Southern Railway Equipment Drawings and Photographs - Volume 1, Book 1-40' All-Steel Box Cars

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Southern Railway Equipment Drawings and Photographs - Volume 1, Book 1-40' All-Steel Box Cars CNO&TP 40-ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars 272000-272499 CNO&TP 40-Ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box

1 Southern Railway Equipment Drawings and Photographs - Volume 1, Book 1-40' All-Steel Box Cars CNO&TP 40-ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars CNO&TP 40-Ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars Built by Pressed Steel Car Co Card Record F-85 In 1935 Southern Railway System received its first all-steel box cars, CNO&TP series These 500 cars from Pressed Steel Car Company (PSC) were 40-ton, 40 6 inside-length, steel-sheathed, double-door automobile box cars, with an inside height of General Arrangement Drawing SF-1139 shows these cars had construction features of both the 1932 ARA box car design and earlier 1920 box car design. The side to the right of the door opening, with five riveted steel panels, is typical of the 9 1 to 9 4 inside height 1932 ARA box car design as well as the 10 inside height 1937 AAR box car design. Several series of composite (wood and steel) construction, steel underframe (SUF) Automobile cars were in service on the Southern when these all-steel cars joined the roster. Shipping assembled autos was an important business for the railroad with loads originating at Ford and General Motors assembly plants in Atlanta, Norfolk and Louisville. Cars were purchased from Pressed Steel Car Co. in McKees Rocks, PA under two AFEs (Authorization For Expenditure); 6228 in May, 1935 and AFE 6315 in December, The minor price differences were most likely caused by variations in transportation and inspection costs and the cost of specalities used on the cars. Specalities include items such as the brake gear, couplers and truck components purchased from the carbuilder or from third parties. On new car orders, specality items could be ordered by the carbuilder, ordered directly by the Southern for delivery to the carbuilder or shipped from the railroad's new or used inventory. New racks for carrying auto bodies rather than completely assembled cars were installed in cars , 002, 005, 013, 019, 038, 040, 043, 049, 061, 064, 070, 091, 100, 121, 125, 127, 164, 168, 199, 207, 224, 226, 228, 230, 233, 234, 245, 247, 250, 253, 279, 286, 297, 306, 321, 325, 327, 337, 363, 367, 371, 374, 396, 399, 403, 406, 413, 434, 439, 444, 451, 453, 458, 466, 470, 472, 475, 487 and under AFE 8635 in One more car in this group, received racks in 1953 and in had an auto body rack installed. Cars , 035, 102, 212, 222, 254, 261, 366, , 469, 474, 476 and were the last to be adapted for auto body service, in Virtually all of theses auto body racks appear to have been removed from 1956 to 1959 so the cars were not in that service very long. (A typical practice because auto body styles changed constantly as did parts supply and assembly plant requirements.) Many 50' box cars were being equipped for auto parts service in this same time period so the need for these 40' cars would have dropped off considerably. In 1950, AFE 8635 installed tractor decks and chains in cars and Some of the cars began their third decade of service by being equipped with Damage Free (DF) loading equipment.. In 1956 DF hardware was installed in , 233, 306, 314, 334, 337, 352, 382 and Car added DF equipment in In 1959 DF Loaders were applied to: , 001, 184, 198, 216, 222, 239, 245, 259, 260, 280, 311, 366, 370, 384, 432, 494 and In 1960 cars , 066, 213, 251, 319, 361, 363, 364, 377, 401, 440 and received DF Loaders. Southern accounting records describe the cars as: Automobile box, all steel body and underframe, lb. capacity, Lt. Wt lb. 33 C.I. Wheels, Journals 5" x 9", Hutchins Steel Roof, Cast Steel Trucks, Westinghouse Air Brake, Miner Draft Gear, 42' 3" long, 9' 9-5/8" wide, Equipped with Evans Auto Loader for 4 cars, Pressed Steel Car Co. Builders. All were delivered with Evans Type A auto loaders by Pressed Steel Car Co. but most did not operate in that configuration past AFE 8539 removed auto racks from many of the cars still on the CNO&TP roster in at that time. This is one of the CNO&TP series cars built by Pressed Steel Car Co. in 1935 taken after the car was reweighed at Hayne Shops in May of 1953, probably when it was there to have its auto racks removed. We know that remained in service until after Although the car sports the second (1945) version of the SR Monogram, this is the third stencil scheme used on these cars. The first SR freight car drawing showing the monogram (for 1937 AAR design box cars) were not produced until As built, the cars did not have the monogram and AUTOMOBILE was stenciled approximately where THE in the monogram is painted. This car would have had the automobile stencil painted over when the racks were removed. Photographer and location unknown. Neg. T0169, Bob's Photo, Ansonia, CT (Used by permission) Page 22

