Cover Photo Credit: The Port of Long Beach

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Cover Photo Credit: The Port of Long Beach"

Transcription

1

2 Cover Photo Credit: The Port of Long Beach The world s most advanced fireboat Protector arrived at the Port of Long Beach in November Protector is specifically designed to fight fires aboard the largest vessels. Protector can also assist with chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats. It is powered by two 2,012-horsepower diesel engines paired with Voith Schneider propellers, which allows Protector to change direction almost instantaneously. In addition, there are 10 water cannons on board capable of extinguishing fires in the harbor or on nearby land with more than 41,000 gallons per minute.

3 Port of Long Beach 2015 Air Emissions Inventory Prepared for: July 2016 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC Long Beach, CA

4

5 2015 Updates to Data and Emissions Estimation Methodologies The current annual emissions and activity levels are directly compared to the emissions and activity levels in 2005, the baseline year established in the CAAP, just before several of the strategies to reduce air emissions from goods movement-related sources were implemented. In order to maintain the consistency between the years compared, the 2005 emissions are recalculated whenever new estimation methodologies or data are introduced. In the 2015 Air Emissions Inventory, there are several updates to the data and methodologies used to estimate emissions from ocean-going vessels (OGV). There are no updates to the data and methodologies used to estimate emissions from harbor craft, cargo-handling equipment, rail locomotives, and heavy-duty vehicles. OGV emissions are estimated by vessel type, emission source, and operational mode (transit, maneuvering, hotelling at-berth, hotelling at-anchor) using the general methodology described in Section 2 of the Port of Long Beach 2013 Air Emissions Inventory. 1 The 2014 Air Emissions Inventory also included emission factor adjustments and load adjustment factors for MAN 2-stroke engines. 2 The following updates to the data and estimation methodologies for OGV in the 2015 air emissions inventory are listed below. Vessel Boarding Program Improved data gathered for frequent caller cruise vessels, larger container ships, tankers and other vessel types. Anchorage Transit Times Due to increased anchorage activity in 2015, specific distances were used for each anchorage location rather than one average distance for all anchorage points. Intra-Terminal Shift Maneuvering Times Due to the increased number of shifts within terminals in 2015, average maneuvering times were determined for intra-terminal shifts. Previously, an overall average maneuvering time for all shifts including to/from anchor was used. Main Engine Activity During Intra-Terminal Shifts Main propulsion engine emissions were assumed to be 0 during intra-terminal shifts. According to port pilots, main engines are typically off due to the close proximity of these movements. Diesel-Electric Cruise and Tanker Vessels During shore power events, boilers were assumed to be in operation for diesel-electric cruise vessels; loads were assigned to boilers for diesel-electric tankers. 1 POLB Air Emissions Inventory. 2 POLB Air Emissions Inventory. Port of Long Beach July 2016

6 At-Berth Emissions Reduction Technologies Emissions associated with the mobilization, operation, and demobilization of CARB-approved at-berth emissions reduction technologies, Advanced Maritime Emissions Control System (AMECS) and Marine Exhaust Emissions Treatment System (METS-1), were estimated using activity data and CARB emission reduction values. Shore Power Activity Data Shore power activity data, as reported by terminals, was used to estimate at-berth emissions. Tanker Vessels Tanker loading and discharging activity levels were updated for Year-over-Year Emissions Comparisons Although the Port does not typically report year-over-year comparisons, Appendix A of the 2015 air emissions inventory report identifies and discusses factors that affected emissions in 2015 compared to 2014 levels. A temporary period of terminal congestion through the first quarter of 2015 resulted in emissions increases associated with ships at anchor and increased activity levels for various portrelated sources. Please note that there may be minor inconsistencies, due to rounding, associated with emission estimates, percent contribution, and other calculated numbers between the various sections, tables, and figures of this report. All estimates are calculated using more digits than presented in the various sections. Port of Long Beach ES-1 July 2016

7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following individuals and their respective companies and organizations assisted with providing the technical and operational information described in this report, or by facilitating the process to obtain this information. We truly appreciate their time, effort, expertise, and cooperation. The Port of Long Beach and Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC (Starcrest) would like to recognize all who contributed their knowledge and understanding to the operations of goods movement-related facilities, commercial marine vessels, locomotives, and off-road and on-road vehicles at the goods movement-related entities: Kevin Maggay, Burlington Northern Santa Fe Wilkin Mes, Carnival Cruise Lines Greg Bombard, Catalina Express Craig Smith, Chemoil Marine Terminal David Scott, Connolly-Pacific Hung Nguyen, Energia Logistics Javier Montano, Foss Maritime Eric Bayani, International Transportation Service Captain Thomas Jacobsen, Jacobsen Pilot Service Jim Jacobs, Long Beach Container Terminal Joe Lockhart, Metro Cruise Services Robert Waterman, Metropolitan Stevedore (Metro Ports) Hun Nguyen, National Gypsum Otis Cliatt, Pacific Harbor Line Greg Peters, Pacific Harbor Line Grant Westmoreland, Pacific Tugboat Service Joe Gregorio, Jr., PCMC Olenka Palomo, SA Recycling Emile Shiff, Sause Brothers Bob Kelly, SSA Jeremy Anthony, SSA Bulk Terminals Ken Pope, Total Terminals International Barbara Welter, Toyota Albert Montano, Weyerhaueser Port of Long Beach ES-2 July 2016

8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (CONT'D) 2015 Air Emissions Inventory The Port of Long Beach and Starcrest would like to thank the following reviewers who contributed, commented, and coordinated the approach and reporting of the emissions inventory: Russell Furey, California Air Resources Board Vernon Hughes, California Air Resources Board Cory Parmer, California Air Resources Board Andrew Willey, California Air Resources Board Richard Carlson, South Coast Air Quality Management District Adewale Oshinuga, South Coast Air Quality Management District Francisco Dóñez, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Starcrest would like to thank the following Port of Long Beach staff members for assistance during the development of the emissions inventory: Allyson Teramoto, Project Manager Heather Tomley Renee Moilanen Authors: Contributors: Document Preparation: Cover: Photos: Archana Agrawal, Principal, Starcrest Guiselle Aldrete, Consultant, Starcrest Bruce Anderson, Principal, Starcrest Rose Muller, Consultant, Starcrest Joseph Ray, Principal, Starcrest Steve Ettinger, Principal, Starcrest Jill Morgan, Consultant, Starcrest Randall Pasek, Consultant, Starcrest Denise Anderson, Consultant, Starcrest Melissa Silva, Principal, Starcrest Port of Long Beach Melissa Silva, Principal, Starcrest Port of Long Beach ES-3 July 2016

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ES Port of Long Beach Air Emissions Inventory Results... ES-8 Emissions Metrics... ES-9 Progress towards CAAP Goals... ES-10 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION...1 Geographical Domain...2 SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS...4 Source Description...4 Geographical Domain...4 Data and Information Acquisition...4 Emission Estimates...5 Operational Profiles...8 SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT Source Description Emissions Estimation Methodology Geographical Domain Data and Information Acquisition Emission Estimates Operational Profiles SECTION 4 CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT Source Description Emissions Estimation Methodology Geographical Domain Data and Information Acquisition Emission Estimates Operational Profiles SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES Source Description Emissions Estimation Methodology Geographical Domain Data and Information Acquisition Emission Estimates Operational Profiles Port of Long Beach ES-4 July 2016

10 SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES Source Description Emissions Estimation Methodology Geographical Domain Data and Information Acquisition Emission Estimates Operational Profiles SECTION 7 SUMMARY OF 2015 EMISSION RESULTS SECTION 8 COMPARISON OF 2015 AND 2005 FINDINGS AND EMISSION ESTIMATES Ocean-Going Vessels Harbor Craft Cargo Handling Equipment Locomotives Heavy-Duty Vehicles SECTION 9 METRICS SECTION 10 CAAP PROGRESS APPENDIX A: EMISSIONS AND ACTIVITY COMPARISONS... A-1 APPENDIX B: REGULATORY AND SAN PEDRO BAY PORTS CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN (CAAP) MEASURES... B-1 Port of Long Beach ES-5 July 2016

11 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Port of Long Beach Emissions Inventory Domain... 2 Figure 1.2: Port of Long Beach Terminals... 3 Figure 6.1: 2015 Model Year Distribution of the Heavy-Duty Truck Fleet Figure 7.1: 2015 PM 10 Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.2: 2015 PM 2.5 Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.3: 2015 DPM Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.4: 2015 NO x Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.5: 2015 SO x Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % LIST OF TABLES Table ES.1: Air Emissions Comparison by Source Category... ES-8 Table ES.2: Container Throughput and Vessel Call Comparison... ES-9 Table ES.3: Emissions Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 10,000 TEU... ES-9 Table ES.4: Emission Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 100,000 mt... ES-9 Table ES.5: Emissions Reductions Compared to CAAP San Pedro Bay... ES-11 Table 2.1: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Vessel Type, tons... 5 Table 2.2: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Emissions Source, tons... 5 Table 2.3: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Mode, tons... 6 Table 2.4: 2015 Total OGV Activities... 7 Table 2.5: 2015 At-Berth Hotelling Times... 8 Table 2.6: 2015 At-Anchorage Hotelling Times... 9 Table 2.7: 2015 Average Auxiliary Load Defaults (except Diesel-Electric Cruise Vessels), by Mode, kw Table 2.8: 2015 Diesel-Electric Cruise Vessel Auxiliary Load Defaults by Mode, kw Table 2.9: 2015 Auxiliary Boiler Load Defaults by Mode, kw Table 3.1: 2015 Harbor Craft Emissions by Vessel and Engine Type Table 3.2: 2015 Harbor Craft Engine Tier Count Table 3.3: 2015 Main Engine Characteristics by Harbor Craft Type Table 3.4: 2015 Auxiliary Engine Characteristics by Harbor Craft Type Table 4.1: 2015 CHE Emissions by Terminal Type, tons and metric tons per year Table 4.2: 2015 CHE Emissions by Equipment Type, tons and metric tons per year Table 4.3: 2015 Engine Characteristics for All CHE Operating at the Port Table 4.4: 2015 CHE Engines by Fuel Type Table 4.5: 2015 Count of Diesel-Powered CHE by Type and Engine Standard Table 4.6: 2015 CHE Emission Reduction Technologies by Equipment Type Table 5.1: 2015 Locomotive Estimated Emissions, tons Table 5.2: CARB MOU Compliance Data, Megawatt-hours (MW-hrs) and g NO x /hp-hr Table 5.3: Fleet MWhr and PM, HC, CO Emission Factors, g/hp-hr Table 5.4: Emission Factors for Line Haul Locomotives, g/hp-hr Table 5.5: 2015 Estimated On-Port Line Haul Locomotive Activity Table 5.6: 2015 Gross Ton-Mile, Fuel Use, and Horsepower-hour Estimate Table 6.1: 2015 HDV Emissions Table 6.2: 2015 HDV Emissions Associated with Container Terminals Table 6.3: 2015 HDV Emissions Associated with Other Port Terminals Port of Long Beach ES-6 July 2016

