Pollutant emissions from the ROAD TRANSPORT sector - global and regional technology perspectives
|
|
- Jodie Waters
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Pollutant emissions from the ROAD TRANSPORT sector - global and regional technology perspectives Contribution to the HTAP workshop Laxenburg/AT 8 Oct 2012 Jens Borken-Kleefeld, Zbigniew Klimont International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
2 Emissions road transport to global Trends in global emissions Share road/non-road sectors in global emissions 2005 BC CO NOx Road emissions most relevant for NOx & BC (diesel engines) and CO (gasoline engines)
3 Emissions road transport to global Global NOx emissions by vehicle category Share road/non-road sectors in global emissions 2005 Bus Trucks Diesel LDV Gasoline LDV Most relevant for NOx emissions Trucks!!! + Bus (=HDV) Gasoline LDV declining Diesel LDV Road emissions most relevant for NOx & BC (diesel engines) and CO (gasoline engines)
4 NOx trends by region NOx CHN, SEA4, IND,,other Middle East US, EUR, other OECD Biggest source regions for NOx OECD: US + EUR Asia: CHN, SEA4, IND Middle East!
5 NOx trends by region: Trucks g/mj avg. EF What hinders? Middle East no further controls scen. fuel consumption Current legislation scen. What hinders? Should go down to EURO IV, i.e. -50% Avg. EF declines by 80% in US & EUR what s needed in other regions? Globally, growth offsets reduction in emission factor
6 NOx trends by region: Gasoline cars g/mj Middle East avg. EF no further controls scen. fuel consumption Current legislation scen. (EURO) standards leads to strong decline in emissions in all regions.
7 BC: Emissions road transport to global Global BC emissions by vehicle category Share road/non-road sectors in global emissions 2005 Non-exhaust Bus Trucks Diesel LDV Gasoline LDV Most relevant for BC emissions Trucks Diesel LDV Road emissions most relevant for NOx & BC (diesel engines) and CO (gasoline engines)
8 BC trends by region BC US, EUR, other OECD CHN, SEA4, IND,,other Middle East Biggest source regions for BC OECD: US + EUR Asia: CHN, SEA4, IND Middle East!
9 BC trends by region: Trucks g/mj Middle East avg. EF no further controls scen. fuel consumption Current legislation scen. What hinders? Avg. EF declines by 99% in US & EUR what s needed in other regions?
10 BC trends by region: Diesel LDV g/mj Why not less? Middle East avg. EF no further controls scen. fuel consumption Current legislation scen. Why not less? What hinders? Why not less? Avg. EF declines by 98% in US & EUR why not similar in other regions?
11 CO: Emissions road transport to global Global CO emissions by vehicle category Share road/non-road sectors in global emissions 2005 Diesel LDV, trucks, bus Gasoline LDV Mopeds, scooters, motorcycles Most relevant for CO emissions Mopeds + motorcycles growing! Gasoline LDV - declining Road emissions most relevant for NOx & BC (diesel engines) and CO (gasoline engines)
12 CO trends by region CO CHN 2-wheels US, EUR, other OECD Middle East CHN, SEA4, IND, other cars OECD Biggest source regions for CO Asia: CHN, SEA4, IND -> 2-wheelers OECD: US + EUR-> cars
13 Legislation on mobile sources in Asia * Country European Union Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4 Euro 5 Bangladesh e Euro 2 Bangladesh f Euro 1 Hong Kong, China Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4 India a Euro 1 Euro 2 E3 India b E1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Indonesia Euro 2 Malaysia Euro 1 Euro 2 E4 Nepal Euro 1 Philippines Euro 1 PRC a Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 E4 PRC c Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 E4 Singapore e Euro 1 Euro 2 Singapore f Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 4 Sri Lanka Euro 1 Taipei,China US Tier 1 US Tier 2 for diesel d Thailand Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4 Viet Nam Euro 2
14 Penetration of new technologies HDT CHINA HDT Germany
15 Issues for discussion 1. Recommendations for current-policy scenario? IEA on petroleum, electric & fuel cell (<0.1%) ok til Alternative assumptions on possible controls Level of Euro 4/IV, 5/V, 6/VI? Penetration rates for new technologies? Fuel qualities ready in time? Phase-out and lifetime of old vehicles? High-emitters!? Impact of local/city policies on national level? Institutional advances/deficits Certification & in-use compliance / durability effective? Inspection & maintenance programs effective? Mismatch between certification and real-world driving? 3. Longer-term research needs?
