discharge high energy T1: thermal failure <300 C T2 Thermal failure C Shell GTL oil Shell naphthenic oil Hot spot C Hot spot >700 C Absolute gas concentration is lower for the GTL oil compared with the naphthenic oil Source: Schering Institute
23 Ease of use: Compatible and miscible No miscibility, compatibility or solvency issues found GTL-based transformer oils can be used alongside traditional oils Top-up performance even better than for naphthenic oil Topped up with GTL oil Oven test, 35 days at 100 C Topped up with naphthenic oil Oil + Cu Oil only Oil + Cu + air
24 Comparison with inhibited naphthenic oil B Shell GTL oil, % Naphthenic oil B, % Density, kg/m³ ISO Flash point PM, C DIN EN Kinetic viscosity at 40 C, mm²/s ISO Breakdown voltage, kv IEC DDF 90 C IEC Oxidation stability IEC 61125C 500 h Acidity, mg KOH/g Sludge, wt% <0.01 < <0.01 DDF 90 C Oxidation stability IEC 61125C (500 h, 120 C)
25 Comparison with uninhibited naphthenic oil A Shell GTL oil, % Naphthenic oil A, % 100* Density, kg/m³ ISO Flash point PM, C DIN EN Kinetic viscosity at 40 C, mm²/s ISO Breakdown voltage, kv IEC DDF 90 C IEC Oxidation stability IEC 61125C 500 h Acidity, mg KOH/g Sludge, wt% <0.01 <0.01 DDF 90 C Oxidation stability IEC 61125C (500 h, 120 C)
26 Shell GTL transformer oil Performance in the field
27 Positive experiences with Shell GTL transformer oil Since 2013, Shell GTL transformer oil has been used to fill thousands of transformers across three continents For applications in Distribution transformers Power transformers Reactors Instrument transformers Traction transformers Good performance no issues observed; functions as expected for a high-grade oil No design or maintenance changes required (possible optimisation and maintenance reduction being explored!) Proven to be able to detect failures in transformers by initiating Buchholz relay alarm
28 Properties of Shell GTL transformer oil in use in a transformer GTL oil still bright with no signs of sludge after 18 months Date CO 2 CO H 2 CH 4 C 2 H 2 C 2 H 4 C 2 H 6 TAN BDV DDF IFT 10 Jul 12 1, Oct 12 1, Jan 13 1, May 13 1, Jul Aug Dec Jan Mar Jul Nov Source: EDF UK Power plant station unit transformer (10 years old) Hawker Siddeley (1986), 132 kv, 90 MVA, free breathing. Changed to Shell GTL oil June/July Vacuum applied January No issues
29 Shell GTL transformer oil performance after one year in service New transformers filled with Shell GTL transformer oil; first oil analysis after one year in service Type N 2 O 2 CO 2 CO H 2 CH 4 C 2 H 2 C 2 H 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 6 C 3 H 8 TAN BDV DDF BHT IFT 380-kV grid transformer (350 MVA) 380-kV grid transformer (350 MVA) 380-kV grid transformer (350 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 30-kV reactor (50 MVA) 53,423 24, ,849 4, ,006 1, ,753 31, ,678 15, ,935 31, ,350 28, ,358 34, ,609 24, ,788 3, Source: Amprion/Siemens
30 Shell recommendation for use of Shell GTL transformer oil In the case of a change from a conventional transformer oil to Shell GTL oil Vacuum treatment and filtration Oil reclamation Top up with Shell GTL or naphthenic oil Fill old transformers No change to Shell naphthenic oil No change to Shell naphthenic oil Up to 10% no objection* 15% remaining oil acceptable* Oil monitoring As described in IEC Interpretation of DGA As described in IEC Concentration measurement of antioxidant As described in IEC 60666
31 Summary benefits of Shell GTL transformer oil High flash point: Additional safety Oxidation stability less acid formation: 1 Longer transformer lifetime expected (with lifetime filling) 2 Transformer lifetime Oxidation stability less sludge formation: 1 No blockage of cooling drains, maintains low temperature Virtually no sulphur: Risk of corrosion caused by oil sulphur eliminated Higher impulse breakdown voltage: Lower probability of arc formation, reduced oil ageing 1 1 Compared with conventional inhibited transformer oils 2 In ambient conditions
Transformer oils - Production, performance and in-service behaviour
Transformer oils - Production, performance and in-service behaviour Johan Grövik Nynas AB TRANSFORM Partner Nynas Nynas AB founded 1928 Swedish based company Approximately 850 employees Turnover 2 billion
More informationTransforming Transformer Reliability & System Efficiency With The Right Oil Dr Peter Smith Global Technology Manager Shell Global Solutions (UK) UK
