PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK

Transcription

1 ... ~ PLOT'S OPERATNG HANDBOOK PPER CHEROKEE ARCHER 11 FAA APPROVED N NORMAL AND UTLTY CATEGORES B~SED ON CAR 3 AND FAR PART 21, SUBPART J. THS HANDBOOK NCLUDES THE MATERAL REQURED TO BE FURNSHED TO THE PLOT BY CAR 3 AND FAR PART 21, SUBPART J AND,CONSTTUTES THE APPROVED ARPLANE FLGHT MANUAL AND MUST BE CARRED N THE ARPLANE AT ALL TMES ARPLANE SERAL NO ARPLANE REGSTRATON NO PA FAA APPROVED BY: LJ CV\ ck. E VJ ~ WARD EVANS D.O.A. NO. SO-1 PPER Al RC RAFT CORPORATON VERO BEACH, FLORDA DATE OF APPROVAL: JUNE 18, 1976 \ HANDBOOK PART NO

2 -- WARNNG EXTREME CARE MUST BE EXERCSED TO LlMJT THE USE OF THS MANUAL TO APPLCABLE ARCRAFT. THS MANUAL REVSED AS NDCATED BELOW OR SUBSEQUENTLY REVSED S VALD FOR USE WJTH THE ARPLANE DENTFED ON THE FACE OF THE TTLE PAGE WHEN OFFCALLY APPROVED. SUBSEQUENT REVSJONS SUPPLED BY PPER ARCRAFT CORPORA TJON MUST BE PROPERLY NSERTED. MODEL PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER ll PLOT'S OPERATNG HANDBOOK, REPORT : VB-790 REVSON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON /J,; / _,.h/ / /4.. J' APPROVAL SGNATURE AND STAMP~~~ Werner K. Hartlieb --a#...,,g, -:-----, j -g Pu blisl1cd by PUB~C'ATONS DEPARTMENT Piper Aircraft Corporation lssued : June 18, 1976 ii

3 , r---- PLOrs OPERATNG H Rev~- ANDBOOK LOG OF REVSONS (cont) tnber and Revised r---..q ode Nu n ~~~i----~~ ~-=~---- Pages R =---- Description of Revision FAA Approval ev (PR77071~: ~-3 ~~-- r Added ~~::~== new ll :-- -: ~ ~S~ign~atu:re~a:n~d Date j 1-11, 1-12 Re. d prope er to l. 5 and added footnote 1-13, -14 ' vise section 1.21, Conversion Factors O S' Af: ddted new propeller to 2. 7' item G) and added oo note. Revised Starr w th R. d. mg 1 External Power Source ev1se item 4.13 (d) Starting Engine With. External Power Source Added CAUTON.. Revised page nos. d. added figures., rev1se tit 1 es; added pages; Added ser. nos. Relocat~d Fig to page 5-2 1; added new chart (Fig. 5-18). Relocate~ Fig to page 5-23; added relocated Fig ; added ser. nos. Relocated Fig to page 5-25 added new chart (Fig. 5-20). ' Relocated Fig to page S-27; added relocated Fig. S-21; added ser. nos.. _ Relocated Fig. S-27 to page S-29; added new chart (Fig. S-22).. Relocated Fig. S-29 to page 5-30 ; added relocated Fig ; added ser. nos. Relocated Fig to page 5-31; added new chart (Fig. 5-24). Relocated Fig to page 5-32; ad~ed relocated Fig. 5-25; added ser. nos. Relocated Fig to page 5-33; added new chart (Fig. 5-26). Added page (added relocated Fig. 5-27). Added page.(added relocated Fig. 5-29). Added page (added relocated Fig ). Added page (added relocated Fig. 5-33). Added page (added relocated Fig. 5-35). Added page (int. blank). Added item 3. Added items 76 and 77. Added item 223; renumbered items; relocated item. Added relocated items; renumbered items ; added new items ; relocated items ; removed footnotes ; added footnote. Added relocated items ; renumbered items ; added new items ; relocated items; added footnote iv-a

4 PLOT'S OPERATNG HANDBOOK LOG OF REVSONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Rev (PR770712) (cont) Revised Pages a 6-48b Description of Revision Added relocated items ; renumbered items ; added new items ; revised item 277 ; relocated items ; added footnotes. Added page (added relocated items and new item). Added page. Renumbered items; revised items 325 and 329. Renumbered items ; revised item 349. Added new propeller model to para Revised alternate static source description in para FAA Approval Signature and Date Ward Evans July 12, 1977 Rev (PR780703) i 8-1 S Revised note. Revised propeller tolerance RPM. Added additional Takeoff Check List. Added Primer informatipn to " Engine Power Loss During Takeoff" check list. Added Primer information to "Engine Power Loss During Takeoff." Added Primer information to "Before Takeoff" check list. Deleted "pressing in" of magneto switch as necessary. Added Primer checked information to paragraph. Changed item S from Cruise Fuel to Cruise Fuel Consumption. Added note to graph. 1 Added note to graph. Added note to graph. Added note to graph. Changed paragraph. Changed item 93. Added Collins VHF-250 to item 169, added Collins VR-350 to item 171. Relocated item 187, 189 and 191 ; added items to 189 and 191. Relocated item 187, 189 and 191, added items 194 and 195, changed item 195 to 196. Relocated items 20 l, 203 and 205, revised item 211. Added vendor information to item 349. Added "Caution" to Removed ELT information from Added 8.29 Cold Weather Operation to table of contents. Added 8.29 Cold Weather Operation. Ward Evans July 3, 1978 iv-b

5 N llevision umber and Code l'lot's OPERA UNG HANDBOOK LOG OF REVSONS ( oat) Revised Pages Description of Revision llev. 6-76r-11--:6~2::-4-t t------i (P}l 790..,... ~~ 8 ) 1-12, Revised para Revised para Revised para Rev (PR7904t3) Rev ( PR80052J) 6-33 Renumbered existing items 75, 76, 77 to 74, 75, ; added new items 77 and Revised item Added item Revised para Revised para Revised para a 7-24, 7-25 ll i i Reviseditem 279. Added item 280. Revised para Revised applicability. Revised para Revised para Revised para Revised para Revised para Added para. 3,28-. Added Carburetor cing. Added para added para Renumbered pa_ra.,. ved info. to pg Added descent info.. mo -5 Relocated info. from pg. 4. Added para Conti. para. _4.28. Added warning. Revised para. 5 5 Revise. d f1'g Revised fig Revised fig Revise. d fi'g Revise. d fi'g Revise. d fi'g Revise. d f'ig Revised fig. 5-! \ Revised par_a... Added caution.. -. d Fig Rev~se.. 11: added item.. d 131 to Revised item. ovcd items 129 an. Added item 122. m pg. 6-} ~ FAA Approval Signature and Date (J~~ Ward Evans Feb. 28, 1979 LW~ Ward Evans April 13, 1979 ORT: VB-790 REP i\' C

6 r Revision Number and Code Rev (PR800523) ( cont) Revised Page~ O T Description of Revi\ion Relocated items 129 and 131 from pg Relocated items 169 thru 177 from pg. 6-41: Rcvi scd items 7J and 175. Moved items 169 thru 177 to pg. 6-40; added item 80; relocated item 183 from pg Moved item 83 to pg Revised para Revised para Revised para Added para. U). - F.0A Approval Signature and Date - tj~s ~ Ward Evans May 23, 1980 Rev (PR840330) V J i i 4-3, la. 8-1 lb i Revised Table of Contents Revised para.. 7 Revised para Revised para. 2. Revised para Revised Table of Contents Revised para. J Revised Table of Contents Revised para. 4.5 Added Note Added Note Revised para Move para from 4-14 Revised para. 6.1 Revised para. 6.3 Revised para. 6.5 Revised Fig. 6-5 Revised Fig. 6-7 Revised para. 6.9 Added Caution Revised para. 7J Revised para.!u Revised para. 8.5 Revised para Added new page Revi,ed Sec. 3(a) Revised Table of Contents Changed Sec. Title lj...j.t~ Ward Evans March iv-d

7 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 1 SECTON 2 SECTON 3 SECTON 4 SECTON 5 SECTON 6 SECTON 7 SECTON 8 SECTON 9 SECTON 10 GENERAL LMTATONS EMERGENCY PROCEDURES NORMAL PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE WEGHT AND BALANCE DESCRPTON AND OPERATON OF THE ARPLANE AND TS SYSTEMS ARPLANE HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE SUPPLEMENTS OPERATNG TPS V

8 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON p~ph No.. l L.3 LS 1.7 l.9 J. l ] 1.13 l.js.] 7 J. J 9 1..~J GENERAL "troduction r:- cnsme,.... : PmpeJlei,; : : : FueJ Oil Maximum We;" 1 lts B Standard Ai1pl:me 161 Weights ~~"age SJlace Specific loadings Sy mbols. Abbreviations :md Tem1inology Conversion Factors Page No i

9 PPERARc PA-28-st CRAfTH CORPORATON ' EROKEE ARCHER SECTON 1 GENERAL SECTON 1 GENERAL t.1 N'rRooucnoN Pilot.~~ ~ilot's Operating Handbook is designed for maximum utilization as an operating guide for the t also c: ~des the material required to be furnished to the pilot by C.A.R. 3 and FAR Part 21, Subpart J. n ams supplemental data supplied by the airplane manufacturer. This handbo O k knowledge f is_ not designed as a substitute for adequate and competent flight mstructio~, not intend ~ current a~orthiness directives, applicable federal air regulations or advisory circulars. t 1s operationat to be a guide for basic flight instruction or a training manual and should not be used for purposes unless kept in a current status. comm ~ t'.111ce th at _the airplane is in an airworthy condition is the responsibility of the owner. The pilot in remaining is ~~~onsible for de_termining that the airplane is safe for flight. The pilot is also responsible f~r handbook. W m th e operating limitations as outlined by instrument markings, placards, and thls not b~~o~gh th e arrangement of this handbook is intended to increase its in-flight capabilities, it should familiari se hi solely ~s an occasional operating reference. The pilot should study the entire handbook to the airp/ e bmself With the limitations, performance, procedures and operational handling characteristics of ane efore flight. divid~h~ hand?ook has been divided into numbered (arabic) sections, each provided with a "finger-tip" tab normal or qwck reference. The limitations and emergency procedures have been placed ahead of the require/~oc~ure s, perfonnance and other sections to provide easier access to infonnation that may be 111 present. ght. The "Emergency Procedures" Section has been furnished with a red tab divider to the deli~~r: st ant_re_ference to t~e section. Provisions for expansion of the handbook have been made by being ft bite 0 1!11 1 ssi~n of certam paragraph numbers, figure numbers, item numbers and pages noted as e ank intentionally. -.,, -~ '\ SSUED: JUNE 18,

10 s.ecfon 1 GENERAL - 12' 1D.41" - PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER J Wing Area (sq. ft.) Min. Turning Radius (ft.) 30.0 (from pivot point to wingtip) 5' 3.00" 35' 0.00" i L----r - THREE VEW Figure SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

11 PPERARc PA C~F' CORPORATON ' ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 1 GENERAL 1.3 ENGNEs ~~ \ (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) ~~n:iber of Engines E ~e Manufacturer R ngme Model Number ated Horsepower Rated Speed (rpm) Bore (inches) S~oke (inches) Dtsplacement (cubic inches) Compression Ratio Engine Type Lycoming A4A or A4M : 1 Four Cylinder, Direct Drive, Horizontally Opposed, Air Cooled LS PROPELLERS (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Number of Propellers Propeller Manufacturer Model Number of Blades Propeller Diameter (inches) (l) Maximum (2) Minimum Propeller Type Sensenich 76EM8S5-0-60* or 76EM8S ** Fixed Pitch 1.7 FUEL AVGAS ONLY (a) (h) (c) 1.9 OL (a) (b) (c) Fuel Capacity (U.S. gal) (total) Usable Fuel (U.S. gal) (total) Fuel Grade. Aviation ( ) Minimum Octane (2) Specified Octane (3) Alternate Fuel Oil Capacity (U.S. quarts) Oil Specification Viscosity per Average Ambient Temp. for Starting Oil ( 1) Above 60 F (l) J0 F to 90 F (J) 0 F to 70 F (4) Below 10 F SNGLE S.A.E. 50 S.A.E.40 S.A.E. 30 S.A.E Green r 1oo i 130 Green Refer to latest issue of Lycoming nstruction No Refer to latest issue of Lycoming Service nstruction O 14. MULT S.A.E. 40 or 50 S.A.E.40 S.A.E. 40 or 20W-30 S.A.E. 20W-30. j l "' through Sertal nos and up. Serial nos.. JUNE 18, sst1EDED.. MARCH 30, 1984 REVS '--

12 .~ ~ 1 -- _,{::-- J SECTON 1 GENERAL PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 1.1 MAXMUM WEGHTS (a) Maximum Takeoff Weight (lbs) (b) Maximum Landing Weight (lbs) (c) Maximum Weights in Baggage Compartment 1.13 STANDARD ARPLANE WEGHTS (a) Standard Empty Weight (lbs) : Weight of a standard airplane including unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full oil. (b) Maximum Useful Load (lbs) : The difference between the Maximum Takeoff Weight and the Standard Empty Weight. NORMAL UTLTY S BAGGAGE SPACE (a) Compartment Volume (cubic feet) (b) Entiy Width (inches) (c) Entiy Height (inches) SPF.clFC LOADNGS (a) Wing Loading (lbs per sq ft) (b) Power Loading (lbs per hp) These values are approximat e and may vaiy from one aircraft to anoth er. Refer to Figure 6-5 for the Standard Empty Weight value :ind Useful Load value to be used for C.G. calculations for the aircraft specified. REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23, 1980

13 PPER AR PA-28 1 CRAFT CORPORATON. 81 CHEROKEE ARCHER SECilON 1 GENERAL l. 9 SYMBOLS, ABBREVATONS AND TERMNOWGY The follow - handbook and h mg de~fa1tions are of symbols, abbreviations and terminology t ose which may be of added operational significance to the pilot. (a) General Airspeed Terminology and Symbols CAS KCAS GS AS KlAS M TAS used throughout Calibrated Airspeed means the indicated speed of an aircraft, corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level. Calibrated Airspeed expressed in " Knots." Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the ground. ndicated Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft as shown on the airspeed indicator when corrected for instrument error. AS values published in this handbook assume zero instrument error. ndicated Airspeed expressed in "Knots." Mach Number is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound. True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane relative to undisturbed air which is the CAS corrected for altitude, temperature and compressability. Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which application of full available aerodynamic control will not overstress the airplane. Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. Never Exceed Speed or Mach Number is the speed limit that may not be exceeded at any time. Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air and then only with caution. Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable. the Yso Vx Vy Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable in the landing configuration. Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance. Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possib 1 e time. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REPoRT: VB

14 ( SECTON 1 GENERAL PPER ARCRAFr CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER ll (b) Meteorological Terminology SA nternational Standard Atmo,.,pherc.: in which : The air is a dry perfect )!a..: The h.:mpc.:rnturc.: at,.,c.:a kvc.:l 1,., 15 Cc.:lsiu,., (59 J ihr.. en 111:11) : The pressure at sea le~cl 1s inche s hg. ( OJ J. 2 m b): The temperature.: gr _ad1ent from -.ea level to the altitude at which the temperature 1s C (-69.7 Fl i,., C ( F) per foot and 7ero above that altitude. OAT lndica ted Pressure Altitude Pressure Altitude Station Pressure Wind Ou~de A~ Tempera_tur: is the free air static temperature, obtamed either from mf11ght temperature indications or ground meteorological sources, adjusted for instrument error and compressibility effects. The number actually read from an altimeter when the barometric subscale has heen set to inches of mercury (O J.2 millib a rs). Altitude measured from standard sea-level pressure (29.92 in. Hg) by a pressure or barometric altimeter. t is the indicated pressure altitude corrected for position and instrument error. n this handbook, altimeter instrument errors are assumed to be zero. Actual atmospheric pressure at field elevation. The wind velocities recorded a5 variables on the charts of this handbook are to be understood as the headwind or tailwind components of the reported winds. REPORT : YB-790 )-6 SSUED : JUNE 18, 197: REVSED: MARCH JO, 198

15 JO:JU/ ">fu!l/1 /4ew no/4 se JMO a70s a41 a1e nol{ J SECTON J GENERAL (b) Meteorological Terminology PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER D /1 SA nternati onal St andard Atmosphe re in which : The air is a dr y perfect gas : The temperature ;11 sea kvel is 15 Celsiu~ (59 Fahrenhe it); The pressure at sea level is inches hg. ( mb): The temperature gradient from sea level to the altitude at which the temperature is C' ( F) is c ( F) per foot and 7ero above that altitude. OAT Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature, obtained either from inflight temperature indications or ground meteorological sources, adjusted for instrument error and compressibility effects. ndicated Pressure Altitude Pressure Altitude Station Pressure Wind The numb er actually read from an alt imeter when the barometric subscale has been set to inches of mercur y ( millib ars). Altitude measured from standard sea-level pressure (29.92 in. Hg) by a pressure or barometric altimeter. t is the indicated pressure altitude corrected for position and instrument error. n this handbook, altimeter instrument errors are assumed to be zero. Actual atmospheric pressure at field elevation. The wind velocities recorded as variables on th e charts of this handbook are to be understood as the headwind or tailwind components of the reported winds. 1-6 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 RF.VSED: MARCH 30, 1984

