Lubricants and Greases. Shibu G. Pillai
|
|
- Flora Hardy
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lubricants and Greases Shibu G. Pillai
2 Contents Introduction Functions of lubricants Mechanism of lubrication Classification of lubricants Properties of lubricants Selection of lubricants
3 Classification of Lubricants Solid lubricants (graphite, MoS 2 ) Semi-Solid Lubricants (greases, vaselines) Liquid Lubricants (all oils) Animal and Vegetable oils Mineral oils Blended Oils SYNTHETIC Oils Cutting Fluids (O/W and W/O Emulsions)
4 Solid lubricants are used at high temperature and heavy load where a liquid or a semi-solid lubricant film cannot be maintained contamination of oil is unacceptable where combustible lubricants must be avoided Graphite and Molybdenum Disulphide Oil dag (suspension of graphite in oil) Aqua dag (suspension of graphite in water)
5 CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Soapy to touch. 2. Inflammable. 3. Doesn t oxidizes under 375 C. 4. Dispersion in oil is called oildag. Dispersion in water is called aquadag. USES: 1. As lubricants in air-compressors, lathes, foodstuffs industry, open gears, chains, railway track-joints etc. 2. Graphite mixed with grease (graphite-grease) is used at higher temperatures. 3. Oildag is used in internal combustion engines & Aquadag is used in foodstuffs industries.
6 Semi-Solid lubricants are used machinery parts are subjected to slow speed Heavy load and produce high temperature Spilling of the oil is undesirable Greases and Vaselines are most important
7 Grease Semi-solid lubricant obtained by thickening of a lubricating oil by the addition of metallic soap The properties of grease depend upon the the nature and mount of thickener used the characteristics of the base oil used the way in which the grease is prepared Most of the common grease are made with soap thickener (3% - 50%) Non-soap thickeners: carbon black, asphalten
8 Important functions of a SOAP in a grease it act as a thickener it enables the grease to stick to the metal surface the nature of the soap determines the temperature up to which grease can be used and its consistency
9 Ca-Based Grease/Cup-Greases Emulsion of petroleum oil with calcium soap. 1. Insoluble in water 2. They are the cheapest 3. They can even be used at low temperatures because above 80 C, soap starts to separate USES: They are used in tractors, water pumps, etc. Na-Based 1. They are not water resistant. 2. They can be used upto 175 C USES: They are used in ball bearings.
10 Li-Based They are petroleum oils thickened by mixing lithium soap 1. Water Resistant 2. Expensive 3. Thermally stable USES: In Aircraft Applications. Axle Grease They are cheap resin greases prepared by adding lime to resin & fatty oils. They are water-resistant. USES: They are used in the equipment which work under high load & low speed
11 Liquid lubricants Mostly used Used in delicate & light machines which works at high speed but under low pressure Animal and vegetable oil Mineral oil Blended oil Synthetic oil
12 Animal and Vegetable Oil Extracted directly from nature They are very costly They can undergo oxidation very easily They are used where there is heavy load They are triglycerides of higher fatty acids Possess Good Oiliness Property Examples : Olive Oil, Sunflower Oil, Coconut Oil, Castor oil, Cod-liver oil
13 Mineral/petroleum Oil Obtained by distillation of petroleum These are basically lower molecular weight hydrocarbons with C atoms Shorter chain have lower viscosity Most widely used Cheap, available in abundance and quite stable under any conditions Possess Poor Oiliness Property Oiliness can be improved by adding high molecular weight compunds like oleic acid, stearic acid or triglycerides of higher fatty acids
14 Blended Oil Additives are added to the lubricating oils in order to further improve their properties of the refined lubricating oils. They are added in amounts upto 10%.