2 Card Record F-85 (SR File for spec. F-120 and SF File for spec. F-126) is in the SRHA collection, it shows for following drawings for cars built to specs F-120, F-121 and F-126. Cars were built to specification F-120. Drawings for this group of cars include: Card List F-85 CNO&TP Diagram Book Page 30-F-8 9-E-43 Axle Marking 27-F-61 Journal Bearing Packing SF-1131* 12" Figures SF-1139* General Arrangement SF-1140* Brake Arrangement SF-1141 Steel Details SF-1142 Underframe Arrangement SF-1220* Underframe SF-1158* Monogram SF-1159* Monogram SF-1221* Monogram SF-1222* Monogram SF /2" CU FT SF-2298 Draft Gear Arrangement SF-2315* Truck Arrangement. SF-2321* Auto Loader Installation Diagram SF-2322* End Arrangement SF-2323* Dreadnaught Steel End Arrangement SF-2324 Wood Details SF-2384 Method of Obtaining Additional Width Between Front Arms (Evans auto racks) SF-2870* Running Board Morton SF " RPKD SF-3421 Coupler Striking Plate SF-3444* 3 1/2" Figures SF-3460 Door Starter Buffer SF-3463 Stenciling SF-3464 Truck Side Frame SF-3465 Brake beam SF-3466* Hand Brake Detail, Miner SF-3467 Ladders SF-3478 Method of Remodeling Auto Rack Frames SF-3482 Interlox Floor Clips SF-3485 Location & Detail of Floor Pocket Plates SF-3494 Auto Rack Leg Lock SF-3502* Stencil SF-3532* Miner Hand Brake SF-3908 Mod of Crossbearer Cover Plates SF-4006 Axle SF-4021 Brake Pin SF-4041 Brake Shoe SF-4681 Brake Lever Pin SF-4693 Grab Iron, End Sill SF-4696 Grab Iron SF-4876 Brake Lever Connection SF-4890 SF-5075* SF-5076 SF-5090* SF-5095* SF-5096* SF-5097 SF-5102* SF-5209 SF-7099 SF-20000* SF-20106* SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF-40401* SF-40402* SF-40403* SF-40404* SF SF SF-40407* SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF-40447* SF-40448* SF-40450* SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF Flooring 12" SOUTHERN 8" AUTOMOBILE 3 1/2" Road Initials Hutchins Dry Lading Roof Door Arrangement Superstructure, Roof Details of Auto Rack Steel Details Side Sill Reinforcement Stenciling Stenciling Brake Lever Anchor Journal Bearing Wedge Brake Cylinder Push Rod King Pin Brake Lever Journal Bearing 2" BLT Brake Foot-Board Bracket Bolster Brake Cylinder Draft gear Follower Plate Brake Rod Jaw, Center & Top Grab Iron, Roof Brake Lever Guide Coupler Yoke Sill Step Coupler Key 3" CAPY 3" LD LMT 3" LT WT 3" Figures 3" SOUTHERN 2 1/2" EW & etc. 1 1/4" Figures Side bearing, Brace Side bearing, Body Draft Gear Carrier Running Board, Longitudinal Brake Connection Chain& Clevis Running Board Bracket Door Handle 2" Figures 2" SOU RWY 3" NEW Brake Beam Hanger Angle Cock Holder Door Starter Closing Arm Door Starter Closing Lever Door Starter Lever Fulcrum Door Stop Brake Lever Badge Plate Brake Lever Guide SF SF SF SF-40545* SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF SF Truck Side Frame Marking Auto Loader Operating Cable Handle Brake Beam Strut Key Auto Loader Stenciling Push Pole Pocket Uncoupling Lever Bracket Uncoupling Lever Running Board Latitudinal Support Routing and Defect Cardboard Brake Release Rod Guide Plackard Cardboard Brake Release Rod Brake Step Brake Chain Brake Rod Hand brake Grab Iron Brackets End Lining Retainer Flooring, End Boards Coupler Hand Brake Drawing shown with * are included in this series of SR Drawing and Photo books. Drawings marked with # are used with these cars but were not included in the original Card List. Not all drawings are listed. Drawings that do not use the SF (freight car) prefix, such as 9-E-43, predate that drawing designation system. The earliest SF drawing in the SRHA collection is from SF-1 dates from the 1950s but it may be the first time numbers below SF-100 were assigned rather than a reuse of a drawing number. Only a very few examples of two drawings with the same designation have been found: all are thought to be errors. No comprehensive index of Southern Railway drawings is known to exist. The first digit of a drawing number denoted the size of the drawing, all numbers in a sequence may not have been used. For example, when an SF drawing series was filled, the next drawing in that size would simply have another zero added. With that system, SF-1999 would be followed by SF SF By the late 1960s, few carbuilder's drawings were traced or given a Southern title block and drawing number. There are hundreds of freight car drawings in the SRHA collection that do not use the SF prefix. Filing or finding drawings among those microfilm cards can be difficult because the various carbuilders' and parts vendors' drawing numbering systems are completely different and virtually defy logical cataloguing or filing.