16 Backup slides
17 NOx: Road transport emissions by region NOx Avg. NOx EF Trucks IND US, EUR, other OECD CHN, SEA4, IND,,other Middle East SEA MEA BRA MEX CHN RUS USA JPN Biggest source regions for NOx OECD: US + EUR Asia: CHN, SEA4, IND Middle East!
18 NOx trends by region: Diesel LDV Should go down to EURO 4, i.e. -50% Middle East avg. EF g/mj no further controls scen. fuel consumption Current legislation scen. Should go down to EURO 4, i.e. -50% Should go down to EURO 4, i.e. -50% Tighter standards strong decline in OECD why not elsewhere? However, total emissions 5 times lower than from trucks!
Status of Motor Vehicle Environmental Regulations in Asia M. P. Walsh July 22, 2004 Jakarta, Indonesia
Status of Motor Vehicle Environmental Regulations in M. P. Walsh July 22, 24 Jakarta, Indonesia ELEMENTS OF A COMPREHENSIVE VEHICLE POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGY APPROPRIATE MAINTENANCE CLEAN VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
More informationOVERVIEW OF THE ASIAN FUEL MARKET
OVERVIEW OF THE ASIAN FUEL MARKET THE EUROPEAN FUELS CONFERENCE 9 March 2011 Sunanda Banerjee European Fuel Oxygenates Association - www.efoa.eu Mission and Vision Working closely with fuel policymakers,
More informationCategory NFR/CRF 1A3b Road transport
JRC Bldg 26A, 16-17 October Expert meeting on the Development of Emission Factors for the Road Transport Sector 1 Use of Guidebook EFs for producing Global Emission Inventories Category NFR/CRF 1A3b Road
More informationThe Global Fuel Economy Initiative. Jane Akumu UN Environment
The Global Fuel Economy Initiative Jane Akumu UN Environment Historical High Growth Has Made Vehicles An Important Contributor To Local, Regional and Global Pollution Vehicle fleet to triple (from ~1 billion
More informationRoad Transport Energy Demand and CO 2 Emissions in APEC Economies through 2040
The 34 th edition of the International Energy Workshop (IEW) June 03 05, 2015, Abu Dhabi Road Transport Energy Demand and CO 2 Emissions in APEC Economies through 2040 Atit Tippichai Asia Pacific Energy
More informationPrimary energy. 8 Consumption 9 Consumption by fuel. 67 th edition
Primary energy 8 Consumption 9 Consumption by fuel 67 th edition Primary energy Consumption* Growth rate per annum Million tonnes oil equivalent 27 28 29 2 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 217 26-16 Share 217
More informationRegional Workshop on Transport Sector Inspection and Maintenance Policy in Asia
Regional Workshop on Transport Sector Inspection and Maintenance Policy in Asia Bangkok, 1-12 December 21 Kiyoyuki Minato Japan Automobile Research Institute 1 Air pollution and Traffic congestion Every
More informationInternational Flows REGIONAL TABLES. Introduction. Key Trends. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2008
183 International Flows The People s Republic of China has the biggest share of merchandise exports in the region. The destination of exports of major exporters tends to be other Asian economies. A similar
More informationClean Transportation. Clean. Progress for Better Air Quality. Progress for Better Air Quality. Thailand and Other Asia. Fuel Sulfur Reduction
Clean Transportation Elements of a Comprehensive Vehicle Pollution Control Strategy Thailand and Other Asia An Update on Progress, Obstacles, Opportunities, and the Role for ICCT By Dr. Supat Wangwongwatana
More informationEconomy and Output. Snapshots. Key trends. 220 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015
220 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Economy and Output Snapshots The Asia and Pacific region generated more than 40% of global gross domestic product (GDP) in purchasing power parity terms
More informationClean Fuels for Asia. Bert Fabian
Clean Fuels for Asia Bert Fabian Transport Unit Head, Cebu, Philippines Jan 2008 Sustainable Urban Mobility in Asia A CAI-Asia Program Urban Air Quality Levels in Asia Air quality in Asia is improving
More informationProjections of global emissions of air pollutants
M. Amann, J. Cofala, Z. Klimont International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Projections of global emissions of air pollutants TFHT Workshop on Emission Inventories and Projections Beijing,
More informationEmissions from the transport sector
IIASA - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Emissions from the transport sector 21 March 2011 Laxenburg/AT Jens Borken-Kleefeld with Janusz Cofala and Peter Rafaj IIASA Laxenburg/AT borken@iiasa.ac.at
More informationFigure 4.1 Shares in total world exports, regions of the world and major exporters in the Asia and Pacific region, Asia and the Pacific 32.