15 Cutting Fluid/Oil/Emulsion In various machining operations such as drilling, cutting, threading, turning the friction is very high and this generates large amount of heat Due to overheating, the tool may lose its temper and hardness In order to prevent this, efficient lubrication and cooling have to be provided This is done by employing cutting oils or fluids or cutting emulsion
16 In order to provide satisfactory service, the cutting fluid should possess following characteristics: good lubricating properties low viscosity, so that lubricant can easily fill in the cracks formed on the work-piece chemical stability non-corrosive nature high thermal conductivity
17 Properties of Lubricants FOR OILS Viscosity and Viscosity Index Cloud and Pour-Point Flash and Fire-Point Aniline Point Oiliness Saponification number Steam Emulsion Number (SEN) Carbon Residue
18 FOR GREASE Penetration Index Drop Point
19 Viscosity & Viscosity Index Property of a liquid by virtue of which it oppose relative motion between its different layers is known as viscosity or internal friction of liquid Measure of internal resistance to flow Thickness of fluid (in laymen terms) Important in lubricant selection Two Types: Kinematic Viscosity Absolute Viscosity
20 Viscosity-Temperature Relation viscosity of liquids decreases with increasing temperature consequently, the lubricating oil becomes thinner as the operating temperature increases Hence, viscosity of a good lubricating oil should not change much with change in temperature
21 Viscosity Index The rate at which the viscosity of an oil changes with temperature is measured by an arbitrary scale If the viscosity of an oil falls rapidly as the temperature is raised, it has low viscosity index If the viscosity of an oil slightly affected on rising the temperature, it has high viscosity index For a good lubricating oil viscosity-index should be HIGH
22 Determination of Viscosity Index Two types of standard oils, Paraffinic-base Pennsylvanian oils (VI =100) and Naphthanicbase Gulf oils (VI =0) are used Against each of these is marked their viscosities at 100 F and 210 F Former are known as H-oils and latter as L-oils Following steps involved:
23 The viscosities of the oil under test at 100 F and also at 210 F are first found out, let these values be U and V respectively. The difference between the two values should be low, if the oil is good. Now from the list of H-oils (VI =100), the oil which as the same viscosity at 210 F as the oil under-test is selected, and its corresponding viscosity at 100 F is determine: say H Then, from the list of L-oils (VI = 0), the oil which as same viscosity at 100 F is determine: say L
24 VI = L U L H 100 U: viscosity at 100 F of the test oil (sample) L: viscosity at 100 F of the low-viscosity standard oil H: viscosity at 100 F of the high-viscosity standard oil
25 Viscosity-Temperature Graph
26 Cloud and Pour Point When an oil is cooled slowly, the temperature at which it becomes cloudy or hazy in appearance, is called its CLOUD POINT While the temperature at which the oil ceases to flow or pour, is called its POUR POINT Good lubricant should have low pour point. Polyalkylbenzene, is a pour point depressant
27 It gives the suitability of lubricants in cold environments The presence of waxes in the lubricating oil increases the pour point. Pour point determiners the suitability of a lubricant oil for low temperature.
28 Flash and Fire Point The minimum temperature at which the oil gives off sufficient vapours to ignite for a moment (flash), when a flame is brought near the surface of the oil, called its FLASH POINT The lowest at which the vapours of the oil burn continuously for atleast 5 seconds, called its FIRE POINT Good lubricant should have higher flash point w.r.t working temperature
29 Aniline Point gives an indication of the possible tendency of deterioration of an oil when it comes into contact with packing, rubber sealing etc. Aromatic hydrocarbon have a tendency to dissolve rubber defined as the minimum equilibrium solution temperature for equal volumes of aniline and oil sample Should be HIGH
30 Determination of Aniline Point Mixing equal volumes of aniline and the oil sample in a tube Heating the mixture until a homogeneous solution is obtained Allowed to cool at a specific rate, until the two phases (oil & aniline) separate out Temperature corresponding to observation is reported as ANILINE POINT
31 Saponification Number The number of milligram of KOH require to neutralize the fatty acids resulting from the complete hydrolysis of 1g of fat Unitless To indicate the presence of fatty materials in oil
32 Steam Emulsion Number (SEN) It is number of second require to demulsified Lubricant Unit: seconds For good lubricant it should be less To indicates the formation of stable emulsion or not Good lubricating oils never form stable emulsion
33 Penetration Index/Consistency value Consistency of the grease Defined as the distance in tenth of mm that a standard cone penetrates vertically into the sample, under the condition of load, temp and time Instrument: Penetrometer
34 Drop Point Defined as the temperature at which grease passes from the semi-solid to the liquid state Upper limit temp for the applicability of the grease
Lubricants and Greases. Shibu G. Pillai