Transforming Transformer Reliability & System Efficiency With The Right Oil Dr Peter Smith Global Technology Manager Shell Global Solutions (UK) UK Definitions and cautionary note The companies in which
More informationNatural Ester Fluid Diagnostics
Natural Ester Fluid Diagnostics Weidmann 7 th Annual Technical Conference September 17, 2008 BY: C. Patrick McShane and John Luksich Market Demand Accelerating More than 130,000 transformers in service
More informationFluid characteristics impact performance capabilities in transformer application
Fluid characteristics impact performance capabilities in transformer application Mineral Oil Natural Ester Synthetic Ester Silicone Oil Base Fluid Petroleum Oil Vegetable Oil Hydrocarbons Polydimethylsiloxanes
More informationJOHNSON CONTROLS PARTS CENTRE. Sabroe S68 refrigeration oil
JOHNSON CONTROLS PARTS CENTRE refrigeration oil Hydro-treated, high performance oil for refrigeration Sabroe offers the highest quality lubricants available for today s refrigeration market. The increased
More informationStray Gassing of Transformer. Streams and Addi;ves. Ed Casserly, Ph.D. Director - Refinery R&D Ergon Refining, Inc.
Stray Gassing of Transformer Oils Effects of Refinery Streams and Addi;ves Ed Casserly, Ph.D. Director - Refinery R&D Ergon Refining, Inc. Presented at My Transfo 2014 Outline! Definition and Issue of Stray
More informationCOMPRESSOR OILS HYCOM VDL T 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320
COMPRESSOR OILS HYCOM VDL T 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320 Special Features: It is specially blended from saturated paraffinic Group II base stocks and selected premium grade of antioxidants, anti-rust,
More informationExperiences in Service with New Insulating Liquids
Experiences in Service with New Insulating Liquids Cigre Brochure 436 A2 & D1 JOINT COLLOQUIUM, KYOTO 2011 R.Martin Cigre Kyoto Sept 2011 Experiences in service with new insulation liquids - R.Martin Slide
More informationAdditin RC 9305 Additive Package
Technical Data Sheet Additin RC 935 Additive Package Type Ashless multifunctional oxidation, rust and wear inhibiting additive package - for antiwear hydraulic fluids according to: DIN 51524, part 2 and
More informationNeuGen. sustainable. environmentally. dielectric fluid. IMCD Australia Limited. Level 1 / 372 Wellington Road Mulgrave VIC 3170
environmentally sustainable dielectric fluid www.biolectric.com.au IMCD Australia Limited Level 1 / 372 Wellington Road Mulgrave VIC 3170 environmentally sustainable dielectric fluid An essential component
More informationANNEX 2, REFERENCE FUELS
ANNEX 2, REFERENCE FUELS A.2.1. A.2.1.1. EUROPE, INDIA, SOUTH AFRICA Petrol (E5) Parameter Unit Limits (1) Test method Research octane number, RON 95.0 EN 25164 pren ISO 5164 Motor octane number, MON 85.0
More informationFormulated for better protection, longer oil life and better system efficiency. Extra protection Industrial applications
SHELL TELLUS INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC FLUIDS The Shell Tellus range of hydraulic fluids is designed to help make it easy for equipment operators to select the Shell lubricant that will best deliver value to
More informationANNEX 3 REFERENCE FUELS. Parameter Unit Limits (1) Test method Minimum Maximum Research octane number, RON
WLTP-2012-018 Annex 3 Draft Reference fuels 03.06.2012 ANNEX 3 REFERENCE FUELS The reference fuel specifications listed in this annex are those that are to be used for the WLTP Validation 2 exercise and
More informationSynthetic EP air compressor oils based on PAO, for turbo, screw, vane and piston compressors; High-performance synthetic, PAO-based hydraulic fluids
Description Compressed air has become a major form of energy and the reliable generation of compressed air is vital. Operators require compressors to function perfectly over and beyond entire service intervals.
More informationWHITE OILS MAX 160 MIN. liquid cst
WHITE OIL 8 0.812 0.845 0.810 0.842 0.819 0.816 7 10 cst 5 cst 476 6 MAX 39 150 MIN 154 WHITE OIL 12 0.818 0.858 0.815 0.855 0.824 0.821 10 14 cst 19 cst 6 MAX 24 160 MIN 166 476 The above data is indicated
More informationNPS/003/019 Technical Specification for Electrical Insulating Fluids for use in Plant & Switchgear.