12 Table 6.4: 2015 Summary of Reported Container Terminal Operating Characteristics Table 6.5: 2015 Summary of Reported Non-Container Facility Operating Characteristics Table 6.6: 2015 Estimated On-Terminal VMT and Idling Hours by Terminal Table 6.7: 2015 Speed-Specific Composite Exhaust Emission Factor, g/hr and g/mi Table 7.1: 2015 Emissions by Source Category Table 7.2: 2015 Emissions Percent Contributions by Source Category Table 7.3: 2015 PM 10 Emissions Percentage Comparison, tons Table 7.4: 2015 PM 2.5 Emissions Percentage Comparison, tons and % Table 7.5: 2015 DPM Emissions Percentage Comparison, tons and % Table 7.6: 2015 NO x Emissions Percentage Comparison, tons and % Table 7.7: 2015 SO x Emissions by Category Percentage Comparison, tons and % Table 7.8: 2015 CO 2 e Emissions by Category Percentage Comparison, metric tons and % Table 8.1: Port Emissions Comparison by Source Category, tons and % Table 8.2: Container Throughput and Vessel Call Comparison Table 8.3: Emissions Comparison, tons and % Table 8.4: OGV Energy Consumption Comparison by Emission Source, kw-hrs Table 8.5: OGV Emission Reduction Strategies Table 8.6: Harbor Craft Count and Energy Consumption Comparison, kw-hrs, hours and % Table 8.7: Engine Power and Activity Change, % Table 8.8: Harbor Craft Engine Tier Change, % Table 8.9: CHE Count and Energy Consumption Comparison Table 8.10: CHE Emission Reduction Technology Equipment Count Comparison Table 8.11: CHE Equipment Count by Fuel Type Comparison Table 8.12: CHE Equipment Count and Change, % Table 8.13: CHE Activity by Equipment Type, hours and % Table 8.14: CHE Average Model Year and Age Comparison, year Table 8.15: Container Throughput Comparison, TEU and % Table 8.16: HDV Total Idling Time Comparison, hours and % Table 8.17: HDV Vehicle Miles Traveled Comparison, miles and % Table 9.1: Container and Cargo Throughput and Change, % Table 9.2: Emission Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 10,000 TEU and % Table 9.3: Emission Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 100,000 mt of cargo and % Table 10.1: Emissions Reductions Compared to CAAP San Pedro Bay Emissions Reduction Standards Table A.1: Port Emissions Comparison by Source Category, tons and %... A-1 Table A.2: TEU Throughput and OGV Movements Comparison... A-2 Table A.3: OGV Energy Comparison by Mode, kw-hrs and %... A-3 Table A.4: Harbor Craft Energy Comparison... A-3 Table A.5: CHE Energy Comparison... A-4 Table A.6: HDV Total Idling Time Comparison, hours and %... A-4 Table A.7: Fleet Average Emissions, g/mile... A-5 Table B.1: OGV Emission Regulations, Standards and Policies... B-2 Table B.2: Harbor Craft Emission Regulations, Standards and Policies... B-4 Table B.3: Cargo Handling Equipment Emission Regulations, Standards and Policies... B-5 Table B.4: Railroad Locomotives Emission Regulations, Standards and Policies... B-6 Table B.5: Heavy-Duty Vehicles Emission Regulations, Standards and Policies... B-7 Port of Long Beach ES-7 July 2016

13 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2015 Port of Long Beach Air Emissions Inventory Results The results of the Port of Long Beach 2015 Air Emissions Inventory, including a comparison to the Port s 2005 air emissions inventory, are presented in Table ES.1. To provide a valid comparison between the 2015 and 2005 emissions estimates, the 2005 base year emissions presented in this table were recalculated using the most up-to-date methodologies and data, if needed. For most of the source categories, the 2005 emissions are the same as those published in the 2014 Air Emissions Inventory (EI) report. In the table, metric tons (mt) are used for the CO 2 e emissions, while the other pollutants are shown in tons per year. Table ES.1: Air Emissions Comparison by Source Category PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt 2005 Ocean-going vessels ,726 6, ,510 Harbor craft , ,746 Cargo handling equipment , ,710 Locomotives , ,579 Heavy-duty vehicles , , ,056 Total 1, ,667 6,993 2, , Ocean-going vessels , ,802 Harbor craft ,061 Cargo handling equipment ,889 Locomotives ,071 Heavy-duty vehicles , ,182 Total , , ,005 Change between 2005 and 2015 (percent) Ocean-going vessels -86% -84% -87% -30% -97% -24% -25% -15% Harbor craft -34% -35% -34% -30% -87% 44% 3% 19% Cargo handling equipment -79% -80% -82% -54% -87% 81% -33% 22% Locomotives -38% -39% -38% -44% -99% -8% -40% -4% Heavy-duty vehicles -97% -97% -97% -74% -91% -94% -92% -28% Total -84% -82% -84% -48% -97% -38% -52% -14% Port of Long Beach ES-8 July 2016

14 Table ES.2 compares vessel arrivals and container and cargo throughput at POLB in 2005 and Container throughput is up 7% relative to 2005 levels, while overall vessel arrivals to POLB are down 26%. The average number of containers per vessel call is up 54% which is indicative of larger vessels calling at POLB. Table ES.2: Container Throughput and Vessel Call Comparison Emissions Metrics Container Year Throughput All Containership Average TEU Arrivals Arrivals TEU per call ,709,818 2,690 1,332 5, ,192,066 1, ,767 Change (%) 7% -26% -31% 54% To track operational efficiency improvements and the effectiveness of the emissions reduction strategies and measures, emissions are also estimated in total emissions per unit of cargo handled through the Port. Since Port operations are varied with a mix of containerized and noncontainerized cargo, the metrics are based on total emissions versus TEU throughput and metric tons of cargo moved through the Port. Table ES.3 compares the total tons of emissions per 10,000 TEU in 2005 and 2015, while Table ES.4 compares the total tons of emissions per 100,000 metric tons in 2005 and Table ES.3: Emissions Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 10,000 TEU EI Year PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e , ,180 Change (%) -85% -83% -85% -51% -97% -42% -56% -20% Table ES.4: Emission Efficiency Metric Comparison, emissions tons or mt per 100,000 mt EI Year PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e , ,048 Change (%) -84% -82% -85% -49% -97% -40% -54% -16% Port of Long Beach ES-9 July 2016

15 Progress towards CAAP Goals In addition to identifying and implementing specific emission-reduction strategies, the CAAP established emission reduction targets for 2014 and As a result of the implementation of CAAP measures and regulations promulgated at the state level, the 2014 San Pedro Bay Emission Reduction Standards were exceeded. The emission reductions achieved in 2015 also exceed the 2023 DPM and SO x San Pedro Bay Emission Reduction Standards. Table ES.5 summarizes the Port s 2015 cumulative air emissions reductions of DPM, NO x, and SO x compared to the established CAAP San Pedro Bay Emissions Reduction Standards for 2014 and Port of Long Beach ES-10 July 2016

16 Table ES.5: Emissions Reductions Compared to CAAP San Pedro Bay Category DPM (tons) Ocean-going vessels Harbor craft Cargo handling equipment 47 9 Locomotives Heavy-duty vehicles Total Cumulative DPM Emissions Reduction Achieved in % CAAP San Pedro Bay DPM Emissions Reduction Standards % 77% NO x (tons) Ocean-going vessels 6,726 4,738 Harbor craft 1, Cargo handling equipment 1, Locomotives 1, Heavy-duty vehicles 5,273 1,395 Total 15,667 8,212 Cumulative NOx Emissions Reduction Achieved in % CAAP San Pedro Bay NO x Emissions Reduction Standards % 59% SO x (tons) Ocean-going vessels 6,865 Harbor craft 5 Cargo handling equipment 11 Locomotives 76 Heavy-duty vehicles 37 Total 6,993 Cumulative SOx Emissions Reduction Achieved in 2015 CAAP San Pedro Bay SO x Emissions Reduction Standards % % % Port of Long Beach ES-11 July 2016

17 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Port of Long Beach (Port or POLB) annual activity-based emissions inventories serve as the primary tool to track the Port s efforts to reduce air emissions from goods movement-related sources through implementation of measures identified in the San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP) and regulations promulgated at the state and federal levels. To quantify the annual air emissions, the Port relies on operational information provided by Port tenants and operators. Development of the annual air emissions estimates is coordinated with a technical working group (TWG) comprised of representatives from the Port, the Port of Los Angeles, and the air regulatory agencies: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 9, California Air Resources Board (CARB), and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). Through collaboration with the TWG, the ports seek the consensus of the air regulatory agencies regarding the methodologies and information used to develop the emissions estimates. Emissions from the following goods movement-related emission source categories are evaluated: Ocean-going vessels (OGV) Harbor craft Cargo handling equipment (CHE) Rail locomotives Heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) Exhaust emissions of the following pollutants, including greenhouse gases, are quantified in the inventory: Particulate matter (PM) (10-micron, 2.5-micron) Diesel particulate matter (DPM) Oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) Oxides of sulfur (SO x ) Hydrocarbons (HC) Carbon monoxide (CO) Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) Greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions are presented in units of metric tons (mt or tonnes) of carbon dioxide equivalents, which weight each gas by its global warming potential (GWP) value relative to CO 2. To normalize these values into a single greenhouse gas value, CO 2 e, the GHG emission estimates are multiplied by the following values and summed. 3 CO 2 1 CH 4 25 N 2 O EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: , April 2015 Port of Long Beach 1 July 2016

18 Geographical Domain For OGV and harbor craft, the geographical domain lies within the harbor and up to the study area boundary; comprised of an over-water area bounded in the north by the southern Ventura County line at the coast and in the south with the southern Orange county line at the coast. For rail locomotives and on-road trucks, emissions are estimated from the Port to the cargo s first point of rest within the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) or up to the basin boundary, whichever comes first. CHE and on-terminal HDV emissions are estimated for activities within Port terminals and facilities. Figure 1.1: Port of Long Beach Emissions Inventory Domain Port of Long Beach 2 July 2016

19 Emissions are estimated for activities within Port terminals and facilities. Figure 1.2: Port of Long Beach Terminals 2015 Air Emissions Inventory Port of Long Beach 3 July 2016

