Profile Gaskets. Profile Gaskets with Covering Layers. Grooved Gaskets with Standard Profile. Grooved Gaskets with Convex Profile.
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1 Gaskets with Covering Layers Grooved Gaskets with Standard Gaskets Grooved Gaskets with Convex CONVEX Gaskets EN ISO 900
2 Gaskets Gaskets Gasket Types Page 3 Construction Materials Page 3 Grooved Gaskets with Standard Page 4 Grooved Gaskets with Convex Page 5 CONVEX Gaskets Page 6 Dimension Tables Raised Face Flanges: Pages 7- Works Standard 45 for DIN Flanges Works Standard 46 for ANSI B6.5 Flanges Works Standard 47 for ASME B6.47 Series A Flanges Works Standard 0 for DIN Flanges Works Standard 00 for ANSI B 6.5 Flanges Works Standard 36 for ASME 6.47 Series A Flanges To DIN 697 For Groove to Groove Flanges Page To DIN 5 Tongue and Groove Flanges Page To DIN 69 To ANSI B 6.5 Male and Female Flanges Page To DIN 69 To ANSI B6.5
3 Gasket Types Grooved gaskets have been proved successful in all industrial applications. Grooved gaskets are found in conventional power plants as well as in the primary circuits of nuclear power plants. In the first case e.g. as heat exchanger gaskets or as closure gaskets, in the second case e.g. as manhole gaskets at the steam generator or at the standup pressure vessel. Also in the chemical and petro-chemical industries grooved gaskets have shown excellent results, particularly where both high-pressure and temperatures resulting high bolt loads are to be controlled. In order to protect the flanges from damage caused by the grooved gaskets sharp edges, these gaskets are used in practice with covering layers of PTFE,, A.F.S.*, aluminum or silver. The flanges are then entirely protected. The profile geometry is selected to relate to the thickness of the covering layer of 0.5 mm (or in special case.0 mm). Kempchen has developed different profiles in order to meet the varying properties of the covering layer materials. However, the purpose of the relatively soft covering layers is not only to protect the flanges but also to seal at low minimum contact pressures. In the recesses of the grooved gaskets, filled with the layer material a triaxial state of stress is created. For these gaskets only the gasket supporting ring or the flange material limits the loading capacity. Consequently the stability of this combination is considerably higher than that of pure PTFE,, A.F.S.*, aluminum or silver gaskets. Kempchen manufactures grooved gaskets from DN 0 up to a diameter of 3600mm. Also manufacturing facilities exist for larger diameters, customer requirements and oval or frame gaskets. For heat exchangers with baffles the gaskets are equipped with grooved ribs. Materials of Construction The sketch depicts centering rings for a nominal gasket thickness of 4mm.,5,0,0 Fig. Fig. 3 Fig. 5 gaskets are available to Kempchen works standard WN 00, WN 0, WN 36, WN 46 and WN 47. Grooved type gaskets to DIN 697 are also available. Gaskets to work standards 00 and 0 are designed with only a single gasket width for all pressure ranges. According to theory the gasket width b D = (d - d / should increase with larger nominal pressures. The simplification in Kempchen standard 00 and 0 is possible because of the very large differences of σϑ and σv, as stated in the application safety factor S B= σϑ/ σv. For difficult applications, e.g. high pressure and temperature changes, external forces and moments the gasket width should be determined referring to Kempchen publication "The Optimization of Static Gaskets". Metal core materials 0,5,5 Fig. Fig ,5 Gaskets CONVEX gasket frames for rectangular flanges are welded as mitre joints. Grooved gaskets are hard soldered. Gaskets for raised face flanges or for flat flanges are manufactured with a centering ring to center the gasket with