16 PPER AR PA-28-J CR.AfT CORPORATON Bl, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 1 GENERAL (q Power Terminology ii; Takeoff Power Maximum Continuous Power Maximum Climb Power Maximum Cruise Power Maximum power permissible for takeoff. Maximum power permissible continuously during flight. Maximum power permissible during climb. Maximum power permissible during cruise. (d) Engine nstruments EGTGauge Exhaust Gas Temperature Gauge (e) Airplane Performance and Flight Planning Terminology Climb Gradient The demonstrated ratio of the change in height during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance traversed in the same time interval. Demonstrated Velocity Crosswind The demonstrated crosswind velocity is the velocity of the crosswind component for which adequate control of the airplane during takeoff and landing was actually demonstrated during certification tests. Accelerate-Stop Route Segment Distance The distance required to accelerate an airplane to a specified speed and, assuming failure of an engine at the instant that speed is attained, to bring the airplane to a stop. A part of a route. Each end of that part is identified by : (.) a geographical location; or (2) a point at which a definite radio fix can be established.,sstfej:.h NE JS, 1976 RfVJSfO : MARCH.,o REPORT : VB

17 SECTON 1 GENERAL PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (f) Weight and Balance Terminology Reference Datum Station Arm Moment Center of Gravity (C.G.) CG. Arm C.G. Limits Usable Fuel Unusable Fuel Standard Empty Weight Basic Empty Weight Payload Useful Load Maximum Ramp Weight Maximum Takeoff Weight Maximum Landing Weight Maximum Zero Fu el Weight An imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are measured for balance purposes. A location along the airplane fuselage usually given in terms of distance from the referen ce datum. The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the center of gravity (C.G.) of an item. The product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm. (Moment divided by a constant is used to simplify balance calculations by reducing the number of digits.) The point at which an airplane would balance if suspended. ts distance from the referen ce datum is found by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane. The arm obtained by adding the airplane 's individual moments and dividing the sum by the total weight. The extreme center of gravity locations within which the airplane must be operated at a given weight. Fuel available for flight planning. Fuel remaining after a runout test has been completed in accordance with governmental regulations. Weight of a standard airplane including unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full oil. Standard empty weight plus optional equipment. Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage. Difference between takeoff weight, or ramp weight if applicable, and basic empty weight. Maximum weight approved for ground maneuver. (t includes weight of start, taxi and run up fuel.) Maximum weight approved for the start of the takeoff run. Maximum weight approved for the landing touchdown. Maximum weight exclusive of usable fuel. 1-8 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976

18 PPER PA-28-1 AR CRAFr CORPORATON 81 ' CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 1 GENERAL - < 1.21 BY TO OBTAN acres ha sq. ft sq. mi. atmospheres (atm) 76 cm Hg in. Hg l.0133 bar kg/cm lb./sq. in lb./sq. ft. bars (bar) atm lb.fsq. in. British Thermal Unit kg-cal (BTU) centimeters (cm) in ft. centimeters of mercury at 0 c (cm Hg) centim eters per second (cm/sec.) cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) cubic feet (cu.ft.) atm in. Hg lb./sq. in lb./sq. ft kg/m ft./sec. ft./min. mph n. oz c-u. in X cu. ft. U.S. gal X cm 3 ml cu. in. cu. yd. U.S. gal. l M_PLTPg cubic inches (cu. in.) cubic meters (m 3 ) cubic meters per minute (m 3 /min.) cubic yards (cu. yd.) degrees (arc) degrees per second (deg./sec.) drams, fluid (dr. fl.) drams, avdp. (dr. avdp.) feet (ft.) feet per minute (ft./min.) BY TOOBAN cm X 10 ml x 10""' cu. ft fl. oz X 10" 3 U.S. gal. U.S. qt cu. in. cu. yd. cu. ft. U.S. gal. cu. ft./min- cu. ft. ml U.S. gal. radians radians/ sec. fl. oz. oz. avdp cm m 12 in yd rod l.894 X 10 4 mi. l.645 X 10""' NM mph km/hr. cm/sec. m/sec. \ l cubic feet per minute (cu. ft./min.) l /sec. m 3 /min. REpORT : VB sstJED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 12, 1977

19 secfon 1 GENERAL - feet per second (ft/sec.) r foot-pounds (ft.-lb.) foot-pounds per minute (ft.-lb./min.) foot-pounds per second (ft.-lb./sec.) gallons, mperial (mperial gal.) gallons, U.S. dry (U.S. gal. dry) gallons, U.S. liquid (U.S. gal.) gallons per acre (gal./acre) grams (g) fil' TO OBTAN mph km/hr. cm/sec. kts m-kg X 10-4 kg-cal X 10' 5 hp }.818 X 10' 5 hp cu. in U.S. gal J.556 X X 10 " X 10 ' cu. in. cu. ft. U.S. gal. l cu. in. cu. ft. cu. yd. cm 3 m3 l mperial gal. fl. oz. 1/ha kg oz. avdp X 10 3 lb. grams per centimeter 0.1 kg/m (g/cm) x 10 2 lb./ft X l 0 3 lb.fin. grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm 3 ) kg/m 3 lb./cu. in. lb./cu. ft. MULTPLY hectares (ha) horsepower (hp) horsepower, metric inches (in.) inches of mercury at 0 C (in. Hg) inch-pounds (in.-lb.) kilograms (kg) kilogram-calories (kg-cal) PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER ll kilograms per cubic meter(kg/m 3 ) kilograms per hectare (kg/ha) kilograms per square centimeter (kg/cm 7 ) TO OBTAN acres sq. ft. m2 ft.-lb./min. ft.-lb./sec. m-kg/sec. metric hp m-kg/sec. hp mm cm m ft. yd. abn lb./sq. in. lb./sq. ft. kg/m 2 cm Hg mm Hg m-kg lb. oz. avdp. g BTU ft.-lb. m-kg lb./cu. ft. g/cm 3 lb./acre atm in. Hg lb./sq. in. lb./sq. ft SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: FEBRUARY 28, 1979

20 PPER AR PA-28-B CRAFf CORPORATON ' CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON GENERAL ~ BY TO OBTAN MULTPLY BY TO OBTAN k.il ograms Per square X 10 3 in. Hg meter (kg/m 2) l.422 X lq" 3 lb./sq. in lb./sq. ft. kilometers (km) kilometers per hour (km/hr.) X 10 5 cm ft mi NM ft./scc. S8.68 ft./min. O.S3996 kt mph m/scc m/min. knots (kt) nautical mph ft./st!c statute mph 1.8S2 km/hr m/sec. liters (l) 1000 cm cu. in cu. ft fl. oz U.S. gal mperial gal qt. liters per hectare fl. oz./acre (/ha) gal./acre liters per second 2.12 cu. ft./min. (/sec.) mete rs (m) in ft. J.0936 yd. meter-kilogram (rn-kg) rod x JO mi x O NM ft. -lb. in.-lb. meters per minute (m/min.) meters per second (m/sec.) microns miles statute (mi.) miles per hour (mph) miles per hour square (m/hr. sq.) millibars millimeters (mm) millimeters of mercury at 0 C (mm Hg) nautical miles (NM) ounces, avdp. (oz. avdp.) ounces, fluid (fl. oz.) 0.06 km/hr ft./scc S04 ft./min mph 3.6 km/hr X 10 5 in. S280 ft. l.6093 km m NM cm/st!c X 10" 1 m/sec ft./st!c. 88 ft./min km/hr kt ft./sec. sq. 2.9S3 X 10 2 in. Hg in in. Hg 6080 ft. 1.1S16 statute mi m l.852 km g 16 dr. avdp. 8 dr. n cm cu. in l U.S. gal. JSSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: FEBRUARY

21 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER D - ~ ounces, fluid per acre (fl. oz./ acre) pounds (lb.) pounds per acre (lb./acre) pounds per cubic foot (lb.f cu. ft.) pounds per cubic inch (lb.f cu. in.) pounds per square foot (lb./sq. ft.) pounds per square inch (psi or lb./sq. in,) quart, U.S. (qt.) radians radians per second (radians/sec.) revolutions (rev.) revolutions per minute (rpm or rcv./min.) revolutions per second (rev./scc.) BY X 10" X 10" ~ /ha kg g slug kg/ha kg/m 3 lb./cu. ft. g/cm 3 in. Hg kg/m 2 atm cm Hg in. Hg atm bar kg/m 2 cu. in. deg. (arc) rev. deg,/sec. rev./sec. rpm radians radians/sec. radians/ sec. _MULTPLY rod slug square centimeters (cm 2 ) square feet (sq. ft.) square inches (sq. in.) square kilometers (km 2 ) BY 16.S X X square meters (m 2 ) 1 O TO OBTAN ft. yd. m lb. sq. in. sq. ft. cm 2 m2 sq. in. sq. yd. acres cm 2 sq. ft. sq. mi. sq. ft. sq. yd. ha 2 square miles (sq. mi.) km 640 acres square rods (sq. rods) square yards (sq. yd.) yards (yd.) sq. yd. m2 sq. ft. sq. rods m ft. in. rod 1-14 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 12, 1977

22 \ \ Paragraph No TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 2 LMTATONS General Airspeed Limitations ' Airspeed ndi cator Markings Power Plant Limitation s.... ' Power Plant nstrument Markings Weight Limits Center of Gravity Limits Maneuver Limits Flight Lo ad Factors.... '.. ' Typ es of Operat ions '. ' Fu el Limit ations Placard s Page No RE.PORT: VB i

23 PJPE{ J\ ll{c PA -~ RAFT CORPORATON CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 2 LMTATONS SECTON 2 LMTATONS 2 - GENERAL and Th_hi_, section pro\' id es the "'FA/\ /\ppro\'cd.. opera ting limitat ions. inst rum ent markings. color coding a,1c plac 1rd.. f d ' ' ncccs~ary or the operation of the a irplan e an 1t~ sys tems. 0 T_his airplane mu st be opera ted as a normal or utility category airplane in compliance with the Pera tm g Jim t 1 a t ions sta ted m the form of placards and markmgs and thos e given m t hi s sec t 10n an d th 1s ' complete handbook. L '... lffittations associated with thos e optional systems and equipment which require handbook supp lements can be found in Section 9 (Supplements). 2.3 ARSPEED LMTATONS SPEED Never Exceed Speed (VNE) - Do not exceed thi s speed in any operation. Maximum Structural Cruising Speed (VNo) Do not excee d thi s speed excep t in smooth air and then only with caution. Design Maneuv ering Speed (VA) Do not make full or abrupt control mov ements above this speed. At 2550 LBS. G.W. At 1634 LBS. G.W. KAS KCAS CAUTON Man euvering speed decreases at lighter weight as the effects of aero dynamic forces become mor e pronounced. Linear int erpo lat ion may be used for intermediat e gross weights. Manu eve rin g speed shou ld not be exceeded while operating in rough air. Maximum Flaps Ex ten ded Speed (V FE) - Do not exceed this speed with the flap s ex tended SS[ F,0: JllNF. 18, 1976 RF.VSED: MARCH JO

24 SECTON 2 LMTATONS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 2.5 ARSPEED NDCATOR MARKNGS MARKNG Red Radial Line {Never Exceed) Yellow Arc {Caution Range - Smooth Air Only) Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) White Arc (Flap Down) AS (l54kts) (125 KTS to 154 KTS) (55 KTS to 125 KTS) ( 49 KTS to 102 KTS) 2. 7 POWER PLANT LJMTA TO NS (a) Number of Engines (b) Engine Manufacturer (c) Engine Model No. (d) Engine Operating Limits ( 1) Maximum Horsepower (2) Maximum Rotation Speed (RPM) (3) Maximum Oil Temperature (e) Oil Pressure Minimum (red Jine) Maximum (red line) (t) Fuel Pressure Minimum (red line) Maximum (red Jine) (g) Fuel Grade (A VGAS ONLY) (minimum octane) (h) Number of Propellers (i) PropeJler Manufacturer (j) Propeller Model (k) () PropeJJer Diameter Minimum Maximum Propeller Tolerance (static RPM at maximum permissible throttle setting) No additional tolerance permitted. 1 Lycoming 0360-A4A or A4M with carburetor setting F 25 PSl 90 PS.5 PS 8 PS 100/ Green 1 Sensenich 76EM8S * or 76EM8S ** 76 1N. 76 N. Not above 2425 RPM* Not below 2325 RPM* Not above 2375 RPM** Not below 2275 RPM**., ;se~al nos through Sena/ nos and up. RF.PORT : VB SSl led :.JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH JO, 198~

25 REPoRT : YB-790 ~ - PPER ARCRAFJ, CORPORATON PA-2S-ts1, CffEROKEEARCHER 2.9 POWER PLANT NSTRUMENT MARKNGS (a) Tachometer Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) (b) Red Line (Maximum Continuous Power) Oil Temperature Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) (c) Red Line (Maximum) Oil Pressure (d) Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) Yellow Arc (Caution Range) (dle) Red Line (Minimum) Red Line (Maximum) Fuel Pressure Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) Red Line (Minimum) Red Line (Maximum) 2.1 J WEGHT LMTS SECTON 2 LMTATONS 500 to 2700 RPM 2700 RPM 75 to 245 F 245 F 60 PS to 90 PS 25 PS to 60 PS 25 PS 90PS.5 PS to 8 PS.5 PS 8 PS (a) (b) Maximum Weight Maximum Baggage NOTE NORMAL 2550 LBS 200 LBS UTLTY 2130 LBS f OLBS Refer to Section 5 (Performance) for maximum weight as limited by performance. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MA Y2J, 1980

26 -...: ( SF.CTON 2 LMTATONS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER D 3 CENTER OF GRAVTY LMTS 2.1 (a) Normal Category Forward Limit Rearward Limit Weight nches Aft of Datum nches Aft of Datum Pounds (and less) (b) Utility Category,, Weight Forward Limit Rearward Limit Pounds nches Aft of Datum nches Aft of Datum 2050 (and Jess) NOTES Straight line variation between points given. The datum used is 78.4 inches ahead of the wing leading edge at the inboard intersection of the straight and tapered section. t is the responsibility of the airplane owner and the pilot to insure that the airplane is properly loaded. See Section 6 (Weight and Balance) for proper loading instmctions MANEUVER LMTS (a) Normal Category - All acrobatic maneuvers including spins prohibited. (b) Ut~lity Category - Approved maneuvers for bank angles exceeding 60. Steep Turns Lazy Eights Chandelles Entry Speed 113 KAS 113 KAS 113 KAS z.1 7 FLGHT LOAD FACTORS (a) Positive Load Factor (Maximum) (b) Negative Load Factor (Maximum) 2-4 NORMAL UTLTY 3.8G 4.4G No inverted maneuvers approved SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY23, 1980

27 PPEJlAJRc PA-28-18! ~CORPORATON ''-.u.crokee ARCHER SECTON 2 LMTATONS 2.19 TYPES OF OPERATON FAR The l3s. airplan e.... S approved for the following operations when eqmpped m accordance with FAR 91 or (a) Day V.F R (b) N. c) ight V.F.R. ( Day.F.R. (d) Night.F.R. (e) Non cing 2.21 FUEL LMTATONS (a) (b) (c) Total Capacity Unusable Fuel The unusable fuel for this airplane has been determined as 1.0 gallon in each wing in critical flight attitudes. Usable Fuel The usable fuel in this airplane has been determined as 24.0 gallons in each wing. sou.s.. GAL 2U.S.GA L 48 U.S. GAL SSU ED: JUNE 18, 1976 REPORT : VB

28 PPER. AlRc PA-28-tst CU.FrllE CORPORATON _ ' ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 2 LMTATONS 2.23 PLACARDS n full view of the pilot : "THS ARPLANE MUST BE OPERATED AS A NORMAL OR UTLTY CATEGORY ARPLANE N COMPLANCE WTH THE OPERATNG LMTATONS STATED N THE FORM OF PLACARDS, MARKNGS AND MANUALS. ALL MARKNGS AND PLACARDS ON THS ARPLANE APPLY TO TS OPERATON AS A UTLTY CATEGORY ARPLANE. FOR NORMAL AND UTLTY CATEGORY OPERATON, REFER TO THE PLOT'S OPERATNG HANDBOOK. NO ACROBATC MANEUVERS ARE APPROVED FOR NORMAL CATEGORY OPERATONS. SPNS ARE PROHBTED FOR NORMAL AND UTLTY CATEGORY." n full view of the pilot, one of the following takeoff checklists and the following landing check list will be installed : TAKEOFF CHECK LST Fuel on proper tank Electric fuel pump on Engine gauges checked Flaps - set Carb heat off Mixture set Seat backs erect Fasten belts/harness Trim tab - set Controls - free Door - latched Air Conditioner - off TAKEOFF CHECK LST :J Fu el on proper tank Electric fuel pump on Engine gauges checked Flaps - set Carb heat off Mixture set Primer locked Seat backs erect Fasten belts/harness Trim tab - set Controls - free Door - latched Air conditioner - off LANDNG CHECK LST Fuel on proper tank Mixture rich Electric fuel pump on Seat back erect Flaps - set ( 102 KAS max.) Fasten belts/harness Air Condit ioner - off The "AR COND OFF:" item in the above. takeoff and landing check lists is mandatory for air conditioned aircraft only. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 3,

29 SECTON 2 LMTATONS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER. f th ilot in the area of the air conditioner control panel when the air conditioner is n full view o e P, installed: Adjacent to upper door latch : "WARNNG - AR CONDTONER MUST BE OFF TO NSURE NORMAL TAKEOFF CLMB PERFORMANCE. " On inside of the baggage compartment door : n full view of the pilot : "ENGAGE LATCH BEFORE FLGHT." "BAGGAGE MAXMUM 200 LBS" "UTLTY CATEGORY OPERATON - NO BAGGAGE OR AFT PASSENGERS ALLOWED. NORMAL CATEGORY OPERATON - SEE PLOT'S OPERA TNG HANDBOOK WEGHT AND BALANCE SECTON FOR BAGGAGE AND AFT PASSENGER LMTATONS." "MANEUVERNG SPEED 113 KAS AT 2550 LBS. (SEE P.O.H.)" "UTLTY CATEGORY OPERATON - NO AFT PASSENGERS ALLOWED." "DEMONSTRATED CROSS WND COMPONENT - 17 KTS." On the instrument panel in full view of the pilot when the oil cooler winterization kit is installed : n full view of the pilot: "OL COOLER WNTERZATON PLATE TO BE REMOVED WHEN AMBENT TEMPERATURE EXCEEDS 50 F." " UTLTY CATEGORY OPERATON ONLY." (1) NO AFT PASSENGERS ALLOWED. (2) ACROBATC MANEUVERS ARE LMTED TO THE FOLLOWNG : SPNS PROHBTED STEEP TURNS LAZY EGJTS CHAN DELLES On the instrument panel in full view of the pilot : ENTRY SPEED 113 KAS 113 KlAS 113 KAS "WARNNG - TURN OFF STROBE LGHTS WHEN TAXNG N VCNTY OF OTHER ARCRAFT OR DURNG FLGHT THROUGH CLOUD, FOG OR HAZE." ' 2-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