20 SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS Source Description Vessels are grouped by the type of cargo they transport: Auto carrier Containership General cargo Miscellaneous vessel Tanker Bulk carrier Cruise vessel Reefer vessel Roll-on roll-off vessel (RoRo) Emissions are estimated from vessel main engines (propulsion), auxiliary engines, and auxiliary boilers (boilers). Based on their emissions contribution, the three predominant vessel types calling at the Port in order are: containerships, tankers, and cruise ships. Geographical Domain The geographical domain or overwater boundary for OGVs includes the berths and waterways in the Port proper (see Figure 1.2) and all vessel movements within the forty nautical mile (nm) arc from Point Fermin and the SoCAB as shown in Figure 1.1. The northern boundary is the Ventura County line and the southern boundary is the Orange County line. It should be noted that although the overwater boundary extends further off the coast to incorporate the South Coast air quality modeling domain, most of the vessel movements occur within the 40 nm arc. Data and Information Acquisition The primary sources of data and operational information for OGV were obtained from: Marine Exchange of Southern California Vessel Speed Reduction Program Jacobsen Pilot Service IHS Maritime Data Port Vessel Boarding Program (VBP) Terminal shore power reports Port tanker loading information Port of Long Beach 4 July 2016

21 Emission Estimates Summaries of the 2015 OGV emissions estimates are presented in Tables 2.1 through 2.3. Due to rounding, values may not add up to totals provided. Table 2.1: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Vessel Type, tons Vessel Type PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Auto Carrier ,188 Bulk ,376 Containership , ,263 Cruise ,261 General Cargo ,768 Miscellaneous ,768 Reefer RoRo ,152 Tanker , ,508 Total , ,802 Table 2.2: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Emissions Source, tons Engine Type PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Auxiliary Engine , ,252 Auxiliary Boiler ,802 Main Engine , ,748 Total , ,802 Port of Long Beach 5 July 2016

22 Table 2.3: 2015 Ocean-going Vessel Emissions by Mode, tons 2015 Air Emissions Inventory Mode Engine Type PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Transit Auxiliary Engine ,325 Transit Auxiliary Boiler ,747 Transit Main Engine , ,442 Total Transit , ,513 Maneuvering Auxiliary Engine ,060 Maneuvering Auxiliary Boiler ,637 Maneuvering Main Engine ,306 Total Maneuvering ,004 Hotelling at-berth Auxiliary Engine , ,515 Hotelling at-berth Auxiliary Boiler ,247 Hotelling at-berth Main Engine Total Hotelling at-berth , ,762 Hotelling at-anchorage Auxiliary Engine ,351 Hotelling at-anchorage Auxiliary Boiler ,172 Hotelling at-anchorage Main Engine Total Hotelling at-anchorage ,523 Total , ,802 Port of Long Beach 6 July 2016

23 Table 2.4 presents the numbers of arrivals, departures, and shifts associated with vessels at the Port in Table 2.4: 2015 Total OGV Activities Vessel Type Arrival Departure Shift Total Auto Carrier Bulk Bulk - Heavy Load Bulk - Self Discharging Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Cruise General Cargo Miscellaneous Reefer RoRo Tanker - Aframax Tanker - Chemical Tanker - Handysize Tanker - Panamax Tanker - Suezmax Tanker - ULCC Tanker - VLCC Total 1,988 2,011 1,378 5,377 Port of Long Beach 7 July 2016

24 Operational Profiles Hotelling times at-berth and at-anchorage during 2015 are shown in Tables 2.5 and 2.6. Table 2.5: 2015 At-Berth Hotelling Times Vessel Type Min Max Avg Hours Hours Hours Auto Carrier Bulk - General Bulk - Heavy Load Bulk - Self Discharging Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Cruise General Cargo Miscellaneous 8, , ,759.8 Reefer RoRo , ,525.6 Tanker - Aframax Tanker - Chemical Tanker - Handysize Tanker - Panamax Tanker - Suezmax Tanker - ULCC Tanker - VLCC Port of Long Beach 8 July 2016

25 Table 2.6: 2015 At-Anchorage Hotelling Times 2015 Air Emissions Inventory Anchorage Vessel Type Min Max Avg Activity Hours Hours Hours Count Auto Carrier Bulk - General Bulk - Heavy Load Bulk - Self Discharging Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Cruise General Cargo Miscellaneous Reefer RoRo Tanker - Aframax Tanker - Chemical Tanker - Handysize Tanker - Panamax Tanker - Suezmax Tanker - ULCC Tanker - VLCC Port of Long Beach 9 July 2016

26 Table 2.7 presents the auxiliary engine load defaults by vessel type and by mode used to estimate emissions. Values in this table are based on VBP data. Diesel-electric cruise ship defaults are presented in Table 2.8. The methodology for calculating anchorage hotelling auxiliary engine load defaults for containerships was updated in 2015 based on a better understanding of typical anchorage loads in the VBP data. Table 2.7: 2015 Average Auxiliary Load Defaults (except Diesel-Electric Cruise Vessels), by Mode, kw Vessel Type Transit Maneuvering Berth Anchorage Hotelling Hotelling Auto Carrier 1,079 2,391 1,284 1,079 Bulk Bulk - Heavy Load 462 1, Bulk - Self Discharging Container , Container ,188 1,039 1,012 Container , Container ,403 2,472 1,136 1,270 Container ,333 4,487 1,107 1,220 Container ,248 2, ,040 Container ,220 2, ,033 Container ,457 3,249 1,008 1,233 Container ,458 2, ,191 Container ,318 1, ,150 Container ,500 4,500 2,000 2,250 Container ,349 4,755 1,459 1,904 Cruise 5,445 8,711 5,445 5,445 General Cargo 421 1, Miscellaneous 793 2, Reefer 630 1,889 1, RoRo Tanker - Aframax Tanker - Chemical Tanker - Handysize Tanker - Panamax Tanker - Suezmax 860 1,288 2, Tanker - ULCC 1,080 1,486 1,171 1,080 Tanker - VLCC 1,080 1,486 1,171 1,080 Port of Long Beach 10 July 2016

27 Table 2.8: 2015 Diesel-Electric Cruise Vessel Auxiliary Load Defaults by Mode, kw Passenger Berth Count Transit Maneuvering Hotelling 1,500 3,500 3,500 3,000 1,500 < 2,000 7,000 7,000 6,500 2,000 < 2,500 10,500 10,500 9,500 2,500 < 3,000 11,000 11,000 10,000 3,000 < 3,500 11,500 11,500 10,500 3,500 < 4,000 12,000 12,000 11,000 4, ,000 13,000 12,000 Port of Long Beach 11 July 2016

28 Table 2.9 presents the 2015 load defaults for auxiliary boilers by vessel type and by mode. Table 2.9: 2015 Auxiliary Boiler Load Defaults by Mode, kw Vessel Type Transit Maneuvering Berth Anchorage Hotelling Hotelling Auto Carrier Bulk Bulk - Self Discharging Bulk - Wood Chips Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Container Cruise 1,393 1,393 1,393 1,393 General Cargo Ocean Tug Miscellaneous Reefer RoRo Tanker - Chemical Tanker - Handysize , Tanker - Panamax , Tanker - Aframax , Tanker - Suezmax , Tanker - VLCC , Tanker - ULCC , Tanker - All Diesel Electric Port of Long Beach 12 July 2016

29 SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT Source Description Emissions from the following types of diesel-fueled harbor craft were quantified: Assist tugboats Crew, supply and work boats Ferry vessels Excursion vessels Government vessels Harbor tugboats Ocean tugboats Emissions Estimation Methodology The methodology to estimate emissions from harbor craft is similar to that used in CARB s emissions inventory for commercial harbor craft emissions operating in California. 4 Geographical Domain Emissions are estimated for harbor craft operating within the South Coast Air Basin over-water boundary. Data and Information Acquisition Harbor craft owners and operators were contacted to obtain key physical and operational parameters, including: Type of harbor craft Engine count Engine horsepower (or kilowatts) for main and auxiliary engines Engine model year Operating hours in calendar year POLB, Port of Long Beach 13 July 2016

30 Emission Estimates Table 3.1 summarizes the estimated harbor craft vessel emissions by vessel type and engine type. Table 3.1: 2015 Harbor Craft Emissions by Vessel and Engine Type Harbor Craft Engine PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e Type tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Assist tugboat Auxiliary ,179 Propulsion ,671 Assist tugboat Total ,849 Crew Boat Auxiliary Propulsion ,812 Crew boat Total ,996 Excursion Auxiliary Propulsion Excursion Total ,140 Ferry Auxiliary Propulsion ,175 Ferry Total ,357 Government Auxiliary Propulsion ,414 Government Total ,447 Ocean tugboat Total Auxiliary Propulsion ,454 Ocean tugboat Total ,980 Harbor tugboat Auxiliary Propulsion ,257 Harbor tugboat Total ,365 Work boat Auxiliary Propulsion Work boat Total Harbor Craft Total ,060 Port of Long Beach 14 July 2016

31 Operational Profiles Table 3.2 lists the marine engine count by tier and engine type in Table 3.2: 2015 Harbor Craft Engine Tier Count Auxiliary Propulsion Total Engine Tier Engine Engine Engine Count Count Count Unknown Tier Tier Tier Tier Total Tables 3.3 and 3.4 summarize the characteristics of main and auxiliary engines respectively, by vessel type operating at the Port in Averages of the model year, horsepower, or operating hours are used as default values when specific data is not available. A number of companies operate harbor craft in the harbors of both the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles. The activity hours for the vessels that are common to both ports reflect work performed during 2015 within the Port of Long Beach harbor only. Port of Long Beach 15 July 2016

32 Table 3.3: 2015 Main Engine Characteristics by Harbor Craft Type Propulsion Engines Harbor Vessel Engine Model year Horsepower Annual Operating Hours Craft Type Count Count Minimum Maximum Average Minimum Maximum Average Minimum Maximum Average Assist tugboat ,575 2, ,256 1,408 Crew boat , , Excursion , Ferry ,110 1,884 1,200 1,500 1,165 Government , Ocean tugboat ,385 2, , Harbor tugboat , , Work boat , Total Table 3.4: 2015 Auxiliary Engine Characteristics by Harbor Craft Type Auxiliary Engines Harbor Vessel Engine Model year Horsepower Annual Operating Hours Craft Type Count Count Minimum Maximum Average Minimum Maximum Average Minimum Maximum Average Assist tugboat ,119 1,729 Crew boat , Excursion ,744 1,678 Ferry , Government , Ocean tugboat , Harbor tugboat , Work boat , Total Port of Long Beach 16 July 2016

