Background of the CompMon-project

Transcription

1 Compliance monitoring pilot for Marpol Annex VI Background of the CompMon-project Tapani Stipa Adjunct Prof. (Docent) Finnish Meteorological Institute

2 IMO sulphur limit implementation ~30 USD/mt? ~300 USD/mt

3 What are we expected to monitor?

4 Driver for non-compliance: fuel price difference

5 Need for compliance monitoring Compliance of individual ships with emission regulations esp. SOx Benefit of non-compliance >= 5 k / day (Capesize, 150 USD/tn price difference; in early 2014, 300 USD/tn, 10 k /d) Total costs of compliance several bn USD/y (NS-BS) MS are obliged to a certain number of inspections Remote monitoring will reduce the obligatory inspections More efficient targeting for SOx compliance is possible A priori benefit of increased compliance: 5-50 M /compliance-%

6 Building on a long legacy EU and ESA projects in : IGPS (Sweden/Chalmers University), BSR InnoShip (Baltic Sea Region Programme), SNOOP (Central Baltic Programme), SAMBA (European Space Agency) At Paris MoU meeting in May 2013, Finland invited other member states to join in an effort to monitor compliance A workshop was held in November 2013 in Helsinki to review the readiness of solutions and authorities CompMon activities started in January 1, 2014 Parallel developments in EU in implementing sulphur directive, THETIS-S Contract with EU/CEF signed in December, 2015

7 Technological readiness CompMon is TRL 6-9

8 CompMon solution Airborne sniffing measurements combined with target screening with remote sensing methods Hand analysers Fixed installations

9 Airborne compliance monitoring in practice Feasibility established with trials using various small aircraft and helicopters Certification needed for regular operations: expensive and long process. Presently two aircraft are certified for routine operation of compliance measurements.

10 Sniffer Method Emission factors in gram emission per kg of consumed fuel from exhaust plume X/CO2 (X: SO2,NOx,particles ) CO2 SO2 Exactly the method approved by IMO and used in scrubber installations Beecken, J., Mellqvist,, Airborne emission measurements of SO2, NOx and particles from individual ships using sniffer technique, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 6, , doi: /amtd , 2013 Particle s NOx

11 Sulfur fuel content for ships in Neva bay and Gulf of Finland 2011 and 2012 measured from harbor vessel M/S Redut and MI-8 helicopter (BSR InnoShip project and IGPS, with Russian permission) IMO limit

12 Piloting of quick analysis instruments Handheld portable bunker fuel analysis devices (XRFscanners) The Netherlands, Sweden and Finland Enables measurement directly on board. This speeds up the process compared to samples sent to the laboratory for analysis and results can only be obtained after few days Images by NSI

13 Possible outputs Non-compliance alerts Ship 3 sailing at 59.5 N, 24.0 E heading 260 speed 15 kn next port Rotterdam ETA :00 estimated fuel sulphur content 2.0% reported by Sniffer1 Non-compliance risk (0-100; 100=certainty) Ship 1 2 Ship 2 33 Ship 3 95 Ship 4 63

14 Utilization of con-compliance alerts Will enable cost-efficient targeting of port inspections From 1 % coverage to 100 % coverage Establishing a credible risk of getting caught Expectation: the port inspection will collect the prima facie evidence High precision sniffer evidence collected with an audit trail and QA controls could in principle qualify as prima facie evidence? In combination with a penalty system, monitoring enables a level playing field

15 Project activities: Activity 5 Project management & dissemination Activity 1 CompMon Strategy and management Activity 2 Collecting and processing relevant data from the Action Activity 3 Piloting of instruments and platforms Activity 4 Piloting of targeting tools and applications

16 Activity 1: CompMon Strategy and management Sub-activities: Sub-activity 1.1 Elaboration of the CompMon strategy (Service Strategy Board) Sub-activity 1.2 Definition of CompMon services (Senior inspection officers board) Sub-activity 1.3 Assessment of legal aspects of compliance monitoring and enforcement - strategy - meeting of maritime directors - four SIOB meetings - two stakeholder conferences - cost efficiency evaluation report - co-ordinated inspection campaigns - coordination of the Innovation Partnership Platform - legal analysis

17 Global challenge Global traffic to be monitored Current satellites see NOx, not SOx (Source: IMO GHG study 2014 / FMI) (Source: KNMI / ESA SAMBA study)

18 Vote

19 Long-term vision 2015: make best use of current assets and proven technologies Fixed installations cherry-picking most cost efficient locations (~10-20 locations); cofinancing Airborne sniffing as a shared resource; initiation of a service market and/or extensive burden-sharing between governments (2025): consolidation of R&D, efficiency drive, demonstrations Long-range RPAS/UAV demonstrators with sniffing and remote sensing (e.g. in co-operation with ESA) New satellite sensor deployment and development (e.g. EU Sentinel 5, other ESA initiatives) Low-cost high quality sensors for remote fixed installations (e.g. H2020) 2020 (2025): global compliance monitoring capability Most likely with RPAS/UAVs; advanced satellite instruments

20 Long-term vision: statement from ESA The SAMBA feasibility study has been carried out in the framework of ESA's Integrated Applications Promotion (IAP) programme (ARTES 20): The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. ESA's IAP programme, in close partnership with end-users, is dedicated to the development, implementation and pilot operations of Integrated Applications that will lead to sustainable services. The goal is to provide innovative added value to services by combining different space assets, such as Telecommunications, Earth Observation, Navigation, and Human Spaceflight technologies, and by integrating them with existing terrestrial assets.

21 Compliance monitoring pilot for Marpol Annex VI Partners