30 ~ TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Paragraph No 'J.7.l Jl General Emergen~~, p~~~~d~~;~ Ch~~k 1 i~; :1 Engine Fire Durin Start 3 1; Engine Power 1.0} D~rin.; T., E. g akeoff p~~;; 6~~~;n~f~s' n Flight :3 FirelnFliht g Loss Of ot p;~s~~.~~ : 3 : Loss Of Fuel Pressure High Oil Temperature Alternator Failure Spin Recovery Open Door Carburetor cing Engine Roughness Amplified Fmergency Procedures (General) Engine Fire During Start Engine Power Loss During Takeoff Engine Power Loss n Flight Power Off Landing Fire n Flight os., Of Oil Pressure o~s Of Fuel Pressure High Oil Temperature Alternator Failure Spin Recoven Open ()oor Carbur etor ki ;: 1 1 f nginc Roughn c.,s Page No.. 3-i

31 ;yer ARCRAFT CORPORATON -2S-lSl, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.1 GENERAL!he recommended procedures for coping with various types of emergencies and critical situations are p;ovided b_y this section. All of required (FAA regulations) emergency procedures and those necessary for t e operation of the airplane as det ermined by the operating and design features of the airplane are presented.. Emergency procedures associated with those optional systems and equipment which require handbook supplements are provided in Section 9 (Supplements).. The first portion of this section consists of an abbreviated emergency check list which supplies an action sequence for critical situations with little emphasis on the operation of systems.. The remainder of the section is devoted to amplified emergency procedures containing additional information to provide the pilot with a more complete understanding of the procedures. ' 11 ~ These procedures arc suggested as the best course of action for coping with the particular condition described. but are not a substitute for sound judgment and common sense. Pilots should familiarize themselves with the procedures given in this section and be prepared to take appropriate action should an emergency ari~e. Most basic emergency procedures. such a~ power off landinp. are a normal part of pilot training. Although these emergencies arc discussed here. this information is not intended to replace such training. but only to provide a source of reference and review. and to provide information on procedures which are not the same for all aircraft. t is suggested that the pilot review standard emergency procedures periodi cally to remain proficient in them. i i ' 1ssli D: JUNE REVSED: MARCH 30,

32 PPER A PA-28- RCRAFf CORPRATON SJ' CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CHECK LST ENGNE FRE DURNG START Starter Mixtur e.. crank engine Throttle.... idle cut-off Electric fu~ open Fuel selecto/ump..... OFF Ab.in don if f ' :... ire continues... OFF ENGNE POWER LOSS DURNG TAKEOFF f sufficient r l. unway remams for a normal landing, an d straight ahead. f i.nsufficient runway remain s: Mam tain safe airspeed Mak e only shallow tum to avoid obstrnctions Flaps as situation require s f suffici ent altitude has been gaim:d to attempt a restart : Maintain safe airspeed Fu el selector.... switch to tank containing fuel Electric fuel p ump check ON Mixtur e check RCH Carburetor heat ON Primer lock ed f power is not regained, proceed with pow er off landing. ENGNE POWER LOSS N FLGHT Fuel selector.... switch to tank. containing fuel Electric fuel pump ON Mixtur e RCH Carburetor he.it ON Engilll : gauges _dlltk fo~ indication of cause of power loss Primer check lock ed J f 110 fuel pressur e is indicated, check ~a~k selector position to be sun: it is on a tank contamrng fuel. f power is not restored prepare for power off landing. Trim for 76 KAS POWER OFF LANDNG Locate suitable field. Establish spiral patt ern. 000 ft. above field at downwind position for normal landing approach. When field can easily be reached slow to 66 KAS for shortest landing. Touchdowns should normally be made at lowest possible airspeed with full flaps. When committed to landing: gnition Master switch Fuel selector Mix ture... Seat belt and harness. FRE N FLGHT Source of fire... Electrical fire (smoke in cabin) : Master switch Vents Cabin heat.... Land as soon as practicable. Engine fire : Fuel selector Throttle..... OFF.. OFF.. OFF. idle cut -off.... tight check. OFF.open. OFF.... OFF.. CLOSED Mixture idle cut-off Electric fuel pump check Of'F Heater and defroster OFF Proceed with power off landing procedure. l l! When power is restored : Ca rbur e tor heat.. E lectr ic fuel pump.. OFF.. OFF LOSS OF OL PRESSURE Land as soon as possibl e and investigate cause. Prepare for power off landing. SSUED: JUNE 18, 976 REVSED: JUL y 3, J

33 SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORA TlON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER U LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE Electric fuel pump on fuel selector check on full tank OPEN DOOR f both upper and side latches are open, the door will trail slightly open and airspeeds will be reduced slightly. HGH OL TEMPERATURE To dose the door in night : Slow airplane to 87 KAS Land at nearest airport and investigate the problem. Cabin vents close Prepare for power off landing. Storm window open AL1ERNATOR FALURE Verify failure Reduce electrical load as much as possible. Alternator circuit breakers check Alt switch.... OFF (for 1 second), then on f no output: Alt switch OFF Reduce electrical load and land as soon as practical. f upper latch is open latch f side latch is open pull on armrest while moving latch handle to latched position f both latches are open.. CARBURETOR CNG.. latch side latch then top latch Carburetor Heat ON Mixture Adjust for Max. Smoothness SPN RECOVERY Throttle idle Ailerons neutral Rudder full opposite to direction of rotation Control wheel full forward Rudder neutral (when rotation stops) Control wheel as required to smoothly regain level flight altitude ENGNE ROUGHNESS Carburetor heat ON f roughness continues after one min : Carburetor heat OFF Mixture adjust for max. smoothness Electric fuel pump ON Fuel selector switch tanks E ngme. gauges check Magneto switch "L" then "R " then "BOTH" f operation is satisfactory on either one, continue on that magneto at reduced power and fuu "RCH" mixture to first airport. Prepare for power off landing. ~, 34 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23, 1980

34 PPER AR. PA-28-18! ~RAHEFT CORPORATON ' ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.S AMPLFED EMERGENCYPROCEDURES(GENERAL) The followin the pilot with a mg paragraphs are presented to supply additional infonnation for the purpose of providing an emergency situa~~n~omplete understanding of the recommended course of action and probable cause of 3. 7 ENGNE FRE DURNG ST ART S. to try Engine to start fires th during. s t ar t are usually the result of overpriming. The first attempt to extinguish the fire e engine and draw the excess fuel back into the induction system. throttle f a and fire crank is present th b ~ ~ ore th. e_ engine. has started, move the mixture control to idle cut-off, open the e engine. This s an attempt to draw the fire back into the engine. f the engine has t t d. s ar e, contmue operatmg to try to pull the fire into the engine. n either case (above).f fi t... the b t ail, rre con mues more than a few seconds, the frre should be exhngmshed by es av able external means. The fuel selector valves should be "OFF" and the mixture at idle cut-off if an external fire extinguishing method is to be used. 3.9 ENGNE POWER LOSS DURNG TAKEOFF The proper action to be taken if loss of power occurs during takeoff will depend on the circumstances of the particular situation. f sufficient runway remains to complete a normal landing, land straight ahead. f insufficient runway remains, maintain a safe airspeed and make only a shallow tum if necessary to avoid obstructions. Use of flaps depends on the circumstances. Normally, flaps should be fully extended for touchdown. f sufficient altitude has been gained to attempt a restart, maintain a safe airspeed and switch the fuel l tor to another tank containing fuel. Check the electric fuel pump to insure that it is "ON" and that the :i:~re is "RCH." The carburetor heat should be "ON" and the primer checked to insure that it is locked.,.. f engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion, power will not be regained after switching fuel tanks until the empty fuel lines are filled. This may require up to ten seconds. f power is not regained, proceed with the Power Off Landing procedure (refer to the emergency check list and paragraph 3.13). SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 3, f

35 SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER J.l l ENGNE POWER LOSS N FLGHT Complete engine power loss is usually caused by fuel flow i~terruption and pow_er will be restored h 1 ft fuel flow is restored. f power loss occurs at a low altitude, the first step S to prepare for an ::::g~n:/1:nding (refer to paragraph 3.13). An airspeed of at least 76 KAS should be maintain ed. f altitude permits, switch the fuel selector to another tank containing fuel and turn the electric fuel pump "ON." Move the mixture control to "RCH" and the carbu~etor heat to_"on :" Check the engine gauges for an indication of the cause of the p~~er loss. Chee~ t_o msure the pnm_e~ S locked. f no fuel pressure is indicated, check the tank selector posihon to be sure 1t 1s on a tank contammg fuel. When power is restored move the carburetor heat to the "OFF" position and tum "OFF" the electric fuel pump. f the preceding steps do not restore power, prepare for an emergency landing. f f time permits, tum the ignition switch to "L" then to " R" then back to " BOTH." Move the throttle and mixture control levers to different settings. This may restore power if the problem is too rich or too lean a mixture or if there is a partial fuel system restriction. Try other fuel tanks. Water in the fuel could take some time to be used up, and allowing the engine to windmill may restore power. f power is due to water, fuel pressure indications will be normal. f engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion power will not be restored after switching fuel tanks until the empty fuel lines are filled. This may require up to ten seconds. f power is not regained, proceed with the Power Off Landing procedure (refer to the emergency check list and paragraph 3.13) POWER OFF LANDNG f loss of power occurs at altitude, trim the aircraft for best gliding angle 76 KAS (Air Cond. off) and look for a suitable field. f measures taken to restore power are not effective, and if time permits, check your charts for airports in the immediate vicinity ; it may be possible to land at one if you have sufficient altitude. f possible, notify the FAA by radio of your difficulty and intentions. f another pilot or passenger is aboard, let him help. When you have located a suitable field, establish a spiral pattern around this field. 'fry to be at 1000 ~ feet above the field at the downwind position, to make a normal landing approach. When the field can easily be reached, slow to 66 KAS with flaps down for the shortest landing. Excess altitude may be lost by widening your pattern, using flaps or slipping, or a combination of these. Touchdown should normally be made at the lowest possible airspeed. When committed to a landing, close the throttle control and shut "OFF" the master and ignition switches. Flaps may be used as desired. Turn the fuel selector valve to "OFF " and move the mixture to idle cut-off. The seat belts and shoulder harness (if installed) should be tightened. Touchdown should be normally made at the lowest possible airspeed. 3-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

36 PPERARc PA-28-1s1 c~corporaton - ' 1.ar.ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.1 S F{Dr:- -.'-. N FLGHT f The Presence of fi the fire be ire is noted through smoke, smell and heat m the cabm. t 1s essential that the source since the actio~r~:beptly ident~fied through instrument readings, character of the smoke, or other indications taken differs somewhat in each case. Check for the source of the fire first. f an electri l fi. cabin vents sh ~~ ire is md1cated (smoke in the cabin), the master switch should be turned "OFF." The Possible. ou be opened and the cabin heat turned "OFF." A landing should be made as soon as f an engine fi should be at. dl ire is present, switch the fuel selector to "OFF" and close the throttle. The mixture be "OFF." ; 1 r e/ut-off. Tur:n ~e e~ectric fuel pump "OFF." n all cases, the heater and defroster should landing pr d a 10 commumcation 1s not required, select master switch "OFF." Proceed with power off oce ure. NOTE The possibility of an engine fire in flight is extremely remote. The procedure given is general and pilot judgment should be the determining factor for action in such an emergency LOSS OF OL PRESSURE Loss of oil pressure may be either partial or complete. A partial loss of oil pressure usually indicates a malfunction in the oil pressure regulating system, and a landing should be made as soon as possible to investigate the cause and prevent engine damage. A complete loss of oil pressure indication may signify oil exhaustion or may be the result of a faulty gauge. n either case, proceed toward the nearest airport, and be prepared for a forced landing. f the problem is not a pressure gauge malfunction, the engine may stop suddenly. Maintain altitude unt il such time as a dead stick landing can be accomplished. Don' t change power settings unnecessarily, as this may hasten complete power loss. Depending on the circumstances, it may be advisable to make an off airport landing while power is still available, particularly if other indications of _actual_ oil pressure loss, such as sudden increases in temperatures, or oil smoke, are apparent, and an airport 1s not close. J f engine stoppage occurs, proceed with Power Off Landing... SSUED : JUNE 18,

37 SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER D 3.19 LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE f loss of fuel pressure occurs, tum "ON" the electric fuel pump and check that the fuel selector is on a full tank. f the problem is not an empty tank, land as soon as practical and have the engine-driven fuel pump and fuel system checked HGH OL TEMPERATURE An abnonnally high oil temperature indication may be caused by a low oil level, an obstruction in the oil cooler, damaged or improper baffle seals, a defective gauge, or other causes. Land as soon as practical at an appropriate airport and have the cause investigated.._ A steady, rapid rise in oil temperature is a sign of trouble. Land at the nearest airport and let a mechanic investigate the problem. Watch the oil pressure gauge for an accompanying loss of pressure ALTERNATOR FALURE Loss of alternator output is detected through zero reading on the ammeter. Before executing the following procedure, insure that the reading is zero and not merely low by actuating an electrically powered device, such as the landing light. f no increase in the ammeter reading is noted, alternator failure can be assumed. The electrical load should be reduced as much as possible. Check the alternator circuit breakers for a popped circuit. The next step is to attempt to reset the overvoltage relay. This is accomplished by moving the "ALT" switch to "OFF" for one second and then to "ON." f the trouble was caused by a momentary overvoltage condition (16.5 volts and up) this procedure should return the ammeter to a normal reading. f the ammeter continues to indicate "O" output, or if the alternator will not remain reset, tum off the "ALT' switch, maintain minimum electrical load and land as soon as practical. All electrical load is being supplied by the battery SPN RECOVERY ntention~! spins are prohibited in this airplane. f a spin is inadvertently t h e throttle to idle and the ailerons to neutral. entered, immediately move f F~ ;ctder should then be applied opposite to the direction of rotation followed by control wheel full s:watrhl. he~ th e rotation stops, neutralize the rudder and ease back on the control wheel as required to 00 Y regam a level flight attitud e. REPORT: YB SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976

38 :PER ARCRAFT CORPORATON A-2S-lSl, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.27 OPEN DOOR J \ :X, The cabin door on the Cherokee is double latched so the chances of its springing open in flight at th the top and side are remote. However, should you forget the upper latch, or not fully engage the side atch, the door may spring partially open. This will usually happen at takeoff or soon afterward. A partially open door will not affect normal flight characteristics and a normal landing can be made with the door ~n. '. f both upper and side latches are open the door will trail slightly open, and airspeed will be reduced slightly. '. To close the door in flight, slow the airplane to 87 KAS, close the cabin vents and open the storm wmtlow. f the top latch is open, latch it. f the side latch is open, pull on the armrest while moving the latch handle to the latched position. f both latches are open, close the side latch then the top latch CARBURETOR CNG. U_nder certain moist atmospheric conditions at temperatures of -5 C to 20 C, it is possible for ice to form m the induction system, even in summer weather. This is due to the high air velocity through the carburetor venturi and the absorption of heat from this air by vaporization of the fuel. To avoid this, carburetor preheat is provided to replace the heat lost by vaporization. Carburetor heat should be full on when carburetor ice is encountered. Adjust mixture for maximum smoothness ENGNE ROUGHNESS Engine roughness is usually due to carburetor icing which is indicated by a drop in RPM, and may be accompanied by a slight loss of airspeed or altitude. f too much ice is allowed to accumulate, restoration of full power may not be possible ; therefore, prompt action is required. Turn carburetor heat on (See Note). RPM will decrease slightly and roughness will increase. Wait for a decrease in engine roughness or an increase in RPM, indicating ice removal. f no change in approximately one minute, return the carburetor heat to "OFF." f the engine is still _rough, adjust the mixture for maximum smoothness. The engine will run rough if too rich or too lean. The electric fuel pump should be switched to "ON" and the fuel selector switched to the other tank to see if fuel contamination is the problem. Check the engine gauges for abnormal readings. f any gauge readings are abnormal, proceed accordingly. Move the magneto switch to " L" then to "R," then back to "BOTH." f operation is satisfactory on either magneto, proceed on that magneto at reduced power, with mixture full " RCH," to a landing at the first available airport. f roughness persists, prepare for a precautionary landing at pilot's discretion. NOTE Partial carburetor heat may be worse than no heat at all, since it may melt part of the ice, which will refreeze in the intake system. When _us~g carburetor heat, therefore, always use full heat, and when ice ts removed return the control to the full cold position. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23,

39 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 4 NORMAi, PROCEDURES Page No. al eeds For Safe O eration ~ ia Procedures Check Li~t 4- fli ht or: St~r~~~k E~ i~~ 4-3 g g irting F.nginc When Cold ,rting Fnginc When Hot trting Engine When Flooded rting With External Power Source rm -Up xiin).! ound Check fore Tak eoff keoff imh uising escent (Normal) e<;cent ( Power OFF) pproach And.anding opping Engine rking plified Normal Procedur e-. (General) i!!ht Check r; Starting Engine rt i ng E nginc rn1-l 1p iing n1nd Check ore Takeoff <coff mh i sing scent proach and.anding ipping Engine rking lb rhu k nt Air Oper ation ight and Balance i

40 '.. }- A AlRCRAFl RPORATON PA~28-181, ARCHER ~.. NORMAL......!. - : \....secton ~ PROCEDURES A ~ : WALK-AROUND Figure ~. 4.S NORMAL PROCEDURES CHECK LST PREFLGHT CHECK ii. ' Control wheel release belts Avionics OFF Master switch ON Fuel quantity gauges check Master switch OFF lgnitiqn OFF Exterior check for damage Control surfaces check for interference -, free of ice, snow, frost Hinges check for interference Wings :.... free of ice, snow, frost Stall warnin g check Fuel tanks check supply visually - secure caps SSUED: JULY 2, 1979 REPORT:.»

