Reducing emissions. Increasing performance.

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Linette Knight
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1 Reducing emissions. Increasing performance.

2 Now less means more. Finally, emissions solutions that actually benefit the environment and farmers. For the first time since the U.S. and Canadian Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA) and the European Union (EU) began tightening emission requirements, farmers will reap environmental rewards without taking a performance hit. Case IH Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology improves horsepower, engine responsiveness, fuel economy and engine reliability. All while lowering emissions. This makes SCR the superior solution for engines over 100 HP. What we re fighting to reduce. Because of the impurity of fossil fuels, several pollutants are created during the combustion process, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). NOx: Nitrogen oxides are one of the causes of acid rain, which could lead to lower crop yields. PM: Particulate matter is mainly composed of minute particles and other pollutants. The effects of inhaling particulate matter have been widely studied in humans and animals and may include asthma, lung cancer and cardiovascular issues.

EPA Requirements NOx (g/kwh) PM (g/kwh) Tier 4 regulations are being introduced in two phases.

3 EPA Emissions Standards The most critical pollutants, NOx and PM, have both been reduced by approximately 60% since In the next few years, a 90% reduction of NOx and PM will be achieved. EPA Requirements NOx (g/kwh) PM (g/kwh) Tier 4 regulations are being introduced in two phases. The interim phase goes into effect in 2011, and the final phase goes into effect in Tier 1 (1996) Tier 2 (2002) Tier 3 (2006) Tier 4a interim (2011) Tier 4b (2014)

The engine has been designed for optimal power and performance, reducing the particulate matter created by incomplete fuel burning.

4 Getting under the hood of SCR. How it works. SCR is an after-treatment system that uses an external catalyst to convert NOx into nitrogen and water. The chemical reaction is initiated by a nontoxic, odorless mixture of chemical urea and purified water called Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF). The engine has been designed for optimal power and performance, reducing the particulate matter created by incomplete fuel burning. In the end, exhaust from Case IH SCR engines is cleaner than the intake air. Boosting engine performance and productivity. Having the SCR system separate from the engine has a number of advantages. SCR catalyst Dosing module Supply module DEF tank More power Engines can be adjusted to maximize horsepower versus wasting it on a larger cooling system. Better fuel economy Smaller engine displacement can be used with greater horsepower, leading to fuel savings. Better reliability and durability Thanks to reduced heat rejection of internal engine components. More fuel choices The engine can still run on all diesel fuel varieties and grades, including up to 100 percent biodiesel.

5 Tried and true. Our SCR technology has been around the block. As part of Fiat, Case IH sources engines from Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT), which has several years of experience with SCR systems in Europe. Since 2006, FPT has sold 100,000 vehicles equipped with the technology. SCR technology also is widely used in the trucking industry. In the field with you. Only Case IH has a full team of professionals ready to help you implement an SCR system that fits the way you farm. Our product specialists, technical service managers, customer support and field services staff will work with Case IH dealers and customers to integrate DEF availability, handling and performance into seamless on-farm systems. What about Exhaust Gas Recirculation? For engines less than 100 HP, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is a great solution, which is why we re implementing Cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (CEGR) for our light-duty engines. But it doesn t perform as well on medium to heavy-duty engines, causing higher operating costs and significant reductions in power density. We believe it s important to have the right solution for each class of engine, instead of a one-size-fits-all approach. And for medium to heavy-duty engines, SCR is the superior solution. SCR is the path forward. The industry s leading engineers say all equipment manufacturers will need SCR technology on medium to heavy-duty engines to meet final EPA Tier 4B/EU Stage 4 standards. That means that manufacturers investing in EGR to meet interim requirements for engines over 100 HP will have to play catch-up to meet final Tier 4 requirements in At Case IH, we ve already invested in the R&D to get you there.