33 SECTION 4 CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT Source Description Cargo handling equipment (CHE) typically operate at Port terminals or railyards to move cargo such as containers, general cargo, and bulk cargo to and from marine vessels, railcars, and on-road trucks. The majority of CHE are composed of off-road equipment not designed to operate on public roadways. This inventory includes CHE powered by engines fueled by diesel, gasoline, propane or electricity. Emissions Estimation Methodology The emissions calculation methodology used to estimate CHE emissions is consistent with CARB s latest methodology for estimating emissions from CHE. 5 For the newer diesel onroad engines with a certain horsepower range, the NO x emission rates were updated based on discussions with CARB. Geographical Domain Emissions are estimated for CHE operating within Port terminals and facilities. Data and Information Acquisition The maintenance and/or CHE operating staff of each terminal were contacted to obtain equipment count and activity information on the CHE specific to their terminal or facility operations for the 2015 calendar year. 5 CARB, Appendix B: Emission Estimation Methodology for Cargo Handling Equipment Operating at Ports and Intermodal Rail Yards in California, viewed 22 July 2015 Port of Long Beach 17 July 2016

34 Emission Estimates A summary of CHE emissions by terminal type is presented in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: 2015 CHE Emissions by Terminal Type, tons and metric tons per year Terminal Type PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Auto Break-Bulk ,900 Container ,079 Cruise Dry Bulk Liquid Other Total ,889 Port of Long Beach 18 July 2016

35 Table 4.2 presents the CHE emissions by equipment and engine type. Emissions from boom lifts are included in the miscellaneous propane category. Emissions from rail car movers are included under the miscellaneous diesel category. Table 4.2: 2015 CHE Emissions by Equipment Type, tons and metric tons per year Port Equipment Engine PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e Type tons tons tons tons tons tons tons MT Bulldozer Diesel Crane Diesel Excavator Diesel Forklift Diesel ,209 Forklift Gasoline Forklift Propane Loader Diesel ,234 Man lift Diesel Material handler Diesel Miscellaneous Diesel Miscellaneous Propane Rail pusher Diesel RTG crane Diesel ,776 Side handler Diesel ,292 Skid steer loader Diesel Sweeper Diesel Sweeper Propane Top handler Diesel ,605 Tractor Diesel Tractor Propane Truck Diesel Yard tractor Diesel ,573 Yard tractor Gasoline ,389 Yard tractor Propane Total ,889 Port of Long Beach 19 July 2016

36 Operational Profiles Table 4.3 summarizes CHE data collected from the terminals for the 2015 calendar year. The average values shown in the following tables are population-weighted. For equipment without specific operational information available, default values associated with the specific type of CHE and engines are used. Table 4.3: 2015 Engine Characteristics for All CHE Operating at the Port Equipment Engine Count Power (hp) Model Year Annual Operating Hours Type Min Max Average Min Max Average Min Max Average Bulldozer Diesel , Crane Diesel Crane Electric 2 na na na na na na Electric pallet jack Electric 2 na na na na na na Excavator Diesel Forklift Diesel , Forklift Electric 9 na na na na na na Forklift Gasoline 14 na na na , Forklift Propane , Loader Diesel ,184 1,357 Man Lift Diesel Material handler Diesel Material handler Electric 1 na na na na na na Miscellaneous Diesel Miscellaneous Electric 3 na na na na na na Miscellaneous Propane 1 na na na Rail pusher Diesel RTG crane Diesel , ,251 2,289 Side handler Diesel ,629 1,255 Skid steer loader Diesel Sweeper Diesel , Sweeper Electric 1 na na na na na na na na na Sweeper Propane Top handler Diesel ,937 2,525 Tractor Diesel Tractor Propane , Truck Diesel Truck Electric 5 na na na Yard tractor, offroad Diesel ,545 1,876 Yard tractor, onroad Diesel ,456 2,529 Yard tractor, gasoline Gasoline ,032 1,386 Yard tractor, propane Propane Total 1,169 Port of Long Beach 20 July 2016

37 Table 4.4 is a summary of the CHE engines by fuel type. In 2015, 79% of CHE engines inventoried were diesel-powered, followed by 11% powered by propane and 8% by gasoline-fueled engines. Table 4.4: 2015 CHE Engines by Fuel Type Equipment Electric Propane Gasoline Diesel Total Forklift RTG crane Side handler Top handler Yard tractor Sweeper Other Total ,169 Percent of Total 2% 11% 8% 79% Table 4.5 summarizes the distribution of diesel-powered CHE equipped with off-road diesel engines by EPA non-road engine emission tier level and on-road diesel engines. On-road engines are generally lower in emissions than the off-road engines of the same model year. Table 4.5: 2015 Count of Diesel-Powered CHE by Type and Engine Standard Equipment Type Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 On-road Total Yard tractor Forklift Top handler Other RTG crane Side handler Sweeper Total Percent of Total 1% 12% 22% 8% 13% 43% 100% Port of Long Beach 21 July 2016

38 Table 4.6 is a summary of the emission reduction technologies used on diesel-powered equipment. It should be noted that some equipment utilized more than one emission reduction technology. The majority of the emission reduction technologies were installed either voluntarily or in order to meet requirements of CARB s Mobile Cargo Handling Equipment at Ports and Intermodal Rail Yards regulation adopted in Emission control technologies used on CHE operated at the Port include: CARB-verified Level 3 diesel particulate filters (DPF). Reduces PM by at least 85%, Vycon REGEN, flywheel system for RTG cranes captures and stores breaking energy generated when a container is lowered. The Vycon REGEN is CARB-verified as a Level 1 device, reducing PM emissions by at least 25% and NO x emissions by 30%, BlueCAT 3-way catalytic converter manufactured by NETT Technologies, Inc. is verified by CARB to reduce CO and NO x emissions from liquid propane gas and compressed natural gas-fueled large spark ignited engines 7. Table 4.6: 2015 CHE Emission Reduction Technologies by Equipment Type Equipment DOC On-Road DPF Vycon BlueCAT Installed Engines Installed Installed Forklift RTG crane Side handler Top handler Yard tractor Sweeper Other Total CARB, Final rule posted on October 23, CARB, Port of Long Beach 22 July 2016

39 SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES Source Description Railroad locomotives are used to move trains transporting intermodal (containerized) freight and lesser amounts of dry bulk, liquid bulk, and car-load (box car freight) to, from, and within the Port. Railroad locomotive activities at the Port consist of two different types of operations: the initiation or termination of line haul transport (the movement of cargo over long distances) and switching which is the short movement of rail cars, such as the assembling and disassembling of trains in and around the Port. Class 1 rail operators Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) and Union Pacific (UP) provide line haul service to and from the Port and also operate switching services at their off-port locations. Pacific Harbor Line (PHL) performs most of the switching operations within the Port. Emissions Estimation Methodology The methodology used to estimate 2015 emissions from rail locomotives is generally the same as described in Section 5 of the Port of Long Beach 2013 Air Emissions Inventory, which is available on the Port s website at Geographical Domain Generally, emissions from railroad locomotives are estimated for movements of cargo by rail locomotives within Port boundaries, to its first point of rest within the SoCAB boundaries, directly to or from port-owned properties such as terminals and on-port rail yards, or to and from the SoCAB boundary. The first point of rest is defined as the location where cargo is first off-loaded from the transport device after leaving the Port, which seldom occurs within the SoCAB with rail transport because rail is most often used to transport cargo long distances, out of the SoCAB. The inventory does not include rail movements of cargo that occur solely outside the Port, such as offport rail yard switching, and movements that neither begin or end at a Port property, such as eastbound line hauls that initiate in central Los Angeles intermodal yards. Please refer to Section 1 of this report for a description of the geographical domain of the emissions inventory with regard to locomotive operations. Port of Long Beach 23 July 2016

40 Data and Information Acquisition To estimate emissions associated with Port-related activities of locomotives, information was obtained from: Previous emissions studies Port cargo statistics Input from railroad operators Published information sources CARB MOU line-haul fleet compliance data Emission Estimates A summary of estimated emissions from locomotive operations related to the Port is presented in Tables 5.1. Table 5.1: 2015 Locomotive Estimated Emissions, tons PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt On-Port Emissions Switching ,991 Line Haul ,474 On-Port Subtotal ,465 Off-Port (Regional) Emissions Switching Line Haul ,676 Off-Port Subtotal ,606 Total ,071 Operational Profiles The goods movement rail system in terms of the activities that are carried out by locomotive operators is the same as described in detail in Section 5 of the Port s 2013 Air Emissions Inventory (EI) report available on the Port s website at Port of Long Beach 24 July 2016

41 Table 5.2 presents the CARB MOU compliance information submitted by BNSF and UP on pre- Tier 0 through Tier 4 locomotive fleet composition, showing a weighted average NO x emission factor of 5.68 g/hp-hr. 8 The 2014 reports were used instead of the 2015 because of the timing of the inventory data collection phase and of the posting of the compliance reports by CARB. Table 5.2: CARB MOU Compliance Data, Megawatt-hours (MW-hrs) and g NO x /hp-hr Number of Energy % Energy Weighted Tier Contribution Tier Locomotives Consumption Consumption Average NOx to Fleet Average MW-hrs by Tier g/hp-hr g/hp-hr BNSF Pre-Tier % Tier ,459 5% Tier 1 1,128 50,382 25% Tier 2 1, ,503 54% Tier ,832 16% Tier % - - ULEL 0 0 0% - - Total BNSF 3, , % 5.2 UP Pre-Tier % Tier 0 2,699 62,605 29% Tier 1 1,805 30,671 14% Tier 2 1,758 78,119 37% Tier ,040 15% Tier % ULEL 61 8,476 4% Total UP 7, , % 6.0 ULEL Credit Used 0.5 UP Fleet Average 5.5 Both RRs, excluding ULELs and ULEL credits Pre-Tier % Tier 0 3,071 72,063 18% Tier 1 2,933 81,054 20% Tier 2 2, ,623 46% Tier 3 1,212 63,871 16% Tier % Total both 10, , % Notes from railroads MOU compliance submissions: 1. EPA locomotive emission standards: 2. Number of locomotives is the sum of all individual locomotives that visited or operated within the SoCAB at any time during Port of Long Beach 25 July 2016

42 Emission factors for particulate matter (PM 10, PM 2.5, and DPM), HC, and CO were calculated using the tier-specific emission rates for those pollutants published by EPA 9 to develop weighted average emission factors using the MWhr figures provided in the railroads submissions. These results are presented in Table 5.3. Table 5.3: Fleet MWhr and PM, HC, CO Emission Factors, g/hp-hr Engine Energy % of EPA Tier-specific EFs Fleet Composite EFs Tier Consumption Energy PM 10 HC CO PM 10 HC CO MW-hr g/hp-hr g/hp-hr g/hp-hr g/hp-hr g/hp-hr g/hp-hr Pre-Tier % Tier 0 72,063 18% Tier 1 81,054 20% Tier 2 185,623 46% Tier 3 63,871 16% Totals 403, % Table 5.4 summarizes the emission factors for line haul locomotives, presented in units of g/hp-hr. Table 5.4: Emission Factors for Line Haul Locomotives, g/hp-hr PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 N 2 O CH 4 EF, g/hp-hr EPA, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Emission Factors for Locomotives, EPA-420-F , April 2009 Port of Long Beach 26 July 2016