Lubricants and Greases Shibu G. Pillai Contents Introduction Functions of lubricants Mechanism of lubrication Classification of lubricants Properties of lubricants Selection of lubricants INTRODUCTION
More informationFUEL TECHNOLOGY LUBRICANTS
1 FUEL TECHNOLOGY Introduction to Liquid Fuels-Classification of Crude Oil- Fractional Distillation- Synthetic Petrol (Fischer-Tropschs & Bergius Process) - Knocking Anti Knocking Agents-Octane & Cetane
More informationFuel Related Definitions
Fuel Related Definitions ASH The solid residue left when combustible material is thoroughly burned or is oxidized by chemical means. The ash content of a fuel is the non combustible residue found in the
More informationSmoke Point Significance and Use
Smoke Point The maximum height, in millimetres, of a smokeless flame of fuel burned in a wick-fed lamp of specified design. The sample is burned in an enclosed wick-fed lamp that is calibrated against
More informationUnit D: Agricultural Equipment Systems. Lesson 1: Understanding Applications of Fluids and Lubricants in Agricultural Equipment
Unit D: Agricultural Equipment Systems Lesson 1: Understanding Applications of Fluids and Lubricants in Agricultural Equipment 1 Terms Ash content bottom dead center cloud point compression ratio coolant
More informationDraft Indian Standard SYN GAS/ AMMONIA TURBO COMPRESSOR LUBRICATING OILS SPECIFICATION
Comments Only BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Draft Indian Standard Doc:PCD 3(2537)C September 2012 SYN GAS/ AMMONIA TURBO COMPRESSOR LUBRICATING OILS SPECIFICATION Not to be reproduced without the permission
More informationASTM D Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B 100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels
ASTM D 6751 02 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B 100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels Summary This module describes the key elements in ASTM Specifications and Standard Test Methods ASTM Specification
More informationEffects of wet lubrication on Bal Seal spring-energized seal performance
Custom components that drive tomorrow s technologies. Effects wet lubrication on Bal Seal spring-energized seal performance Technical Report TR-10 (Rev. C; 07-28-15) (100-41-2) 1650 Pauling Foothill Ranch,
More informationTests conducted under the following industry standards for PermaFrost API ASHRAE ARI ASTM EPA ANSI UL. SINCE 1985 Quality Controlled Through Analysis
Tests conducted under the following industry standards for PermaFrost API ASHRAE ARI ASTM EPA ANSI UL SINCE 1985 Client: Powertron LLC Requested By: Mr. Tony Sgarbi Sample: 10% PermaFrost + 90% Report
More informationArticle: The Formation & Testing of Sludge in Bunker Fuels By Dr Sunil Kumar Laboratory Manager VPS Fujairah 15th January 2018
Article: The Formation & Testing of Sludge in Bunker Fuels By Dr Sunil Kumar Laboratory Manager VPS Fujairah 15th January 2018 Introduction Sludge formation in bunker fuel is the source of major operational
More informationPRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL LUBES & SPECIALTIES TURBINE OILS
PRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL LUBES & SPECIALTIES TURBINOL 32, 46, 57, 68, 77 TURBINE OILS Turbinol grades are premium quality turbine oils made from best paraffin base stocks having excellent oxidation
More informationORIGIN OF PETROLEUM (CRUDE OIL) - MODERN THEORY:
FUEL TECHNOLOGY Liquid fuels: The liquid fuels are characterized by low flash point, high calorific value, low viscosity at ordinary temperatures and low moisture and sulphur content. Petroleum is one
More informationFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs)
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs) What are the Petrochemicals? Any chemical derived from crude oil,crude products or natural gas. Where the petrochemicals are used? In the manufacture of Synthetic rubber,
More informationTest Methods & Procedures Spec Numbers Description
METHODS & PROCEDURES Test Methods & Procedures Test Methods & Procedures Spec Numbers Description Air Release Value Minutes to 0.2% air @ 50 Aniline Point Anti-Wear Vane Pump Test 250 hours, 140 bar @
More informationSCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17043:2010. ASTM INTERNATIONAL 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA Amy Meacock
SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17043:2010 ASTM INTERNATIONAL 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428 Amy Meacock 610 832 9688 PROFICIENCY TESTING PROVIDER Valid To: May 31, 2021 Certificate
More information1.1 Unless otherwise stated, the specification references and test methods are from the latest version in effect at the time of this contract.
(Page 1 of 6) LUBRICATING PRODUCTS MGS-92-12K 1.0 DESCRIPTION. This specification covers motor vehicle lubricating products for delivery in prepackaged containers such as drums, pails, etc., or for delivery
More informationSchedule of Accreditation issued by United Kingdom Accreditation Service 2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK
2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK SGS West Thurrock Laboratory Contact: David Mercer (Laboratory Manager) 859 London Road Tel: +44 (0)1708 681943 West Thurrock Fax: +44 (0)1708
More informationOrdinary lubricants are manufactured from paraffinic base oils that use low grade crudes and undergo a 3-step refining process.