Version:- 5.2 Date of Issue:- Apr 2011 Page 1 of 11 NPS/003/019 Technical Specification for Electrical Insulating Fluids for use in Plant & Switchgear. 1. Purpose This specification details the technical
More informationTurbWay SE GT TurbWay SE GT LV A new generation turbine fluids
TurbWay SE GT TurbWay SE GT LV A new generation turbine fluids ENERGY EFFICIENT ECC (ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSIDERATE CHOISE) FOR POWER INDUSTRY 2 TurbWay SE GT/LV TurbWay SE GT/LV 3 Content Product introduction
More informationGroup I replacement in industrial oil formulations: A look at hydraulic fluids
Group I replacement in industrial oil formulations: A look at hydraulic fluids 5 to Encontro Internacional com o Mercado, June 2015 Dr. Luis Bastardo-Zambrano, Nynas AB Lubricant base oil slate development
More informationFischer-Tropsch Refining
Fischer-Tropsch Refining by Arno de Klerk A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Philosophiae Doctor (Chemical Engineering) in the Department of Chemical Engineering
More informationComparing Conventional PAGs to Oil Soluble Polyalkylene Glycols
Comparing Conventional PAGs to Oil Soluble Polyalkylene Glycols L. W. Budd Lee The Dow Chemical Company Midland MI USA STLE, Detroit May 9 th 2013 Contents Background of Conventional PAGs Chemistry & physical
More informationSupply of Services for Detailed OEB Crude Assay Analysis
Tender Number [9900009229] Supply of Services for Detailed OEB Crude Assay Analysis SCOPE OF WORK SCOPE OF WORK 1. Introduction Orpic is the brand name for Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries
More informationSANDVIK PERFORMANCE FLUIDS LONG-LIFE COMPRESSOR OIL SANDVIK OC25-H
SANDVIK PERFORMANCE FLUIDS LONG-LIFE COMPRESSOR OIL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Compressed air has become a major form of energy and the reliable generation of compressed air is vital. Operators
More informationREFRIGERANTS AND LUBRICANTS
Service Engineers Section Bulletin No 10 REFRIGERANTS AND 1.0 INTRODUCTION - THE NEED FOR IN REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS Lubricants (oils) are required in refrigeration systems to: Reduce friction by interposing
More informationReliable under pressure. Lubrication solutions for air compressors
your global specialist Special knowledge Reliable under pressure. Lubrication solutions for air compressors Protect and optimise your compressors Protect and optimise your compressors 3 Selected lubricants
More informationHydraulic fluids with new, modern base oils structure and composition, difference to conventional hydraulic fluids; experience in the field
Group D - Fundamentals Paper D-1 171 Hydraulic fluids with new, modern base oils structure and composition, difference to conventional hydraulic fluids; experience in the field Wolfgang Bock Fuchs Schmierstoffe
More informationThe Advantages of using ester transformer fluids in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dr Russell Martin, November 2018
The Advantages of using ester transformer fluids in Sub-Saharan Africa Dr Russell Martin, November 2018 Copyright 2018 M&I Materials Ltd. Products of M&I Materials Ltd. Agenda Usage and Definition of Ester
More informationIndustrial-Grade Synthetic Compressor Oils
Industrial-Grade Synthetic Compressor Oils Performance Designed for Industry The FIRST in Synthetics... the FIRST in Performance AMSOIL Synthetic Compressor Oils help increase productivity and profitability.
More informationSpecifications Of Straight Run Naphtha for Exportation
Specifications Of Straight Run Naphtha for Exportation ASTM Specific Gravity @ 60/60 F 1298 160 0.690-0.730 Colour VISUAL Colourless R.V.P @ 100 F kg/cm2 max 323 69 0.07 Sulphur, Total %mass max 1266 107
More informationBenefit of Siemens Technology Alternative Insulating Liquids
Pomona, CA, May 24-25, 2016 Benefit of Siemens Technology Siemens AG Transformers Environmentally-friendly and safer transformer insulating liquids Page 2 Why highlight alternative insulating liquids?