41 SECTON 4 ( NORM.\. PROCEOllRF.S PPER ARC'h. C\lt<PORATON PA-l8-181, ARCHER Performance for a sp~c ific ai~plane may vary fro_".' published figures depc:nding upon _the e4u1pment ms_talled, _l~e condtt1~n ~f the engine, airplane: aml equipment, atmospheric cond1t1ons and piloting technique. (p) Best Rate of Climb Speed {b) Best Angle of Climb Speed (c) Turbulent Air Operating Speed (See Subsection 2.3) (d) Maximum Flap Speed (e) Landing Final Approach Speed {Flaps 40 ) (f) Maximum Demonstrated Crossw ind Velocity 76 KlAS 64 KlAS l13klas 102 KAS 66 KAS 17 KTS \., -- REPORT: VB- 120.$-2 SSUEO: JULY 2, 1979

42 C. Pl. a..r AR<.?TC' PA , A.k'--HER J.~ATJON' 2TON 4 NOk1v1AL PROCEDURES Start\!r engage Throttle adjust Oil pressure cl1eck f engine does not start within to sec. prime and repeat starting procedure. STARTNG ENGNE WHEN HOT Throttle /2" open Master switch ON Electric fuel pump ON Mixture full RCH Starter engage Throttle adjust Oil pressure check ' ~ STARTNG ENGNE WHEN FLOODED Throttle open full Master switch ON Electric fuel pump OFF Mixture idle cut-off Starter : engage Mixture advance Throttle :... retard Oil pressure check ~ STARTNG WTH EXTERNAL ~OWER SOURCE Master switch OFF All electrical equipment OFF Terminals connect External power plug insert in fuselage Proceed with normal start Throttle lowest possible RPM External power plug disconnect from fuselage Master switch ON - check ammeter Oil pressure check SSUED: JULY 2, 1979 REPORT: VR-1120,i.5

43 , ~ :!! f, f l" -1.. i, "i J! ;i i?!,:!i l'- ~~., -,r. CTJON R....: NOR/\1,\ l. l'hoceol..., PPER Al,.. FTC'-.'ORATON, A ; ARCHER drain and check for F11d wnj.. sumps water scjimcnt alll.l proper fuel F11d n nls :... :... open irtits proper inflation (4.50 1n.) Main. gears check T,n:s...,. Brake blocks.....check P iot J li,d ~,..... remove cover - holes clear \Vindshicld clean Propeller and spinner......,., ,,, check Fuel and oil ,, ~.. check for h:a ks Oil check level Dipstick pr operly scaled Cowling ,..., secure Jnspet.'tion covers secure Nose wheel lire check No.se gear stru t propl'r inflation (3.25 in.) Air inlets clear Alterna1or belt check tension Tow bar anj control locks stow Rai_.?gagc stowl'd properly - secure ffagp.age door close and secure h11: ~trainer drain and check for water sedimen t and proper fuel Primary flight controls proper operation Cahin door :... close and secure Re4uired papers on board Sl a1 hells and lwrness fasten/adjuslchcck inc:rtia reel BF.FORE STARTNG ENGNF~, Ora kcs set Carburetor heat , full COLD Fuel sekcto r desired tank R::iciios OFF ST ART NC ENG NE WHEN COLO Throttle / 4" open Maslcr switch ON Electric fuel pump fl;,, r-. -tixtu rc REPORT: -4-~ Rf, PU ( t, - - ~-1 \'B-1120 ~. 0 R~~ SSUED : J ULY 2, 1979 RE VSEO: J UNE 29, ' ""-1!. \ \ \, f " \~\\\~\-\"\' \\m1\\\.: (\-ll.:';.<;. ',11.:-'... 1;\:<.i "\\\{ll\\\.:..... ' \\1;1\...:S '''. S\cc1ini \1<1C\ll.l Q\\ \1'.\\ ()1\ \)\( f\l{ cc,-.,,1\ c~ f11 {-~ f\ f. \ \ '. ~ \

44 , ', 1.-,.. l ~,. ;, ~.. ' wac,1-rr.-... r ",... hr<>1tlc...,....,...,., RPM TAXNG Ch1><ks ,.,.,.....,.,.... removed Ta xi.. ire,. " ".." " " " " " " " " " " " '."..._..." " " ". clear Throttle apply slowly Brakes check St«ring check '-' '\ ' \ ; GROUND CHECK Parking brake , "..... set lhrottk ~00 RPM ~tagnctos., rn n1ax. drop diff. 175 SO RPM RPM VacttUOl " ". "... " " "".... ". ".. "": ". "... s.o Hg.. 1 Oil tcn1p " ".". "... ".. "".... "... ' "... ""... check Oil pressure _ ,... check Air conditioner ,.....,... check Annunciator panel " press-10-test Carburetor heat--... ",..,,,.. "..... "... check Engine is warm for takeoff when 1hrollle can be opened wi1houl engine ruttcring. [lcctri< fuel pun1p ,.... ".. ".. ".. "..... OFF fuel pressure "..... " ". "... check 1 hro11ic "..,., retard '.....,_ 1---, :,i; i. 1- '. Master switch..., " ON Hight instrun1cn1> check Fuel,clcclllr.,., proper tank [kctric f ucl pulllp... 0:-1 E ngi nc gauges : check (arburdor heat OFF Seal barks ,....,.... "rcct SC Mi :\, u r~ c,c t, 111ni.:r \o-' d 1n: ro 1rr: r n sst1 D: JUL'/ 1, 1919 Rf\'\~EO: Jl1Nf. 19, \9&~

45 fastened/ adjusted seat belts snugly fastened \ Bells ss / h arne "' s '', ' ' ' ' Ct E mpty s eats s. C\ Flaps r re C Trim ta b atched Contro l s OFF Doors.... t... Air conditioner " " " " TAKEOFF NORMAL Flaps t 1 1 Tab Accelerate to 52 to 65 KlAS Control wheel :::: f f set set 1 t back pressure to rotate to climb attitude SHORT FELD, OBSTACLE CLEARANCE Flaps (scco_nd notch) Accelerate to 41 to 49 KAS depending on aircraft weight. Control wheel back pressure to rotate to climb attitude After breaking ground, accelerate to 45 to 54 Kl AS depending on aircraft weight. Accelerate to best flaps up angle of climb speed - 64 KAS, slowly retract the flaps and climb past the obstacle. Accelerate to best flaps up rate of climb speed - 76 KAS. SOFT FELD ',. Flaps,, ; (second notch) Accele'rate to 41 to 49 KAS depending on aircraft weight. Control wheel.,,..,..... back pressure to rotate.. to climb attitude Af~er breaking ground, accelerate to 45 to 54 KAS depending on aircraft weight. Accelerate to best flaps up rate of climb speed 76 K las. Flaps...,,,,, r etrac -slowly,., SSUED: JULY 2, 1979 RF.VlSEO: NOVEl\1RER 16, 1981 REPORT: VB-t

46 s StLTlON 4 PPER AlRl.. JT co~.. ()RATON NORMAL PROCEO\RF.S PA , ARCHER CUMll lkst rate (flaps up) K1AS Dest angle (Oaps up) K1AS En-route KlAS Electric f uc\ pump ~ OFF at desired altitude ~N4 RES nal '- CRUSNG Reference performance charts and Avco-Lycoming Operator's Manual % N orma \ max. powe r b\ Power set per power ld~ e a JUSt M 1xture e 1 ' DESCENT NORMAL S00 rpm Throttle. d \22 \<.\AS A1rspec R\CH Mixture.., ON 1f requ,re d Carburetor h e at POWER OFF "t ON if required Carburetor h e... "' closed Thrott. \ e d as requ,rc d Airspee......, as requ,rc d Mixture., ven r y w,th t h rott\e Power every 30 seconds APPROACH AND LANONG fuel selector proper tank Seat backs erect \ Bells/ harness , fasten( adjust Electric fuel pun,p ON 1',tixture , set, RF.PORT: Vl\-1120 lssuf..o:.nn:v 1, \()1<) nr, 1, 1:-n. '\:(\\ ' F\lHFH H,,()~\

47 . ER AlRCRA CORPORATON PA , ARCttt_;R J..,ECTON 4.NORMAL rroceotmr.s ' '... Flaps set - 02 K J AS max Air conditioner OFF Trim to 75 KAS. Final approach speed (flaps 40 ).,, , K JAS, STOPPNG ENGNE Flaps ':... ~.. retract Electric fuel pump... ~... OFF Air conditioner OFF Radios OFF Throttle full aft Mixture idle cut-off Magnetos... OFF Master switch OFF j PARKNG Parking brake set Control wheel secured with belts Flaps full up Wheel chocks in place Tie downs secure. SSUEO: JLY 2, 1979 REronT: \'B

48 PPER AR P A ~RAFrHE CORPORATON ' ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4 7 AMPLFED NORMAL PROCEDURES (GENERAL) The followin.... procedures ne g paragraphs are provided to supply detailed mfonnation and explanations of the nonnal cessary for the safe operation of the airplane. 4.9 PREFLGHT CHECK The airplane sho ld b a check of th. u, e give~ a thorough preflight and walk-around check. The preflight should include in-flight pe f e airplane s operational status, computation of weight and C.G. limits, takeoff distance and factors rela;;rmt ance. A :,veather briefing should be obtained for the intended flight path, and any other g O a safe fhght should be checked before takeoff. CAUTON The flap position should be noted before boarding the aircraft. The flaps must be placed in the "UP" position before they will lock and support weight on the step.. Upon entering the cockpit, release the seat belts securing the control wheel. Turn "ON" the master switch and check the fuel quantity gauges for sufficient fuel. After the fuel quantity check is made tum the master switch "OFF" and check that the ignition switch is "OFF." To begin the exterior walk-around, check for external damage and operational interference of the control surfaces or hinges. nsure that the wings and control surfaces are free of snow, ice, frost or any other foreign materials. An operational check of the stall warning system and navigation lights should now be made. Tum ther master switch "ON." Lift the detector while checking to detennine if the horn is actuated and check thaf the navigation lights are illuminated. The master switch should be returned to the "OFF" position after the checks are complete. A visual check of the fuel tank quantity should be performed. Remove the filler cap from each tank and visually check the supply and color. Be sure to secure the caps properly after the check is complete. The fuel system sumps and strainer should be drained daily prior to the first flight and after refueling to avoid the accumulation of contaminants such as water or sediment. Each fuel tank is equipped with an individual quick drain located at the lower in.board rear comer of the tank. The fuel strainer is equipped with a quick drain located on the front lower co~er of t~e firewall._ Each of the fuel tank sumps should be drained first. Then the fuel strainer should be drained twice, once with the fuel selector valve o~ each tan~. Each time fuel is drained, sufficient fuel s~ould be al~owed to flow t~ ensure removal o! contammants. This fuel should be collected in a suitable contamer, exammed for contaminants, and then discarded. CAUTON When draining any amount of fuel, care should be taken to ensure that no fire hazard exists before starting the engine. Each quick drain should be checked after closing it to make sure it has closed completely and is not leaking. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JANUARY 20,

49 SECTON4 NORMAL PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER l ke sure they arc open. Check all of the fuel tank vents to ma. ar Check the main gear shock struts for prorer inflation. Next. complete ~ check of the la nd '"g gender a normal static load. The nose gear should be checked There should be 4.50 inches of<;trut exp;s~re,i~es for cuts and wear and insure proper inflation. Make a ~ - fi 3 25 inches of strut exposure. Chee a., vf:uai check of the brake blocks for wear or damage. t f h h ad on the unden,idc of the left wing. Check the pilot head to make Remove the cover rom t e p1 o e. sur e the holes are open and clear of obstructions. Don't forget to clean and check the windshield. The propeller and spinn er should be checked for defect.~ or nicks. Lift the cowling and check for any obvious fuel or oil _leaks. Check the ~ii level : Make sure that the dipstick has properly seated after checking. Secure the cowling and check the inspection covers. Check the air inlets for foreign matter and the alternator belt for proper tension. Stow the tow bar and check the baggage for proper storage and security. The baggage compartment doors should be closed and secure. Upon entering the aircraft. ascertain that all primary flight controls operate properly. Close and secure the cabin door and check that all the required papers arc in order and in the airplane. Fa,ten and adj ust the seat belts and shoulder harness and check the function of the inertia reel bv pulling sharply on the strap. Fasten seat belts on empty seats. - NOTE f the fixed shoulder harness (non-inertia reel type) is installed. it must _?e_ 7onnected to the sea! belt ~ind adjusted to allow proper access1b1l11y to all controls. mcludmg fuel selector fl. t ct h "l.... aps. nm. c.. w e mamtammg adequate restraint for the occupant. _f the i~crtia rec_! type shoulder harness is installed. a pull test of its locking resrramt fea ture should be performed BEFORE STARTNG ENGNE Rcfore starting th full COi O.. c engine the brakes should he. t "ON". pos1t1on. The fuel,elector sh~>t;ld th b sc and the carburetor heal lever mo ved lo the. en c moved to rhe desired lank. 4-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MARCH

50 :PER ARCRAFT CORPORATON A-2B-S, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES STARTNGENGNE ) (a) (b) (c) Starting Engine When Cold Open the throttle lever approximately 1/4 inch. Turn "ON" the master switch and the electric fuel pwnp. Move the mixture control to full "RCH" and engage the starter by rotating the magneto switch clockwise. When the engine fires, release the magneto switch, and move the throttle to the desired setting. f the engine does not fire within five to ten seconds, disengage the starter, prime the engine and repeat the starting procedure. Starting Engine When Hot Open the throttle approximately l /2 inch. Turn "ON" the master switch and the ~lectric fuel pump. Move the mixture control lever to full RCH and engage the starter by rotatmg the / magneto switch clockwise. When the engine fires, release the magneto switch and move the throttle to the desired setting. Starting Engine When Flooded The throttle lever should be full ''OPEN." Tum "ON" the master switch and turn "OFF" the electric fuel pump. Move the mixture control lever to idle cut-off and engage the starter by rotating the magneto switch clockwise. When the engine fires, release the magneto switch, advance the mixture and retard the throttle. 1 (d) Starting Engine With External Power Source An optional featur e called the Piper External Power (PEP) allows the operator to use an external battery to crank the engine without having to gain access to the airplane's battery. Turn the master switch OFF and turn all electrical equipment OFF. Connect the RED lead of the PEP kit jumper cable to the POSTVE(+) terminal of an external 12-volt battery and the BLACK lead to the NEGATVE (-) terminal. nsert the plug of the jwnper cable into the socket located on the fuselage. Note that when the plug is inserted, the electrical system is ON. Proceed with the normal starting technique. After the engin~ has started, reduce po~ er to the lowest possible RPM, to reduce sparking, and disconn ect the Jumper cable from the aucraft. Tum the master switch ON and check the alternator ammeter for an indication of output. DO NOT ATTEMPT FLGHT F THERE S NO NDCATON or ALTERNATOR OUTPUT. NOTE For all normal operations using the PEP jumper cables, the master switch should be OFF, but it is possible to use the ship's battery in parall~l by tu~~i~g the master switch ON. This will give longer crankmg capab1hhes, but will not increase the amperage. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 3,

51 SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORA TJON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER CAUTON Care should be exercised because if the ship 's battery has been depleted, the external power supply can be reduced to the level of the ship 's battery. This can be tested by turning the master switch ON momentarily while the starter is engaged. f cranking speed increases, the ship 's battery is at a higher level than the external power supply. ~ - REPORT: VB O SSUED: JUNE REVSED: JULY 2, 977

52 PPER AR PA-28-lSl CCRAFr CORPORATON, fferokee ARCHER SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.s WARM.up min Wai:m up the engine at 800 to 1200 RPM for not more than two minutes in wann weather and four utes m cold. Avoid prolonged idling at tow RPM, as this practice may result in fouled spark plugs. 0 Takeoff may be made as soon as the ground check is completed, provided that the throttle may be pened fully Without backfiring or skipping, and without a reduction in engine oil pressure. t Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose s ones, gravel or any loose material that may cause damage to the propeller blades TAXnNG ualilefore attemptin~ to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be instructed ~d approved by a q ied person authonzed by the owner. Ascertain that the propeller back blast and taxi areas are clear. d P~wer should be applied slowly to start the taxi roll. Taxi a few feet forward and apply the brakes to etermme their effectiveness. While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of the steering. Observe wing clearances when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. f possible, station an observer outside the airplane. Avoid holes and ruts when taxiing over uneven ground. Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose stones, gravel or any loose material that may cause damage to the propeller blades GROUND CHECK The magnetos should be checked at 2000 RPM. Drop off on either magneto should not exceed 175 RPM and the difference between the magnetos should not exceed 50 RPM. Operation on one magneto should not exceed JO seconds. Check the vacuum gauge; the indicator should read 5.0" ±.1" Hg at 2000 RPM. Check the annunciator panel lights with the press-to-test button. Also check the air conditioner. Carburetor heat should also be checked prior to takeoff to be sure the control is operating properly and to clear any ice which may have formed during taxiing. Avoid prolonged ground operation with carburetor heat "ON" as the air is unfiltered. The electric fuel pump should be turned "OFF" after starting or during warm-up to make sure that the engine driven pump is operating. Prior to takeoff the electric pump should be turned ON again to prevent loss of power during takeoff should the engine driven pump fail. Check both oil temperature and oil pressure. The temperature may be low for some time if the engine is being run for the first time of the day. The engine is warm enough for takeoff when the throttle can be opened without the engine faltering. JSSUED : JUNE 18,

