Eni Biorefineries and Green Diesel: process and product innovation

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1 FuelsEurope / Bulgarian Petroleum and Gas Association (BPGA) Eni Biorefineries and Green Diesel: process and product innovation Manuel Carasol Volpi, Eni Refining & Marketing Sofia, 18 th April 2018

2 Topics Eni Case Study: how converting existing fossil Refinery into a BioRefinery, for production of a new generation very high quality biodiesel.... and at the same time counteracting the structural fossil Refinery overcapacity, and saving employment Description of Eni-Uop Ecofining TM Technology; Thanks to this new Biodiesel component availability, the launch on fuel market a new premium diesel, with very good characteristics both on engine performance and mainly on environmental impact. Eni s sustainable feedstocks 2

3 Venice Refinery geographic position North east zone Refinery Crude Island 3

4 Refining crisis High energy cost Decrease of demand Low operating margins Environmental constraints Old refining system Refining overcapacity 4

5 Eni vision: solution of the dilemma Decrease of demand Refining overcapacity 21 refineries closed in OCSE Europe(2 Mb/d) EU Refinery Industry Crisis Refining Capacity Reduction? Bio Quality Improvement ECOFINING TM Biorefinery EU biofuels Scenario Technology Patent Eni n MI2012A Sept RED 20/20/20 ILUC Directive RED II Proposal Re-Design a traditional Refinery! 5

6 From traditional Refinery to Green Refinery Deoxigenation Isomerization Splitting Hydrogen Emissions [t/year] Biomass H 2 O CO 2 Green LPG Green Naphtha Green Diesel Item Traditional Green Reduction SO % NOx % Particulate % CO % TRADITIONAL GREEN Water consumption [Mm3/year] CRUDE CRUDE OIL VIRGIN NAPHTHA DISTILLATION CONVERSION BIOMASS GASOLINE GASOLINE PRODUCTION H 2 ECOFINING DIESEL TM PRODOT PRODUCTS TI GASOLINE GREEN PRODUCTS Item Traditional Green Reduction Process Water Cooling Water 2,6 1,3-50% 56,8 28,4-50% 6

7 Green Refineries evolution 2013 Project start May Permitting 2007 EcofiningTM patent Natural Gas Green fuels production Steam Reformer Hydrogen GELA 720 kt/y Up to: 200 kt/y UCO 200 kt/y AF 200 kt/y PFAD New Feedstocks Shea Olein MATRILOX PF801F 600 kt/y Used cooked oil PFAD Pretreatment 10 % ECOFINING TM 7

8 The quality of GreenDiesel The Green Diesel, due to its chemical composition made of pure paraffines, is a perfect blending component for diesel fuel Euro 5 (EN:590) up to 30%. Properties Fossil Diesel ULSD Conventional Biodiesel (FAME) ECOFINING TM Green Diesel BIO content Oxygen, % Specific gravity Sulphur, ppm <10 <1 <1 Heating Value, MJ/kg Cloud Point, C -5 From -5 to +15 Up to-20 Distillation range, C Polyaromatics, %w Nox emissions Standard + 10% -10% Cetane Oxydation stability Standard Poor Excellent 8

9 New Eni Diesel+ New Chemical composition (15% Green Diesel) Less Total Aromatics Less Poliaromatics Less Impact on Environment Eni Diesel + Higher Cetane N and Detergent Additives Less Sulphur Better Engine Performances Less Consumptions Bench Istituto Motori di Napoli (CNR) both on car and heavy duty engines. Emission tests on commercial vehicles Euro 5 and Eni San Donato Milanese R&D Center. Bench Tests for detergent packages performances evaluation. 9 CNR Supervision on all in-house activities, for experimentation validation.dation.

10 Environmental benefits of Eni Diesel + on HDV CO 2 <-7% Renewable component Primary particulate -16% PNA - 38% Higher engine efficiency less toxic Reduction: CO + HC negligible * Sulphur content <3 ppm Primary particulate (content PNA -30%) Nitrogen oxides NOx Determines a reductionof secondary particulate COV ~ * Emission Reduction Validated Tests Eni CR SDM and CNR Istituto Motori Napoli Particles <2,5 µ -40% Reduction particles <2,5 µm of 40% The increase of cetane number (>55) contributes to better combustion efficiency, acoustic comfort (-1/2 db) and fuel efficiency. NOx -10% 10 * Not expected on Heavy Duty cold start procedure

11 Eni initiatives: real examples of circular economy Restaurants & Catering chains UCO Collection Domestic collection Local Public Administrations Local Public Transport Collection & Regenaration Consortium Collection & Regeneration companies Economia Circolare Framework agreement Contracts High quality Greendiesel (HVO) UCO collection at Eni s sites Eni Biorefineries 11

12 Advanced feedstocks for Eni biorefineries Microbic oils obtained from yeasts grown on sugars obtained from lignocellulosic biomasses. They are chemically equivalent to a palm-like vegetable oil, and are effective feedstock for the Ecofining process Algal oils obtained from photosynthetic microalgae grown in open or closed ponds Bio-oil obtained from organic waste, agri-food waste and sewage sludge Oxygenated compounds obtained from raw glycerine (patented molecules) 12

13 Thank you for your attention