More information505 ECOSHIELD BIODEGRADABLE DRIP OIL ISO 32, 46 & ISO 68
505 ECOSHIELD BIODEGRADABLE DRIP OIL ISO 32, 46 & ISO 68 EcoShield Biodegradable Drip oil is a fully formulated anti-wear, readily biodegradable, environmentally friendly, ecologically responsive, non-toxic
More information#112B BIODEGRADABLE HYDRAULIC FLUID ISO 32, 46 & ISO 68
#112B BIODEGRADABLE HYDRAULIC FLUID ISO 32, 46 & ISO 68 Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluid is a fully formulated anti-wear, readily biodegradable, environmentally friendly, ecologically responsive, non-toxic
More informationLow carbon content Carbon content lower than 0.01%wt. Low nitrogen content Very low content of nitrogen compounds (traces)
BASE oils The refinery PARAMO, a.s. founded in the year 1889 is a traditional producer of fuel, lubricants and a leading producer of bitumen and related products in the Czech Republic. Research and manufacturing
More informationCUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE. Chapter 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION; BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES
CUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE 27 - i Chapter 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION; BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES Notes. 1. This Chapter does not cover: (a) Separate chemically
More informationPURE SYNTHETIC COMPRESSOR OIL ISO 22 THROUGH ISO 220
PURE SYNTHETIC COMPRESSOR OIL #8 ISO 22 THROUGH ISO 2 Pure Synthetic Compressor Oil is a full synthetic, non-detergent, ashless, non-zinc containing anti-wear, rust and oxidation inhibited premium quality
More informationTHE SHELL OMALA G SPECIALITY. Enclosed industrial spur and bevel gears where extra shock-load protection is needed or particulate contamination occurs
SHELL OMALA INDUSTRIAL GEAR OILS The Shell Omala range of industrial gear oils is designed to help make it easy for equipment operators to select the Shell oil that will best deliver value to their operations
More informationLNG versus GTL: The Impact of Unconventional Gas
LNG versus GTL: The Impact of Unconventional Gas Michael Phillipson, Study Manager Principal Consultant Gastech 2012, London 8-11 October 2012 2012 Foster Wheeler. All rights reserved. Introduction LNG
More informationDraft Indian Standard SYN GAS/ AMMONIA TURBO COMPRESSOR LUBRICATING OILS SPECIFICATION
Comments Only BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Draft Indian Standard Doc:PCD 3(2537)C September 2012 SYN GAS/ AMMONIA TURBO COMPRESSOR LUBRICATING OILS SPECIFICATION Not to be reproduced without the permission
More informationRENISO K. Special naphthenic refrigeration oils. Description. Advantages. Application. Specifications
Description RENISO K refrigeration oils are based on highly refined, naphthenic selective raffinates that have been dewaxed especially for use at low temperatures. Their degree of refinement ensures that
More informationTests conducted under the following industry standards for PermaFrost API ASHRAE ARI ASTM EPA ANSI UL. SINCE 1985 Quality Controlled Through Analysis
Tests conducted under the following industry standards for PermaFrost API ASHRAE ARI ASTM EPA ANSI UL SINCE 1985 Client: Powertron LLC Requested By: Mr. Tony Sgarbi Sample: 10% PermaFrost + 90% Report
More informationAnglomoil Hydraulic BIO-FR was designed to replace anti-wear, mineral oil based hydraulic fluids used in applications where fire hazards exist.
Product Description Anglomoil Hydraulic BIO-FR was designed to replace anti-wear, mineral oil based hydraulic fluids used in applications where fire hazards exist. Product Features & Benefits PRODUCT DATA
More informationJournal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 21, No ISSN: e-issn: ICID: DOI: /
Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 1, No. 1 ISSN: 131- e-issn: 3-133 ICID: 1131 DOI: 1./131.1131 JET FUELS DIVERSITY Air Force Institute of Technology Ksiecia Boleslawa Street, 1-9 Warsaw,
More informationIGS-M-CH-044-1(0) Sept IGS. Iranian Gas Standards !" #$%&' () Insulating Oils for use in Power Transformers Part 1
IGS-M-CH-044-1(0) Sept. 2008 APPROVED IGS Iranian Gas Standards!" #$%&' () Insulating Oils f use in Power Transfmers Part 1. Fax:(9821)-8131-5679 1123 456728 9:1;7?7 @A9?;1 BE8 4FG= HA2IJ 4K LMN
More informationBunkering With New Fuels Building on Strong Foundations.