43 On-Port Line Haul Activity As described in previous emissions inventories, estimates of the number of trains per year, locomotives per train, and on-port hours per train are multiplied together to calculate total locomotive hours per year. This activity information for 2015 is summarized in Table 5.5. Table 5.5: 2015 Estimated On-Port Line Haul Locomotive Activity Activity Measure Inbound Outbound Total Trains per Year 2,679 2,621 5,300 Locomotives per Train 3 3 N/A Hours on Port per Trip N/A Locomotive Hours per Year 8,037 19,659 27,696 Out-of-Port Line Haul Activity Table 5.6 lists the estimated total of out-of-port horsepower-hours, calculated by multiplying the fuel use by the fuel consumption conversion factor of 20.8 hp-hr/gal. Table 5.6: 2015 Gross Ton-Mile, Fuel Use, and Horsepower-hour Estimate MMGT- Distance Trains MMGT miles miles per year per year per year Alameda Corridor 21 4, Central LA to Air Basin Boundary 84 4, ,024 Million gross ton-miles 3,780 Estimated gallons of fuel (millions) 3.74 Estimated million horsepower-hours 77.8 Port of Long Beach 27 July 2016

44 SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES Source Description Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), or trucks, are used to move cargo, particularly containerized cargo, to and from the marine terminals. Trucks also transfer containers between terminals and off-port railcar loading facilities. The local activity is often referred to as drayage. In the course of their daily operations, trucks are driven onto and through the terminals, where they deliver and/or pick up cargo. They are also driven on the public roads within the Port boundaries and on the public roads outside the Port. The majority of trucks that service the Port s terminals are diesel-fueled vehicles. Alternative fuel trucks, primarily those fueled by liquefied natural gas (LNG), made approximately 7.0% of the terminal calls in 2015, according to the Port s Clean Trucks Program (CTP) activity records and the Port Drayage Truck Registry (PDTR). Vehicles using fuel other than diesel fuel do not emit diesel particulate matter, so the diesel particulate emission estimates presented in this inventory have been adjusted to take the alternative-fueled trucks into account. Emissions Estimation Methodology The methodology used to estimate 2015 emissions from HDVs is generally the same as described in Section 6.0 of the Port of Long Beach 2013 Air Emissions Inventory, which is available on the Port s website at HDV emission estimates are based on estimates of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and CARB s onroad vehicle emissions model EMFAC to develop emission rates based on HDV model year information specific to the San Pedro Bay ports. The most recent version of the model, EMFAC2014, reflects CARB s current understanding of motor vehicle travel activities and their associated emission levels. Methodology differences from 2013 resulting from the use of this updated version of the model are discussed in detail at the end of this section. Geographical Domain The two major geographical components of truck activities evaluated for this inventory are: On-terminal operations, which include waiting for terminal entry, transiting the terminal to drop off and/or pick up cargo, and departing the terminals. On-road operations, consisting of travel on public roads within the SoCAB. This also includes travel on public roads within the Port boundaries and those of the adjacent Port of Los Angeles. The geographical domain for on-road trucks is from the Port to the cargo s first point of rest within SoCAB or up to the basin boundary, whichever comes first. Port of Long Beach 28 July 2016

45 Data and Information Acquisition For on-terminal truck activity, information is collected during in-person and/or telephone interviews with terminal personnel. For on-road operations, trip generation and travel demand models that have been developed to estimate the volumes (number of trucks) and average speeds on roadway segments between defined intersections are used. The model year distribution of HDV operating at the Port is developed using radio frequency identification (RFID) call information gathered at the Port terminals and truck/engine model year data from the Port Drayage Truck Registry (PTDR). Emission Estimates Tables 6.1 through 6.3 summarize the vehicle miles traveled and emissions associated with overall HDV activity, emissions associated with container terminal activity, and emissions associated with other Port terminals, respectively. Table 6.1: 2015 HDV Emissions Vehicle Activity Location Miles PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e Traveled tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt On-Terminal 2,656, ,899 On-Road 151,857, , ,283 Total 154,513, , ,182 Table 6.2: 2015 HDV Emissions Associated with Container Terminals Vehicle Activity Location Miles PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e Traveled tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt On-Terminal 2,608, ,487 On-Road 144,488, , ,847 Total 147,096, , ,334 Table 6.3: 2015 HDV Emissions Associated with Other Port Terminals Vehicle Activity Location Miles PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e Traveled tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt On-Terminal 48, On-Road 7,368, ,436 Total 7,416, ,848 Port of Long Beach 29 July 2016

46 Operational Profiles To estimate the 2015 emissions from HDVs, operational profiles were developed for on-terminal truck activity using data and information collected from terminal operators. The on-road truck activity profiles were developed using trip generation and travel demand models to estimate the number of on-road VMT. The model year distribution of HDVs was determined using RFID information collected at Port terminals to track the number of truck calls, and truck model year information from the PDTR. The distribution of the truck fleet s model years by calls is presented in Figure 6.1. The call weighted average age of the trucks in 2015 was approximately 5 years. Figure 6.1: 2015 Model Year Distribution of the Heavy-Duty Truck Fleet 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Port of Long Beach 30 July 2016

47 Table 6.4 shows the range and average of reported operating characteristics of on-terminal truck activities at Port container terminals, while Table 6.5 shows the same summary data for noncontainer terminals and facilities. Table 6.4: 2015 Summary of Reported Container Terminal Operating Characteristics Speed Distance Gate In Unload/Load Gate Out mph miles hours hours hours Maximum Minimum Average Table 6.5: 2015 Summary of Reported Non-Container Facility Operating Characteristics Speed Distance Gate In Unload/Load Gate Out mph miles hours hours hours Maximum Minimum Average In 2015, there were a total 3,225,176 truck calls associated with container terminals and 307,801 truck calls associated with non-container facilities. The total number of truck calls associated with container terminals is estimated by the trip generation model on which truck travel VMT estimates are based, while non-container terminal truck calls were obtained from the terminal operators. The non-container terminal number includes activity at the Port s temporary empty container depot and chassis support facility that operated in 2015, totaling 145,053 terminal calls. A temporary empty container depot was operational during 2015 and was put in place to allow the temporary storage of loaded containers and chassis, as well as empty containers until they could be received by the container terminals. The chassis yard is used for pickup, delivery and maintenance of chassis. Table 6.6 provides the on-terminal operating parameters, listing total estimated VMT and hours of idling on-terminal and waiting at entry gates. The idling times are likely to be over-estimated because the idling estimates are based on the entire time that trucks are on terminal (except for driving time), which does not account for times that trucks are turned off while on terminal. To date, there are no available data sources identified to provide a reliable estimate of the average percentage of time the trucks engines are turned off while on terminal. Port of Long Beach 31 July 2016

48 Table 6.6: 2015 Estimated On-Terminal VMT and Idling Hours by Terminal Total Total Terminal Miles Hours Idling Type Traveled (all trips) Container 1,181, ,178 Container 432, ,129 Container 382, ,556 Container 253, ,822 Container 214, ,764 Container 144, ,118 Auto 5,656 9,721 Break Bulk 3,362 2,824 Break Bulk 3, Break Bulk 1,500 0 Break Bulk 24 0 Dry Bulk 13, Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk 5,500 4,400 Liquid Bulk 3, Liquid Bulk 1,350 0 Other 7,800 22,100 Other 3,763 7,075 Total 2,656,642 2,683,131 Port of Long Beach 32 July 2016

49 Table 6.7 summarizes the speed-specific emission factors used to estimate emissions. Table 6.7: 2015 Speed-Specific Composite Exhaust Emission Factor, g/hr and g/mi Speed PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 N 2 O CH 4 Units (mph) 0 (Idle) , g/hr , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi , g/mi Port of Long Beach 33 July 2016

50 SECTION 7 SUMMARY OF 2015 EMISSION RESULTS The emission results for the Port of Long Beach 2015 Air Emissions Inventory are presented in this section. Table 7.1 summarizes the 2015 goods movement-related emissions associated with the Port in the South Coast Air Basin by category. Table 7.1: 2015 Emissions by Source Category Category PM 10 PM 2.5 DPM NO x SO x CO HC CO 2 e tons tons tons tons tons tons tons mt Ocean-going vessels , ,802 Harbor craft ,061 Cargo handling equipment ,889 Locomotives ,071 Heavy-duty vehicles , ,182 Total , , ,005 Table 7.2: 2015 Emissions Percent Contributions by Source Category Source Category DPM NO x SO x CO 2 e tons % tons % tons % mt % Ocean-going vessels 78 53% 4,738 58% % 331,802 39% Harbor craft 29 20% 778 9% 1 0% 53,061 6% Cargo handling equipment 9 6% 591 7% 2 1% 126,889 15% Rail locomotives 27 18% 710 9% 1 0% 58,071 7% Heavy-duty vehicles 6 4% 1,395 17% 3 1% 279,182 33% Total % 8, % % 849, % The following figures and tables compare the Port s contribution of emissions to the total overall emissions in the SoCAB by major source category based on the 2012 AQMP 10. It should be noted that SoCAB PM 10 and PM 2.5 emissions for on-road vehicles include brake and tire wear emissions whereas the Port s HDV emissions do not. 10 SCAQMD, Final 2012 Air Quality Management Plan Appendix III, Base & Future Year Emissions Inventories, February 2013 Port of Long Beach 34 July 2016

51 Figure 7.1: 2015 PM 10 Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.2: 2015 PM 2.5 Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.3: 2015 DPM Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Port of Long Beach 35 July 2016

52 Figure 7.4: 2015 NO x Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Figure 7.5: 2015 SO x Emissions in the South Coast Air Basin, % Port of Long Beach 36 July 2016

Port of Long Beach 2016 Air Emissions Inventory

Port of Long Beach 2016 Air Emissions Inventory Port of Long Beach 2016 Air Emissions Inventory Prepared for: July 2017 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC Long Beach, CA 2016 Updates to Data and Emissions Estimation Methodologies The current

More information

Port of Long Beach 2017 Air Emissions Inventory

Port of Long Beach 2017 Air Emissions Inventory Port of Long Beach 2017 Air Emissions Inventory Prepared for: July 2018 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC Long Beach, CA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following individuals and their respective companies

More information

Port of Long Beach 2014 Air Emissions Inventory

Port of Long Beach 2014 Air Emissions Inventory Port of Long Beach 2014 Air Emissions Inventory Prepared for: September 2015 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC Long Beach, CA TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ES-1 2014 Port of Long Beach

More information

2013 Air Emissions Inventory

2013 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 4 CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT This section presents the following information for the CHE source category: source description (4.1), geographical domain (4.2), data and information acquisition (4.3),

More information

2012 Air Emissions Inventory

2012 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT This section presents emissions estimates for the commercial harbor craft source category, including source description (3.1), geographical domain (3.2), data and information acquisition

More information

2010 Air Emissions Inventory

2010 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 7 SUMMARY OF 2010 EMISSION RESULTS The emission results for the Port of Long Beach 2010 Air Emissions Inventory are presented in this section. Table 7.1 summarizes the 2010 total port-related emissions

More information

2011 Air Emissions Inventory

2011 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT This section presents emissions estimates for the commercial harbor craft source category, including source description (3.1), geographical delineation (3.2), data and information

More information

THE PORT OF LONG BEACH

THE PORT OF LONG BEACH ADDENDUM PORT OF LONG BEACH AIR EMISSIONS INVENTORY 2007 Prepared for: THE PORT OF LONG BEACH December 2009 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC P.O. Box 434 Poulsbo, WA 98370 TABLE OF CONTENTS

More information

Port of Long Beach Air Emissions Inventory

Port of Long Beach Air Emissions Inventory Port of Long Beach Air Emissions Inventory - 2013 Prepared for: July 2014 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC Long Beach, CA TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ES-1 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION...