255 Globalization Snapshots The Asia and Pacific region accounted for about one-third of the world s merchandise exports. Subdued demand from major markets dampened export growth in 2012. Intraregional
More informationFuel Economy Policies in Transport
Fuel Economy Policies in Transport Mark Angelo Tacderas Transport Researcher APERC Annual Conference Tokyo, 9-10 June 2015 About Clean Air Asia 2 Mission: to promote better air quality and livable cities
More informationFigure 4.1: Shares in Total World Exports, Regions of the World; and Major Exporters in the Asia and Pacific Region, 2014
272 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Globalization Snapshots The Asia and Pacific region accounted for about one-third of the world s merchandise exports in 2014, up from about one-quarter
More informationEnergy Challenges and Costs for Transport & Mobility. 13th EU Hitachi Science and Technology Forum: Transport and Mobility towards 2050
Energy Challenges and Costs for Transport & Mobility 13th EU Hitachi Science and Technology Forum: Transport and Mobility towards 25 Dr. Lewis Fulton Head, Energy Policy and Technology, IEA www.iea.org
More informationBP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2017
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 217 Primary energy 8 Consumption 8 Consumption by fuel 9 66 th edition Primary energy Consumption* Growth rate per annum Million tonnes oil equivalent 26 27 28
More informationFuel Economy Policy Pathways for the ASEAN Region
Fuel Economy Policy Pathways for the ASEAN Region Fuel economy standards in Asia Few Asian countries have fuel economy standards but growing over the years! Standards for passenger cars (LDV) are given
More informationEnergy Security of APEC Economies in a Changing Downstream Oil Environment
IEEJ Feb. 2018 4th APEC OGSN Forum on 7 March 2018 Session2-2 Energy Security of APEC Economies in a Changing Downstream Oil Environment Takashi MATSUMOTO and Ichiro KUTANI Manager, Global Energy Group
More informationEconomy and Output. Introduction. Key Trends. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2010
152 Economy and Output The Asia and Pacific region accounts for almost one third of global GDP measured in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Many economies in the region have made substantial increases
More informationPast and Future Transport Emissions. QUANTIFY EU 6th Research Framework Programme Kristin Rypdal, Activity Co-Leader
Past and Future Transport Emissions QUANTIFY EU 6th Research Framework Programme Kristin Rypdal, Activity Co-Leader QUANTIFY Quantification of the impact of air, sea and land traffic on the global climate
More informationPromoting Electric Mobility in Developing Countries
Promoting Electric Mobility in Developing Countries Kamala Ernest, Programme Officer Transport Unit, UN Environment Sustainable Transport in Egypt: Progress, Prospects and Partnerships December 14th, 2016
More informationGlobal transport outlook to 2050 Targets and scenarios for a low-carbon transport sector
OECD/IEA 2012 Global transport outlook to 2050 Targets and scenarios for a low-carbon transport sector John Dulac Energy Analyst, Energy Technology Policy Division International Energy Agency Content IEA
More informationPromoting Electric Mobility in Low and Middle Income Countries
Promoting Electric Mobility in Low and Middle Income Countries David Rubia Programme Officer, Transport Unit, UN Environment 17 th IUAPPA World Clean Air Congress & 9th CAA Better Air Quality Conference
More informationEconomy and Output. Key Trends. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2011
156 Economy and Output Asia generated a third of global GDP (gross domestic product) in 2009 in purchasing power parity terms. The big three the People s Republic of China, Japan, and India dominate the
More informationImproving Fuel Economy in Southeast Asia
Improving Fuel Economy in Southeast Asia Bert Fabian, Programme Officer, Transport Unit, UN Environment 29 March 2017, Bangkok, Thailand UN Environment Promoting Sustainable Low Emissions Transport Avoid
More informationTechnologies for Euro 4 and higher emissions standards - International experiences and recommendations. Zifei Yang
Euro 4 emission standard and labelling for manufactured, assembled and imported cars workshop July 26, 2017 Hanoi, Vietnam Technologies for Euro 4 and higher emissions standards - International experiences