6 10 reasons SCR is the right choice Lower fuel consumption: The efficiency of the combustion process and smaller engine displacement, combined with greater horsepower, optimizes fuel consumption. Outstanding performance: Since SCR is an after-treatment system, the engine is designed to maximize torque and power with faster response in the field. Longer service interval: The optimized combustion process preserves oil s physical properties, reducing maintenance activities and related downtime. High reliability: SCR system allows the engine to reduce heat rejection of many internal engine components, leading to better reliability. Unbeatable durability: The reduction of PM inside the engine eliminates clogging problems and the need for regeneration often required with EGR. Compact packaging: SCR systems are more thermodynamically efficient than Tier 3/Stage IIIA engines. This allows for greater horsepower from smaller engines. Wide fuel compatibility: SCR systems work regardless of fuel quality and are not influenced by the presence of traditional pollutant substances in the fuel. No part of Tier 4 particulate control involves the use of ultra-low sulfur diesel. User-friendly solution: SCR systems are simple. The only thing you have to do is refill the DEF at regular fuel intervals. Environmental care: Pollutants produced during the combustion process are converted into harmless N 2 and H 2 0, already present in the environment. Advanced technology: SCR is recognized by many engine manufacturers as the technology of the future to be compliant with Tier 4 final/stage IV.

Common questions. Answers to the most frequently asked questions about SCR, CEGR and compliance. Why did Case IH decide to offer two Tier 4 technologies?

7 Common questions. Answers to the most frequently asked questions about SCR, CEGR and compliance. Why did Case IH decide to offer two Tier 4 technologies? CEGR is the best solution for customers with small, light-duty engines, where space is a real constraint and engine size wouldn t make relevant fuel savings. By providing more power and better fuel economy, SCR is the best solution for medium and heavy-duty diesel engines. What does the Case IH SCR system include? A DEF tank; DEF supply module to move DEF from the tank to the injector; an injector that meters DEF into the exhaust system; an SCR chamber/muffler where DEF mixes with exhaust gas and reacts to form nitrogen vapor and water vapor; and a NOx sensor to measure the amount of NOx leaving the SCR chamber. What s DEF? Diesel Exhaust Fluid, also referred to as AdBlue, is 32.5 percent automotive grade urea and de-ionized water. DEF helps convert NOx into harmless water vapor and nitrogen vapor. What does it take to keep my SCR system running? Refill the DEF tank during regular refueling each refill lasts through two tanks of fuel or when you re checking fluid levels. While farmers are used to keeping tanks full, a warning light also will signal that your DEF tank is running low. Do I need to upgrade my Case IH Tier 3 tractor? No. All tractors manufactured before the Tier 4 transition are exempt from new EPA/EU Tier 4 regulations. A Case IH Tier 3 engine can t be converted to a Tier 4 SCR system. Where can I buy DEF? Case IH dealers will stock DEF in several different container sizes (jugs, drums and totes). An on-farm bulk storage unit also will be available. DEF is already sold at many truck stop chains, fuel stations, trucking companies and agriculture co-ops. It will become even more widely available as manufacturers prepare for the final EPA Tier 4B/EU Stage 4 emissions standards. A link can be found at caseih.com that will show you where you can find DEF distribution outlets in your area. What do I do when DEF freezes? The freezing point is -11 C/12 F, and DEF will gel below -4 C/25 F. Regulations require an SCR system to function within 30 minutes after the engine starts, but it takes the Case IH SCR less time than that to defrost. Once the engine warms the DEF tank, it won t be affected by freezing temperatures. With a Case IH SCR system, you might not even know the DEF tank is frozen, because the tractor will operate normally with no power loss. How long can I store DEF? Properly stored, DEF will last about 36 months. Will mud and debris affect SCR? No. Unlike EGR, which uses an easy to plug particulate filter, the Case IH SCR system is designed to meet the demands of rugged agriculture and heavy construction applications. Visit caseih.com to post a question for our engineers and to find out what others are saying about SCR.

8 Case IH is a registered trademark of CNH America LLC. Any trademarks referred to herein, in association with goods and/or services of companies other than CNH America LLC, are the property of those respective companies. CNH America LLC reserves the right to make improvements in design and changes in specifications at any time without notice and CIH without incurring any obligation to install them on units previously sold. Specifications, descriptions and illustrative material herein are as accurate as known at time of publication, but are subject to change without notice. Availability of some models and equipment builds varies according to the country in which the equipment is used CNH America LLC. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. Cert no. SCS-COC Printed with low VOC inks 10%

Looking ahead to tier 4

Looking ahead to tier 4 Donora, PA For five days, a cloud of air pollution overtakes the industrial town of Donora, Pennsylvania, sickening 40% of the town. 20 die. 194 8 Where does tier 4 come from? All