Technical and Economic Assessments of Compressed Natural Gas for Diesel Vehicle in Thailand

Transcription

1 Technical and Economic Assessments of Compressed Natural Gas for Diesel Vehicle in Thailand Presented by: Mr. Prateep Chouykerd The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment 1

2 Outlines Rational/Problem Statements Research objectives Natural Gas Vehicles in Thailand Re-fuelling stations Methodology Results of work Conclusion 2

3 Rational/Problem Statements Thailand Energy crisis Limitation domestic energy resources Energy demand in transportation sector is highest than every sectors Energy demand in transportation sector increase continue by the growth of population and GDP Alternative fuels can reduce import fossil fuel i.e. natural gas, bio-diesel 3

4 Rational/Problem Statements 9.6% 0.1% 12.1% AGRICULTURE MINING 4.4% MANUFACTURING ELECTRICITY 66.6% 0.5% 6.7% CONSTRUCTION RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRANSPORTATION Source: Energy Policy and Planning Office 4

5 Rational/Problem Statements Source: Energy Policy and Planning Office 5

6 Research Objectives Identify the technical and non-technical barriers of compressed natural gas for diesel vehicle and investigate the investment of compressed natural gas for diesel vehicle (i.e. infrastructure, conversion cost) Define the suitable pathway of compressed natural gas for diesel vehicle in order to reduce the import diesel oil for Thailand 6

7 Natural Gas Vehicles in Thailand Diesel Dual Fuel Diesel Dual Fuel (DDF) based upon diesel technology. The primary fuel is natural gas but designed to operate with diesel pilot ignition source 7

8 Natural Gas Vehicles in Thailand Source: PTT Public Company Limited 8

9 Natural Gas Vehicles in Thailand Dedicated (Re-Powering) Dedicated engines are operated only on natural gas 9

10 Natural Gas Vehicles in Thailand Dedicated Natural Gas Vehicle Source: PTT Public Company Limited 10

11 Re-fuelling stations There are 3 main types of re-fuelling stations Fast filling (only in Thailand) Slow filling Combined fast and slow filling 11

12 Re-fuelling stations Fast filling Source: Natural Gas Vehicles: GTZ 12

13 Methodology Review performance and emissions of diesel dual fuel (DDF) and dedicated natural gas vehicles Analysis of the economic aspect of the compressed natural gas program in Thailand Projection the economic aspect of Thailand natural gas vehicle program in the future 13

14 Diesel Dual Fuel (DDF) with diesel pilot and main natural gas fuel keeps engine performance advantages of diesel engines and emissions advantages of natural gas engines 14

15 Engine performance comparison between DDF and Straight Diesel operations of15 a 7.5 ton Isuzu truck

16 Emission results during 13-mode European Driving Schedule test Emissions NOx (g/kwh) CO (g/kwh) THC (g/kwh) PM (g/kwh) Euro-II Diesel operation DDF operation

17 Dedicated engines have a compression ratio designed to take advantage of the 130 octane number of natural gas Dedicated natural gas engine have been designed to take into consideration the combustion characteristics of the fuel so that the engine is environmentally friendly 17

18 Comparison of full-load performance between CNG and diesel engines 18

19 Engine emissions in comparison with the diesel emission regulation limit 19

20 Analysis of the economic aspect of the compressed natural gas program in Thailand - Infrastructure - Pipeline system - Refueling station (65 stations) - Natural gas vehicle (January 31, 2006) - Gasoline substitute (9,929 cars) - Diesel substitute (851 cars) 20

21 Total average amount of fuel services per day Type Number Average amount of fuel services (ton/day) Conventional Mother 6 96 Daughter Total average amount of fuel services (ton/day) Total average amount of fuel services (kilograms/day) 1,807 1,807,000 21

22 - Gasoline substitute/diesel substitute - NGV vehicle 10,780 cars - Diesel substitute 851 cars - Gasoline substitute 9,929 cars - Ratio of Gasoline substitute/diesel substitute = 9,929/851 = 11.67/1 - Gasoline substitute per day = (11.67/12.67) 1,807,000 kg/day = 1,664,380 liter/day - Diesel oil substitute per day = (1/12.67) 1,807,000 kg/day = 142,620 liter/day 22

23 Average refueling station investment cost in 2006 Type Number Average refueling station investment cost (million baht /station) Total average refueling station investment cost (million baht) Conventional ,760 Mother ,265 Daughter ,147 Total ,172 23