More informationGlobalization. Snapshots. Key trends. 212 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2014
212 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2014 Snapshots The Asia and Pacific region accounted for about one-third of the world s merchandise exports in 2013, up from about one-quarter in 2001. At the
More informationvehicle emissions Bert Fabian JARI Philippines Roundtable 2010: Air Pollution Reduction and Energy Policies in the Philippines 5 February 2010
Fuel quality and its impact on vehicle emissions Bert Fabian CAI-Asia Asia Center JARI Philippines Roundtable 2010: Air Pollution Reduction and Energy Policies in the Philippines 5 February 2010 1 Achieving
More informationGovernment and Governance
218 Government and Governance Negative fiscal balances are observed in slightly over half of the economies in the region. A number of relatively fast-growing economies have low tax burdens. Government
More informationGlobal Downstream Petroleum Outlook
Global Downstream Petroleum Outlook Claude Mandil Executive Director International Energy Agency 3 rd OPEC International Seminar Vienna, 12 September 26 Spare Refinery Capacity Has Tightened 9 1% 85 95%
More informationAn overview of International Policies on Vehicle Fuel Economy. Jane Akumu UN Environment
An overview of International Policies on Vehicle Fuel Economy Jane Akumu UN Environment Fuel economy policies & instruments Target group: Consumer Monetary Fiscal instruments FE Consumer information Labelling
More information2011 Third Quarter Update 17 November 2011
2011 Third Quarter Update 17 November 2011 Operations Highlights Group (In HK$ millions) 3Q11 3Q10 2011 2010 Sales 1,334 1,125 +19% 3,983 3,262 +22% Gross profit 767 638 +20% 2,348 1,875 +25% Gross margin
More informationMoney, Finance, and Prices
232 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013 Money, Finance, and Prices Snapshots Inflation eased across the Asia and Pacific region in 2012, reflecting softer economic growth in the region, relatively
More informationGovernment and Governance
255 Government and Governance The global crisis has increased fiscal deficits in most economies and reduced tax revenues, but government expenditures on education and on social security and welfare have
More informationFigure 2.1: Distribution of Gross Domestic Product at Purchasing Power Parity Asia and Pacific Region in the World Economy (%)
134 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 II. Economy and Output Snapshot Asia and the Pacific accounted for 40.9% of global gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) in 2016,
More information67 th edition. Renewable energy. Appendices. 44 Other renewables consumption 45 Biofuels production
Renewable energy 44 Other renewables consumption 45 Biofuels production Appendices A1 Solar Generation A2 Wind Generation A3 Geothermal, biomass and other Generation A4 Geothermal Cumulative installed
More informationGlobal Fuel Economy Initiative Achievements and Impacts. Kamala Ernest Programme Officer United Nations Environment Programme
Global Fuel Economy Initiative Achievements and Impacts Kamala Ernest Programme Officer United Nations Environment Programme Doubling the efficiency of the global fleet by 2050 2005 2008 2011 2013 2030
More informationM O T O R V E H I C L E S T A T I S T l C S
M O T O R V E H I C L E S T A T I S T l C S of Japan 2017 JAPAN AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATlON, INC. C O N T E N T S Motor Vehicles in Use Cars, Trucks, Buses and Special Purpose Vehicles, 1945-2016
More informationCoal. 36 Reserves and prices 38 Production and consumption. 67 th edition
Coal 36 Reserves and prices 38 Production and consumption 67 th edition Total proved reserves at end 217 Million tonnes Anthracite and bituminous Subbituminous and lignite US 228 3116 25916 24.2% 357 Canada
More informationAppendix Tables [ 129 ]
Appendix Tables Appendix Table 1. Gross national product (GNP) per capita in constant 1995 U.S. dollars: Selected countries of East, Southeast, and South and Central Asia, 1960 1999 Subregion and country
More informationElectric 2-3 Wheelers. Bert Fabian, Programme Officer, Air Quality and Mobility Unit, UN Environment 27 November, Manila, Philippines
Electric 2-3 Wheelers Bert Fabian, Programme Officer, Air Quality and Mobility Unit, UN Environment 27 November, Manila, Philippines UN Environment Promoting Sustainable Low Emissions Transport Africa
More informationFuel Quality Issues and Developments in Asia