Ordinary lubricants are manufactured from paraffinic base oils that use low grade crudes and undergo a 3-step refining process. NAPHTHENE PARAFFIN Oberon sets the standards in lubrication engineering with
More informationPETROLEUM WAX & VASELINE PLANT
PETROLEUM WAX & VASELINE PLANT Seoul, Korea Q_iso s Activities OPTIMUM SOLUTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRONT-END ENGINEERING PROCESS & MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INSTALLATION & CONSTRUCTION OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
More informationFig 1. API Classification of base oils
SYNTHETIC VS MINERAL OIL Introduction Oil is the life blood of an engine and just like the blood in our bodies, it is required to fulfill a number of functions. Oil does not only lubricate, it also carries
More informationBEARING OILS FOR STEEL PLANTS HP FILM OIL
BEARING OILS FOR STEEL PLANTS HP FILM OIL Special Features: HP FILM OILS are highly refined mineral oils suitable for oil film bearings used in steel plants. The product is blended from solvent extracted
More informationCOMPRESSOR OILS HYCOM VDL T 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320
COMPRESSOR OILS HYCOM VDL T 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320 Special Features: It is specially blended from saturated paraffinic Group II base stocks and selected premium grade of antioxidants, anti-rust,
More informationProduction of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Production of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria Alabadan B.A. Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University, Oye Ekiti. Ajayi
More informationSignificance of Each Test. 1. Color (Visual)
Significance of Each Test 1. Color (Visual) Determine the color of lubricant product by assessing the appearance of transmitted light appearance and intensity, as compare with a standard. Color alone is
More information360 INDEX. boiling point of gas oil components, 84 boiling range, 353 bunker fuels, 8 fuel No. 6 characteristics, 339 classification, 338
Index acidity/acid no., 351 additives aviation gasoline, 317 classification, 178 composition, 256 consumption, 182 diesel distribution, 180 diesel fuels, 179 diesel vehicle system, 181 fuels, 121, 351
More informationSpecifications of Products
ations of Products General Purpose Oil : White Mineral Oil Kinematic Viscocity 15/4 cst 40 HP-080 0.875 7.85 180 78-25.0 Lubricants and petrochemical applications, textile HS-080 0.864 8.56 158 60-35.0
More informationProject Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM DAIRY WASH WATER SCUM THROUGH HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TBC DIESEL ENGINE FOR DIFFERENT DIESEL AND METHANOL BLEND RATIOS Project Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
More informationADDRESSING CHALLENGES AROUND FOOD GRADE GREASE PRODUCTION. ICIS FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS 23 rd September 2014 in Berlin
ADDRESSING CHALLENGES AROUND FOOD GRADE GREASE PRODUCTION ICIS FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS 23 rd September 2014 in Berlin What is Grease? Grease is A solid to semi fluid product of a thickening agent in a liquid
More informationBiofuels and characteristics
Lecture-16 Biofuels and characteristics Biofuels and Ethanol Biofuels are transportation fuels like ethanol and biodiesel that are made from biomass materials. These fuels are usually blended with petroleum
More informationTESTING OF FUELS : FLASH AND FIRE POINT
Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi II Semester -- 2017 2018 MCL 241 Energy systems and Technologies TESTING OF FUELS : FLASH AND FIRE POINT 1. Introduction The
More informationАБ Тел. (495) , факс (495) 22
12. Lubrication Lubrication can be defined as the application of some materials between two objects moving relative to each other to allow smooth operation as much as necessary. Either oil or grease is
More informationDistillation process of Crude oil
Distillation process of Crude oil Abdullah Al Ashraf; Abdullah Al Aftab 2012 Crude oil is a fossil fuel, it was made naturally from decaying plants and animals living in ancient seas millions of years
More informationPURE SYNTHETIC COMPRESSOR OIL ISO 22 THROUGH ISO 220
PURE SYNTHETIC COMPRESSOR OIL #8 ISO 22 THROUGH ISO 2 Pure Synthetic Compressor Oil is a full synthetic, non-detergent, ashless, non-zinc containing anti-wear, rust and oxidation inhibited premium quality
More informationInnovations in Polyalkylene Glycol Based Lubricants STLE National Meeting
Innovations in Polyalkylene Glycol Based Lubricants STLE National Meeting May 2011 Richard Butler & Dr. Govindlal Khemchandani Chemtool, Inc. Dow Chemical PAG New Technology Polyalkylene glycols (PAG)
More informationUSES FOR RECYCLED OIL
USES FOR RECYCLED OIL What happens to your recycled used oil? Used oil, or 'sump oil' as it is sometimes called, should not be thrown away. Although it gets dirty, used oil can be cleaned of contaminants
More informationV25 THE GREEN FUEL TREATMENT
V25 THE GREEN FUEL TREATMENT BRANCH OFFICE: ADERCO EUROPE S.A. Chaussée de Louvain 275 B - 1410 Waterloo Tel: + 32/2.354.46.72 - Fax: + 32/2.354.54.10 Email: info@adercosa.be Web Site: www.aderco.com CONTENTS
More informationDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore. Energy Engineering Lab
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore Energy Engineering Lab Introduction Energy is often defined as the capacity to do work. Several different forms of energy,
More informationWhat s s in your Tank?