24 - Assumptions - Dedicated retrofit of 10 wheels, 6 wheels and 4 wheels have fuel capacity at 200 liters, 100 liters and 75 liters respectively - Diesel oil substitute of DDF of 10 wheels, 6 wheels and 4 wheels have average diesel oil substituted about 27% depend on engine, traffic condition and conversion technology especially fine adjustment - Ratio compare between NGV and diesel oil is NGV 1.32 kilograms equal to diesel oil 1 liter 24

25 Type Investment cost (Thousand baht) Average investment cost (Thousand baht) Van/ 4 Wheels (DDF) Truck/Bus - DDF Dedicated (Dedicated Retrofit)

26 Capacity of Dedicated and DDF in 2006 Type Diesel oil substitute (liter/day) Capacity (Cars/day) Dedicated Retrofit wheels 4, wheels 9, wheels 12, ,000 DDF wheels 6, wheels 12, wheels 18,750 26

27 13,172 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (10 Wheels) 27,000,000 Investment Cost (Million Baht) 12,672 12,172 11,672 11,172 10,672 Amount of Vehicles 4,500 9,985,680 Amount of Vehicles 6,164 Dedicated DDF 10,172 1,600 10,001,600 20,001,600 30,001,600 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 10 wheels in

28 16,172 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (6 Wheels) Investment Cost (Million Baht) 15,172 14,172 13,172 12,172 11,172 9,986,490 Amount of Vehicles 9,000 Amount of Vehicles 12,329 27,000,000 Dedicated DDF 10, ,000,800 20,000,800 30,000,800 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 6 wheels in

29 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (4 Wheels) Investment Cost (Million Baht) 17,172 27,000,000 16,172 Amount of vehicles 12,000 15,172 14,172 13,172 12,172 11,390,625 11,172 Amount of Vehicles 18,750 10, ,000,600 20,000,600 30,000,600 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Dedicated DDF Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 4 Wheels in

30 Projection the economic aspect of Thailand natural gas vehicle program in the future (in 2010) 30

31 Average fueling station investment cost in 2010 Type Number Average refueling station investment cost (million baht /station) Total average refueling station investment cost (million baht) Conventional ,640 Mother ,268 Daughter ,956 Total ,864 31

32 Capacity of Dedicated Retrofit and DDF in 2010 Type Diesel oil substitute (liter/day) Capacity (Cars/day) Dedicated Retrofit wheels 38, wheels 76, wheels 7,600, ,333 DDF wheels 52, wheels 104, wheels 158,333 32

33 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (10 Wheels) Investment Cost (Million Baht) 71, ,000,000 66,864 Amount of Vehicles 38,000 61,864 56,864 84,329,100 Amount of Vehicles 52,055 51,864 46,864 1, ,001, ,001, ,001,600 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Dedicated DDF Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 10 wheels in

34 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (6 Wheels) 91, ,000,000 Investment Cost (Million Baht) 86,864 81,864 76,864 71,864 66,864 61,864 56,864 Amount of Vehicles 76,000 84,329,100 Amount of Vehicles 104,110 Dedicated DDF 51,864 46, ,000, ,000, ,000,800 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 6 wheels in

35 Investment Cost Connect to Cost of Diesel Oil (4 Wheels) 106, ,999,250 Investment Cost (Million Baht) 96,864 86,864 76,864 66,864 56,864 Amount of Vehicles 101,333 96,187,298 Amount of Vehicles 158,333 Dedicated DDF 46, ,000, ,000, ,000,600 Cost of Diesel Oil (Baht) Investment cost connect to cost of diesel oil for 4 Wheels in

36 Conclusion 1. Investment cost of dedicated retrofit of 10 wheels and 6 wheels is cheaper than DDF at various levels of diesel oil substituted 2. Investment cost of DDF cheaper than dedicated retrofit in the case of 4 wheels at many levels of diesel oil substituted 36

37 Acknowledgements 1. Assit.Prof.Dr.Navadol Laosiripojana 2. Assoc.Prof.Dr. Somchai Chanchaona 3. Assit.Prof.Dr.Chumnong Sorapipatana 4. Assoc.Prof.Dr.Withaya Yongchareon 5. The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment KMUTT 6. Energy Research Institute Chulalongkorn University 37

38 Thank you for your attention 38