53 - secton4 NORMAL PROCEDURES --. PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER FORE TAKEOFF BE 'd ed prior to executing the takeoff procedure.. r takeoff should be cons1 er ts of each parucu a All aspec.. set all of the flight instruments_ as required. Check the.. Ntt the master switch and check a nd k (f 11 t) Turn "ON" the electric fuel pump and check Turn O the proper tan u es.. Jector to make sure it is on h d be in the "OFF" pos1t1on. fue se. The carburetor heat s ou the engine gauges. All seat backs should be erect..... h k d t O insure that 1t 1s Jocked. The seat belts and d the primer c ec e The mixture should he set an.. d F t n the seat belts snugly aroun d t h e emp t y sea ' t s. shoulder harness should be fastened and ad3uste. as e NOTE f the fixed shoulder harness (non-inertia r~el type) is installed. it b ted to the Seat belt and ad1usted to allow proper must e connec., b 1 ty to all controls including fuel selector. flaps. trim. etc.. access, 11., h pant while maintaining adequate restraint ior t e occu. f the inertia reel type shoulder harness is installed. a pull test of its Jocking restraint feature should be performed. d h fl d t 1 m tab nsure proper flight control movement and response. Exercise an set t e aps an r. All doors should be properly secured and latched. On air. conditioned models. the air conditioner must he "OFF" to insure normal takeoff performance TAKEOFF The normal takeoff technique is conventional for the Cherokee Archer J. The tab should be set slightly aft of neutral. with the exact setting determined by the loading of the airplane. Allow the airplane to accelerate to 48 to 53 KAS depending on the weight of the aircraft and cm,c back on the control wheel to rotate to climb attitude. The procedure used for a short field takeoff with an obstacle clearance or a soft field takeoff differ!', slightly from the normal technique. The flaps should be lowered to 25 (second notch). Allow the aircraft to accelcrat~ to 41 to 49 KAS depending on the aircraft weight and rotate the aircraft to climo attitude. After hr~akmg ground. accelerate to 45 to 54 KlAS. depending on aircraft weight. Continue to climb while ii~~elern!l~g to the_ /laps-up rate of climb speed. 76 KAS if no oostaclc is present or 64 K AS if obstacle arann 1 ~ a cons1dcrarion. Slowly retract the flaps while climbing out... REPORT: VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984

54 PPERAR.c PA-28-ts1 c~ CORPORATON - ' ROKEE ARCHER 4.2S CLJMB SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES ob. The best rate of climb.. tamed at 64 KAS. at gross weight will be obtained at 76 KAS. The best angle of climb may be route, a speed of 87 Kl At l~ghter than gross weight these speeds are reduced somewhat. For climbing en over the nose during the ~~~s/ecommended. This will produce better forward speed and increased visibility When reachin th d.. g e esired altitude, the electric fuel pump may be turned off CRUSNG l. The cruising speed of the Ch k.. a titude, temperature 1 d. ero. ee Arc~er is determined by many factors, including power setting, oa mg and equipment mstalled in the airplane. The normal maximum. may be obtained t. cru!-8mg power is 75% of the rated horsepower of the engine. Airspeeds which provided by Secti a 5 vanous altitudes and power settings can be determined from the performance graphs on. highe~8:iti~~d th e ;;:xtu~e control in cruising flight reduces fuel consumption significantly, especially at pilot's ct ~s. e mixture_ should be leaned during cruising operation above 5000 ft. altitude and at amou t ls;retion at _lower altitudes when 75% power or less is being used. f any doubt exists as to the 5000 ~ 0 power being used, the mixture should be in the full "RCH" position for all operations under 1eet... T? lean the mixtur e, disengage the lock and pull the mixture control until the engine becomes rough, mdic_ating that the lean mixture limit has been reached in the leaner cylinders. Then enrich the mixtur e by pushing the control towards the instrument panel until engine operation becomes smooth. f the airplane is equipped with the opt ional exhaust gas temperature (EGT) gauge, a more accurate means of leaning is available to the pilot. For this procedur e, refer to the "Avco-Lycoming Operator 's Manual." Always remember that th e electric fuel pump should be turn ed "ON" before switching tanks, and should be left on for a short period ther eafter. n order to keep the airplane in best lateral trim during cruising flight, the fuel should be used alternat ely from each tank. t is recommended that one tank be used for one hour after takeoff, then the oth er tank be used for two hours ; then return to the first tank, which will hav e approximately one and one half hours of fuel remaining if the tanks were full at takeoff. The second tank will contain approximately one half hour of fuel. Do not run tanks completely dry in flight. The electric fuel pump should be normally "O~F" so that any malfuncti~n of th~ en~ne driven fuel p~p mm ediately apparent. f signs of fuel starvation should occur at any time dunng flight, fuel exhaustion ~t~uld be suspected, at whi~h time the f~~l se.~ecto~ _should be immediately positioned to the other tank and the electric fuel pump switched to th e ON position DESCENT NORMAL To achieve the performance on Fig~re ~-29th~ power on descent must be used. Thethr?ttl~ should be set ture full rich and mamtam an airspeed of 122 KAS. n case carburetor ice ts encountered for 2500 RPM, mix apply full carburetor heat. SSU ED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MA y 23,

55 SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER POWER OFF Jf a prolonged power off descent is to be made, apply fu~ carburetor heat prior to po~er reduction if icing conditions are suspected. Throttle should be retarded and?11xture c?ntrol ~ea;cd at r~qu1rhcd. Power rcsron:-,c should be verified approximately e_very 30 ~econds by partially opcn_mg an t enc osmg t c throttle (clearing the engine). When ev~l_ing off ennchen mixture, set power as required and select carburetor heat off unle:-,s carburetor icing cond1t1ons are suspected APPROACH AND LANDNG Check to insure the fuel selector is on the proper (fullest) tank and that the scat backs are erect. The seat belts and shoulder harness should be fastened and adjusted and the inertia reel checked. NOTE f the fixed shoulder harness (non-inertia reel type) is installed. it must be connected to the seat belt and adjusted to allow proper accessibility to all controls. including fuel selector, flaps. trim, etc. while maintaining adequate restraint for the occupant. f the inertia reel type shoulder harness is installed, a pull test of its locking restraint feature should be performed. Turn "ON" the electric fuel pump and turn "OFF" the air conditioner. The mixture should be set in the full "RCH"' position. The airplane should be trimmed to an initial approach speed of about 75 KAS with a final approach speed of 66 KAS with flaps extended. The flaps can be lowered at speeds up to 102 KAS. if desired. The mixture control should be kept in full "RJCH" position to insure maximum acceleration if it should be necessary to open the throttle again. Carburetor heat should not be applied unless there is an indication of carburetor icing, since the use of carburetor heat causes a reduction in power which may be critical in case of a go-around. Full throttle operation with carburetor heat on can cause detonation. The amount of flap used during landings and the speed of the aircraft at contact with the runway should be varied according to the landing surface and conditions of wind and airplane loading. t is generally good practice to contact the ground at the minimum possible safe speed consistent with existing conditions. N~rmall_y. the best technique for short and slow landings is to use full flap and enough power to maintain th e d:me d airspeed and approach flight path. Mixture should be full " RCH," fuel on the fullest tank. and electric fuel pump "ON." Reduce the speed during the flareout and contact the ground close to the stalling speed. After ground contact hold the nose wheel off as long as possible. As the airplane slows down. gently!owe_r th e nose and apply the brakes. Braking is most effective when flaps arc raised and back pressure is appl_ied to th_e control wheel. putting most of the aircraft weight on the main wheels. n high wind conditions. p~rticula~ly in strong crosswinds, it may be desirable to approach the ground at higher than normal speeds with partial or no flaps SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984

56 -----' ~ ~ -- PPER AR PA-28-JBJ ~RAFrHE CORPORATON RO.KEE ARCHER J SECTON 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.JJ STOPPNG ENGNE At the pil t' d.. f d "OFF" 0 s 1scret1on, the flaps should be raised and the e ectnc ue pump turne NOTE The flaps must be placed in the "VP" position for the flap step to support weight. Passengers should be cautioned accordingly.. The air conditioner and radios should be turned "OFF." and the engine stopped by disengaging the ; 1 x.~ure c?ntro _l lock and pulling the mixture control back to idle cut-off. The throttle should be left full aft to voi engine vibration while stopping. Then the magneto and master switches must be turned "OFF. 4,33 PARKNG d. f neccssa. ry, t h e cllrplane should be moved on the ground with the aid of the nose whee J tow b ar ~ro\ 1 ed wi th each airplane and secured behind the rear scats The aileron and stabilator controls should be ~ecuhred by looping the safety belt through the control wheel a.nd pulling it snug. The flaps are locked when int e "VP" pos1t1on. and should be left retracted... :rie do~ns can be secured to rings provided under each wing and to the tail skid. The rudder is held in position by ts connections to the nose wheel steering and normally does not have to be secured STALLS The stall characteristics of the Cherokee Archer are conventional. An approaching stall is indicated b!' a stall warning horn which is acti, atcd between five and ten miles per hour above stall speed. Mild airframe buffeting and gentle pitching may also precede the stall. Th e gross weight stalling spe ed of the Cherok ee Archer with power off and full flaps is 49 KAS. With the flaps up this speed is increased 6 KTS. l.oss of altitude during stalls varies from 100 to 350 feet. depending on configuration and power. NOTE J The stall warning system 1s inoperative with the master switch ''OFF." During preflight, the stall warning system should be checked by turning the master switch "ON," lifting th e detector and checking to determine if the horn is actuated. The master switch should be returned to the " OFF" position after the check is complete. SS ljed:.h NE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH JO, 1984 REPORT : VB

57 SECTON4 NORMAL PROCEDURES PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 4.37 TURBULENT AR OPERATON n keeping with good operating practice used in all aircraft, it is recommended that when turbulent air is encountered or expected, the airspeed be reduced to maneuvering speed to reduce the structural loads caused by gusts and to allow for inadvertent speed build-ups which may occur as a result of the turbul ence 1 or of distractions caused by the conditions. (See Subsection 2.3) J 4.39 WElGHT AND BALANCE t is the responsibility of the owner and pilot to detennine that the airplane remains within the allowable weight vs. center of gravity envelope while in flight. For weight and balance data, refer to Section 6 (Weight and Balance) SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

58 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE Paragraph No General A uplan e Weighing Procedure Weight and Balance Data and Record Wei~1t and Balance Determination for Flight Equipment List.... (a) Propeller and Prop.cilc.r A~~c~s~ric.s : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : (b) Engine and Engine Accessories (c) Landing Gear and Brakes (d) Electrical Equipment (e) nstruments ( f) Miscellaneous (g) Engine and Engine Accessories (Optional Equipment) (h) Propeller and Propeller Accessories (Optional Equipment) (i) Landing Gear and Brakes (Optional Equipmen t) U) Electrical Equipment (Optional Equipment) (k) nstruments (Optional Equipment) () Autopil o ts (Optional Equipm ent) (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (n) Miscellaneou s (Optional Equipment)..... : Page No p-49 6-i

59 :rer. ARCRAfl CORPORATON lsl, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE 6.1 GENERA[. n r:der to achieve the performance and flying characteristics which are designed into the airplane, it mu st be flown with the weight and center of gravity (C.G.) position within the approved operating range ( envelope). Alt hough the airplane offers fie xi bility of loading. it cannot be flown with the maximum number of adult passengers. full fut'! tanks and maximum baggage. With the flexibility comes responsibility. the pilot mu st ensure that the airplane is loaded within the loading envelope before he makes a takeoff.. Misloading carries consequences for any aircraft. An overloaded airplane will not take off. climb or cruise as well as a properly loaded one. The heavier the airplane is loaded. the less climb performance it will ha ve.. Cent~r of gravit~ is a determining factor in flight characteristics. f the C.G. is too far forward in any airplane. it may be difficult to rotate for takeoff or landing. f the C.G. is too far aft. the airplane may rotate pr~maturel y on takeoff or tend to pitch up during climb. Longitudinal stability will be reduced. This can lead to madwrtent stalls and even spins. and spin recovery become s mor e difficult as the center of gravity move s aft of th e approwd limit. A properly loaded airplane. howe ver, will perform as intended. Before the airplane is licensed. a basic empty weight and CG. location is computed (basic empty weight consists of the standard empty weight of the. airplane plus the optional equipment). Using the basic empty weight and CG. location, the pilot can determine the weight and C.G. position for the loaded airplane by computing the total weight and moment and then determining whether the y are within the approved envelope. The basic em pt y weight and CG. location are recorded in the Weight and Balance Data Form (Figure 6-5) and the Weight and Ra lance Record (Figure 6-7). The current values should always be used. Whenever new equipment is added or any modification work is done. the mechanic responsible for the work is required to compute a new basic empty weight and C.G. position and to write the se in the Aircraft Log Book and the We ight and Balance Record. The owner should make sure that it is done. A weight and balan ce calculation is necessary in determining how much fuel or baggage can be boarded -;o a-; to keep within allowable limits. Check calculations prior to adding fuel to insure against improper loading. The following pages arc forms used in weighing an air plane an d in computing basic empty weight. C.G. pos ition. and useful load. Note that the _useful load in~ludc-; usable fuel. baggage. cargo and passengers. following thi, is the method for comrut111g takeoff weight and C.G. SSl ED: JUNF RF.VSED: MARCH 30, 1984 REPORT : VB

60 PPER AR PA-28 CRAFf CORPORATON SECTON 6 -l B, CHEROKEE ARCHER WEGHT AND BALANCE 6. 3 ARPLANE WEGHNG PROCEDURE At the time of r... p... and center f. K~nsin tper Am.:raft Corporation provides each airplane with the basic empty weight 0 gravity location. This data is supplied by Figure 6-5. The removal dd f. center of rav or a itlon_ o ~qmp~en~ or airplane modificati~ns c~ affe~t the basic empty weight and gravity lo!tio~~ The followmg 1s a we1ghmg procedure to deternune this basic empty weight and center of (a) Preparation ( 1) Be certain that all items checked in the airplane equipment list are installed in the proper location in the airplane. (2) ~emove excessive dirt, grease, moisture, foreign items such as rags and tools from the airplane before weighing. (3) Defuel airplane. Then open all fuel drains until all remaining fuel is drained. Operate engine on each tank until all undrainable fuel is used and engine stops. Then add the unusable fuel (2.0 gallons total, 1.0 gallons each wing). CAUTON Whenever the fuel system is completely ~rained an~ ~uel is replenished it will be necessary to run the engme for a mm1mum of 3 minutes at 1000 RPM on each tank to ensure noairexistsinthefuel supply lines. (4) Fill with oil to full capacity.. d 1ot seats in fourth ( 4th) notch, aft of forward position. Put flaps in ~e (5) Place pilot and co~t. d all control surfaces in the neutral position. Tow bar should be m fully retracte post. n and 10n an all entrance and baggage doors close d. the proper oca t 10.. 'd osed building to prevent errors in scale readings due to wind. Weigh the atrplane ms, e a c (6) (b) Leveling. al block main gear oleo pistons in the fully extended position. ( 1 ) With a!fplane on sc es, (2) Level airplane (refer to Figure 6-3) deflating nose wheel tire, to center bubble on level. JUNE 18, ssUE _DD:. MARCH 30, 1984 REVSE 6-3

61 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (c) Weighing - Airplane Basic Empty Weight (1) With the airplane level and brakes released, record the weight shown on each scale. Deduct the tare, if any, from each reading. Scale Net Scale Position and Symbol Reading Tare Weight Nose Wheel Right Main Wheel Left Main Wheel (N) (R) (L) Basic Empty Weight, as Weighed (T) - - WEGHNG FORM Figure 6-1 (d) Basic Empty Weight Center of Gravity () The following geometry applies to the PA airplane when it is level. Refer to Leveling paragraph 6.3 (b ) C. G. Arm - -~ Level Points (Fuselage) Wing Leading Edge ' -+-A..-, N A B = = LEVELNG DAGRAM The datum is 78.4 inches ahead of the wing leading edge at the intersection of the straight and tapered section. Figure SSUED: JUNE 18, REVSED: FEBRUARY 25, 1977

62 PPER AlRCD A r:- p A-28-t al C HE'VU' 1 CORPORATON ' ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE ( 2 ) The basic empty weight center of gravity (as weighed including optional equipment, full oil and unusable fuel) can be determined by the following formula : C.G. Arm = N (A) + (R + L) (B) T inches Where: T = N + R + L JSSlJl'JJ : JUN:: H, 1976 REVSEU : JANUARY 20, S

63 SECTON6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 6.5 WEGHT AND BALANCE DATA AND RECORD The Basic Empty Weight, Center of Gravity Location and Useful Load listed in Figure 6-5 are for the airplane as licensed at the factory. These figures apply only to the specific airplane serial number and registration number shown. The basic empty weight of the airplane as licensed at the factory has been entered in the Weight and Balance Record ( Figure 6-7). This form is provided to present the current status of the airplane basic empty weight and a complete history of previous modifications. Any change to the permanently installed equipment or modification which affects weight or moment must be entered in the Weight and Balance Record. 6-6 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH s 4