Bunkering With New Fuels Building on Strong Foundations. Intertek ShipCare Services. Michael Green. Global Technical Manager Bunker Fuel Testing. 1 Sulphur Regulations Marpol Annex VI Marpol Annex VI introduced
More informationNA-LUBE EP 5000 Series
EP 5000 Series EP 5000 Series EP 5000 Series consists of low odor, light colored sulfurized fatty acid esters, triglycerides and a-olefins. The 5000 Series is produced from hydrogen sulfide and elemental
More informationM. Endisch, M. Olschar, Th. Kuchling, Th. Dimmig
Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering Diesel selective hydrocracking of Fischer-Tropsch wax Experimental investigations M. Endisch, M. Olschar, Th. Kuchling, Th. Dimmig TU Bergakademie
More informationAdditin RC 9321 Additive Package
Technical Data Sheet Additin Additive Package Type Ashless multifunctional oxidation and rust inhibiting additive package - for R&O oils, hydraulic fluids HL, gear oils CL according to: DIN 51524, part
More informationInfluence of Rubber Process Oils on EPDM Compound Properties. Dr. Markus Hoffmann SGF Meeting Huskvarna, Sweden November 24, 2016
Influence of Rubber Process Oils on EPDM Compound Properties Dr. Markus Hoffmann SGF Meeting Huskvarna, Sweden November 24, 2016 About Nynas AB 2 Nynas is the largest specialty oil producer in Europe Offices
More informationCUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE V - 1
V - 1 Section V MINERAL PRODUCTS 27 - i Chapter 27 MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION; BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES Notes. 1. This Chapter does not cover: (a) Separate
More informationSoftening point by Ring & Ball. Density and relative density of liquids by Hubbart pycnometer
Softening point by Ring & Ball Density and relative density of liquids by Hubbart pycnometer Distillation of petroleum Melting point of petroleum wax Precipitation number of lubricating oils Saponification
More informationORIGINAL BMW AND MINI ENGINE OIL. TECHNICAL INFORMATION BOOKLET 2.0. APPLIES FOR REST OF WORLD (ALL MARKETS EXCEPT: EUROPE, N, LIE, CH, USA, CA).
BP-22, December 2015 v ORIGINAL BMW AND MINI ENGINE OIL. TECHNICAL INFORMATION BOOKLET 2.0. APPLIES FOR REST OF WORLD (ALL MARKETS EXCEPT: EUROPE, N, LIE, CH, USA, CA). INTRODUCTION. PURPOSE. This document
More informationAnnex to the Accreditation Certificate D-PL according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005
Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH Annex to the Accreditation Certificate D-PL-20575-01-00 according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Period of validity: 2018-03-05 to 2021-07-28 Holder of certificate: innogy
More informationSHELLSOL D60. Shell Chemicals. Data Sheet. Lemont, IL Cotton Valley, LA. Product Name
Shell Chemicals Data Sheet Product Name SHELLSOL D60 This product is manufactured at more than one production site. The sales specifications of these products are the same, some typical data however may
More informationVegetable based lubricating & degreasing solvent with high solvent power
Vegetable based lubricating & degreasing solvent with high solvent power PRODUCT DESCRIPTION IMPACT is Vegetable based degreasing solvent with high solvent power, demonstrated by a Kauri Butanol index
More informationHydraulic Fluids. Castrol Blue Hydraulic Plus C 19. Product Data. Water Tolerance. Thermal Stability Oxidation and Control
C 19 meets the most severe industry requirements including the new hybrid test from Denison (T6H2OC), which incorporates both vane and piston pumps under wet and dry conditions over 600 hours. Formulated
More informationWind Turbine Gear Lubricants
October 2015 Wind Turbine Gear Lubricants PCIMA TIR: External 2 JLPrince 2015 Exxon Mobil Corporation. All rights reserved. Overview Wind Turbine Gear boxes Challenges and Lubrication Impact Lubricant
More information#281A SYNTHETIC PLUS HEAT TRANSFER OIL
#281A SYNTHETIC PLUS HEAT TRANSFER OIL Synthetic Plus Heat Transfer Oil is a non-corrosive, non-fouling, para-synthetic heat transfer fluid that is formulated to provide fast and efficient heat transfer
More informationFig 1. API Classification of base oils
SYNTHETIC VS MINERAL OIL Introduction Oil is the life blood of an engine and just like the blood in our bodies, it is required to fulfill a number of functions. Oil does not only lubricate, it also carries
More informationKing Industries, Inc. Additives & Synthetic Base Oils for Use in Lubricants with Incidental Food Contact