Fuel Quality Issues and Developments in Asia Liisa Kiuru Director, Asia International Fuel Quality Center www.ifqc.org 1 International Fuel Quality Center 2 Situation in Each Country Varies Emissions WHO/Kyoto
More informationFAPRI Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute
26 WORLD OUTLOOK Presentation Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute Global Macroeconomic Overview Sustained and widespread real economic growth for the decade averaging 3.1%. Industrialized countries
More informationSeoul, Korea. 6 June 2018
Seoul, Korea 6 June 2018 Unprecedented growth in Automotive Catalysts SPEAKER Pascal Reymondet Executive Vice-President Catalysis 2 Agenda Business profile Light Duty Vehicles Heavy Duty Diesel Key takeaways
More informationThe People s Republic of China and Hong Kong, China together accounted for nearly 55% of developing member economies total external debt in 2015.
185 IV. Globalization Snapshot The People s Republic of China and Hong Kong, China were once again the recipients of the largest net foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in nominal terms in 2016, while
More informationInformation Technology and Economic Development: An Introduction to the Research Issues
November 1998 Working Papers No. 153 Information Technology and Economic Development: An Introduction to the Research Issues TABLE 1 WORLD-WIDE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BREAKDOWN, 1995
More informationFuel Economy Standards in Asia
Fuel Economy Standards in Asia Sophie Punte Executive Director Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities Center (CAI-Asia Center) ADB Transport Forum Asian Development Bank 26 May 2010 Increasing Motorization
More informationReal vehicle emissions Measuring and interpreting
ondon smog 1962 The picture can't be displayed. Real vehicle emissions Measuring and interpreting Jens Borken-Kleefeld International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis You don t manage what you don
More informationMoney, Finance, and Prices
250 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Money, Finance, and Prices Snapshots Inflation generally remained low across Asia and the Pacific in 2014 as declining oil prices took pressure off of consumer
More informationComparing unit emissions from on-road remote sensing with HBEFA
Comparing unit emissions from on-road remote sensing with HBEFA Dr. Jens Borken-Kleefeld International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Mitigation of Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases Program
More informationDiesel The new number game in town. Centre for Science and Environment
Diesel The new number game in town Centre for Science and Environment New Delhi, January 25, 2012 1 Why are we here today? 2 Diesel car sales hit all time high Overall car sales have galloped So have diesel
More informationI. World trade in Overview
I. World trade in - Overview Table I.1 Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production, 2-5 (Annual percentage change) 2-5 23 24 World merchandise exports 4.5 5. 9.5 6. Agricultural products
More informationHot and Cold Spots of the Future LCV Sector. Philipp Rosengarten Senior Market Analyst, Light Trucks
Hot and Cold Spots of the Future LCV Sector Philipp Rosengarten Senior Market Analyst, Light Trucks Presentation Outline Topic: Hot and Cold Spots of the Future LCV Sector Focus: Light Commercial Vehicles
More informationEnergy End-Use: Transport
Global Energy Use in Various End-Use Sectors Chapter 9, #1 Transport Energy Use in OECD and non-oecd Countries by Mode Chapter 9, #2 Modal Share of Global Energy Use and CO 2 Emission in Transport Sector
More informationFuel Economy Policy for the Transport Sector in the ASEAN Region
The ASEAN German Technical Cooperation Programme Cities, Environment and Transport Fuel Economy Policy for the Transport Sector in the ASEAN Region Alex Körner alex_koerner@gmx.de Sustainable Energy &
More informationSBL An overview 06-APR Slide number: 1
SBL An overview Slide number: 1 History of SBL Incorporated : 1974 Commencement of Production : 1976 India s major friction material manufacturer Part of TVS group Pioneered Asbestosfree production in
More informationThe Great Transition: Shifting from Fossil Fuels to Solar and Wind Energy Supporting Data - Hydropower
The Great Transition: Shifting from Fossil Fuels to Solar and Wind Energy Supporting Data - Hydropower World Installed Hydroelectric Generating Capacity, 1980-2013 GRAPH: World Installed Hydroelectric
