Icebreaker Design & Technology

Transcription

1 Presentation to The Company of Master Mariners of Canada April 29 th 2014 Rob Hindley Working together for a safer world

2 Overview of presentation Recent Icebreaker Designs New Icebreaker Projects Trends in Icebreaker Design New Technology Future Challenges

3 Icebreaker recent builds in last 5 years build location

4 Icebreaker building trends Currently going through an icebreaker renewal cycle Government fleet renewal Increased interest in Arctic / Antarctic science Limited increase in commercial icebreakers Russia Far East / Sakhalin Some Mega Projects will require their own icebreakers e.g. support fleet for Yamal LNG project Building: Consolidation of traditional building countries (Finland / Russia) Shift toward Asia for some projects (Singapore / China / Korea)

5 Recent Project: Vitus Bering / Aleksey Chirikov Dwt: 3,950 tonnes Loa: 99.2m Beam: 21.7m Draught: 7.6m Propulsion: 2x6.5MW Azipods Ice Capability: 1.5m 3 knots Built by: Arctech Helsinki Shipyard Class: Lloyd s Register / RMRS +100A1, Icebreaker, Offshore Tug/Supply Ship, WDL(+), SG(2.0), Fire Fighting Ship 1 with water spray, IWS*, Winterisation (H -35) (B -35) +LMC, UMS, Oil Recovery, EP(B,Crm,I,N,S),DP(AM), NAV1 Delivered: December 2012 / April 2013 Sakhalin Service

6 Recent Project: SA Agulhas II Displacement: abt. 13,000 tonnes Loa: 121m Beam: 21.7m Draft: 7.65m Power: 2 Shaftlines (9 MW total) Ice Capability: 1.0m 5 knots Built by: STX Finland (Rauma) Class: DNV +1A1 PC-5, Winterized Basic, Passenger Ship, LFL*, COMF-V(2)C(2), HELDK-SHF DEICE, RP, E0, DYNPOS-AUT NAUT-AW, CLEAN DESIGN, DAT(- 35) BIS TMON Delivered: April 2012 Antarctic Service

7 Recent Project: Varandey Dwt: abt. 3,150 tonnes Loa: 100.0m Beam: 21.7m Draft: 10.5m Power: 2x6.8MW Azimuth units Ice Capability: 1.7m 3 knots Built by: Keppel (Singapore) Class: RMRS KM(*) Icebreaker7[2] AUT1- ICS EPP tug/supply ship/salvage ship Delivered: November 2008 Russian Arctic Service

8 Icebreaker new design projects by build location

9 New Design: CCG Polar Icebreaker Dispt: abt. 24,000 tonnes Loa: 149m Beam: 28m Draft: 10.5m Power: 34 MW Ice Capability: 2.5m 3 knots Class: Lloyd s Register 100A1 Icebreaker(+), Ice Class PC2, IBS, DP(AM), UMS, CCS, ICC, PSMR, IFP, Winterisation ( -40) Courtesy of STX Canada Marine Status: Basic Design Package Complete March 2014

10 New Design: Chinese Polar Research Icebreaker Loa: 120m Beam: 23m Draft: 8.5m Power: 2 Azimuth thrusters Ice Capability: 1.5m 2-3 knots Class: Lloyd s Register / CCS 100A1 Research/Supply Ship, Ice Class PC3, *IWS, ShipRight(ACS(B)), ECO(BWT, IHM) +LMC, UMS, NAV1, DP(AA), CAC2 Courtesy of AARC Status: Basic Design Underway. Delivery scheduled for 2016

11 Trends in recent and new projects Azimuth thruster / hybrid propulsion schemes (open propellers) Varying emphasis on stern-first / bi-directional / double acting operation Triple screw retained for high Arctic icebreakers Diesel Electric propulsion Hybrid bow forms lack of extreme forms of the 80s Concave stem Sharp shoulders Straight and flat V-Shaped frames Rounded waterlines at stem More emphasis on open water performance / sea keeping Multi functional (not multipurpose!) primary function is icebreaking

12 Recent developments in Arctic Technology Some icebreaker and Arctic design future trends: Multiple pods, Arctic pods, CRP pods Trimaran and oblique concepts Larger size Arctic ships Auxiliary systems to assist in icebreaking a return of air bubbling / water deluge etc?