64 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON p A-2S-l 81, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE MODEL PA CHEROKEE ARCHER 0 19 q0\42- Airplane Serial Number --=2~o =----- Registration Number_---'-'N::...=2.'-t-"o_'B=---~---- Date 10/23/78 ~ ARPLANE BASC EMPTY WEGHT Standard Empty Weight* C.G. Arm Weight (nches Aft Moment tem X (Lbs) of Datum) = (n-lbs) Actual Comp uted / Optional Equipment Basic Empty Weight *The standard empty weight includes full oil capacity and 2.0 gallons of unusable fuel. ARPLANE USEFUL LOAD (Gross Weight) - (Basic Empty Weight)= Useful Load Normal Category (2550 lbs) - ( lbs) = lbs. ) Utility Category (2130 lhs) - ( lbs) = lbs. THS BASC EMPTY WEGHT. C.G. AND USEFUL LOAD ARE FOR THE ARPLANE AS LCENSED AT TH E FACTORY. REFER TO APPROPRATE ARCRAFT RECORD WHEN ALTERATONS HAVE BEEN MAD E. REVSED SEE WEG~T & BALANCE DATED J)1A 3:S ;{ 5 :-tt: K>5-~1e...y') $ "- PA~fr :, - 1 WEGHT AND BALANCE DATA FORM Figure 6-5 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MARCH 30,

65 ARWORK AVONCS 131 LBERATOR LANE NDANA, PENNSYLVANA REP AR STATON : HGlRl 91K Weight and Balance Supplemental Equipment List Revision., VJ c( - n NAME William Metro STREET: Rt422 CTY: Kittaning STATE: Pa ZP : MAKE:Piper MODEL :PA S/N : N: 2108C ~ i PREVOUS: Remove KT76A nstall GTX 345 transponder/ ADS B C105 WEGHT ARM MOMENT REVSED: GROSS WEGHT : 2550 REVSED EMPTY WEGHT : NEW USEFUL LOAD :970.5 DATE: Ronald S. Yvanek

66 ,:, en ttl 'J) <~ en ttl ~o - o.. 3:~ ;i... ::P.,:,_ ("') 0C :i::..,...-c =--..1 c,,.. -c 0C ""' ~ ~ ::1 0 ~ t::t, PA Date 10/ /24 78 ~ -C'1 l/ 8/ 9t3 :r: -i 9/4/9 ca > t""" ~ ~ ("') tt'. ~ n 0 ~ 13/7 / 94 4lim lt ('m No. n Out,,r, Serial Number Registration Nu ~r N20;;7 Page Numb er 1 Description of Articl e or Modifi cat ion ~ Weight Change Running Basic Added(+) Remov ed( -) Empt y Weight Wt. Arm Moment Wt. Arm Moment Wt. Momen t (Lb.) (n.) /100 (Lb. ) (n. ) /100 (Lb.) /100 As Licensed 1, AVONCS PACKAGE (see lo~ ent ry ) ~OTE TH 3 EQUP~ l<nt l ADDED D EQUPMENT LST 1/4/93 SEE ~OTE ON P t\ge 6-1 in nu ~ tv tt. AVONCS ALTERATO N- SEE REVSONS EET ~ form 337 l ' AVONCS ALTERATON- SEE REVSON St EET!\ND E PRM 337 l S ~VONCS ALTERATON SEE REVSONS :ET AND rorm 33i 15' lq ~~ A~t;=..,~ ~~-... e-:f's 5",P.,... ~\ ~ ~ 1>"-Ee: ~ <:. 6l1-, 'i- 1-;~:'2.l- "'tl"'tl >..,, ~ttj,;;,:, oo_ ->.:-::,:, nn ::o m ~$ ~8 ttj 2g >o a: ttj ::i =z ::,:, 0 ::i::, ttl "'C 0 ::i::, -i < = 17'~ ~= ~ i-i ~ Oen t::t, tt'. ~ nz tt'. '

67 T S THE RESPONSBLTY OF THE PLOT AND ARCRAFT OWNER TO tm"""'... - ARPLANE S LOADED PROPERLY. 6.7 WEGHT AND BALANCE DETERMNATON FOR FLGHT (a) Add the _ weight of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight. (b) Use the Loading Graph (Figure 6-13) to determine the moment of all items to be carried in 1 airplane. (c) Add the moment of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight moment. J (d) Divide the total moment by the total weight to determine the C.G. location. (e) By using the figures of item (a) and item (d) (above), locate a point on the C.G. range and weigh graph (Figure 6-15). f the point falls within the C.G. envelope, the loading meets the weight anl balance requirements. S-e-e rz~v, ref) enp1y ujf J &L Arm Aft Weight Datum Moment (Lbs) (nches) (n-lbs) Basic Empty Weight Jb14.f, <o1 -S 13, Pilot and Front Passenger Passengers (Rear Seats) Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum) ~~g 95.0 ')..736~ - - Baggage ~ "' {.. -. w Total Loaded Airplane ~5"6~,6 q,q J.3 'f ~ fr'jax ALLOW11f3/ ( -;)r o 4 : ti., Las overt /\lt Ovl4fJle The center of gravity (C.G.) of this sample loading problem is at inches aft of the datum line. Locate this point ( ) on the C'.G. range and weight graph. Since this point falls within the weight_ C.G. envelope, this loading meets the weight and balance requirements. ---

68 --, PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE 6 7 WEGHT AND BALANCE DETERMNATON FOR FLGHT (a) Add the _ weight of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight. (b) Use the Loading Graph (Figure 6-13) to determine the moment of all items to be carried in the. airplane. (c) Add the moment of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight moment../, (d) (e) Divide the total moment by the total weight to determine the C.G. location. By using the figures of item (a) and item (d) (above), locate a point on the C.G. range and weight graph (Figure 6-15). f the point falls within the C.G. envelope, the loading meets the weight and balance requirements. Jf"9!J,'J --;- 13tr-L Se-e Rt' V ff f) enp1y urr Arm Aft Weight Datum Moment (Lbs) (nches) (n-lbs) Basic Empty Weight JS-94.b '61-~ t3,,... Pilot and Front Passenger w Passengers (Rear Seats)* l Fuel ( 48 Gallon Maximum) ~tf? 95.0 ~7 36~ Baggage* ~...., '8 r~-.) Total Loaded Airplane as-6~,6 q1,q _.,. )3 '1 ~ frjax ALL0fl)AOl t' ~;irr() 4.:. /')..., lfl J 0 rjetz A.lltlvlMJte Th e center of gravity (C.G.) of this swiple loading problem is at inches aft of the datum line. Locat e this point ( ) on the C.G. range and weight graph. Since this point falls within the weight - C.G. envelope, this loading meets the weight and balance requirements. T S THE RESPONSBLTY OF THE PLOT AND ARCRAFT OWNER TO NSURE THAT THE ARPLANE S LOADED PROPERLY. *Utility Category Operation - No baggage or rear passengers allowed. SAMPLE LOADNG PROBLEM (NORMAL CATEGORY) Figure 6-9 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REPORT : VB

69 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER Weight (Lbs) Arm Aft Datum (nches) Moment (n-lbs) Basic Empty Weight Pilot and Front Passenger Passengers (Rear Seats)* Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum) Baggage* Total Loaded Airplane Totals must be within approved weight and C.G. limits. t is the responsibility of the airplane owner and the pilot to insure that the airplane is loaded properly. The Basic Empty Weight C.G. is noted on the Weight and Balance Data Form (Figure 6-5). f the airplane has been altered, refer to the Weight and Balance Record for this information. *Utility Category Operation - No baggage or rear passengers allowed. WEGHT AND BALANCE LOADNG FORM Figure 6-11,, 6-12 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

70 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE, t--+--l l i...-.j----l l---1- ~, ~ct t ' ~# ~~-,f----i ~... "j ci, 0 z ::::, 0 ~ - % C, w == 0 <( 0..J 200 /v V ~/ ~'t,ct V V / <o't>, / / '= f 7 V1/",,v 150 J...-..j r7---,f-7-Av~,./:...+,,.,-v4-~ t---i ; /VV:V 100 ~+-+--+,,.~A-::A t-+--,f--~t t /t/:~c7 0 1)" MOMENT/1000 (POUNDS NCHES) LOADNG GRAPH Figure 6-13 SSUED: JUNE 18,

71 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER l "' C Z 2200 :::::, 0 C. z ~ 2000 C, w ;: V / v~ / V / / [Z / NORMAL CATEGORY UTLTY CATEGORY. ' ~,, ' NCHES AFT OF DATUM C. G. RANGE AND WEGHT Figure 6-1 S REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MAY 23, 1980

72 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2B-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE 6 9 EQUPMENT LST The following is a list of equipment which may be installed in the PA t consists of those items ~sed ~or defining the configuration of an airplane when the basic empty weight is established at the time of liccnsinr Only those standard items which arc alternate standard items and those required to be listed by 1 he certi~icating authority ( FAA) arc presented. tems marked with an "X" arc those items which were installed on the airplane described below as delivered by the manufacturer. PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER ~ -, SERAL NO REGSTRATON NO. N2108C DATE : 10/23/78 * tem No. * 1/4/93 - nrrs EQUPMENT LST WAS PREPARED THS DATE BY THS REPAR STATON FRa-1 DETALS TAKEN FRa-1 ORGONAL AiC EQUPMENT LST DATED 10/23/78 AND DETALS NOTED N ARCRAFT MANTENANCE RECORDS. THS EQUP LST S FURTHUR REVSED BY ATTACHED UV'- v,.,_~, ~ )k (a) Propeller and Propeller Accessories for : SLP AVONC CRS# FJ1Rl4 1<"'--~ tem Mark if nst!. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) Propeller, Sensenich 76EM8S5-0-60, Piper Spec. PS Cert. Basis - TC P4EA 3 Propeller, Sensenich 76EM8S5-0-62, Piper Spec. PS Cert. Basis - TC P4EA SLP AVONCS, NC. CRS #FJ1Rl41K u. MacArthur Airport 135 Schaeffer Dr. RONKONKOMA, NEW YORK ( 5 ls) '88-354~ FAX (516) JSSlJED: JllNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984 REPORT : VB-790 7

73 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-St, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE ) (b) Engine and Engine Accessories,) tem No. lll'lll Mark if 11stl. Weight ( Pou 11ds) Ann (n.) Aft Datu111 Moment (Lb-l11.1 Engine a. Piper Dwg Lycoming Model O-360-A4M Cert. Basis - TC E ) b. Piper Dwg Lycoming Model O-360-A4A Cert. Basis - TC Oil Filter - Lycoming No (AC of ) Cert. Basis - TC E Oil Filter - Lycoming LW (Champion ctt48 O) Cert. Basis - TC E286 X Alternator 60 Amp. a. Chrysler b. Chrysler JO SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MA 23,

74 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-28-JBJ, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE k) Landing Gear and Brakes tem No. 1km Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 27 Two Main Wheel Assemblies Piper Dwg & - a. Oeveland Aircraft Products Wheel Assembly No Brake Assembly No Cert. Basis - TSO C26a b. Two Main 4-Ply Rating Tires with Regular Tubes Cert.-Basis - TSO C62 29 One Nose Wheel a_ Cleveland Aircraft Products Wheel Assembly No B ( Less Brake Drum) Cert Basis - TSO C26a b. McCauley ndustrial Corp. Wheel Assy. No. D Cert. Basis - TSO C:::!6b c. One Nose Whed +Pl y Rating Tire 6.0<M with Regular Tube Cert. Basis - TSO C62 SSUED : JUNE 18, J 976 REVSED : JANUARY 20, J

75 / PJPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-l Sl CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE (e) nstrum ents --l tem No. tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n.) Moment Aft Datum (Lb-n.) ~ ) 53 Airspeed ndicator, Piper Spec. PS S Cert. Basis - TSO C2b 55 Altimeter, Piper Spec. PS or -3 Cert. Basis - TSO C Ob 57 Comp ass Cert. Basis - TSO C7c, i, t) 1 1 PAT 7oo)y., ft,{,,(:, SSUED : JUNE 18, J

76 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE --- tem No. (f) Miscellaneous tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 65 Forward Seat Belts (2) Piper Spec. PS A Cert. Basis - TSO C22f 67 Rear Seat Belts (2) Piper Spec. PS Cert. Basis - TSO C22f SSUED : JUNE 18,

77 PPER ARCRAFf CORPORATON PA-2S-l 8, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE ") tem No. ( i) Landing Gear and Brakes (Optional Equipme nt) tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n. ) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) ~ ' 73 Nose Wheel Fairing Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Main Wheel Fairings Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Nose Wheel Fairing Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Main Wheel Fairings Piper Dwg , -3 Cert. Basis - TC 2A _ 77 Nose Wheel Fai ring Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X Mai n Wheel Fairin gs P iper Dwg , -3 Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: FEBRUARY 28,

78 ii ' PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON6 WEGHT AND BALANCE (j) Electrical Equipment (Optional Equipment) ~ tem No. Mark if Weight tem lnstl. (Pounds) Ann (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) M ~ ~ 79 nstrument Panel Lights Cert. Basis - TC 2A 3 )( nstrument Light 3 Grimes Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 0.l 83 Cabin Light Cert. Basis - TC 2A Landing Light, G. E. Model 4509 Cert. Basis - TC 2A Navigation Lights (Wing) (2) Grimes Model A 1285 (Red and Green) Cert. Basis - TC 2A Navigation Light (Rear) (), Grimes Model 2064 (White) Cert. Basis - TC 2Al3 X.2 91 Rotating Beacon Cert. Basis - TC 2A Anti-Collision Lights (Wing Tip) (Whelen) Cert. Basis - STC SA800EA X Heated Pitot Head, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X.4 97 Piper Pitch Trim Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2AJ 3 99 Battery 12V 35 A.H. Rebat R35 (Wt Jbs.) Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 'i X 4.7 *5.3 *Weigl1t and mom ent difference betwe en standard and optional equipment. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 3, O

79 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER J tem No. (j) Electrical Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem Mark if ns ti. Weight Arm (n.) Moment (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) -=- 01 Auxiliazy Power Receptacle, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A External Power Cable, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X X Lighter, , 12 Volt Universal Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X > SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976

80 "') (k) PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON p A- 2 S-l St, CHEROKEE ARCHER nstruments (Optional Equipment) SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE ~ tem No. Mark if Weight Ann (n.) Moment tem nst!. (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) 113 Vacuum System nstallation a. With Airborne Model 21 ce Pump b. With Edo-Aire Model X Ul28A Pump {) Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Attitude Gyro, Piper Dwg , -3, -4 or -8 Cert. Basis - TSO C4c Directional Gyro, Piper Dwg , or -7 Cert. Basis - TSO C5c Tru-Specd ndic:itor, Piper Spec. PS T Cert. Basis - TSO C2b X (same as standard equipment) 121 Encoding Altimeter, Piper PS or -7 Cert. Basis - TSO Cl Ob, C88 * Altitude Digitizer (United nstrument P/ N 5125-PJ) Cert. Basis - TSO C Vertical Speed Piper Dwg , -4 or -5 Cert. Basis - TSO CBb X Alternate Static Source.x Cert. Basis- TC 2Al3 127 Turn and Slip ndicator, Piper PS or -3 Cert. Basis - TSO C3 b *Weight and moment difference between standard and optional equipment. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MAY 23,

81 SEC10N 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER tem No. (k) nst.rumen ts (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem Mark if nst!. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) - =- 129 Exhaust Gas Temperature, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 3 'i Manifold Pressure Gauge Piper Spec. PSS or -4 Cert. Basis - TC 2A Engine Hour Meter Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Clock Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Air Temperature Gauge, Piper Dwg or -2 Cert. Basis - TC 2A 3 X X ! ) REPORT: VB SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23, 1980

82 ) PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE 0) Autopilots (Optional Equipment) tem No. tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) AutoFlite Cert. Basis - STC SA3066SW -D AutoControl B a. Omni Coupler, # CJ88 Cert. Basis - STC SA3065SW-D X SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976

83 SE.cl'ON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) tem No. tem Mark if nstl. Weight Ann (n.) Moment (Pounds) Aft Datum ( Lb-n.),- 169 Collins VHF-250 or VHF-251 Comm Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C3 7b, C38b X i?.. -f="t tul E- 1> (1) Collins VR-350 or VR-351 Nav Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C40a, C36c X 12-E:t'l'\ov E-t;) ( 1) Collins ND 350 () VOR/LOC ndicator a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C40a, C36c )< Collins ND 351 () VOR/LOC GS ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C40a, C36c 177 Collins GLS-350 Glide Slope Receiver Cert. Basis - TSO C34c ~o, C:--'t) X (l ~ )( (LE- A.cue;. :~ As ~t..l~ 9 / 3 /'t~-5e-e ~vt.sr~! Ll~, F ~ SLP AVONCS, NC. CR$ #FJ1Rl41K L. MacArthur Airport 135 Schaeffer Dr. RONKONKOMA, NEW YORK (516) FAX (516) SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23, 1980

84 1 1 '\ 1t PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER tem No. (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem Mark if nst!. Weight (Pounds) SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE Arm (n.) Moment Aft Datum (Lb-n.) :) 178 Collins DCE 400 Distance Computing Equipment Cert. Basis - TSO C40a 179 Collins RCR-650 ADF Receiver and Antenna and ND-650 ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C4 lc Collins RCR - 650A AD F Receiver and ant enna and ND-650A ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C4 l c 'x :~ 181 Collins AMR-350 Audio/Marker Panel Cert. Basis - TSO C35d, CS0b 183 Collins TDR-950 Transponder Cert. Basis - TSO C74c X **3.3 X * *Weight includes antenna. Weight includes antenna and cable. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY 23,

85 ,.,. SF TON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (m) Radio Equiprrent (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem ro tem 187 King KX 170 ( )VHF Comm/Nav a. Transceiver, Single b. Transceiver, Dual Cert. Basis - TC 2A13 Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (lb-n.) King KX 175 ( ) VHF a. Transceiver b. King KN 72 VOR/LOC Converter c. King KN 73 Glide Slope Receiver d. King KN 75 Glide Slope Receiver e. King KN 77 VOR/LOC Converter f. King Kl-204 VOR/LS ndicator g. King KN 520 VOR/LS ndicator Cert Basis - TSO C36c, C37b, C38b, C40a King KX 175 ( )VHF a. Transceiver (2nd) b. King KN 72 VOR/LOC Converter c. King KN 77 VOR/LOC Converter d. King K-203 VOR/LS ndicator e. King KN 520 VOR/1 LS ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C36c C37b, C38b, C40a ' ' j j 1 ' 6-42 l~ued : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MAY 23, 1980