the bolts. Centering rings less than 0 mm are a single part with the metal core. For wider centering rings a relieving groove is machined (figure. For applications with gaseous media it is recommended to use a loosely mounted centering ring. Loosely mounted centering rings are also advantageous for large temperature gradients between the inner and outer diameter. This type centering ring is either mounted in an outside groove (figures -4) or spot welded to the metal core (figure 5). Covering Materials PTFE,, asbestos free fiber and in special cases silver and aluminum are used. The covering layers are usually attached to the grooved metal gaskets with an adhesive. The thickness of the gasket as installed is increased by the compressed thickness of the covering layers. For austenitic pipelines, vessels and valves layers of PTFE or are recommended. The covering material is either mounted without an adhesive or using an adhesive with low chloride content. Metallic covering layers for narrow gaskets with d [mm] b D < 0,5 d [mm] can be manufactured as single inner eyelet. For b D > 0,5 d [mm] two-piece d [mm] jacket is proved. 0,5 0,5 s 0,5 0,5 s 3
4 Gaskets Standard Grooved Gaskets The groove crests of the standard profile are located in a plane and the groove roots are parallel to them. This design is similar to DIN 697.The soft sealing layer thickness is 0.5mm for, A.F.S. *, aluminum and silver and 0,35mmfor PTFE This profile type should be used preferably for tongue and groove or male and female flanges. Kempchen standard 3 defines the minimumrequirements. 90 O ~0.33 s B7A should be used for tongue and groove and for male and female flanges. B9A is designed with a integrated centering ring for flat and raised face flanges. For applications with gaseous media and high temperature differences between inner and outer diameter,profile B5A designed with a loosely connected centering is recommended. Grooved profile ring type E7A is designed to seal groove to groove flanges. Cross-Section GasketThicknessandGroovePitch ToKempchenStandard3 For tongue and groove flanges and male and female flanges. DN NPS t s to 80 resp.. to 3½".5 from 00 to 300 resp. 4" to ".0 from 350 to 900 resp. 4" to 36".5.5 over 900 resp. 36" t Standard Groove todin697 R =6 z Orders to DIN 697 Standard groove type profile must be combined with layer of.0 mm thickness and PTFElayers of 0.5 mmthickness. 0,3 90 O,5 0.5 s 0.5 0, 0,75 B7A B9A B5A E7A Critical notes ongaskets without Layers According to DIN 697 grooved gaskets can be used without covering layers. In general relatively soft metal is used to avoid the grooves from damaging the flange surfaces. Toprevent this damages gaskets with soft covering layers are preferably used.the groove crests have awidth of about 0.mm. The contact diameter bd is calculated as b D =Z 0., an equal surface pressure assumed. Zis defined as the number of teeth in the grooved profile. Grooved gaskets without covering layers have hollow spaces and no steady sealing behavior.in operation the groove crests get compressed. This leads to asealing width of b D >Z 0.. Therefore Kempchen does not recommend using grooved gaskets without covering layers. Material Recommended maximum flange surface roughness (max.peak to valley height) Recommended minimum and maximumsurface pressures at 0 C (68 F) Recommended minimum and maximumsurface pressures at 300 C (57 F) µm N/mm N/mm from to σ v σ ϑ σ v σ ϑ PTFE.454 B7A, B9A, B5A, E7A.454 PTFE**.454 A.F.S.*.454 aluminium.454 silver ) Grooved gaskets with PTFE layers are usable to 300 C (57 F) only with restrictions. * A.F.S. Asbestos Free Fiber Sheet up to 50 C (30 F). ** Depending on the media gaskets with PTFE layers or PTFE envelopes may develop electrostatic charges. Therefore gaskets and piping must necessarily be properly grounded.