What s s in your Tank? Biodiesel Could Be The Answer! Matthew Brown Lakewood High School Tom Hersh Golden West Community College Overview What is biodiesel? Chemistry of biodiesel Safety Making Biodiesel
More informationPhysical Properties of Alkanes
Physical Properties of Alkanes The common physical properties that we will focus on are: Melting point Boiling point Solubility However, any inferences drawn on these may also extend to other properties
More informationCHAPTER 3 VEGETABLE OIL, BIODIESEL AND OXYGENATES AN OVERVIEW
38 CHAPTER 3 VEGETABLE OIL, BIODIESEL AND OXYGENATES AN OVERVIEW 3.1 VEGETABLE OIL AND ITS BLENDS Vegetable fats and oils are lipid materials derived from plants. Physically, oils are liquid at room temperature,
More informationGeneral Guide of Lubricants Recycle
General Guide of Lubricants Recycle This paper is a disscution on waste/used lubricating oil recycling. For Equipment & Solution Enquiry: solution@wpenvironmental.com For More Information: www.wpenvironmental.com
More informationWhite Paper Bearing Lubrication
White Paper Bearing Lubrication Lubrication of Rolling Bearings One of the most important requirements for effective function of bearing arrangements is proper lubrication. The lubricant forms the layer
More informationCONTENTS 01 GASOLINE ENGINE OILS 02 DIESEL ENGINE OILS 04 AUTOMOTIVE FLUIDS 05 AUTOMOTIVE GREASES
CONTENTS 01 GASOLINE ENGINE OILS 02 DIESEL ENGINE OILS...... 2 10 0 3 M A N U A L A U T O M O T I V E G E A R O I L S... 1 7 04 AUTOMOTIVE FLUIDS... 05 AUTOMOTIVE GREASES... 6 Oraby Street, El Tawfikeya
More informationPetroleum Refining Fourth Year Dr.Aysar T. Jarullah
Oil Products 1- Gaseous Fuels. Natural gas, which is predominantly methane, occurs in underground reservoirs separately or in association with crude oil. The principal types of gaseous fuels are oil (distillation)
More informationSoftening point by Ring & Ball. Density and relative density of liquids by Hubbart pycnometer
Softening point by Ring & Ball Density and relative density of liquids by Hubbart pycnometer Distillation of petroleum Melting point of petroleum wax Precipitation number of lubricating oils Saponification
More informationHigh Performance Industrial Lubricants for Food and Beverage Processing
High Performance Industrial Lubricants for Food and Beverage Processing AVO6048 A complete line of industrial lubricants and fluids. One Trusted Source for All Your Lubricant Needs For nearly 60 years,
More information: 20 O : , I SO.
O 00 7 IS 90 01 : 20 15, IS O 1 4 0 0 1 : 2 0 1 5, I SO :2 01 180 www.massoil-eg.com Marine Cylinder Lubricant (OMCL) Marine Cylinder Oil specially formulated for modern Low Speed 2-stroke Marine Diesel
More informationThe Analysis of Biodiesel for Trace Metals and the Development of Certified Biodiesel Standards
The Analysis of Biodiesel for Trace Metals and the Development of Certified Biodiesel Standards CRMMA Workshop Pittcon 2008 New Orleans, LA Author: Thomas Rettberg, Ph.D. VHG Labs, Inc. Manchester, NH
More informationSAMLUBE GEAR MAX RANGE EP 90; EP 80W90 & EP 85W140 (GL4)
GEAR OILS SAMLUBE GEAR MAX RANGE EP 90; EP 80W90 & EP 85W140 (GL4) High performance mild extreme pressure gear lubricant, containing multi-functional additives required for mild extreme pressure conditions.
More informationWaste Lubricating Oil Purification and Recovery
Waste Lubricating Oil Purification and Recovery It may be surprising to note that, under normal circumstances, lubricating oil cannot be easily destroyed; it only gets dirty and is easily contaminated
More informationTypes of Oil and their Properties
CHAPTER 3 Types of Oil and their Properties Oil is a general term that describes a wide variety of natural substances of plant, animal, or mineral origin, as well as a range of synthetic compounds. The
More informationuridongne co,. ltd. uridongne co., ltd. Industrial Lubricants
Industrial Lubricants uridongne co,. ltd. Lubricant Research Institute #40 Galji-ro, Namsan-myeon, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38573, South Korea TEL : +82-53-857-5900 FAX : +82-53-851-7116 www.euridongne.com
More informationEdexcel GCSE Chemistry. Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science. Fuels. Notes.
Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Topic 8: Fuels and Earth science Fuels Notes 8.1 Recall that Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only 8.2 Describe crude oil as: A complex mixture of hydrocarbons
More informationNEAT OIL SOLUTION STABILITY AND MAXIMUM ADDITIVE LOADING - A METALWORKING FLUID STABILITY STUDY
NEAT OIL SOLUTION STABILITY AND MAXIMUM ADDITIVE LOADING - A METALWORKING FLUID STABILITY STUDY Metalworking Fluids Authors: Norrby, Thomas, Malm, Linda and Bastardo-Zambrano, L. Naphthenics TechDMS, Nynas
More informationSynthetic Gear Oil Selection Dennis Lauer
Synthetic Gear Oil Selection Dennis Lauer Synthetic gear oils are used whenever mineral gear oils have reached their performance limit and can no longer meet the application requirements; for example,
More informationPPG NOVAGUARD 650 Chemical Resistance Guide
Validity of this list This resistance list supersedes all earlier issues. The information provided in this resistance list is to the best of our knowledge correct and given in good faith. It is not intended
More informationSpecialty Industrial Lubricants
Specialty Industrial Lubricants Since 1958, The Orelube Corporation has manufactured and marketed Specialty Lubricating Oils & Greases for Industrial applications worldwide. From synthetic base fluids
More informationHigh Performance Industrial Lubricants for Food and Beverage Processing
High Performance Industrial Lubricants for Food and Beverage Processing AVO6048 A complete line of industrial lubricants and fluids. One Trusted Source for All Your Lubricant Needs For nearly 60 years,
More informationSupply of Services for Detailed OEB Crude Assay Analysis
Tender Number [9900009229] Supply of Services for Detailed OEB Crude Assay Analysis SCOPE OF WORK SCOPE OF WORK 1. Introduction Orpic is the brand name for Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries
More informationAEROSHELL PRESERVATIVES
AEROSHELL AEROSHELL AeroShell Preservatives are used for the preservation and protection of aircraft, aircraft engines and aircraft components. Two classes of corrosion preservatives are used on aircraft,
More informationRENEP CGLP. High-performance slideway oils for machine tools, with excellent demulsification properties. Description. Advantages
Description The quality of machined components depends heavily on the accurate feed and accurate positioning provided by machine tool slideways with slideway oils playing an important role. Slideway oils
More informationGreases. Product Description
Greases Product Description Choosing the right grease The correct choice of grease is a critical feature in cost effective lubrication. Here is a set of useful recommendations for common grease applications
More informationProposal to Determine Various Properties of Biodiesel Fuels Based on Methyl Ester. Composition. Jason Freischlag. Dr. Porter Chem /25/2013
1 Proposal to Determine Various Properties of Biodiesel Fuels Based on Methyl Ester Composition Jason Freischlag Dr. Porter Chem 402 11/25/2013 2 Specific Aims Biodiesel is an alternative fuel source that
More informationVarious tests and analysis will be carried out at testing laboratory on the received samples such as:
2 Testing Various tests and analysis will be carried out at testing laboratory on the received samples such as: - General Quality Control Test - Special Analysis Tests as requested 2.1 General Quality
More informationCommercial and Industrial Products
Commercial and Industrial Products Lubricants, filters and services for off-road and industrial applications Reduced operating costs Greater fuel economy Increased equipment durability Extended drain intervals
More informationRANDO HDZ. Rando HDZ, our premium, zinc additized, anti-wear hydraulic oil that helps provide you with:
HYDRAULIC OILS RANDO HDZ The demands on your equipment, time and bottom line multiply daily. Rando HDZ helps keep your equipment operating longer, faster and harder, allowing you to extend the time between
More informationBunkering With New Fuels Building on Strong Foundations.
Bunkering With New Fuels Building on Strong Foundations. Intertek ShipCare Services. Michael Green. Global Technical Manager Bunker Fuel Testing. 1 Sulphur Regulations Marpol Annex VI Marpol Annex VI introduced
More informationExperimental investigation on constant-speed diesel engine fueled with. biofuel mixtures under the effect of fuel injection
Experimental investigation on constant-speed diesel engine fueled with biofuel mixtures under the effect of fuel injection 1 I. Vinoth kanna *, 2 K. Subramani, 3 A. Devaraj 1 2 3 Department of Mechanical
More informationREFRIGERANTS AND LUBRICANTS
Service Engineers Section Bulletin No 10 REFRIGERANTS AND 1.0 INTRODUCTION - THE NEED FOR IN REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS Lubricants (oils) are required in refrigeration systems to: Reduce friction by interposing
More informationMONITORING SOLUTION FOR MARINE MAIN ENGINE CYLINDERS PROTECTION
COLD CORROSION MONITORING SOLUTION FOR MARINE MAIN ENGINE CYLINDERS PROTECTION UNIMARINE MARINE ENGINES CYLINDERS SCRAPE-DOWN OIL ANALYSIS (CSDOA) FOCUS ON PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE UniMarine provides high
More informationContents. Rubber Process Oils Secondary Plasticiser for Thermoplastics, Elastomers & Plastics Aromatic Naphthenic...