More informationThe starting point: History of the VW defeat device scandal and lessons learned
The starting point: History of the VW defeat device scandal and lessons learned Drew Kodjak and ICCT Compliance Team: Rachel Muncrief, Peter Mock, John German, Anup Bandivadekar, Hui He FIA Foundation
More informationMotor Vehicle Emissions and the Government Response
Motor Vehicle Emissions and the Government Response Bruce Bertelsen Michael P. Walsh May 26, 2000 "Meeting Meeting Mexico's Air Quality Challenges" 06/19/00 1 Introduction Motor Vehicles Contribute to
More informationANNEX ON TRADE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS. Annex on Trade Performance Indicators
Annex on Trade Performance Indicators 177 ASIA-PACIFIC TRADE AND INVESTMENT REPORT 2009 178 List of tables Page 1.1. Merchandise exports to the world... 187 1.2. Merchandise imports from the world... 188
More informationRecord U.S. Peanut Exports on Strong Shipments to China and Vietnam
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service September 2016 Record U.S. Peanut Exports on Strong Shipments to China and Vietnam Thousand Metric Tons 800 700 600 500 400 300 200
More informationMajor causes of road crashes in countries in the Asia-Pacific region
https://twitter.com/shirleyeungccsi/status/748914589132165120 UNESCAP Regional Meeting on Renewing Regional Road Safety Goalsand Targets 28-29 July, 2016, Seoul, Republic of Korea Major causes of road
More informationMove forward fuel efficiency policy in Vietnam
The ASEAN German Technical Cooperation Programme Cities, Environment and Transport Move forward fuel efficiency policy in Vietnam Alex Körner alex_koerner@gmx.de March 29 Hanoi Content Introduction: Some
More informationThe Case for Mexico to Improve Vehicle Fuel Efficiency
The Case for Mexico to Improve Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Feng An Energy and Transportation Technologies LLC Katherine Blumberg International Council on Clean Transportation Workshop on Sustainable Transport
More informationPolicy Guidelines for Reducing Vehicle Emissions in Asia. Vehicle Emissions Standards and Inspection and Maintenance
Policy Guidelines for Reducing Vehicle Emissions in Asia Vehicle Emissions Standards and Inspection and Maintenance Asian Development Bank 2003 All rights reserved This publication was prepared by staff
More informationAndi Isra Mahyuddin, Tatacipta Dirgantara, Sigit Puji Santosa. Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung, INDONESIA
ASEAN as a Global Automotive Hub: Challenges for Industry and Higher Education Institution Indonesia Perspective Green Drive Project Conference, Antwerpen, 22-23 Sept 2016 Andi Isra Mahyuddin, Tatacipta
More informationMemo. Michael P. Walsh International Consultant. 1. Background and Introduction
Michael P. Walsh International Consultant Memo To: Whom It May Concern From: Michael P. Walsh Date: June 12, 2005 Re: Status Report: Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Trends Worldwide 1. Background and Introduction
More informationPakistan Oilseed Processors Seize Opportunity to Crush Soybeans
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service December 2015 Pakistan Oilseed Processors Seize Opportunity to Crush Soybeans Pakistan, long an importer of soybean meal, is transitioning
More informationSTATISTICS. Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department. Core Indicators. Development Economics and Indicators Division
Total Average Annual Growth Proportion of below $1.90 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) a Day CORE INDICATORS Proportion of Living below the National Poverty Line Annual Growth Per Capita of Gross Gross National
More informationNatural gas. 26 Reserves 28 Production and consumption 33 Prices 34 Trade movements. 67 th edition
Natural gas 26 Reserves 28 Production and consumption 33 Prices 34 Trade movements 67 th edition Natural gas Total proved reserves At end 1997 At end 2007 At end 2016 At end Trillion Trillion Trillion
More informationImproving fuel economy and integrating electric vehicles
Improving fuel economy and integrating electric vehicles Air Quality & Mobility Unit March 2018 Global Fuel Economy Initiative Doubling LDV Fuel Efficiency Worldwide by 2050 Slowing improvement in OECD
More informationPeople REGIONAL TABLES. Introduction. Key Trends. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2010