More information

Figure 4.1 presents the distribution of the 1,457 pieces of equipment inventoried at the Port for 2007.

Figure 4.1 presents the distribution of the 1,457 pieces of equipment inventoried at the Port for 2007. SECTION 4 CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT This section presents emissions estimates for the cargo handling equipment source category, including source description (4.1), geographical delineation (4.2), data and

More information

Photo Credit: Tom Paiva/Pacific Harbor Line

Photo Credit: Tom Paiva/Pacific Harbor Line In 2011, Pacific Harbor Line (PHL) repowered 16 locomotives in their fleet with new low-emission Tier 3- plus engines that emit over 80 percent less diesel particulate matter and 38 percent less nitrogen

More information

2008 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT

2008 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT SECTION 3 HARBOR CRAFT This section presents emissions estimates for the commercial harbor craft source category, including source description (3.1), data and information acquisition (3.2), operational

More information

Figure 4.1 presents the distribution of the 1,343 pieces of equipment inventoried at the Port for 2006.

Figure 4.1 presents the distribution of the 1,343 pieces of equipment inventoried at the Port for 2006. SECTION 4 CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT This section presents emissions estimates for the cargo handling equipment source category, including source description (4.1), geographical delineation (4.2), data and

More information

2013 Air Emissions Inventory

2013 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Port of Long Beach (the Port or POLB) shares San Pedro Bay with the neighboring Port of Los Angeles (POLA). Together, the two ports comprise a significant regional and national

More information

Technology Advancement Program. Presented by: Heather Tomley, Port of Long Beach Kevin Maggay, Port of Los Angeles

Technology Advancement Program. Presented by: Heather Tomley, Port of Long Beach Kevin Maggay, Port of Los Angeles Technology Advancement Program Presented by: Heather Tomley, Port of Long Beach Kevin Maggay, Port of Los Angeles Overview Key to the ports Clean Air Action Plan Goals and structure of the Technology Advancement

More information

2012 Air Emissions Inventory

2012 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES This section presents emissions estimates for the heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) source category, including source description (6.1), geographical delineation (6.2), data and information

More information

2009 Air Emissions Inventory

2009 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS This section presents emissions estimates for the ocean-going vessels source category, including source description (2.1), geographical delineation (2.2), data and information

More information

2012 Air Emissions Inventory

2012 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES This section presents emissions estimates for the railroad locomotives source category, including source description (5.1), geographical delineation (5.2), data and information

More information

SAN PEDRO BAY PORTS YARD TRACTOR LOAD FACTOR STUDY Addendum

SAN PEDRO BAY PORTS YARD TRACTOR LOAD FACTOR STUDY Addendum SAN PEDRO BAY PORTS YARD TRACTOR LOAD FACTOR STUDY Addendum December 2008 Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC P.O. Box 434 Poulsbo, WA 98370 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...2 1.1 Background...2

More information

2010 Air Emissions Inventory

2010 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS This section presents emissions estimates for the OGV source category, including source description (2.1), geographical delineation (2.2), data and information acquisition

More information

San Pedro Bay Ports. Port of Los Angeles 7.9 million TEUs Port of Long Beach 6.0 million TEUs. Total 13.9 million TEUs in 2011

San Pedro Bay Ports. Port of Los Angeles 7.9 million TEUs Port of Long Beach 6.0 million TEUs. Total 13.9 million TEUs in 2011 Port Background San Pedro Bay Ports Port of Los Angeles 7.9 million TEUs Port of Long Beach 6.0 million TEUs Total 13.9 million TEUs in 2011 San Pedro Bay Port Complex Emissions and the Clean Air Action

More information

SECTION 4: CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN INITATIVES - OVERVIEW

SECTION 4: CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN INITATIVES - OVERVIEW SECTION 4: CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN INITATIVES - OVERVIEW This section presents an overview of the Clean Air Action Plan, which consists of six primary elements: 1. Source category control measures for existing

More information

Christopher Cannon, Chief Sustainability Officer Port of Los Angeles AAPA Environmental Committee Meeting November 14/15, 2017

Christopher Cannon, Chief Sustainability Officer Port of Los Angeles AAPA Environmental Committee Meeting November 14/15, 2017 Christopher Cannon, Chief Sustainability Officer Port of Los Angeles AAPA Environmental Committee Meeting November 14/15, 2017 Green Port Building Blocks Environmental responsibility and economic growth

More information

SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS

SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS SECTION 2 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS This section presents emissions estimates for the ocean-going vessels source category, including source description (2.1), geographical delineation (2.2), data and information

More information

OVERVIEW, NEAR-TERM PRIORITIES & NEXT STEPS

OVERVIEW, NEAR-TERM PRIORITIES & NEXT STEPS Pacific Ports Clean Air Collaborative March 2018 OVERVIEW, NEAR-TERM PRIORITIES & NEXT STEPS Heather Tomley Director of Environmental Planning Port of Long Beach San Pedro Bay Ports Air Quality Improvements

More information

Port of Richmond Clean Air Action Plan 2015 PROGRESS REPORT

Port of Richmond Clean Air Action Plan 2015 PROGRESS REPORT Port of Richmond Clean Air Action Plan 2015 PROGRESS REPORT 2015 CAAP Progress Report Page i Port of Richmond, CA 2015 Port of Richmond Clean Air Action Plan Progress Report Executive Summary The goal

More information

To develop emission estimates, truck activities have been evaluated as having three components:

To develop emission estimates, truck activities have been evaluated as having three components: SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL-FUELED VEHICLES This section provides estimates of the emissions from heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) that transport Port-related cargo. The section also describes the operations

More information

What does Sustainability mean?

What does Sustainability mean? Christopher Cannon, Chief Sustainability Officer June 28, 2017 What does Sustainability mean? The ability to meet today s global economic, environmental and social needs without compromising the opportunity

More information

THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES OCCUPIES 4,300 ACRES OF LAND ALONG 43 MILES OF WATERFRONT. THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES IS THE LARGEST PORT IN THE

THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES OCCUPIES 4,300 ACRES OF LAND ALONG 43 MILES OF WATERFRONT. THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES IS THE LARGEST PORT IN THE THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES OCCUPIES 4,300 ACRES OF LAND ALONG 43 MILES OF WATERFRONT. THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES IS THE LARGEST PORT IN THE U.S. AND 13TH LARGEST WORLDWIDE. THE PORT OF LONG BEACH IS THE SECOND

More information

2013 Air Emissions Inventory

2013 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES This section presents emissions estimates for the railroad locomotives source category, including source description (5.1), geographical domain (5.2), data and information

More information

THE PORT OF LONG BEACH

THE PORT OF LONG BEACH PORT OF LONG BEACH AIR EMISSIONS INVENTORY 2006 Prepared for: THE PORT OF LONG BEACH Prepared by: STARCREST CONSULTING GROUP, LLC P.O. Box 434 Poulsbo, WA 98370 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...

More information

DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE BNSF RAILROAD SAN DIEGO RAIL YARD

DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE BNSF RAILROAD SAN DIEGO RAIL YARD ENVIRON International Corporation Draft Report DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE BNSF RAILROAD SAN DIEGO RAIL YARD Prepared for BNSF Railway 2650 Lou Menk Drive Fort Worth, TX 76131-2830

More information

Green Terminal Operations

Green Terminal Operations Green Terminal Operations Marine Terminal Management Training Program Session VII Long Beach, CA October 16, 2007 T.L. Garrett Pacific Merchant Shipping Association The Air is Getting Cleaner! 2007 Cleanest

More information

Technical Memorandum MAQIP Update - Emissions Forecast and Potential Additional Reduction Strategies

Technical Memorandum MAQIP Update - Emissions Forecast and Potential Additional Reduction Strategies Technical Memorandum MAQIP Update - Emissions Forecast and Potential Additional Reduction Strategies July 2018 MAQIP Update - Emissions Forecast and Potential Additional Reduction Strategies Prepared for:

More information

SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES

SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES This section present emissions estimates for railroad locomotives source category, including source description (5.1), geographical delineation (5.2), data and information

More information

AMBER M. KLESGES BOARD SECRETARY. No.\w-Tm

AMBER M. KLESGES BOARD SECRETARY. No.\w-Tm \C. 9! J RECOMMENDATION APPROVED; RESOLUTION NO. 16-7999 AND TEMPORARY ORDER 16-7209 & PERMANENT ORDER 16-7210 ADOPTED; BY THE BOARD OF HARBOR COMMISSIONERS \b 1 September 15, 2016 1A THE PORT OF LOS ANGELES

More information

Preliminary Cost Estimates for Select Clean Air Action Plan Strategies

Preliminary Cost Estimates for Select Clean Air Action Plan Strategies 2017 Preliminary Cost Estimates for Select Clean Air Action Plan Strategies NOVEMBER 2017 PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATES FOR SELECT 2017 CLEAN AIR ACTION PLAN STRATEGIES PORT OF LONG BEACH 4801 AIRPORT PLAZA

More information

Port of Seattle: Where a Sustainable World is Headed Sarah Flagg Seaport Air Quality Program Manager Port of Seattle

Port of Seattle: Where a Sustainable World is Headed Sarah Flagg Seaport Air Quality Program Manager Port of Seattle Port of Seattle: Where a Sustainable World is Headed Sarah Flagg Seaport Air Quality Program Manager Port of Seattle AAPA Port Operations, Safety & Information Technology Seminar Seminar 1 June 11, 2009

More information

Current Trends in the Development of Green Ports. APP 102 nd Annual Conference August 16-19, 2015 Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Current Trends in the Development of Green Ports. APP 102 nd Annual Conference August 16-19, 2015 Kaohsiung, Taiwan Current Trends in the Development of Green Ports APP 102 nd Annual Conference August 16-19, 2015 Kaohsiung, Taiwan Agenda Introduction to M&N Services Current Trends in the Development of Green Ports Development