King Industries, Inc. Additives & Synthetic Base Oils for Use in Lubricants with Incidental Food Contact NSF HX-1 Registered Products: KR - Synthetic Base Oils AW - Multi-functional Additive K-CORR NF
More information#203SW Wind Turbine Oil ISO 220, 320, 460 and 680
#203SW Wind Turbine Oil ISO 220, 320, 460 and 680 Wind Turbine Oil is a para-synthetic extreme pressure gear lubricant that is designed for use in the lubrication of heavily loaded gears and rolling element
More informationThe Feasibility of Fill-for-Life Turbine Oils. Greg Livingstone Fluitec
The Feasibility of Fill-for-Life Turbine Oils Greg Livingstone Fluitec Outline How long is Fill-for-Life anyway? Bleed & Feed Strategy Why do Turbine Oils Fail? Replenishing Antioxidants: 1. Feasibility
More information360 INDEX. boiling point of gas oil components, 84 boiling range, 353 bunker fuels, 8 fuel No. 6 characteristics, 339 classification, 338
Index acidity/acid no., 351 additives aviation gasoline, 317 classification, 178 composition, 256 consumption, 182 diesel distribution, 180 diesel fuels, 179 diesel vehicle system, 181 fuels, 121, 351
More informationBEARING OILS FOR STEEL PLANTS HP FILM OIL
BEARING OILS FOR STEEL PLANTS HP FILM OIL Special Features: HP FILM OILS are highly refined mineral oils suitable for oil film bearings used in steel plants. The product is blended from solvent extracted
More informationUSES FOR RECYCLED OIL
USES FOR RECYCLED OIL What happens to your recycled used oil? Used oil, or 'sump oil' as it is sometimes called, should not be thrown away. Although it gets dirty, used oil can be cleaned of contaminants
More informationNeville Hargreaves Gastech, April 2017, Tokyo. Roll out of smaller scale GTL technology at ENVIA Energy s plant in Oklahoma City, USA
Neville Hargreaves Gastech, April 2017, Tokyo Roll out of smaller scale GTL technology at ENVIA Energy s plant in Oklahoma City, USA Gas-to-liquids (GTL) and biomass-to-liquids (BTL) process Chemical conversion
More informationPLANTOGEAR S. Environmentally acceptable lubricating oil and EP industrial gear oil based on synthetic saturated esters.
Description PLANTOGEAR S products are environmentally acceptable industrial gear oils based on special saturated synthetic esters which guarantee high ageing resistance and excellent wear protection -
More informationArticle: The Formation & Testing of Sludge in Bunker Fuels By Dr Sunil Kumar Laboratory Manager VPS Fujairah 15th January 2018
Article: The Formation & Testing of Sludge in Bunker Fuels By Dr Sunil Kumar Laboratory Manager VPS Fujairah 15th January 2018 Introduction Sludge formation in bunker fuel is the source of major operational
More informationModule8:Engine Fuels and Their Effects on Emissions Lecture 36:Hydrocarbon Fuels and Quality Requirements FUELS AND EFFECTS ON ENGINE EMISSIONS
FUELS AND EFFECTS ON ENGINE EMISSIONS The Lecture Contains: Transport Fuels and Quality Requirements Fuel Hydrocarbons and Other Components Paraffins Cycloparaffins Olefins Aromatics Alcohols and Ethers
More informationShellSol T. Data Sheet. Isoparaffins. Product Name. Africa Q7412. Product Code. Product Category. CAS Registry Number
Data Sheet Product Name Issued: 23-Jul-2009 ShellSol T Product Code Q7412 Africa Product Category Isoparaffins CAS Registry Number 64741-65-7 EINECS Number 265-067-2 Description Typical Properties ShellSol
More informationCrude Assay Report. Crude Oil sample marked. Barrow Crude Oil. On Behalf Of. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd. Laboratory Supervisor. Crude Assay Chemist
Crude Assay Report on Crude Oil sample marked Barrow Crude Oil On Behalf Of Chevron Australia Pty Ltd. Reported by: Approved by: Michelle Fernandez Laboratory Supervisor Jhonas Fernandez Crude Assay Chemist
More informationWarter Fuels JSC Aviation Gasoline AVGAS 115/145 Edition II
1. Scope of TS 2. Usage scope of TS subject 3. Division and designation 4. Requirements and research 4.1. General properties 4.1.1. Antiknock additives 4.1.2. Dyeing additives 4.1.3. Antioxidant additives
More informationFundamentals of Petroleum Refining Refinery Products. Lecturers: assistant teachers Kirgina Maria Vladimirovna Belinskaya Natalia Sergeevna
Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining Refinery Products Lecturers: assistant teachers Kirgina Maria Vladimirovna Belinskaya Natalia Sergeevna 1 Refinery Products Composition There are specifications for over
More informationPLANTOGEAR S. Environmentally acceptable lubricating oil and EP industrial gear oil based on synthetic saturated esters.