125 People The Asia and Pacific region accounts for about 56% of the world s population, with about 37% living in the two most populous economies, People s Republic of China (PRC) and India. Population
More informationEnhancing Regional Cooperation in Energy Infrastructure Development
Enhancing Regional Cooperation in Energy Infrastructure Development Davood Manzoor, Ph.D. High-Level Policy Dialogue on Regional Cooperation and Inclusive Development in South and South West Asia 18-19
More informationConcept Note on Implementation of Partnership on Clean Fuels and Vehicles in Asia
Concept Note on Implementation of Partnership on Clean Fuels and Vehicles in Asia I. BACKGROUND 1. Air pollution is starting to receive more attention in the development community. This reflects the growing
More informationSharp Decline in Vegetable Oil Stocks Leads to Steeply Higher Prices
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Circular Series FOP 1-11 Sharp Decline in Vegetable Oil Leads to Steeply Higher Prices Commodity prices have been on an upward trend
More informationGHG Emissions and Oil Consumptions from Transportation Sectors in US and China - Current Status and Future Trend
GHG Emissions and Oil Consumptions from Transportation Sectors in US and China - Current Status and Future Trend Transportation Consultant Sustainable Multi-Modal Transportation for Chinese Cities International
More informationSoybean Trade Growth: A Story of Brazil, the United States, and China
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service October 2017 Soybean Trade Growth: A Story of Brazil, the United States, and China 12-Month Soybean Export Growth Year Ending September
More informationFIH WOMEN'S WORLD RANKINGS - 8 OCTOBER 2012
FIH WOMEN'S WORLD RANKINGS - 8 OCTOBER 2012 Current Rankings Update: Next Rankings Update: Completion of Champions Trophy and Champions Challenge 2012 Completion of Continental Championships 2013 Completion
More informationFuel Economy State of the World 2014: The World is Shifting into Gear on Fuel Economy
Fuel Economy State of the World 2014: The World is Shifting into Gear on Fuel Economy BAQ Integrated Conference of BAQ 2014 and Intergovernmental 8th Regional EST Forum in Asia Session Topic: Doubling
More informationDevelopment in Dialogue 02 November 2016
Development in Dialogue 02 November 2016 To identify opportunities of growth and development of the Motorcycles Industry in SA Provide inputs to the SAs Automotive Masterplan and Policy currently under
More informationMoney, Finance, and Prices
191 Money, Finance, and Prices Snapshots Inflation generally remained at low levels across Asia and the Pacific in 2013, reflecting softer economic growth and relatively stable global food and commodity
More informationCoconut Oil Prices Spike
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Coconut Oil Prices Spike Coconut oil prices have surged over the past year in contrast to the general downward trend in other vegetable
More informationMacau Visitor Arrivals. Visitors Inflow ( YTD)
Macau Visitor Arrivals Macau Inflow 21 YOY Change 211 YOY Change 212 YOY Change Jan 2,46,556 6.8% 2,76,64 1.4% 2,461,64 18.6% Feb 2,57,566 24.4% 2,164,249 5.2% 2,13,977 1.5% Mar 2,11,99 6.7% 2,19,865 8.9%
More informationWorld Air Conditioner Demand by Region
World Air Conditioner Demand by Region April 2015 The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association 1 World Air Conditioner Demand by Region April 2015 The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
More informationWorld real merchandise trade grows faster than output
I. I. world trade developments 8 Merchandise trade and GDP World real merchandise trade grows faster than output In 2006, the volume of world merchandise trade grew by 8 per cent while world gross domestic
More informationModeling Investigation of Energy Use and Air Emissions from Urban Transportation Sector
Modeling Investigation of Energy Use and Air Emissions from Urban Transportation Sector Prof. Kebin HE Tsinghua University Workshop of IGES/APN Mega-City Project January 23-24, 2002, Kitakyushu, Japan
More informationSelected insights into road transport trends Ian Kershaw Managing Director, Ricardo Strategic Consulting
Ricardo plc 2017 Selected insights into road transport trends Ian Kershaw Managing Director, Ricardo Strategic Consulting Seventh IEA IEF OPEC Symposium on Energy Outlooks IEF Secretariat, Riyadh, Saudi
More information2.5 Nuclear Fusion Reactors Plasma Confinement and Its Devices Fusion Reactor Projects Conclusions...