5 The 'CONVEX' Grooved Gasket s B7A, B9A, B5A and E7A are "convex" grooved gaskets. Compared with standard design they have better sealing behavior. The crests have - as all other profiles - the same parallel plane. Bottoms of the grooves however follow a convex root form. Soft sealing covering layers of plastically moldable material form a thick padding in the middle of the profile. The higher specific contact pressure in the middle causes localized extraordinary good flow of the sealing covering layers into the flange surfaces unevenness and roughness. The soft sealing layer thickness is 0.5mm for, A.F.S. *, aluminum and silver and 0,35mm for PTFE. The "convex" Grooved gaskets to profile B7A, B9A, B5A and E7A minimizes edge pressure due to flange rotation. Standard gaskets lift at the inner diameter under flange rotation conditions (about degree max.) because the main force of the flanges is located more towards the outer side of the gasket diameter. With the newly developed profiles B7A, B9A, B5A and E7A the contact diameter bd is preserved. These gaskets are particularly suited for flange connections under cycling pressures and temperatures. Types B7A is designed for tongue and groove and male and female type joints. For raised face and flat face flanges profile B9A is the proper choice. For high temperatures and gaseous media between inner and outer diameter profile B5A with loosely mounted centering ring is recommendable. Grooved gasket ring E7A is designed purposefully to fit groove to groove flanges. Cross-Section B7A B9A B5A Gaskets E7A Surface pressures The soft layer material of the convex grooved gasket determines the minimal required surface pressure σ. The maximum allowable surface pressure σϑ at temperature ϑ determines the force the gasket has to withstand. The metal core material determines σ. ϑ v Ød D Material Recommended maximum flange surface roughness (max. peak to valley height) Recommended minimum and maximum surface pressures at 0 C (68 F) Recommended minimum and maximum surface pressures at 300 C (57 F) µm N/mm N/mm from to σ v σ ϑ σ v σ ϑ PTFE** B7A, B9A, B5A, E7A PTFE**.454 A.F.S.*.488 grahpite.454 aluminium.454 silver.488 silver ) Grooved gaskets with PTFE layers are usable to 300 C (57 F) only with restrictions. * A.F.S. Asbestos Free Fiber Sheet up to 50 C (30 F). ** Depending on the media gaskets with PTFE layers or PTFE envelopes may develop electrostatic charges. Therefore gaskets and piping must necessarily be properly grounded. 5
6 Gaskets CONVEX Gaskets The soft sealing surfaces are easily and safely mounted on the convex shaped metal supporting surface with a nearly chlorine free adhesive. There are no grooves which could be filled with adhesive. The soft sealing layers are completely supported by the smooth surface of the convex metal ring. In comparison to grooved gaskets, where adherence lines are on the crests, the convex surface offers a more secure adherence to the metal core even for sensitive soft sealing layers. To facilitate handling, mounting and to prevent damage backing edges protect the soft sealing layers. It is possible to provide aluminum or silver metal layers. Convex gaskets as opposed to DIN or Kempchen Standard grooved type gaskets, flat or convex designs have the advantage in the elimination of the stress concentration in the groove bottoms. Damage due to stress corrosion cracking that occurs in zones of internal stresses or higher stresses due to in service conditions are therefore eliminated. Also damage due to load reversals that are possibly caused by a leakage stream are not expected to occur with the new convex gasketing with covering layers. Another means to reduce internal stress, even under high temperature differences, is the loosely mounted centering ring. Up to an including diameter of 3600mm convex gaskets can be machined in a seamless finish. Convex gaskets in frame shape e.g. for use in rectangular heat exchanges with right angle flanges can be supplied. References for pressures in excess of 00bar exist Description 5 7 Sealing part of soft plastic deformable material. Metal support ring. 3 Metal centering ring 4/5 Inner and outer backing rings that protect the ( seal ring against scratches and extrusion 6 Sealing area under increased surface pressure 7 Sloping area on the outer and inner sealing part cases decreasing surface pressure towards the backing edges to avoid edge pressure. 6/7 A smooth notch less surface area as the curved profile is manufactured without grooves. 8 Outside groove, which holds the centering ring and avoids overstressing of the outer metal backing edge in the event if rotating flanges. 9 Loosely mounted centering ring preventing high thermal or torsional stresses at elevated or high temperature differentials. 6 4 Cross-Section s B45A b D Ø d 3 Ø d Ø d B47A s = 0.5 mm up to DN 500, s =.0 mm DN 600 up to DN 000, s =.5 mm from DN 00. B49A Material Recommended maximum flange surface roughness (max. peak to valley height) Recommended minimum and maximum surface pressures at 0 C (68 F) Recommended minimum and maximum surface pressures at 300 C (57 F) µm N/mm N/mm from to σ v σ ϑ σ v σ ϑ PTFE** B45A, B47A, B49A PTFE**.454 A.F.S.* aluminium.454 silver.488 silver ) CONVEX gaskets with PTFE layers are usable to 300 C (57 F) only with restrictions. * A.F.S. Asbestos Free Fiber Sheet up to 50 C (30 F). ** Depending on the media, gaskets with PTFE layers or PTFE envelopes may develop electrostatic charges. Therefore gaskets and piping must necessarily be properly grounded.