Process Oils Contents Product Page Rubber Process Oils... 3 Aromatic... 3 Naphthenic... 4 Paraffinic... 5 Secondary Plasticiser for Thermoplastics, Elastomers & Plastics... 5 Process Oils Rubbers both
More informationCoking and Thermal Process, Delayed Coking
Coking and Thermal Process, Delayed Coking Fig:4.1 Simplified Refinery Flow Diagram [1,2] Treatment processes : To prepare hydrocarbon streams for additional processing and to prepare finished products.
More informationJOHNSON CONTROLS PARTS CENTRE. Sabroe S68 refrigeration oil
JOHNSON CONTROLS PARTS CENTRE refrigeration oil Hydro-treated, high performance oil for refrigeration Sabroe offers the highest quality lubricants available for today s refrigeration market. The increased
More information294A SUPREME GEAR LUBE NO TACK SAE 140 and ISO GRADES 320, 460, 680
294A SUPREME GEAR LUBE NO TACK SAE 140 and ISO GRADES 320, 460, 680 Supreme Gear Lube No Tack is a multipurpose thermally stable and thermally durable para-synthetic gear lubricant that is recommended
More informationNeutral Oils : 60R, 110RVL, 100R, 150R, 220R, 600R
Neutral Oils : 60R, 1RVL, 0R, 150R, 220R, 600R (80) Neutral Oils are all-hydroprocessed, / II+ paraffinic base oils that can be used in blending in a variety of lubricant and process oils. Application
More informationOxidation Loss of additive effectiveness Dispersancy, Corrosion, Wear Permanent viscosity drop in multi - grade oils
Used oil analysis is comparable to a medical analysis with a blood test. Like blood, lubricating oil contains a good deal of information about the envelope in which it circulates. Wear of metallic parts,
More informationFuel oils Specification
TANZANIA STANDARD CDC15 (4029)P3 (Rev. of TZS 673:2014) Fuel oils Specification 0 Foreword This Tanzania Standard was prepared under the direction of Petroleum and Petroleum Products Technical committee,
More informationModule 2:Genesis and Mechanism of Formation of Engine Emissions Lecture 9:Mechanisms of HC Formation in SI Engines... contd.
Mechanisms of HC Formation in SI Engines... contd. The Lecture Contains: HC from Lubricating Oil Film Combustion Chamber Deposits HC Mixture Quality and In-Cylinder Liquid Fuel HC from Misfired Combustion
More informationBiodiesel. As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is
Aaron Paternoster CHEM 380 10D Prof. Laurie Grove January 30, 2015 Biodiesel Introduction As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is proving to be an economically
More informationPalm Fatty Acids Esterification on Heterogeneous Catalysis
Palm Fatty Acids Esterification on Heterogeneous Catalysis Prof. Donato Aranda,Ph.D Laboratório Greentec Escola Nacional de Química Federal University Rio de Janeiro Tomar, Bioenergy I March, 2006 Fossil
More informationSYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL
SYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL AIM 1. To generate laboratory know-how for the process of production of biodiesel from the given oil feed stock 2. To perform basic mass and energy balance calculations for a large
More information#281A SYNTHETIC PLUS HEAT TRANSFER OIL
#281A SYNTHETIC PLUS HEAT TRANSFER OIL Synthetic Plus Heat Transfer Oil is a non-corrosive, non-fouling, para-synthetic heat transfer fluid that is formulated to provide fast and efficient heat transfer
More informationEmission Analysis of Biodiesel from Chicken Bone Powder
Research Paper Volume 2 Issue 7 March 2015 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 Emission Analysis of Biodiesel from Chicken Paper ID IJIFR/ V2/ E7/ 058 Page
More informationAutomotive Technology
International Conference on Automotive Technology An Experimental Study on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using CME- Diesel Blends. Hari Vasudevan a*,sandip
More informationHAND BOOK OF LUBRICANTS, GREASES AND PETROCHEMICALS TECHNOLOGY
HAND BOOK OF LUBRICANTS, GREASES AND PETROCHEMICALS TECHNOLOGY Click to enlarge DescriptionAdditional ImagesReviews (0)Related Books HAND BOOK OF LUBRICANTS, GREASES AND PETROCHEMICALS TECHNOLOGY PRODUCT
More informationOil & Gas. From exploration to distribution. Week 3 V19 Refining Processes (Part 1) Jean-Luc Monsavoir. W3V19 - Refining Processes1 p.