86 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA- 2 S-l8, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE ~ J (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) if) tem No. Mark if Wcigltl Arm (n.) Moment tem nst!. (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) 193 King K 201 ( ) VOR/ LOC nd. a. Single b. Dual rj) Cert. Basis - TC 2A King K 208 VOR/LOC ndicator a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C34c, C36c, C40a -~ 195 King K 209 VOR/LOC/GS ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C34c, C36c, C40a King K 213 VOR/LOC/GS ndicator Cert. Basis- TC 2Al King K 214 ( ) VOR/ LOC/GS nd. Cert. Basis - TC 2A ) 199 King KN 74 R-Nav Cert. Basis - TC 2Al King KN 61 DME Cert. Basis - TC 2AJ King KN 65A DME Cert. Basis - TSO C66a King KR 85 Digital ADF ) a. Audio Amplifier Cert. Basis - TSO C4 lb ) SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 3,

87 ,,,_-, SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem No. tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 207 King KR 86 ADF a. First b. Second c. Audio Amplifier Cert. Basis - TC 2A King KMA 20 ( ) Audio Panel Cert. Basis-TSO C35c, C50b 211 King KT 76 ( )/78 ( ) Transponder Cert. Basis - TSO C7 4b *3.7 * *Weight includes antenna and ca bl e SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 3, 1978

88 ;~ER ARCRAFT CORPORATON SECTON6 2B- S CHEROKEE ARCHER n WEGHT AND BALANCE (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem No. Mark if Weight Arm (n.) Moment tem lnstl. (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) ~ 213 Narco Comm l0a VHF Transceiver Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Narco Comm A VHF Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TC 2A Narco Comm 1 B VHF Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Narco Comm 111 VHF Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C37b, C38b 22 1 Narco Comm 111 B VHF Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis -TSO C37b, C38b 223 Narco Comm 120 VHF Transceiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C37b, C38b 225 Narco Nav 10 VHF Receiver Cert. Basis - TC 2A Narco Nav 11 VHF Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Narco Nav 12 VHF Receiver Cert. Basis -TC 2Al SSUE D: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 12,

89 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER U (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem No. tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 231 Narco Nav 14 VHF Receiver Cert. Basis - TC 2A Narco Nav 111 Cert. Basis - TSO C36c, C40a, C66a Narco Nav 12 Receiver Cert. Basis - TSO C36c, C40a, C66c, C34c 237 Narco Nav 114 VHF Receiver Cert. Basis - TSO C38b, C40a, C36c, C34c, C66a Narco Nav 121 VHF Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C36c, C40c, C66a Narco Nav 122 VHF Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C35d, C36c, C40c, C66a * 5.1 * Narco Nav 1 22A VHF Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis -TSO C34c, C35d, C36c, C40c, C66a * 5.2 * Narco Nav 124A VHF Receiver a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C35d, C36c, C40a, C66a * 6.2 * J *Weight includes marker antenna and cable 6-46 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 12, 1977

90 1' i :~ER ARCRAFT CORPORATON SECTON 6-2S-lSl, CHEROKEE ARCHER WEGHT AND BALANCE (m ) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) ~ tem No. Mark if Weight Arm (n.) Moment tem nst!. (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) Narco D 124 VOR/LOC/GS ndicat or a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C34c, C35d, C36c, C40c 249 Narco UGR-2A Glide Slope a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C34b 251 Narco UGR-3 Glide Slope Cert. Basis - TC 2A ! Narco MBT-12-R, Marker Beacon Cert. Basis - TC 2A Narco CP-125 Audio Selector Panel Cert. Basis - TC 2A Narco CP-135 Audio Select or Panel Cert. Basis - TSO CS Ob 259 Narco CP-135M Audio Select or Panel Cert. Basis - TSO CS Ob, C35d * Narco DME-190 Cert. Basis - TC 2Al 3 ** J 263 Narco DME-190 TSO Cert. Basis - TSO C66a 26 5 Narco DME-195 Receiver and ndicator Cert. Basis - TSO C66a ** ** ' *Weight includes marke r ant enna and cable. *"'Wci/rlit includes ante nna and cable. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 2,

91 - ~ --- SF TON6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER tem No. (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem Mark if nst!. Weight Ann (n.) Moment (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) 267 Narco ADF-140 a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C4 lc * Narco ADF-141 a. Single b. Dual Cert. Basis - TSO C4 l c * Narco AT50A Transponder Cert. Basis - TSO C74b a. Narco AR-500 Altitude Encoder Cert. Basis - TSO C Narco AT150 Transponder Cert. Basis - TSO C74c a. Narco AR-500 Altitude Encoder Cert Basis - TSO C Antenna and Cable a. Nav Receiving b. 1 VHF Comm c. 2 VHF Comm d. Glide Slope (Single) e. Glide Slope (Dual) f. Single ADF Sense Cert. Basis - TC 2A13 X Anti Static Antenna and Cable a. 1 VHF Comm b. 2 VHF Comm c. Single ADP Sense Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Emergency Locator Transmitter (C.C.C. Model CR-11-2) a. Antenna and Coax b. Shelf and Access Hole Cert. Basis - TSO C91.:we!ght ~ncludes dual antenna and cable Weight includes antenna and cable.. ){ X X , _ SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: APRL 13, 1979

92 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-t St, CHEROKEE ARCHER 11 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE i- rj (m) Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) (cont) ~ tem No. tem Mark if lnstl. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 280 Emergency Locator Transmitter (Narco Model ELT- 10) a. Antenna and Coax b. Shelf and Access Hole Cert. Basis - TSO C i! Microphone a. Piper Dwg b. Piper Dwg c. Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2Al 3 X :j) Boom Microphone - Headset Piper Dwg Cert. Basis -TC 2Al3 285 Cabin Speaker Cert. Basis - TC 2A Headset, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X X l SSUED : JULY 12, 1977 REVSED: APRL 13, a

93 , j PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-S1, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE (n) Miscellaneous (Optional Equipment).,1) '-.. tem No. tem Mark if lnstl. Weight (Pounds) Ann (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) 321 Zinc Chromate Finish Cert. Basis - TC 2A j) 323 Stainless Steel Control Cables Cert. Basis - TC 2A Air Conditioner,. Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Overhead Vent System Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Overhead Vent System with Ground Ventilating Blower Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Assist Step, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A X 14.9 X Super Cabin Sound Proofing, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X 18. l Adjustable Front Seat (Left), Piper Dwg / Cert. Basis - TC 2Al3 337 Adjustabl e Front Seat (Right), Piper Dwg / Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13 X *6.6 X * *Weight and moment difference between standard and optional equipment. SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : JULY 12,

94 SECTON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (n) Miscellaneous (Optional Equipment) (cont) tem No. tem Mark if lnstl. Weight Arm (n.) Moment (Pounds) Aft Datum (Lb-n.) 339 Headrests (2) Front, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2A Headrests (2) Rear, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2Al3 343 nertia Safety Belts (Rear) (2) 0.8 lbs. each, Piper PS Cert. Basis - TC 2A Assist Strap, Piper Dwg Cert. Basis - TC 2Al Deluxe Carpeting Cert. Basis - TC 2A Fire Extinguisher, a. Piper Dwg , Scott b. Piper Dwg , Graviner HA Cert. Basis - TC 2A13 X * *Weight and moment difference between standard and optional equipment. 6-SO SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 3, 1 978

95 ' PP 1t AllCAfT CORPORA noh P,\ Zl. C1f[lt()~ll Aacff 1l U t licl'on6 WGT AND ALANC (n),~ CClantou.s { 0,lJOnal qwpnwnt) (, Mark &f lna&j. Weilllt (~ Ann (A.) All DUD Moment (Lb-n.).. :!l);.'.,j ) TOT AL OPTJO. Al EQUPUENT uo., W30 J H RtaiatraUon No. Color llark Type Fin' _ ~r

96 PPER ARCRAFf CORPORATON PA-2S-lS1, CHEROKEE ARCHER SEC11ON 6 WEGHT AND BALANCE tem No. (n) Miscellaneous ( Optional Equipment) (cont) tem Mark if nstl. Weight (Pounds) Arm (n.) Aft Datum Moment (Lb-n.) TOT AL OPTONAL EQUPMENT EXT E ROR FNSH Base Color Registration No. Color Typ e Finish TriJll Color Accent Color ssuED : JUNE 18,

97 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON OF lhe ARPLANE AND TS SYSTEMS J Paragraph No Th e Airplane Airframe Engine and Propeller Landing Gear , Flight Controls Engine Controls Fuel System Electrical System Vacuum System nstrument Panel Pitot-Static System _ Heating and Ventil ating Syst em ~ Cabin Features Baggage Area Stall Warning Finish... Air Conditioning Piper External Power Emergency Loca tor Transmitter Page No )) ) 7-i

98 ;PER ARCRAFT CORPORATON A-28-tSt, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRimON AND OPERATON SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON OF THE ARPLANE AND TS SYSTEMS 7.1 THEARPLANE The PA Cherok ee is a single-engine, low-wing monoplane of all metal construction. four-place seating, two hundred pound baggage capacity, and a 180 horsepower engine. 7.3 ARFRAME t has!. The basic airframe, except for a tubular steel engine mount, steel landing gear struts, and other rruscellaneous steel parts, is of aluminum alloy construction. The extremities - the wing tips, the cowling, the tail surfaces - are of fiberglass or ABS th ermoplastic. Aerobatics are prohibited in this airplane since the structure is not designed for aerobatic loads. The semi-tapered wings have a laminar flow type NACA airfoil. The wings are attached to each side of the fuselage by insertion of the butt ends of the respective main spars into a spar box carry-through which is an integral part of the fuselage structure, providing, in effect, a continuous main spar with splices at each side of the fuselage. There are also fore and aft attachments at the rear spar and at an auxiliary front spar. 7.5 ENGNE AND PROPELLER The Cherokee 181 is powered by a four cylinder, direct drive, horizontally opposed engine rated at 180 horsepower at 2700 rpm. t is furnished with a starter, at 60 ampere, 14 volt alternator, a shielded ignition, vacuum pump drive, a fuel pump, and a dry, automotive type carburetor air filter. The exhaust system is made entirely from stainless steel and is equipped with dual mufflers. A heater shroud around th e mufflers is provided to supply heat for the cabin and windshield defrosting. The fixed -pitch propeller is made from a one-piece alloy forging. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MAY23,

99 DESCRPTON SFCTON 7 AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER l l 7-2 MAN WHEEL ASSEMBLY Figure 7-1 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

100 -~~ r;;;:: PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON 7-7 LANDNGGEAR _The three landing gears use Cleveland 6.00 x 6 wheels, the main gear wheels (Figure 7-1) being provided with brake drums and Cleveland single disc hydraulic brake assemblies. All three wheels use 6.00 x 6, four-ply rating, Type tires with tubes. The nose gear is steerable through a 30 degree arc either s~de of center by use of the rudder ped_als and brak~s- A spring device incorporated in the rudder pedal torque tube assembly aids in rudder centenng and provides rudder trim. The nose gear steering mechanism also incorporates a bungee assembly to reduce st eering effort and to dampen shocks and bumps during taxiing. A shimmy dampener is included in the nose gear.!he three struts are of the air-oil type, with a normal extension of 3.25 inches for the nose gear and 4.50 mches for the main gear. The standard brake system for this Cherokee consists of dual toe brakes attached to the rudder pedals and a hand lever and master cylinder located below and behind the left center of the instrument sub-panel. The toe brakes and the hand brake have their own brake cylinders, but they share a common reservoir. The brake fluid reservoir is installed on the top left front face of the fire wall. The parking brake is incorporated in the master cylinder and is actuated by pulling back on the brake lever, depressing the knob attached to the left side of the handle, and releasing the brake lever. To release the parking brake, pull back on the brake lever to disengage the catch mechanism and allow the handle to swing forward (refer to Figure 7-5). J) - ) SSUED : JUNE 18,

101 j'n PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER sectjon 1 - DESCRPTON AND OPERATON FLGHT CONTROL CONSOLE Figure 7-3 J 7.9 FLGHT CONTROLS Dual controls are provided as standard equipment, with a cable system used between the controls and the surfaces. The horizontal tail (stabilator) is of the all-movable slab type with a trim tab mounted on the trailing edge of the stabilator to reduce the control system forces. This tab is actuated by a control wheel on the floor between the front seats (Figure 7-3). A rudder trim adjustment is mounted on the right side of the pedestal below the throttle quadrant and permits directional trim as needed in flight (refer to Figure 7-5). The flaps are manuajjy operated and spring-loaded to return to the up position. A past-center lock incorporated in the actuating linkage holds the flap when it is in the up position so that it may be used as a step on the right side. The flap will not support a step load except when in the full up position so it mu t be completely retracted when used as a step. The flaps have three extended positions, lo, 25 and 4~ degrees. SSUED : JUNE 18, s

102 SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 7.11 ENGNE CONTROLS Engine controls consist of a throttle control and a mixture control lever. These controls are located on the control quadrant on the ~ower center of the in_s!rument panel (Figure 7-5) where they are accessible to both the pilot and the copilot. The controls utilize teflon-lined control cables to reduce friction and binding. The throttle lever is used to adjust engine RPM. The mixture control lever is used to adjust the air to fuel ratio. The engine is shut down by the placing of ~he mixture control lever in the full lean position. n addition, the mixture control has a lock to prevent madvertent activation of the mixture control. For infonnation on the leaning procedure, see the Avco-Lycoming Operator's Manual. The friction adjustment lever on the right side of the control quadrant may be adjusted to increase or decrease the friction holding the throttle and mixture controls or to lock the controls in a selected position. The carburetor heat control lever is located to the right of the control quadrant on the instrument panel. The control is placarded with two positions : "ON" (down), " OFF" (up). - REPORT : VB {) SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

103 .. 1 '" : : aitl,; 0 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECilON 7 DESCRYTON AND OPERATON ) CONTROL QUADRANT AND CONSOLE Figure 7-5 SSUED: JUNE 18,

104 SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER FUEL SELECTOR Figure FUEL SYSTEM Fuel is stored in two twenty-five gallon (24 gallons usable) tanks which are secured to the leading edge structure of each wing by screws and nut plates. The fuel selector control (Figure 7-7) is located on the left side-panel, forward of the pilot's seat. The button on the selector cover must be depressed and hel<;l while the handle is moved to the OFF position. The button releases automatically when the handle is moved back into the ON position. An auxiliary electric fuel pump is provided in case of failure of the engine driven pump. The electric pump should be on for all takeoffs and landings, and when switching tanks. The pump switch is located in the switch panel above the throttle quadrant. The fuel drains should be opened daily prior to first flight to check for water or sediment. Each tank has an individual drain at the bottom, inboard rear comer. A fuel strainer, located on the lower left front of the fire wall has a drain which is accessible from outside the nose section. The strainer should also be drained befor~ the first flight of the day. Refer to P~agraph 8.21 for the complete fuel draining procedure. 7-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

105 , r CORPORATON P A , CHEROKEE ARCHER PPER ARCRAFT SECTON 7 DESCRY'ON AND OPERATON ) ; CARBURETOR ELECTRC FUEL PUMP ENGNE FUEL PUMP PRMER LEFT MAN TANK FUEL TANK SELECTOR VALVE RGHT MAN TANK FUEL QUANTTY GAUGES \ / FUEL SYSTEM SCHEMA TC Figure 7-9 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REPoRT: YB-790

106 r " SECTON? PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRA TON DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER D - Fuel quantity and pressure are indicated on gauges located in a cluster on the left side of the instrument panel. An engine priming system is provided to facilitate starting. The primer pump is located to the immediate left of the throttle quadrant (refer to Figure 7-5). '.,, 7.15 ELECTRCAL SYSTEM The electrical system includes a 14-volt, 60 amp alternator, a 12-volt battery, a voltage regulator, an overvojtage relay and a master switch relay (Figure 7-11 ). The battery is mounted in a thermoplastic box immediately aft of the baggage compartment. The regulator and overvoltage relay are located on the forward Jeft side of the fuselage behind the instrument panel. EJectricaJ switches are located on the right center instrument panel, and the circuit breakers are located on the lower right instrument panel. A rheostat switch on the left side of the switch panel controls the navigational lights and the radio lights. The similar switch on the right side controls and dims the panel lights. Standard electrical accessories include a starter, electric fuel pump, stall warning indicator, cigar lighter, fuel gauge, ammeter, and annunciator panel. The annunciator panel includes alternator and low oil pressure indicator lights. When the optional gyro system is installed, the annunciator panel also includes a low vacuum indicator light. The annunciator panel lights are provided only as a warning to the pilot that a system may not be operating properly, and that he should check and monitor the applicable system gauge to determine when or if any necessary action is required. Optional electrical accessories include navigation lights, anti-collision light, landing light, instrument lighting, and cabin dome light. Circuits will handle the addition of communications and navigational equipment. WARNNG Strobe lights should not be operating when flying through overcast and clouds since reflected light can produce spacial disorientation. Do not operate strobe lights in close proximity to ground, during takeoff and landing. The words "master switch" used hereafter in this manual indicate both sides of the switch; battery side "BAT" and alternator side "ALT' are to be depressed simultaneously to OFF or ON as directed SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED : MAY 23, 1986