3 Southern Railway Equipment Drawings and Photographs - Volume 1, Book 1-40' All-Steel Box Cars CNO&TP 40-ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars CNO&TP 40-ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars , continued The first available record of retirements for the cars shows as being retired destroyed (wrecked) in 1946 with , and retired - destroyed in Cars taken off the books due to wrecks in 1950 and 1951 included and saw , 119, 128, 317 and retired followed by and in 1955, in 1956, and in 1957 and in Cars and were removed from the accounting records in saw the end of cars , 173, 249, (returned to service in 1962), , 339, 341, 402, 413 and in 1960 and , 121, 139 and in A July 25, 1960 Hayne Shop memo authorizes scrapping of all series cars identified as being heavy bad order. The results of that memo can be seen in the 1962 retirements that included; , 022, 031, 037, 049, 051, 053, 068, 105, 107, 131, 187, 203, 217, 225, 240, 244, 262, 289, 308, 313, 335, 341, 397, 403, 415, 433, 438, 473, 479 and Note that official retirement dates, the source of this information, do not coincide with the date a piece of equipment was actually scrapped. The accounting changes could have been recorded when a car was condemned but not yet scrapped or may not have been changed until some time after the car was actually cut up. Because of this accounting time lag, cars coming back from condemned or destroyed status were not uncommon; the accounting entry was simply reversed. For example, if Hayne or Coster shop needed a car for nonrevenue service or to be rebuilt, they would go to their scrap lines and find a suitable candidate. If the records were not kept up to date, scrapped cars still on the books would eventually lead to memos and teletype messages asking Operating and Mechanical Department people if they had seen, or had records of that piece of equipment. Although not common, retired not located entries can be found in the Southern's accounting books. An exact inventory of a railroad's capital accounts was very important. Freight rates and tariffs were regulated by the ICC and were the result of how much a railroad had invested in equipment and physical plant. All data from CNO&TP Form 588 Sub-Schedule for Years is from railroad accounting records in the SRHA Archives. SF-3502 Stenciling August 23, 1938 Cars were delivered prior to the use of the Southern monogram on freight cars. A photo of , with no monogram, is on page 142 the Kalmbach Publishing Co. reprint of the 1940 Car Builder's Cyclopedia. SF-3502 represents the second stencil scheme for 40' all steel double door auto cars Card Record F-85 lists SF-3463 as the original stencil drawing for these cars. SF-3502 introduced the monogram to these 40' all steel cars when it replaced SF-3463 in August of 1938, about two months after the first box car stencil drawing showing the monogram was drawn for the initial order of 1937 AAR design box cars. SF-3463 is one of the few Southern Railway freight car drawings that is not in the SRHA collection in either original linen or microfilm formats. We can speculate that because the original position of the 8 AUTOMO- BILE lettering (SF-5076) was lower and more centered on the car side, the SF-3463 linen was modified and reissued as SF-3502 in The 12" size of the SOUTHERN road name (SF-5075) and road number lettering (SF-1131) used on these cars had been the standard for house car lettering since the turn of the century. The first revision of drawing SF in December, 1957 (two pages over) changed the sizes of SOUTH- ERN to 18" and the road number to 14". Changing the size of letter and number stencils was not simply a case of expanding or reducing existing drawings. Individual drawings were made for each size and the characteristics of the letters and numbers; proportions, widths and other details were quite often changed to reflect the larger or smaller space available. The 12" SOUTHERN road name lettering is shown on SF The 12" numerals are shown on SF The 14" numbers and 18" lettering will be included in Southern Railway Equipment Drawings & Photos, Vol II, 50' Steel Box Cars. Note that the individual, full size, drawings for all letters and the SR monograms were used to produce the stencils (sheet zinc during this period) used by carbuilders and shops. Lettering shown on drawings such as SF were typically done free hand to show where the stencils were to be placed on the cars. In many cases, the lettering is not particularly accurate, or neatly drawn. It was intended to be used only for placement and as a reference to specific lettering drawings. Page 24