Description PLANTOGEAR 100 S and 150 S products are environmentally acceptable industrial gear oils based on special saturated synthetic esters which guarantee high ageing resistance and excellent wear
More information294A SUPREME GEAR LUBE NO TACK SAE 140 and ISO GRADES 320, 460, 680
294A SUPREME GEAR LUBE NO TACK SAE 140 and ISO GRADES 320, 460, 680 Supreme Gear Lube No Tack is a multipurpose thermally stable and thermally durable para-synthetic gear lubricant that is recommended
More information(Syn)Gas to Fuel HIGH QUALITY GASOLINE FROM METHANOL
(Syn)Gas to Fuel HIGH QUALITY GASOLINE FROM METHANOL Public N. Ringer/ R. Rakoczy Business Unit Catalysts 09.09.2013 2 Agenda Introduction MTG: History & Chemistry The Catalysts CAC s STF Process Conclusions
More informationREBCO (RUSSIAN EXPORT BLEND CRUDE OIL) SPECIFICATION GOST
REBCO (RUSSIAN EXPORT BLEND CRUDE OIL) SPECIFICATION GOST 51858-2002 Characteristics Units Result Test Method Density (Specific Gravity) @ 20 C g /sm 3 0.870 ASTM D5002 Sulphur Content wt.% 1.8 ASTM D4294
More informationProduct presentation CPT tech Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st New RIS transformer bushings The paper-free solution
Product presentation CPT tech Jason Evershed, ABB Transformer Components, May 21st 2014 New RIS transformer bushings The paper-free solution Transformer condenser bushings Why a new technology? To preserve
More informationPRODUCT MANUAL of TRANSFORMER OIL
PRODUCT MANUAL of TRANSFORMER OIL Brief Introduction Sinopec Lubricant Co.,Ltd. is the largest high-tier lubricant manufacturer and marketer in China with a production capacity of over 1.46million tons
More informationOil & Gas. From exploration to distribution. Week 3 V19 Refining Processes (Part 1) Jean-Luc Monsavoir. W3V19 - Refining Processes1 p.
Oil & Gas From exploration to distribution Week 3 V19 Refining Processes (Part 1) Jean-Luc Monsavoir W3V19 - Refining Processes1 p. 1 Crude Oil Origins and Composition The objective of refining, petrochemical
More informationRefrigeration Oils. Semi Synthetic Refrigeration Oils. Mineral based refrigeratin oils Semi-Synthetic refrigeration oils.
Refrigeration Oils Mineral based refrigeratin oils Semi-Synthetic refrigeration oils Semi Synthetic Refrigeration Oils Pal Synth Ref REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR OILS MINERAL OIL BASED PAL FRIZ 12, 22, 32,
More informationBG&GHF. Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluid
BG&GHF Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluid Synthetic Lubricants and Filters Inc. 7401 University Dr., Shreveport, LA 71105 (800) 637-5126 (p) (866) 305-5126 (f) www.slfi.net About BG&GHF Provides biodegradability
More informationNeste. Cimac Cascades 2017 Helsinki. Teemu Sarjovaara, D.Sc.(Tech) Neste R&D, Products
Neste Cimac Cascades 2017 Helsinki Teemu Sarjovaara, D.Sc.(Tech) Neste R&D, Products This is what we want to achieve We want to be Baltic Sea downstream champion We want to grow in the global renewable
More informationNA-LUBE BL-1232 EL Environmentally Friendly Ashless Additive Package for Ester Based Systems
NA-LUBE Environmentally Friendly Ashless Additive Package for Ester Based Systems For information about the European Ecolabel, visit www.ecolabel.eu NEW NA-LUBE Environmentally Driven...Performance Proven
More informationएमआरप एल ग णव नय ण य गश ल उप दन व श:२०१७ MRPL QC LABORATORY
एमआरप एल ग णव नय ण य गश ल उप दन व श:२०१७ MRPL QC LABORATORY PRODUCTS SPECIFICATIONS:2017 INDIAN STANDARD (IS) SPECIFICATIONS FOR DOMESTIC PRODUCTS: 2017 S.No Product Name Specification Number 1 Liquefied
More informationDiluent Evaluation for Pipelining
NCUT National Centre for Upgrading Technology a Canada Alberta alliance for bitumen and heavy oil research Diluent Evaluation for Pipelining Parviz Rahimi, Zhiming Fan, Simon Cooper, Teclemariam Alem,
More informationTechnology Development within Alternative Fuels. Yves Scharff
Technology Development within Alternative Fuels Yves Scharff 1 Agenda Introduction Axens and Alternative Fuels Axens Renewable Iso-paraffins Route 2 Why Alternative Fuels? Environmental Regulation By 2020,
More informationEnvirotemp FR3 Fluid Test Summary
Envirotemp FR3 Fluid Test Summary Version 1.0 May 2013 R2030 Cargill Industrial Specialities P.O. Box 5700, MS 66 Minneapolis, MN 55440-5700 1-800-842-3631 envirotempfluids.com Envirotemp and FR3 are valuable