7 Dimension Tables -0, 5 4 ) Raised Face Flanges Gaskets d 3 d d Works Standard 45 for DIN flanges B9A, nominal diameter 00mm, nominal pressure 40 bar, works standard 45, of : Grooved gasket profile B9A, DN 00, PN 40, works standard 45,.454 /. Dimensions in mm PN 0- PN 40 PN 50- PN 400 ) Other thickness on request. DN d3 d d d d PN 0 PN 6 PN 5 PN 40 PN 63 PN 00 PN 60 PN 50 PN 30 PN PN 63- PN Ød 3 Ød Ød 4* * thickness of metal core ±0, 3,8 mm for nominal thickness 4 mm. 7
8 Gaskets Dimension Tables Works Standard 46 for ANSI B6.5 flanges B9A, nominal diameter 5 inches for ANSI flanges, class 600lbs, works standard 46, of : Dimensions in mm d 3 NPS d d d d ½ ,4 50,8 50,8 50,8 60,3 60,3 66,7 ¾ ,9 63,5 63,5 63,5 66,7 66,7 73, ,5 69,8 69,5 69,5 76, 76, 8,5 ¼ ,0 79,4 79,4 79,4 85,7 85,7 0,6 ½ ,5 9, 9, 9, 95, 95, 4, ,8 08,0 08,0 08,0 39,7 39,7 4,8 ½ ,6 7,0 7,0 7,0 6,9 6,9 65, ,4 46, 46, 46, 65, 7,5 93,7 3½ ,8 6,9 58,7 58, ,5 77,8 74,6 90,5 03, 06,4 3, ,7,7 09,5 38, 44,5 50,8 76, , 47,7 44,5 63,5 85,8 79,4 34, , 304,8 30,6 37,5 355,6 349,3 384, ,5 358,8 355,6 396,9 43,8 43,8 473, ,4 49, 45,9 454,0 495,3 57,5 546, ,7 48,6 479,4 488,9 57,5 574, , 536,6 533,4 56,9 57,5 638, , 593,7 590,5 609,6 635,0 70, , 650,9 644,5 679,5 695,3 75, ,4 77,5 765, 787,4 835,0 898, Grooved gasket profile B9A, 5", 600, works standard 46,.454 /. Works Standard 47 for ANSI B6.5 series A flanges B9A, nominal diameter 30 inches for ANSI flanges B6.47 series A, class 600lbs, works standard 47, of : Grooved gasket profile B9A, 30", 600, works standard 47,.454 /. required. 8 Dimensions in mm d 3 NPS d d d d
9 -0,5 4 ) Raised Face Flanges Works Standard 0* For DIN flanges B9A, nominal diameter 00mm, nominal pressure 40 bar, works standard 0, of : Gaskets d d Grooved gasket profile B9A, DN 00, PN 40, works standard 0,.454 /. d 3 * Grooved gaskets to Kempchen standard 45, designed with a pressure range optimized sealing width, are also available. ±0. ) The thickness of the metal core is 3.8 mm for a 4mm nominal thickness. Other thickness on request. Dimensions in mm DN d3 d d PN 0 PN 6 PN 5 PN 40 PN 63 PN 00 PN 60 PN 50 PN 30 PN Ød 3 Ød Ød 4* * thickness of metal core 3,8±0, mm for nominal thickness 4 mm. 9
10 Gaskets 0 Dimension Tables Works Standard 00* For ANSI B6.5 flanges * B9A, nominal diameter 5 inches for ANSI flanges, class 600, works standard 00, of : ) The thickness of the metal core is 3.8 Grooved gasket profile B9A, 5", 600, works standard Other thickness on request. 00,.454 /. d3 NPS d d ½ 3,0 33,3 44,4 50,8 50,8 50,8 60,3 60,3 66,7 ¾ 8,6 39,7 53,9 63,5 63,5 63,5 66,7 66,7 73,0 36,5 47,6 63,5 69,8 63,5 69,5 76, 76, 8,5 ¼ 44,4 60,3 73,0 79,4 79,4 79,4 85,7 85,7 0,6 ½ 5,4 69,8 8,5 9, 9, 9, 95, 95, 4,3 69,8 88,9 0,8 08,0 08,0 08,0 39,7 39,7 4,8 ½ 8,5 0,6 0,6 7,0 7,0 7,0 6,9 6,9 65, 3 98,4 3,8 33,4 46, 46, 46, 65, 7,5 93,7 3½, 36,5 58,8 6,9 58,7 58, ,8 54,0 7,5 77,8 74,6 90,5 03, 06,4 3,7 5 50,8 8,6 93,7,7 09,5 38, 44,5 50,8 76, 6 77,8,7 9, 47,7 44,5 63,5 85,8 79,4 34,3 8 8,6 66,7 76, 304,8 30,6 37,5 355,6 349,3 384, 0 8,6 30,7 336,5 358,8 355,6 396,9 43,8 43,8 473,0 339,7 377,8 406,4 49, 45,9 454,0 495,3 57,5 546, 4 37,5 409,6 447,7 48,6 479,4 488,9 57,5 574,7-6 4,3 466,7 5, 536,6 533,4 56,9 57,5 