Contents 1 General Overview... 1 1.1 Introduction... 1 1.2 Types of Nuclear Power Reactors.... 10 1.3 Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)... 11 1.3.1 Benefits of the Use of Small Modular Reactors.... 15 1.3.2
More informationDuncan Connolly. Basestocks & Specialties Marketing Development Manager ExxonMobil Fuels, Lubricants & Specialties Marketing Company
The 11 th ICIS Asian Base Oils & Lubricants Conference May 18, 2017 Base oil industry trends Growing use of Group II in Asia Duncan Connolly Basestocks & Specialties Marketing Development Manager ExxonMobil
More informationAbstract Process Economics Program Report 222 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY OUTLOOK (July 1999)
Abstract Process Economics Program Report 222 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY OUTLOOK (July 1999) Global energy demand is rising, with fossil fuels oil, natural gas, and coal continuing to provide more than 90% of
More informationSri Lanka Experience on Vehicle Taxation and Cleaner Fuel
Sri Lanka Experience on Vehicle Taxation and Cleaner Fuel Chairman, National Transport Commission, Sri Lanka 1 The Anil Agrawal Dialog 2015 March 11 th, 12 th, 2015 Seminar theme on Multi-Faceted and layered
More informationFIH MEN'S WORLD RANKINGS - 12 DECEMBER 2011
FIH MEN'S WORLD RANKINGS - 12 DECEMBER Current Update: Next Rankings Updates: Completion of Champions Trophy and Challenge events - 12 December Completion of Champions Trophy and Challenge events 2012
More informationWeak Real to Boost Brazil s Soybean Exports in 2016
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service October 2015 Weak Real to Boost Brazil s Soybean Exports in 2016 Brazil s exchange rate is having a significant impact on domestic and
More informationPopulation. H.2. Transport
H.2. Efficient, reliable and safe transport infrastructure and services are crucial to regional integration and the sustainable and inclusive economic and social development of countries. Asia and the
More informationWorld Geographic Shares
World Geographic Shares North America South America Europe Africa Asia Australia/ Oceania 18% 13% 7% 22% 33% 6% World Population Shares North America South America Europe Africa Asia Australia/ Oceania
More informationIndian Soybean Meal Exports Unlikely to Recover in 2015/16
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service November 2015 Indian Soybean Meal Exports Unlikely to Recover in Though once a significant regional exporter of soybean meal, India
More informationSteering ahead FY2012 Results Briefing 22 nd June 2012
Steering ahead FY2012 Results Briefing 22 nd June 2012 AGENDA FY2012 Highlights Business Overview Financial and Operations Highlights Industry Review Outlook & Growth Strategies FY2012 HIGHLIGHTS Revenue
More informationChina s Global Peanut Export Share Declines
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Circular Series FOP 07-13 China s Global Peanut Export Share Declines U.S. 10% Others 19% Argentina 17% U.S. 11% Others 16% Argentina
More information