More informationSynthetic Gear Oil Selection Dennis Lauer
Synthetic Gear Oil Selection Dennis Lauer Synthetic gear oils are used whenever mineral gear oils have reached their performance limit and can no longer meet the application requirements; for example,
More informationInnovations in Polyalkylene Glycol Based Lubricants STLE National Meeting
Innovations in Polyalkylene Glycol Based Lubricants STLE National Meeting May 2011 Richard Butler & Dr. Govindlal Khemchandani Chemtool, Inc. Dow Chemical PAG New Technology Polyalkylene glycols (PAG)
More informationIndustrial Grade Synthetic Compressor Oils
Industrial Grade Synthetic Compressor Oils Performance Designed for Industry The FIRST in Synthetics... the FIRST in Performance AMSOIL Synthetic Compressor Oils increase the productivity and profitability
More informationE/ECE/324/Rev.2/Add.119/Amend.1 E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2/Add.119/Amend.1
23 May 2012 Agreement Concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions for
More informationVarious tests and analysis will be carried out at testing laboratory on the received samples such as:
2 Testing Various tests and analysis will be carried out at testing laboratory on the received samples such as: - General Quality Control Test - Special Analysis Tests as requested 2.1 General Quality
More informationSHELLSOL W HT. Shell Chemicals. Data Sheet. This product is manufactured at more than one production site. site below to obtain the right datasheet:
Shell Chemicals Data Sheet Re-Issued: 02-Jul-2003 Product Name SHELLSOL W HT This product is manufactured at more than one production site. site below to obtain the right datasheet: Click on the production
More informationSCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005
SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 LABORATORY & ON-STREAM ANALYSER DIVISION, SAUDI ARAMCO TOTAL REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY LAB & OSA Division Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical
More informationChapter 4 ANALYTICAL WORK: COMBUSTION MODELING
a 4.3.4 Effect of various parameters on combustion in IC engines: Compression ratio: A higher compression ratio increases the pressure and temperature of the working mixture which reduce the initial preparation
More informationSignificance of Each Test. 1. Color (Visual)
Significance of Each Test 1. Color (Visual) Determine the color of lubricant product by assessing the appearance of transmitted light appearance and intensity, as compare with a standard. Color alone is
More informationField Experience & Reliability Tests for the New EasyDry Condenser Bushing LUKAS MUGGLI
Field Experience & Reliability Tests for the New EasyDry Condenser Bushing LUKAS MUGGLI T. Schütte, ABB Schweiz Ltd, High Voltage Components, Bushings, 2015-10-19 INMR2015 - Munich Field experience and
More informationProduction of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Production of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria Alabadan B.A. Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University, Oye Ekiti. Ajayi
More informationDetermination of Phenolic Antioxidant DBPC and DBP Levels in Electrical Insulating Oil
Determination of Phenolic Antioxidant DBPC and DBP Levels in Electrical Insulating Oil Agilent 5500, 4500, and Cary 630 FTIR Spectrometers Application Note Authors Dipak Mainali and Frank Higgins Agilent
More informationConversion of Peanut Oil into Jet and Diesel Fuels. Panama City, Florida 22 July 2016 Edward N. Coppola
Conversion of Peanut Oil into Jet and Diesel Fuels Panama City, Florida 22 July 2016 Edward N. Coppola SOLVING PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL IMPORTANCE About ARA, Inc. Founded 1979, Albuquerque, New Mexico 1,086
More informationSCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17043:2010. ASTM INTERNATIONAL 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA Amy Meacock
SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17043:2010 ASTM INTERNATIONAL 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428 Amy Meacock 610 832 9688 PROFICIENCY TESTING PROVIDER Valid To: May 31, 2021 Certificate
More information