13 Icebreaker trends in technology: Propulsion Use of Azimuth thrusters as a means of propulsion majority of icebreakers today (and those specified) are equipped with azimuth thrusters. Advantages: Maneuverability in ice Hull flushing and double acting effect (superior ridge performance) Exceptions mainly due to: power and power-density limitations; availability of large power high ice class azimuths; experience in heavy multi-year ice conditions limited Courtesy of Archtech

14 Future Trend: Pods for the high Arctic Previous limits on pod applications have been due to component sourcing, in particular bearings Previous limits on motor sizes available due to high over torque demands for icebreaking Marketplace has also been cautious a step by step increase in ice operations has been seen (trial and experimental voyages being the exception) Trend for more manufacturers to enter market (ABB, RR, SteerProp, Wärtsilä) CRP Model Tests at AARC Dimensioning case for azimuth thrusters Azipods for Mikhail Ulyanov

15 Future Trend: Oblique concept Oblique concept first developed in 1990s as part of an internal design competition and MARC (now Aker Arctic) Asymmetric hull form: Side of hull acts as icebreaking bow 3 thruster configuration provides side thrust First practical application now built for Baltic service 2014 winter testing expected Arctic version under development DIRECTION OF MOTION Extract of original Patent filing by MARC (now AARC)

16 Cutaway of Oblique Icebreaker how it works

17 Concept realization: BALTIKA Delivered by Arctech Helsinki Shipyard in Spring 2014 Operation as a harbour support vessel Oil Recovery Duties / Fire fighting Ice clearing Ice trials next winter

18 Future Trend: Trimaran concepts Trimarans newer concept, developed 4 years ago First practical application being considered by Mobimar developed by AARC Multihull configurations proposed by Krylov presented at POAC last year Trend for full scale proof of concept in lighter ice conditions before moving to Arctic Courtesy of Krylov Courtesy of Mobimar / Aker

19 Concept realization:?? Icebreaking harbour tug AARC s ARC131 Loa abt. 50m Beam: abt. 25.6m 0.4m level 7 knots 3.5MW on centre shaft, 1.7MW on each wing shaft Images courtesy of AARC

20 Energy Efficiency: Auxiliary systems for icebreaking EEDI does include a correction factor for ice (Ice Classes up to 1A Super), but improvements can be made EEDI currently not applicable to Diesel Electric drives Possible solutions for reducing main engine power in ice: Air bubbling system Water deluge system Water jet system Upward jetting thruster (new Aker Arctic concept) Other possibilities include de-rating (or dual rating) of engine for ice season Potential impact on EEDI needs to be explored further Courtesy of AARC

21 Future icebreaker project features Azimuth thrusters: increased use likely, but step-by-step proving of concept in Arctic conditions Unconventional hull forms: step by step proving in Baltic and sub-arctic conditions longer term uptake if successful, icebreaking as secondary task initially LNG as fuel: Limited uptake endurance and refuelling will be an issue Energy saving technologies: A challenge for icebreakers return of ancillary icebreaking systems? (air bubblers, water deluge) Supply of icebreaker resources opportunity for commercial investment and sharing / cooperation between government agencies New entries China, India??, Peru??

22 Summary of future challenges Pushing the boundaries Hull new structural configurations and new materials Machinery azimuth thruster for high Arctic Bigger Ships The Icebreaker renewal cycle Energy efficiency New owners, operators and build locations

23 Thank you. Questions?

24 Rob Hindley Lead Specialist Arctic Technology Toronto Technical Support Office T E Rob.Hindley@lr.org Lloyd s Register Canada Ltd West Esplanade North Vancouver, BC, Canada Working together for a safer world Lloyd s Register and variants of it are trading names of Lloyd s Register Group Limited, its subsidiaries and affiliates. Copyright Lloyd s Register Canada Ltd A member of the Lloyd s Register group.