Agriculture and Air Quality

Transcription

1 South County Environmental Compliance Workshop Agriculture and Air Quality April 25, 2018

2 What is the Monterey Bay Air Resources District? A government agency responsible for: Air Monitoring Permitting Enforcement Long-range Planning (Air Quality) Education and Public Information Mission: Protect Public Health Balance Economic and Air Quality Considerations

3 Sources of Air Pollution Stationary Sources Jurisdiction to regulate emissions Area Sources Jurisdiction to regulate some emission sources Mobile Sources No jurisdiction Incentivize changes to cleaner engines

4 Agriculture and Air Quality

5 MBARD Grant Programs Carl Moyer Memorial Grant Program Repower or replace diesel equipment Woodstove Change-out Specific to San Lorenzo Valley CEC Grants EV & Alternative Fuels Readiness EV Fleet and Infrastructure AB923 School Bus Repower/Replacements Plug-In Monterey Bay AB2766 Transportation and EV Rebates

6 Grant Programs Coming Soon AB134 ~ $700,000 Add-on to the Carl Moyer Program Disadvantaged Communities Wood Smoke Reduction Program - $250K Woodstove Replacements Available Districtwide FARMER ~ $1.3 million Ag Equipment Only

7 Carl Moyer Program Incentivizes purchase of cleaner equipment Goal: to obtain early or extra emissions reductions Provides up to 65% of cost for a changeout

8 Moyer Application Process Mid-January through Mid-March Two years of hours/fuel use Same function as old equipment Destroy old equipment Received 32 applications this cycle

9 Smoke Management Program

10 Smoke Management Program Assumptions: Burning necessary for land management Title 17 provides a basis for allowing burning District rule 438 supports outdoor burning Objectives: Support burning with techniques to reduce emissions Minimize potential for public impact Apply sound science to decision making Support fire safety considerations

11 Smoke Management Program Permits required - Title 17 (CCR) & Rule 438 Online Permitting Backyard Burning Agricultural Burning Prescribed Burning Work Closely with Land Managers to develop SMP Issue Permit with Conditions Meteorological Forecasting On - Site Assessment of Smoke Dispersion

12 Support for Large Projects Permit issuance Site Inspection Developing a meteorological prescription Authorization Staff forecasters study conditions Coordination with Landowners, Cal Fire, Etc. Begins 3-5 days prior to desired burn date Go, No-Go Decisions Based on expected weather conditions Other operational factors

13 Prescribed Burn La Macchia Ranch

14 Prescribed Burn La Macchia Ranch

15 Air Monitoring 6 Permanent Stations + 1 National Park Service Three Seasonal monitors in SLV Ozone, Particulate Matter (PM) 10 and 2.5 Consistent and Reliable Measure Progress Determine Attainment Status Basis for Developing AQ Management Plans Fort Ord Program Verification King City AMS

16 Monitoring Network Santa Cruz San Lorenzo Valley Salinas Hollister Pinnacles (NPS) Carmel Valley King City District Map

17 E-BAM PM2.5 Particulate Monitor Remote Site at Tassajara Zen Center

18 PM2.5 E-BAM Monitor Hourly samples from field monitor (left). Dark samples in Hazardous category from Zen Center (right).

19 King City AMS

20 F U G I T I V E D U S T Monterey Bay Air Resources District

21 What Is Fugitive Dust? Where Does It Originate? Why Is It a Problem? How do we manage it?

22 Particle Size

23

24 Fugitive Dust It s Air Pollution! Fugitive Dust is caused by human activity that has escaped from its place of origin. Inhalable PM10 (particles10 or fewer microns in diameter) represent about half the weight of a typical cloud of fugitive dust. Reduces crop yields. Increases operating costs. Can cause health effects. Increases wind erosion. Can contribute to visibility related accidents. Can cause a public nuisance

25 Sources of Fugitive Dust Unpaved Roads Agricultural Tilling Wind Erosion of Disturbed Land Paved Roads Fugitive Dust Constitutes Over Three Quarters of all PM 10 Generated by People in the NCCAB.