More information

IAPH Tool Box for Port Clean Air Programs

IAPH Tool Box for Port Clean Air Programs ENGINE STANDARDS Background Ports around the world depend on the efficiency of the diesel engine to power port operations in each source category ocean/sea-going vessels, harbor craft, cargo handling equipment,

More information

California s Emission Reduction Plan for Ports and International Goods Movement

California s Emission Reduction Plan for Ports and International Goods Movement California s Emission Reduction Plan for Ports and International Goods Movement Alternative Maritime Power Conference Los Angeles Harbor Hotel April 24, 2006 California Environmental Protection Agency

More information

MARINE VESSEL REPOWER APPLICATION

MARINE VESSEL REPOWER APPLICATION CARL MOYER MEMORIAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ATTAINMENT PROGRAM MARINE VESSEL REPOWER APPLICATION Revised 08/2016 1 of 10 CARL MOYER RURAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Instruction Sheet The California Air Pollution

More information

2011 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emission Inventory

2011 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emission Inventory Overview and Progress Update West Coast Collaborative Port Sector Call 27 October 2011 Steering Committee Members American Lung Association of the Mountain Pacific BNSF Railway, Northwest Clean Air Agency,

More information

SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES

SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES This section presents emissions estimates for the heavy-duty vehicles source category, including source description (6.1), geographical delineation (6.2), data and information

More information

San Pedro Bay Ports Technology Advancement Program

San Pedro Bay Ports Technology Advancement Program San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program Moving towards zero emissions Table of Contents Executive Summary. 1 1.0 Introduction.. 5 1.1 Background & Program Objectives 5

More information

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES E N V I R O N M E N T C O M M I T T E E M E E T I N G N O V E M B E R 1 4, 2 0 1 7 WILLIAM M. GUERRY Partner Environmental 2 Volkswagen ( VW ) Settlements 3 Environmental

More information

Monitoring, Reporting and Reducing Air Emissions from Marine Operations. Till Stoeckenius, ENVIRON Int. Corp. GreenTech June St.

Monitoring, Reporting and Reducing Air Emissions from Marine Operations. Till Stoeckenius, ENVIRON Int. Corp. GreenTech June St. Monitoring, Reporting and Reducing Air Emissions from Marine Operations Till Stoeckenius, ENVIRON Int. Corp. GreenTech 2014 10-12 June St. John, NB Overview Air quality impacts of marine port operations

More information

Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Mike Moltzen U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality

Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Mike Moltzen U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Mike Moltzen U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality AAPA Cruise Seminar February 14, 2017 Overview Background on EPA s Ports Work Highlights of Activities

More information

Port of Oakland 2015 SEAPORT AIR EMISSIONS INVENTORY Final Report

Port of Oakland 2015 SEAPORT AIR EMISSIONS INVENTORY Final Report Port of Oakland 2015 SEAPORT AIR EMISSIONS INVENTORY Prepared for: Port of Oakland 530 Water Street Oakland, CA 94607 Prepared by: Chris Lindhjem, Till Stoeckenius, John Grant, Lit Chan, James King, Rajashi

More information

Clean Air Action Plan For the Port of Richmond. June 28, 2010 DRAFT FINAL

Clean Air Action Plan For the Port of Richmond. June 28, 2010 DRAFT FINAL Clean Air Action Plan For the Port of Richmond June 28, 2010 DRAFT FINAL Executive Summary The goal of the Port of Richmond Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP) is to develop and recommend feasible, cost-effective

More information

DATE: MAY 3, 2007 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION

DATE: MAY 3, 2007 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION DATE: MAY 3, 2007 FROM: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DIVISION SUMMARY: This Board item requests that the Board of Harbor Commissioners approve the allocation and expenditure, from funds previously disbursed

More information

Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Sarah Froman U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality

Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Sarah Froman U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality Highlights from EPA s Ports Initiative Sarah Froman U.S. EPA - Office of Transportation & Air Quality AAPA Spring Conference April 5, 2017 Overview Background on EPA s Ports Work Highlights of Recent Activities

More information

IMPLEMENTATION STAKEHOLDER ADVISORY MEETING March 29, 2018

IMPLEMENTATION STAKEHOLDER ADVISORY MEETING March 29, 2018 IMPLEMENTATION STAKEHOLDER ADVISORY MEETING March 29, 2018 Role of the CAAP Implementation Stakeholder Advisory Meeting NEAR-TERM PRIORITIES FOR CAAP IMPLEMENTATION Heather Tomley Director of Environmental

More information

Item No.: 5B-Supp Date of Meeting: July 17, Briefing on Air Quality Grant Funding

Item No.: 5B-Supp Date of Meeting: July 17, Briefing on Air Quality Grant Funding Item No.: 5B-Supp Date of Meeting: July 17, 2018 Briefing on Air Quality Grant Funding Briefing NWSA staff is exploring the following grant opportunities to supplement costs associated with emission reduction

More information

2007 Expanded Greenhouse Gas Inventory

2007 Expanded Greenhouse Gas Inventory February 2010 Prepared by: STARCREST CONSULTING GROUP, LLC P.O. Box 434 Poulsbo, WA 98370 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 E.S.1 Study Domains... 2 E.S.2 Carbon Footprint Summary... 6 SECTION

More information

Starcrest dedicates its work on this project to the loving memory of Kelly O'Reilly Ray

Starcrest dedicates its work on this project to the loving memory of Kelly O'Reilly Ray Starcrest dedicates its work on this project to the loving memory of Kelly O'Reilly Ray ADDENDUM TO 2002 BASELINE EMISSIONS INVENTORY OCEAN-GOING VESSELS, HARBOR CRAFT, AND EXPANDED BOUNDARY FOR RAIL LOCOMOTIVES

More information

Strategic Plans for Sustainable Ports: The Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Experience. Amy Fowler, Puget Sound Clean Air Agency

Strategic Plans for Sustainable Ports: The Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Experience. Amy Fowler, Puget Sound Clean Air Agency Strategic Plans for Sustainable Ports: The Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Experience Amy Fowler, Puget Sound Clean Air Agency What s Ahead Why build a strategy focused on port-related emissions? The

More information

Port of Long Beach. Diesel Emission Reduction Program

Port of Long Beach. Diesel Emission Reduction Program Diesel Emission Reduction Program Competition Port of Long Beach, Planning Division July 16, 2004 Contact: Thomas Jelenić, Environmental Specialist 925 Harbor Plaza, Long Beach, CA 90802 (562) 590-4160

More information

SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES

SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES SECTION 5 RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES This section discusses the rail systems that operate in and around the Port, including the types of activities performed, the equipment used, and the methods of estimating

More information

REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY: TRANSPORTATION AND STATIONARY ENERGY

REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY: TRANSPORTATION AND STATIONARY ENERGY SOUTHEAST FLORIDA REGIONAL COMPACT CLIMATE CHANGE REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY: TRANSPORTATION AND STATIONARY ENERGY METHODOLOGY REPORT Implementation support provided by: With funding support from:

More information

DRAFT Bay Wide Ocean-Going Vessel International Maritime Organization Tier Forecast

DRAFT Bay Wide Ocean-Going Vessel International Maritime Organization Tier Forecast 2017 DRAFT Bay Wide Ocean-Going Vessel International Maritime Organization Tier Forecast 2015-2050 JULY 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan SYNOPSIS... I 1.0 SAN PEDRO BAY

More information

NORTHWEST PORTS CLEAN AIR STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION REPORT

NORTHWEST PORTS CLEAN AIR STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION REPORT NORTHWEST PORTS CLEAN AIR STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION REPORT 2017 Executive Summary In 2013, the Port of Seattle (POS), Port of Tacoma (POT), and Port of Vancouver collaborated to create an updated Northwest

More information

SHORE POWER ALTERNATIVES AAPA ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 JOSEPH HOWER, PE, DEE

SHORE POWER ALTERNATIVES AAPA ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 JOSEPH HOWER, PE, DEE SHORE POWER ALTERNATIVES AAPA ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 JOSEPH HOWER, PE, DEE CARB SHORE POWER RULE REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS 3 International Maritime Organization designated waters within

More information

DRAFT April 9, STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN CREDIT FOR EMISSION REDUCTIONS GENERATED THROUGH INCENTIVE PROGRAMS (Adopted [adoption date])

DRAFT April 9, STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN CREDIT FOR EMISSION REDUCTIONS GENERATED THROUGH INCENTIVE PROGRAMS (Adopted [adoption date]) RULE 9610 STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN CREDIT FOR EMISSION REDUCTIONS GENERATED THROUGH INCENTIVE PROGRAMS (Adopted [adoption date]) 1.0 Purpose The purpose of this rule is to provide an administrative mechanism

More information

2008 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES

2008 Air Emissions Inventory SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES SECTION 6 HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES This section presents emissions estimates for the heavy-duty vehicles source category, including source description (6.1), geographical delineation (6.2), data and information

More information

A Port Energy and Emission Inventory Model

A Port Energy and Emission Inventory Model A Port Energy and Emission Inventory Model Green Tech 2012, Green Marine Annual Conference Quebec City: May 29, 30 Bryan McEwen, SNC-Lavalin Inc., Environment Division Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

More information

EPA s National Clean Diesel Campaign and the North American ECA

EPA s National Clean Diesel Campaign and the North American ECA EPA s National Clean Diesel Campaign and the North American ECA AAPA-ESPO Meeting March 23, 2011 Office of Transportation & Air Quality Jim Blubaugh U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Overview Reducing

More information

January 2012 (Revised July 2012) US Army Corps of Engineers Savannah District South Atlantic Division

January 2012 (Revised July 2012) US Army Corps of Engineers Savannah District South Atlantic Division ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT APPENDIX K: Air Emission Inventory and Assessment SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina January 2012 (Revised July 2012)

More information

NATIONAL PORT STRATEGY ASSESSMENT: Reducing Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases at U.S. Ports. Title

NATIONAL PORT STRATEGY ASSESSMENT: Reducing Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases at U.S. Ports. Title Title NATIONAL PORT STRATEGY ASSESSMENT: Reducing Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases at U.S. Ports Office of Transportation Air Quality EPA-420-R-16-011 September 2016 National Port Strategy Assessment:

More information

Approaches to Address Emissions Associated with Freight. South Coast Air Quality Management District October 2018

Approaches to Address Emissions Associated with Freight. South Coast Air Quality Management District October 2018 Approaches to Address Emissions Associated with Freight South Coast Air Quality Management District October 2018 1 Our Challenge The Los Angeles area has historically suffered from some of the worst air

More information

Off-Road Large Spark-Ignition (LSI) Equipment Regulation Proposed Amendments Public Workshop

Off-Road Large Spark-Ignition (LSI) Equipment Regulation Proposed Amendments Public Workshop Off-Road Large Spark-Ignition (LSI) Equipment Regulation Proposed Amendments Public Workshop Date and Time June 8, 2015 10:00 am 12:00 pm PDT June 10, 2015 10:00 am 12:00 pm PDT Location Air Resources

More information

Understanding and Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Understanding and Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions Understanding and Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions American Association of Port Authorities Climate Change Workshop November 12, 2008 Port of Houston Houston, TX Overview What What Are Greenhouse Gases?

