Research Outcomes Implementation of Biodiesel Processing Technology

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Sustainable Energy Institute of Technology Bandung Conference on Asia

1 Research Outcomes Implementation of Biodiesel Processing Technology Tirto Prakoso Group on Research of Biodiesel Center for Research on Sustainable Energy Institute of Technology Bandung Conference on Asia Biomass Promotion Activity in nd March, 2010, Otemachi Sankei Plaza, Tokyo

2 Contents 1. Biodiesel. 2. Utilization in Indonesia. 3. Research Theme and Topics 4. Implementation from Laboratory 5. Closing

3 What is biodiesel Biodiesel is alkyl ester of fatty acid. Biodiesel is the of cleaner burning alternative fuel beside fossil fuel diesel produced from renewable resources. Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, non-toxic, and essentially free of sulfur and aromatics. It works in any diesel engine with little or no modifications and reduce harmful emissions. Frequently, it is mixed with petrodiesel with B5, B10, B20, etc.

4 Biodiesel utilization in Indonesia The History of biodiesel in Indonesia has begun at the year of 2002 when the Forum of Biodiesel Indonesia (FBI) has been founded by the stake holder s and leaded by Dr. Tatang Soerawidjaja in month of August, However, In year of 1995 an experiment of using methyl ester biodiesel produced from palm oil has been done by state owned oil company, however almost no further study or utilization due to its high price compare to subsidized diesel oil, The forum was trying to convince the government and other related institution that the country should start to develop and using biodiesel as alternative fuel for the diesels for transportation at the first.

5 Biodiesel utilization in Indonesia In the year of 2005, the withdrawal of subsidized to some type of fuel was conducted following the rise of world crude oil price, the utilization became in the good progress, The business of biodiesel in Indonesia is expected to grow as the government intends to boost the biofuel program since the new issuance of National Energy Policy in 2006, The policy has stated that biofuels are parts of renewable energy sources besides other types of sources such as geothermal, biomass, biogas, wind, river flow, etc. The targets in this policy include the role of each renewable energy source in the energy consumption for optimum primary energy mix.

6 Biodiesel utilization in Indonesia In the latter, the role of biofuels is set for more than 5% in the national energy consumption by the year This policy has been reinforced by the issuance of President Instruction No. 1/2006 concerning the regulation of biodiesel utilization, National Biodiesel Standard SNI and Decree of the Oil and Gas Directorate General on Biodiesel Blending regulation that allows maximum blending of 10%. Biodiesel utilization has just gained significant milestone in 2006, when state owned oil company (PERTAMINA) dealing with business in oil & gas, LNG, energy and petrochemical industries, started to sell a blend of 95% diesel fuel and 5% SNI standard biodiesel (B5) with the trade name of BIOSOLAR on 20 May 2006.

7 Biodiesel utilization in Indonesia PERTAMINA has been selling a BIOSOLAR at several hundred fuel outlets in Java and Bali Island. In line with the policy of biofuel mandatory utilization and the continuously growing domestic biodiesel producer, PERTAMINA plans to open the BIOSOLAR s fuel outlets in all parts of Indonesia and increase the biodiesel blending content at least up to B20 in In the year of 2010 the Directorate General of Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation has been established to support its utilization in Indonesia in the near future.

8 Indonesia s Installed Biodiesel Production capacity Source: DitJen EBTKE, 2010

9 Indonesia s Installed Biodiesel Production capacity Totally more than 3.5 million ton /year capacity of palm biodiesel production.

10 Research theme and topics in Biodiesel Development

11 Background of researches Indonesia is the tropical country that possible to produce biomass as much as they can. Many types of the origin of the biomass are the sources of biofuel especially for liquid biofuel Recently, Indonesia is the largest producer of palm oil, estimated about 20 million ton/year and in year of 2020 would be 40 million ton/year. The huge of biomass production from its plantation is readily to be utilized, however appropriate technologies are needed. Furthermore, Indonesia has huge diversity of flora instead of Palm to be utilize as biofuel even from its seed or other parts of the plant.

12 Background of researches The list of more than 50 type potential vegetation to be the source of oils for biodiesel are readily identified, However, only few of them were characterized for the source diversification of oil for biodiesel raw material.

Investigated Oil Crops as Source of Biodiesel

became our interest such as: Jatropha curcas

malapari), Azadirachta indica (Neem, Nimba),

13 Investigated Oil Crops as Source of Biodiesel Feedstocks Mainly the inedible feedstocks became our interest such as: Jatropha curcas L (Jarak Pagar), Pongamia pinnata (pongam, malapari), Azadirachta indica (Neem, Nimba), Ceiba petandra (Kapok randu), Hevea brasiliensis (Rubber tree), Callophylum Innophylum (Nyamplung), Aleurites trisperma (Kemiri china/sunan)

14 Our Laboratory Topics of Interest The laboratory has been established in the year of 2002, begun with investigating detail process for producing biodiesel, The laboratory has capability to analyze the most important parameter in producing vegetable oil and its biodiesel, The newest activity is In Collaboration with Japanese Company and BPPT, we are now establishing biodiesel laboratory and research plant for fueling mining trucks in Kalimantan Island.

15 Group on Study of Biodiesel Facilities Process Development Synthesis Gas Production Hydrogenation of Biodiesel Lister Engine

16 Our Laboratory Topic of Interest Exploring the new resources for biodiesel feedstocks as mentioned before, Adsorbent for Dry washing method process, Small scale biodiesel plant process intensification, Investigating the process to produce other chemical product from related resource of oil such as: Carotenoid extraction, Pongamol and other minor content of the Pongam oil, Exploring biofuels for fueling turbine jet, Investigating fundamental theory of process for producing biodiesel from various feedstocks.

17 Our Laboratory Topic of Interest Biodiesel production technology from feed stocks other than palm oil as mentioned before, Heterogeneous Solid Catalyst development for biodiesel production, Developing engine fueled by pure plant oil for remote area electrification, collaborative research with laboratory of combustion engine, Developing biofuel for fueling jet turbine engine, collaborative research with laboratory of combustion engine, The second generation biodiesel and bioethanol become the research interest. Biomass gasification is one of the key for future energy resources now is becoming our research interest in our group.

18 Implementation from Laboratory

19 Small Scale Dev Adsorbent for Dry washing process Commercial Scale Dev

20 Experimental Biodiesel Plant and Jatropha Curcas Plantation in Tanjung, Kalimantan Island

21 Acknowledgments Our best appreciation to Asia Biomass researcher invitation program by NEF (New Energy Foundation) in year of 2009 and 2010, so that our researcher are possible to join work with Research Center for New Fuels and Vehicle Technology, AIST, Tsukuba The Best gratitude to New Fuel Vehicle Laboratory. Our Special thanks to Dr. Sinichi Goto and All Research center member of NFV for the opportunity to join research in NFV Laboratory.

22 Terima kasih atas perhatian hadirin Thank You

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Research Energy consumption in Indonesia increases rapidly in line with economic and population growth. Currently, Indonesia is very much dependent on fossil fuel