638, ,4 530, 546, 593,7 590,5 609,6 635,0 70, , 58,0 603, 650,9 644,5 679,5 695,3 75,4-4 63,8 68,6 74,4 77,5 765, 787,4 835,0 898,5 - Works Standard 36* For ASME B6.47 series A flanges B9A, nominal diameter 30 inches for ASME B6.47 series A flanges, class 600, works standard 36, of :: Dimensions in mm d3 NPS d d Grooved gaskets to Kempchen standard 46, designed with a pressure range optimized sealing width, are also available. ±0. mm for a 4mm nominal thickness. Grooved gasket profile B9A, 30", class 600, works standard 36,.454 /. * Grooved gaskets to Kempchen standard 47, designed with a pressure range optimized sealing width, are also available. ±0. ) The thickness of the metal core is 3.8 mm for a 4mm nominal thickness. Other thickness on request.
11 DIN 697 B7A, I.D. d =5mm and O.D. d =6mm of : Grooved gasket profile B7A, 5x6, DIN 697,.454 /. Dimensions in mm Raised Face Flanges Groove to Groove Flanges B9A, I.D. d =5mm and O.D. d =80mm of : Grooved gasket profile B9A, 5x80, DIN 697,.454 /. 5) d3 for PN DN 3 4 d ) d z ) (75) Gaskets ) Other thickness on request. 3 ) Maximum nominal pipe diameter + 8mm. 4 ) Z=number of groove tips. 5 ) Dimensions for nominal pressure PN 63 to Kempchen Standard 0. For Groove to Groove Flanges DIN 5* E7A, for groove to groove flanges, nominal diameter 65mm of : Grooved gasket profile E7A, DN 65, DIN 5,.454 /. * For dimensions please see Kempchen bulletin "General Dimension Tables to DIN, ANSI, SPI, BS for Flat Gaskets". Please note that the thickness h of the metal core is increased about 3mm as compared to DIN 5. In this case Kempchen does not use the usual two gaskets of each mm thick, but two covering layers of 0.5 mm thickness. d d Kempchen Standard 33 for ANSI B6.5* flanges. E7A, nominal diameter 5 inches, narrow type, of : Grooved gasket profile E7A, works standard 33, narrow,.454 /. * For dimensions please see Kempchen bulletin "General Dimension Tables to DIN, ANSI, SPI, BS for Flat Gaskets".
12 Gaskets For Tongue and Groove Flanges s ) For Male and Female Flanges s ) d d d d To DIN 69* B7A, nominal diameter 00mm, of : Grooved gasket profile B7A, DN 00, DIN 69,.454 /. ANSI B 6.5* Example specification for grooved gasket with covering layer, profile B7A, nominal diameter 5 inches, wide type, of : Grooved gasket profile B7A, 5", ANSI B6.5, wide, tongue and groove,.454 /. DIN 69* B7A, nominal diameter 00mm, of : Grooved gasket profile B7A, DN 00, DIN 69,.454 /. To ANSI B 6.5* Example specification for grooved gasket with covering layer, profile B7A, nominal diameter 5 inches, wide type, of : Grooved gasket profile B7A, 5", ANSI B6.5, male and female, wide,.454 /. * For dimensions please see Kempchen bulletin "General Dimension Tables to DIN, ANSI, SPI, BS for Flat Gaskets". " ) For gasket thickness and number of grooves please see Kempchen Standard 3. * For dimensions please see bulletin " General Dimension Tables to DIN, ANSI, SPI, BS for Flat Gaskets". ) For gasket thickness and number of grooves please see Kempchen Standard 3. kempchen & Co. GmbH Alleestr.4 D Oberhausen Telefon Telefax info@kempchen.de URL: Gaskets Packings Expansion Joints Rubber and Plastic Parts 04e/
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