Oil & Gas From exploration to distribution Week 3 V19 Refining Processes (Part 1) Jean-Luc Monsavoir W3V19 - Refining Processes1 p. 1 Crude Oil Origins and Composition The objective of refining, petrochemical
More informationPERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINE USING JATROPHA CURCAS BIO-DIESEL
Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 15, No. 4 28 PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINE USING JATROPHA CURCAS BIO-DIESEL Dr (Miss) S L Sinha Mr Vinay Kumar Kar 2 Reader, National Institute of Technology
More informationEmission Analysis Of The Biodiesel From Papaya And Chicken Blends
Research Paper Volume 2 Issue 7 March 2015 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 Emission Analysis Of The Biodiesel From Paper ID IJIFR/ V2/ E7/ 059 Page No.
More informationRACING ONLY ENGINE OILS SEMI-SYNTHETIC RACING ONLY ENGINE OILS
RACING ENGINE OIL RACING ONLY ENGINE OILS High ZINC fortified Perfect oil for high RPM engines Extra protection Lower oil temperature Less drag for more horsepower! Compatible with methanol or racing gas
More informationParagon Scientific Ltd Proficiency Testing Scheme Schedule
Paragon Scientific Ltd Proficiency Testing Scheme Schedule Proficiency Testing Scheme Schedule Page 1 of 16 Issue : 29/01/2015 Print : 25/06/2018 Viscosity ASTM D445 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic
More informationGOVERNMENT SPECIFICATION NUMBER TITLE NAME. MIL-PRF Type 2 Grease, Aircraft and Royco 27 Instrument, Gear and Actuator Screw
MIL-PRF-23699F Lubricating Oil, Aircraft, Turbine Engines, Synthetic Base Type Std. Royco 500 Type CI Royco 899 Type HTS Royco 560 MIL-PRF-23827 Type 2 Grease, Aircraft and Royco 27 Instrument, Gear and
More informationFundamentals of Petroleum Refining Refinery Products. Lecturers: assistant teachers Kirgina Maria Vladimirovna Belinskaya Natalia Sergeevna
Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining Refinery Products Lecturers: assistant teachers Kirgina Maria Vladimirovna Belinskaya Natalia Sergeevna 1 Refinery Products Composition There are specifications for over
More informationFocus on Training Section: Unit 3
All Pump Types Page 1 1. Title Page Unit learning objectives Understand the properties of common types of fuels Understand the principals of filtration Be able to make recommendations regarding fuel storage
More informationParts and Service Memo. Grease Selection. Calibration PSM JAW MSC. October 1, 2013 PSM JAW MSC
Parts and Service Memo PSM 025 1310 JAW MSC SUBJECT: Jaw Crushers. Jaw Bearing Lubrication Intervals. As a followup to PSM 022 released November 2012, this bulletin is to remind users of KPI-JCI Legendary
More informationNormal vs Abnormal Combustion in SI engine. SI Combustion. Turbulent Combustion
Turbulent Combustion The motion of the charge in the engine cylinder is always turbulent, when it is reached by the flame front. The charge motion is usually composed by large vortexes, whose length scales
More informationI-4 : lp : ISO : Isomer :
Contents I... 2 I-4 :... 2 ILMA :... 2 ILSAC :... 2 Inhibitor :... 2 Internal Combustion Engine :... 2 lp :... 2 ISO :... 2 ISO viscosity classification system :... 2 Isomer :... 2 Isooctane :... 2 Isoparaffin
More informationChapter- 5 Grease Formulations
Chapter- 5 Grease Formulations 5. INTRODUCTION Contribution of the chapter is toward the application part related to the work apportioned in chapter-3 that is application of depolymerized products (considered
More informationHigh-performance slideway oils for machine tools, with excellent demulsification properties
CGLP SLIDEWAY OILS High-performance slideway oils for machine tools, with excellent demulsification properties Description The quality of machined components depends heavily on the accurate feed and accurate
More information2-CYCLE, SMALL ENGINE, MOTORCYCLE & MARINE VEHICLES
2-CYCLE, SMALL ENGINE, MOTORCYCLE & MARINE VEHICLES 2-CYCLE CLAIMS PACK SIZES Universal * 12/2.6 Ounces 60179 12/8 Ounces 60138 Synthetic Universal * 12/2.6 Ounces 63119 Synthetic Blend with Fuel Stabilizer
More informationProtea Series. The green fuel oil additives for power generation
Protea Series The green fuel oil additives for power generation SystemSeparation SystemSeparation is an innovative speciality chemical company that provides a unique platform for creating more financial
More information