More information

Assessing Ship Emissions Reduction Strategies. Pacific Ports Clean Air Collaborative Conference March 2018 San Pedro, California

Assessing Ship Emissions Reduction Strategies. Pacific Ports Clean Air Collaborative Conference March 2018 San Pedro, California Assessing Ship Emissions Reduction Strategies Pacific Ports Clean Air Collaborative Conference March 2018 San Pedro, California Still Need to do More 2020 Ozone Estimated Reduction from ECA 2020 PM 2.5

More information

(This page intentionally left blank)

(This page intentionally left blank) (This page intentionally left blank) 2002 BASELINE EMISSIONS INVENTORY March 2004 Prepared for: PORT OF LONG BEACH Prepared by: Starcrest Consulting Group, LLC 6200 Taggart Street Houston, Texas 77007

More information

Mobile Source Committee Update

Mobile Source Committee Update OTC/MANE VU Fall Meeting November 15th, 2012 Washington, DC OZONE TRANSPORT COMMISSION Mobile Source Committee Update 1 Overview 1. Mobile Sources Cause 40-60% of the Ozone in the Eastern US 2. State Authority:

More information

This page intentionally left blank.

This page intentionally left blank. This page intentionally left blank. Executive Summary In 2013, Vancouver Fraser Port Authority (VFPA), the Port of Seattle (POS), and the Port of Tacoma (POT) collaborated to create an updated Northwest

More information

Cargo Handling Equipment Heavy-Duty Vehicles/Trucks Ocean-Going Vessels

Cargo Handling Equipment Heavy-Duty Vehicles/Trucks Ocean-Going Vessels As also specified under the Project Specific Standards, the emissions from an individual project will be analyzed based upon its contribution to cumulative effects. The project contribution will be evaluated

More information

The Need to Reduce Marine Shipping Emissions

The Need to Reduce Marine Shipping Emissions The Need to Reduce Marine Shipping Emissions Doug Allard, Director, Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District Kathy Patton, Division Manager, Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District

More information

DRAFT MEMORANDUM. Introduction. January 9, 2018

DRAFT MEMORANDUM. Introduction. January 9, 2018 January 9, 2018 DRAFT MEMORANDUM To: Environmental Defense Fund and Diesel Technology Forum From: Ramboll Subject: Emission reductions and cost effectiveness for marine and locomotive projects - Update

More information

CARL MOYER AIR STANDARDS ATTAINMENT PROGRAM MARINE VESSEL REPOWER PROJECT APPLICATION

CARL MOYER AIR STANDARDS ATTAINMENT PROGRAM MARINE VESSEL REPOWER PROJECT APPLICATION CARL MOYER AIR STANDARDS ATTAINMENT PROGRAM MARINE VESSEL REPOWER PROJECT APPLICATION MARINE VESSEL REPOWER APPLICATION Please print clearly or type all information on this application and on all attachments.

More information

Request for Information for Ocean Going Vessel At Berth Emissions Reduction Technologies for use at the Port of Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles

Request for Information for Ocean Going Vessel At Berth Emissions Reduction Technologies for use at the Port of Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles Ocean Going Vessel At Berth Emissions Reduction Technologies for use at the Port of Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles REQUEST FOR INFORMATION October 12, 2010 DATE: October 12, 2010 TO: SUBJECT: Vendors/Consultants

More information

Reducing Workboat & Rail Emissions in Ports with Clean Diesel Technology

Reducing Workboat & Rail Emissions in Ports with Clean Diesel Technology Reducing Workboat & Rail Emissions in Ports with Clean Diesel Technology BACKGROUND: ENGINE REPLACEMENTS IN TEXAS COST EFFECTIVE RESEARCH: MARINE AND RAIL REPOWERS NEXT STEPS IN RESEARCH CASE STUDIES SWITCHER

More information

Air Pollution in the Santa Barbara Channel

Air Pollution in the Santa Barbara Channel Air Pollution in the Santa Barbara Channel Shore to Sea Lecture Series Tom Murphy, Division Manager Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District i t August 11&12, 2009 Overview e Air Quality regulatory

More information

Appendix B4 Energy Usage and Fuel Calculations

Appendix B4 Energy Usage and Fuel Calculations Appendix B4 Energy Usage and Fuel Calculations Berths 167-169 [Shell] Marine Oil Terminal Wharf Improvement Project March 2018 APP#131007-133 SCH# 2015061102 Table B4-1: Proposed Project (Mitigated) Construction

More information

EPA Tier 4 and the Electric Power Industry

EPA Tier 4 and the Electric Power Industry EPA Tier 4 and the Electric Power Industry The initiative to lower diesel engine emissions started with on-highway engines in 1973 and now extends to non-road mobile equipment, marine and locomotive engines,

More information

Review of the SMAQMD s Construction Mitigation Program Enhanced Exhaust Control Practices February 28, 2018, DRAFT for Outreach

Review of the SMAQMD s Construction Mitigation Program Enhanced Exhaust Control Practices February 28, 2018, DRAFT for Outreach ABSTRACT The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review process requires projects to mitigate their significant impacts. The Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District (SMAQMD or District)

More information

Air Quality Mandates Affecting the Caltrans Fleet Caltrans Division of Equipment Sacramento, CA June, 2009

Air Quality Mandates Affecting the Caltrans Fleet Caltrans Division of Equipment Sacramento, CA June, 2009 Air Quality Mandates Affecting the Caltrans Fleet Caltrans Division of Equipment Sacramento, CA June, 2009 Presentation Overview ARB On Road Mandate ARB Off Road Mandate South Coast AQMD Fleet Rules ARB

More information

Other Transportation Report

Other Transportation Report San Diego County Greenhouse Gas Inventory An Analysis of Regional Emissions and Strategies to Achieve AB 32 Targets Other Transportation Report Civil Aviation Water-Borne Navigation Off-Road Equipment

More information

Metro and you, building together.

Metro and you, building together. metro.net Metro and you, building together. Compliance Guide to Construction Vehicles and Equipment Off-Road off-road equipment Idling effective June 15, 2008 requirement ARB s regulation, Title 13, CCR,

More information

RAILYARDS SUPPORT A VARIETY OF OPERATIONS INCLUDING: LOCOMOTIVES, ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD TRUCKS, CARGO-HANDLING EQUIPMENT, TRANSPORTATION

RAILYARDS SUPPORT A VARIETY OF OPERATIONS INCLUDING: LOCOMOTIVES, ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD TRUCKS, CARGO-HANDLING EQUIPMENT, TRANSPORTATION RAILYARDS SUPPORT A VARIETY OF OPERATIONS INCLUDING: LOCOMOTIVES, ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD TRUCKS, CARGO-HANDLING EQUIPMENT, TRANSPORTATION REFRIGERATION UNITS AND MAINTENANCE SHOPS. CHAPTER FIVE railyards

More information

United States Army Corps of Engineers, New York District General Conformity Determination Notice

United States Army Corps of Engineers, New York District General Conformity Determination Notice United States Army Corps of Engineers, New York District General Conformity Determination Notice On October 30, 2012, New York State (DR-4085) and New Jersey State (DR-4086) declared Super Storm Sandy

More information

Goal 1: Reduce DPM emissions per metric ton of cargo by 75% by 2015 and by 80% by 2020, relative to 2005

Goal 1: Reduce DPM emissions per metric ton of cargo by 75% by 2015 and by 80% by 2020, relative to 2005 20::4001 540500 Executive Summary In 2013, Port Metro Vancouver (PMV), the Port of Seattle (POS), and the Port of Tacoma (POT) collaborated to create an updated Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy with

More information

2011 Annual Report May San Pedro Bay Ports. Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program. Moving towards zero emissions

2011 Annual Report May San Pedro Bay Ports. Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program. Moving towards zero emissions May 2012 San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program Moving towards zero emissions TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 6 1.0 TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT PROGRAM... 9 1.1 Introduction...

More information

Technology Advancement Program

Technology Advancement Program May 2013 San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program Moving towards zero emissions TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 1.0 TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT PROGRAM... 4 1.1 Introduction...

More information

2009 Annual Report August San Pedro Bay Ports. Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program. Moving towards zero emissions

2009 Annual Report August San Pedro Bay Ports. Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program. Moving towards zero emissions August 2010 San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan Technology Advancement Program Moving towards zero emissions TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 1.0 TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT PROGRAM... 5 1.1

More information

U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle GHG and CAFE Standards

U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle GHG and CAFE Standards Policy Update Number 7 April 9, 2010 U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle GHG and CAFE Standards Final Rule Summary On April 1, 2010, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and U.S. Department of Transportation

More information

NATIONAL CLEAN DIESEL CAMPAIGN & FUNDING DERA, VW, AND SMARTWAY

NATIONAL CLEAN DIESEL CAMPAIGN & FUNDING DERA, VW, AND SMARTWAY NATIONAL CLEAN DIESEL CAMPAIGN & FUNDING DERA, VW, AND SMARTWAY Alison Riley, U.S. EPA, Region 3 Healthy Ports, Vibrant Ports Workshop October 24, 2017 DIESEL AND HEALTH Pollutants: Particulate Matter

More information

IAPH Tool Box for Port Clean Air Programs

IAPH Tool Box for Port Clean Air Programs IAPH Priority Pollutants Toolbox Introduction This Tool Box is constructed with two main sections: air quality and greenhouse gases. These topics are accessible from tabs on the main page. The additional

More information

Transportation Electrification: Reducing Emissions, Driving Innovation. August 2017

Transportation Electrification: Reducing Emissions, Driving Innovation. August 2017 Transportation Electrification: Reducing Emissions, Driving Innovation August 2017 CA raising the bar in environmental policy and action Senate Bill 350 (DeLeon, 2015) established broad and ambitious clean

More information

REALIZING THE AIR QUALITY BENEFITS OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS. A Case Study of the Alameda Corridor

REALIZING THE AIR QUALITY BENEFITS OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS. A Case Study of the Alameda Corridor REALIZING THE AIR QUALITY BENEFITS OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS A Case Study of the Alameda Corridor April 29, 25 Dr. Margaret Lobnitz, Weston Solutions, Inc. 1 BACKGROUND In mid-198 s, growing concern

More information