26 Best Management Practices Land Preparation & Cultivation Harvesting Techniques Traffic on Unpaved Roads

27 Land Preparation/Cultivation Time of Planting Conservation Irrigation Mulchin g Conservation Tillage

28 Harvest Management Pre-Harvest Soil Preparation Night Harvesting Shed Packaging

29 Unpaved Roads, Vehicle & Equipment Waterin g Wind Barriers Restrict Access Grave l

30 Results BEFORE AFTER Note Reduction in Dust after Road Watering.

31 Reducing Speed Significantly Reduces Fugitive Dust

32 Education

33 Revised Air Toxic Control Measure (ATCM) Requirements for Portable Diesel-Fueled Engines and Agricultural Engine Registration Bronwyn Nielson April 25, 2018

34 Diesel-Fueled Engines >50 Hp Equipment Generators Irrigation Pumps Compressors Portable Screening Wood Chippers Auxiliary Engines Trench Burner Permit Types Portable Equipment Registration Program (PERP-State) Portable Engines (Local Air District Permit or Registration) Agricultural Engines (Local Air District Registration) Stationary Engines (Local Air District Permit or Registration)

35 Diesel Fueled Engines Emissions Exhaust emits mixture of gases and solids 40 known Cancer causing organic substances Diesel particulate matter (DPM) DPM 2.5microns 8% in outdoor air

36 Diesel Fueled Engines Regulations Portable Diesel Engine CARB PERP ATCM Stationary Compression Ignition Engine Local Air District RULE

37 Portable Equipment Registration Program What is PERP? PERP Registration is issued by CARB, but enforced by local air districts. Statewide Operation with some exceptions. Permit Renewal every 3 years Change of Ownership required within 30 days after the sale

38 Portable Equipment Registration Program Requirements CAN NOT Register Equipment as PERP if equipment stays in one location more than 12 months Requires local air district permit or registration Equipment units must be equipped with PM controls Current Tier engine (Final T4, Interim T4 for >750 bhp) *Some additional criteria may apply to your business

39 TIER Engine What it that?

40 PERP Enforcement Local Districts enforce PERP Requirements and Portable Engine ATCM CARB staff will handle fleet average for large fleets Arranged Inspection required once every 3 years Must contact home district after initial registration and each renewal (Notification within 45 days) Home District is where equipment is operated most of the time Can only be changed by registrant upon renewal Local district can request change at any time

41 Diesel Engine- Portable ATCM Changes Phase-Out Schedule Engines may not operate on or after dates listed Engine Certification Engines rated 50 to 750 bhp Large Fleet Small Fleet Engines rated >750 bhp Tier 1 1/1/2020 1/1/2020 1/1/2022 Tier 2 built prior to 1/1/2009 Tier 2 built on or after 1/1/2009 (>750 bhp) Tier 3 built prior to 1/1/2009 Tier 3 built on or after 1/1/2009 Tier 1, 2, and 3 flexibility engines 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2025 NA NA 1/1/2027 1/1/2025 1/1/2027 NA 1/1/2027 1/1/2029 NA December 31 of the year 17 years after the date of manufacture

42 Diesel Engine- Portable ATCM Changes Engines brought into CA for emergency events must be certified and can only operate for 1 year Submit hour meter readings upon renewal Low-use engines annual hours increased to 200 Must not sell engines in CA after phase-out

43 Ag Engine Registration Program Definition: Agricultural Operation Is directly involved in the growing and harvesting of crops or the raising of fowl or animals for the primary purpose of making a profit, livelihood, or conducting agricultural research or instruction by an educational institution. *Does not include ag processing or distribution of crops or fowl

44 Ag Engine Registration Program Examples of Ag Engines Irrigation pumps, generators, Portable Equipment, & internal engines that meet Ag Operation definition. Ag Engines >50Hp registered by March 1, 2008 New engines need to be registered within 90 days of installation.

45 Ag Engine Registration Program Submit application with fee Annual Renewal sent in July and due in 60 days New and Replacement Stationary Engines Must emission standards set forth in District Rule 1010 based on HP, Diesel PM, and or Type of fuel Registration Sticker Green Sticker Meets New Engine Emissions Red Sticker Engines have a Sunset Date

46 Ag Engine Registration Program Exempt from Registration Less than 50 hp Ag Wind Machines Engines used to propel equipment/vehicles

47 Ag Engine Registration Program Summary of Compliance Options Replacement with Electric Motor Replacement with Compliance Certified Diesel Engine (currently Tier 4 final) Replacement with Spark-Ignited Engine (natural gas, propane, gasoline) Biodiesel (Source Testing)

48 Questions?