That drawing, made in 1938, continued the practice shown in the earliest house car stencil drawings in the SRHA collection; the road name is stenciled to the left of the door opening.

5 Southern Railway Equipment Drawings and Photographs - Volume 1, Book 1-40' All-Steel Box Cars CNO&TP 40-ton 40' 6" Steel Automobile Box Cars SF Stenciling September 16, 1957 SF-3502, on the previous pages, shows the SOUTHERN road name and car number in 12" letters and figures. That drawing, made in 1938, continued the practice shown in the earliest house car stencil drawings in the SRHA collection; the road name is stenciled to the left of the door opening. SF was drawn in September, It shows the road name and number to the right of the double doors and the 5' diameter monogram to the left. This reversed stencil scheme was required because the new lettering changed the width of the SOUTHERN" lettering from 8' to 12', more space than was available on the left side of these double door cars. The first version of SF shows the new, 18", road name size. Revision A made in December, 1957, changed the road number from 12" to 14" and the spacing between the name and number from 12" to 10". (Note both the and memos from A.M. Carey and L. Stanley Crane (reproduced on the next page) mistakenly attribute the flipped stencil scheme to the road number size change. The numerals were not changed until Revision A so we know that was not the primary reason for SF being drawn.) This A.M. Cary to R.H. Hamilton memo dated August 16, 1957 was written immediately before the first versions of SF-20000, for cars and SF for 50-ton 50'-6" box cars were drawn. It explains the reason for the reversed lettering on double door SOUTHERN box cars about as concisely as possible. Photographs of any Southern box car showing the post-monogram - pre block lettering stencil scheme are hard to find. This February, 1959 photo of was taken soon after the car was repainted and reweighed at Hayne that same month. The monogram was removed from the standard stencil scheme in October, 1958 and the block style lettering was introduced in January, No new box cars were delivered during that interval so only repaints or wreck rebuilds got this stencil scheme. Photographer unknown, Fayetteville, NC , Used by permission, Bob's Photo Ansonia, CT Photo FSOU 36 Page 26

Baltimore & Ohio 1926 freight car fleet

Baltimore & Ohio 1926 freight car fleet The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad had an interesting freight car fleet in 1926. The October 1926 Official Railway Equipment Register indicates there were 101,227 B&O