107 PPER AlRCD "T.'OT, PA-28-B C&lfE~1 CORPORATON, ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON in am Unlike Previous generator systems, the ammeter does not indicate battery discharge ; rather it_ displays Peres the load placed on the alternator. With all electrical equipment off (except master switch) th e =ter will_ be ind~cating the amount of charging current demanded by the battery. As each i!em of cal equipment ts turned on, the current will increase to a total appearing on the ammeter. This total 1 ~ u;es th e battery. The average continuous load for night flight, with radios on, is about 30 ~mperes. under O ampe~ value, pl~~ approximately two amperes for a fully charged battery, will a~pear c?ntinu _ously alt th ese flight conditions. The amount of current shown on the ammeter will tell immediately tf the d emator system is operating normally, as the amount of current shown should equal the total amperage rawn by the equipment which is operating. f no output is indicated on the ammeter during flight reduce the electrical load by turning off all unnecess~n, 1 1 ' ak d -J e ectrica equipment. Check both 5 ampere field breaker and 60 ampere output bre er an ~:set if open. f neither circuit breaker is open, turn off the "ALT" switch for 1 second to reset the t e~oltage. relay. f ammeter continues to indicate no output, maintain minimum electrical load and ernunate flight as soon as practical. CAUTON Do not use cigar_ light~r rcccpt.ide s as power sources for any devices oth~r than the ~,gar lighters supplied with the airplane. Any other device plugged into these receptacles may be damaged. JSSl/ED : Jl/NE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984 REPORT : VB

108 , SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER STARTER a ACCESSORES AL TERNATOA FELD )- 5A (N LNE) STARTER SOLENOD STMTER _ r - 1 ']:! _ CGAR LGHTER CABN LGHT WARN LGHT LAMP TEST r EXTERNAL POWER SOLENOD ~ ; ~ EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE _ OPTONAL J, , t-- A~;-R;A;ORJ -:- SOURCE-POWER RELAY ENERGZNG CRCUT AMMETER MASTER SWTOi 1 ALTERNATOR AND STARTER SCHEMATC Figure 7-11 REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

109 .. J PPER ARCRAFr CORPORATON PA- 28 -S, CHEROKEE ARCHER l SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON -~ -~~ -~ =---= cc.. _;;;g;;g:ggg --- ) CRCUT BREAKER PANEL Figure 7-13 SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REPQRT: VB

110 L PJl'ER ARCRAFT CORJl()RAl'ON PA-l8-UH, llerokee ARCHER 11 SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON 7. 7 VACUUM SYSTEM d' ~he vucuum systom is dosigned to oporate the air driven gyro instruments. This includes the tl'cichonul unt.l attitude gyros when installed. The system consists of an engine driven vacuum pump, a vacuum rogulutor, u filtor und the ntlcessury plumbing. The vacuum pump is u dry type PlUnp which eliminates the need for an air/oil separator and its plumbing. A shear drive protects the pump from damage. f the drive shears, the gyros will become inoperative.. Th1.. vacuum gauge, mounted on the right instrurnen t panel to the right of the radios, provides valuable mforn1ution to the pilot ubout the op1m1tion of the vacuum system. A decrease in pressure in a system that has romaint d cons tun t over an ex tllndcd period may indicate a dirty filter, dirty screens, possibly a sticking vacuum regulator or leak in system (a low vacuum indicator light is provided in the annunciator panel). ~cro pressure would indicatll a sht!ared pump drive, defective pump, possibly a defective gauge or collapsed line. n the uvcnt of any gauge variation from the norm, the pilot should have a mechanic check the system to prevent possible damage to the system components or eventual failure of the system. A vacuum regulator is provided in the system to protect the gyros. The valve is set so the normal vacuum reads 5.0 ±. l inches of mercury, a setting which provides sufficient vacuum to operate all the gyros at their rated RPM. Higher settings will damage the gyros and with a low setting the gyros will be unreliable. The regulator is located behind the instrument panel and is accessible from below the instrument panel. SSUED: JUNE 18,

111 _, SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPoRATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 7.19 NSTRUMENT PANEL The instrument panel (Figure 7-15) of the '?herokee is desi~ed to accommod~te _the customary advanced flight instruments and the normally requrred power plant mstruments. The artificial horizon and directional gyro are vacuum operated through use of a vacuum pump installed on the engine, while the turn and bank instrument is electrically operated. A vacuum gauge is mounted on the far right side of the instrument panel. The radios and circuit breakers are on the right hand instrument panel. Extra circuits are provided for the addition of optional radio equipment. An annunciator panel is mounted in the upper instrument panel to warn the pilot of a possible malfunction in the alternator, oil pressure, or vacuum systems. REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

112 N2108C PA28-181, ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRPTON & OPERATON POH information su lement 7.19.A Davtron digital clock - Model MBOO Operation : Select GMT or Local Time or Elapsed Time with the SELECT button. The floating point in the display indicates the selection. Control the start and reset of the Elapsed Time with the CONTROL button. See settings to perform down counting. Settings: To set time : 1. Select GMT to set hours and minutes, 2. Then press SELECT and CONTROL buttons simultaneously, 3. Select the digit with the SELECT button, and control the value with the CONTROL button. 4. Press SELECT again to finish GMT settings. 5. Select LT to set local time hours, 6. Then press SELECT and CONTROL buttons simultaneously. 7. Select the digit with the SELECT button, and control the value with the CONTROL button. 8. Press SELECT again to finish LT settings. 9. T ime is now set and running. To set countdown timer : 1. Select ET to set time to count down from. 2. Then press SELECT and CONTROL buttons simultaneously. 3. Select the digit with the SELECT button, and control the value with the CONTROL button. Countdown is in MM:SS format. 4. Press SELECT again to finish countdown settings. 5. Press CONTROL to begin the countdown. End 7.19.A

113 M800 DGTAL CLOCK GREENWCH MEAN TME LOCAL TME ELAPSED TME - Count Up, Count Down, Alarm FEATURES Two button control system is natural and error free. Setting operations are identical for both alarm and time setting (US Patent 4,486,077). Greenwich Mean Time in 24 hour format. Local Time in 12 hour format, 24 hour option when ordering. -Elapsed Time counter, from one second to 99 hours, 59 minutes.. Elapsed Time countdown timer, from one second to one hour.. Elapsed Time visual alarm activated when countdown reaches zero.. Alarm flashes display and has external output for optional audio alarm.. Liquid Crystal Display has high contrast in bright sunlight. Display has a lighting system that provides uniform night illumination. The display has an ultraviolet filter to prevent sunlight damag e. The LCD used in the M800 has high humidity protection and uses a fluid operable over a wide temperature range.. A 4 MegaHertz crystal precision time reference. Page 1

114 MODEL 800 OPERATON ~h~ SEL_ button selects what is to be displayed on th e four digit window and the CTL button contro ls what is T erng displayed. Pressing select sequentially selects GMT, Local Time, Elapsed Time and back to GMT. e contro l button starts and resets Elapsed Time when momentarily pushed. Normal operation of the M800 1 :8nnot accidentally reset tim e. Setting GMT Select GMT for display in the four digit window with the SEL button. Simultan eously press both the select and contro l buttons to enter the set mode. The tens of hours digit will start flashing. The control button has full control of the flashing digit and each button push increments the digit. Once the tens of hour s is set th e select button selects the next digit to be set. After th e last digit has been selected and set with the contro l button, a final push of the select button exits the set mode. The lighted annunci ator will resume its normal flashing, indicating the GMT clock is running. Setting LT Select Local Time, LT, using the SEL button. Simultaneously push the SEL and CTL buttons to enter set mode. The tens of hour s digit will start flashing. The set operation is the same as for GMT, except that minutes are already synchronized with the GMT clock and cannot be set in Local Time. Test Mode Hold the SEL button for three seconds and the display will indicat e 88:88 and activate all four annunciators Elapsed Time Count Up Select Et for display. Pressing the CTL button will start ET counting. Elapsed Time counts up to 59 minutes, 59 seconds, and then switches to hours and minutes. t continues counting up to 99 hour s and 59 minutes. n essing the CTL button again resets to zero. Elapsed Time Count Down Select ET for display and enter by pressing both buttons. The countdown timer can now be set. Entering the time is identical to GMT time setting. When the time is entered and the last digit is no longer flashing the clock is ready to start the countdown. Momentarily pressing the CTL button starts the countdown. When the count reaches zero the display flashes and the external alarm is activated. Pressing either SEL or CTL will deactivate the alarm. ET continues counting up until the CTL button is pressed. Page2

115 ELECTRCAL Ji p,i;l TYP BlACK/Gr0t.1nd + SPECFCATONS Greenwich Mean Time: 24 hour format. Local Time : 12 hour format, 24 hour option offered. Elapsed Time Count Up: Starts in minutes, seconds then hours, minutes up to 99:59 hours. Elapsed Time Alarm: Activates at zero when counting down. nternal Light ing: 100 MA at 14 Volts, 50 MA at 28 Volts. Keep Alive Current:.0003 Amps. 14V,.001 Amps. 28V. :;:a-. '""'~ t:a~ oltage : 14V or 28V; specify when ordering Crystal Reference: -40C to +60C.001% Warranty: 1 year Price M800 PRCE: $ Standby battery $15.00 additional. 427 HLLCREST WAY REDWOOD CTY, CA Page 3

116 .-,~ ' ' CENTURY 11B AUTOPLOT FLGHT SYSTEM PLOT'S OPERATNG HANDBOOK MARCH S75

117 68S75 NOTCE This manual contains general nformation on the operation of the Century 118 Autopilot. Specific FAA Approved nformation on special techniques, limitations and emergency procedures of a particular model airplane are contained in either an Airplane Flight Manual Supplement or a Limitations Placard. Be sure and famlllarlze yourself with the information contained, therein, before flight. CAUTON This autopilot system uses the pilot's panel mounted heading and attitude gyros for sensing. n the event of a gyro failure or a vacuum (or air) supply system failure, autopilot operation must not be attempted. 2

118 J 68S75 NTRODUCTON The Century Flight Systems, nc. Century 118 is a light weight automatic flight system utilizing an advanced electronic design for maximum performance and utility. Operating on the versatile 5000 cycle audio frequency, the Century 118 represents a design concept, pioneered by Century Flight Systems, nc., in which the conventional follow-up or control position feedback signals are replaced by solid state analytical computers. n addition to providing a more stable and adaptable platform, the new system can cope with uneven fuel loads and directional mistrim without the usual directional errors. Roll responses are time controlled for human-like control action and smooth heading changes. This manual describes the basic characteristics of each function and its relationship to other functions on the flight system. Maximum utility will be realized after familiarization and practice. 3

119 68S75 TABLE OF CONTENTS CAUTON AND NOTCE... 2 NTRODUCTON TABLE OF CONTENTS... 4 DESCRPTON OF COMMAND FUNCTONS AUTOPLOT COMMAND CONSOLE... 3 ROLL ENGAGEMENT... 4 ROLL COMMAND KNOB HEADNG MODE COURSE SELECTOR D.G LATERAL GUDANCE SYSTEM COUPLER MODE SELECTOR OMN MODE NAVMODE HEADNG MODE... 8 LOCALZER - NORMAL MODE LOCALZER - REVERSE MODE GENERAL OPERA TNG NSTRUCTONS PREFLGHT NSTRUCTONS AUTOPLOT ENGAGE SYSTEM LATERAL GUDANCE SYSTEM OPERATON VOR NAVGATON VOR APPROACH LS APPROACH - NORMAL LS APPROACH - REVERSE (BACK COURSE) ARCRAFT TRM EFFECTS AR FLTER NFORMATON NOTES CENTURY FLGHT SYSTEMS, NC. AUTOPLOT WARRANTY

120 68S75 COMMAND CONSOLE FG.1 The Century 11B Console is designed to provide convenient finger tip command of the basic roll and heading functions. The lucite panel incorporates optically engineered night lighting with revisions for dimming control through the standard aircraft rheostat. 5

121 68S75 FG.2 ROLL (ALERON) ENGAGEMENT The Century 11B incorporates a fail safe electrical engage and disengage mechanism in the roll servo which is operated by the A/P ON-OFF Rocker Switch in the console. When only this switch is engaged, the autopilot is responsive to the roll command knob on the center console = FG.3 ROLL COMMAND KNOB The roll command knob may be used to maneuver the aircraft up to approximately 30 of bank right or left. The centered position represents approximate wings level flight. When the Heading mode switch is engaged the roll knob is removed from the autopilot circuit and is ineffective. 6

122 . '. 68S75 HEADNG MODE - = The heading mode rocker switch is used when turning the aircraft to a preselected heading on the Course Selector D.G. or when conducting course intercepts or tracking. Activating this switch removes the roll command knob from the autopilot circuit and adds the D.G. heading and FG.4 coupler functions as basic autopilot inputs. The Course Selector D.G. and coupler mode selector should be set prior to engagement of the heading mode. (See Section on Coupler Operations when optional coupler is installed). COURSE SELECTOR D.G. The course selector D.G. replaces the standard directional gyro and provides a fully visible, 360 course indication. The D.G. dial is marked in 5 intervals and, numbered each 30 around its azimuth. A center indice is i provided at the top to align selected headings. Additional indices are located each 45 to facilitate rapid tum, selection without mental arithmetic. Any heading may be selected, either before or after engagement, and turns up FG.5 to 160 may be programmed directly, either right or left. f the course selector indicator is rotated beyond 180 from the D.G. card heading, the autopilot will tum in the shortest direction to reach the selected heading. n normal operation the maximum bank in HDG mode is 20. The D.G. card is set with the caging knob on the left of the instrument and the course selector indicator is rotated by the HDG. knob on the right. Direction of response to rotation for both knobs is conventional. ) 7

123 68S75 LATERAL GUDANCE SYSTEM FG. 6 COUPLER MODE SELECTOR The Century flight Systems, nc. Lateral Guidance System contains a completely automatic, analog computer that directs the autopilot in both VOR and!ls navigation. The system contains a five position coupler mode selector switch which mounts in the instrument panel. Nominal interception angels are 45 and an automatic 15 crosswind correction capability is provided. The complete capture, intercept and tracking sequence is accomplished automatically without monitoring or multiple switching. 8

124 .K i..,.,.,, \ / /~~ '' (_ Figure S75 OMN MODE \Nhen in the OMN MODE position, the system is coupled to the Omni Bearing ndicator. To select a desired course for interceptor tracking, always set both the OMN course Selector and the D.G. Course ndicator to the desired course. All headings will then be controlled by the OMN radio signals. A full deflection on the OMN ndicator will produce a 45 interception angle. With less than full deflection, the system will automatically direct a smooth, tangential intercept to arrive over the radial with crosswind correction established. The same dynamic intercept is accomplished whether 2 miles or maximum reception distance from station. Below approximately 2 miles autopilot bank limitations will allow a slight overshoot of the selected radial. Figure 8 NAVMODE NAV Mode operation is initiated in the same manner and serves the same functions as Omni Mode. The NAV, however, incorporates an extended time delay in the computer circuitry which reduces reaction to short term needle deflections. The NAV Mode is recommended for enroute navigation or anytime autopilot response to short term needle deflections becomes excessive. The NAV Mode should not be used for close in VOR approach work, as close in work requires the proportioned dynamic response provided by the Omni Mode. 9

125 , 0,,.0 / '"al «.. J. \ /,C 0 0 Figure 9 68$75 HEADNG MODE When in the HOG mode the Century 11B Autopilot will function as described on pages 4 and 5 of this manual. Figure 10 LOCALZER (Nonnal) MODE n the LOC Norm mode, the system adjusts its sensitivity to accommodate the 5 localizer course width. Since the localizer course width is only 1 /4 as wide as the nominal omni indication, additional damping circuits are included to produce smoother, more optimum intercept and track maneuvers. ntercept angels of 45 are automatic with tangential intercepts outside the outer marker and automatic crosswind correction. As with the Omni Mode, the Course Selector D.G. must be set to correspond with the desired magnetic course. Figure 11 LOCALZER (Reverse) MODE The Century Flight Systems, nc. Lateral Guidance System is equipped with the Localizer Reverse feature to permit automatic back course approaches and to allow outbound tracking on the Front Course prior to procedure turn. The features of LOC-REV are identical to the LOC NORM except that the aircraft will fly away from the Localizer ndicator Needle instead of toward it. When using the LOC-REV mode, the Course Selector ndicator must be set to the reciprocal of the Front Course heading. JO

126 68S75 GENERAL OPERATONS T~e Century 11B and optional coupler are FAA approved on each make and model aircraft under a "Supplemental Type Certificate" STC There are no restrictions to operations in turbulence and as a general rule autopilot operation in turbulence will result in smoother operation. Autopilot operating limitations and any special limitations will be specified on the Limitations Placard or in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement. This should be carefully read and understood. Autopilot override forces are adjusted to the servo power output requirements of each particular aircraft. The autopilot may be overridden by the pilot without damage to the system. NOTE: Only Century Flight Systems, nc. trained specialists at approved service centers should adjust servo torque outputs. PLOT'S PREFLGHT PROCEDURE 1. With engines running and gyros erected, check vacuum readings. Should be 4.75" to 5.00" HG. 2. With the autopilot off, place coupler mode selector on HOG. position. Center roll knob and D.G. course selector indicator. 3. Engage roll switch, rotate roll command knob left and right and note that the control wheel responds in the proper direction. 4. Engage the heading mode switch and rotate course selector indicator to either side. Note roll servo response; again, without aerodynamic response, servo action is unlimited. 5. Override the autopilot at the control wheel in both directions. Force required should be approximately 15 lbs. At wheel edge dependent upon aircraft model. 6. Disengage autopilot before takeoff. AUTOPLOT ENGAGE SEQUENCE (N FLGHT) 1. Trim aircraft to a wings level flight attitude. 2. Center roll knob and engage autopilot "ON" switch. 3. f navigation mode selector is installed select "HOG" mode. 4. Center D.G. course selector indicator and engage heading mode switch. LATERAL GUDANCE SYSTEM OPERATON Perform Steps 1-4 above then continue below: 5. Match course selector indicator to selected VOR or LS course. 6. Select Lateral Guidance Mode desired. 11

127 68S75 VOR NAVGATON (See Fig. 12) 1. TO NTERCEPT A Using Omni Bearing Selector (OBS) dial desired course, inbound or outbound. B. Set identical heading on course Selector D.G. C. After aircraft has stabilized, position coupler mode selector knob to OMN mode. NOTE f aircraft is positioned less than 45 from selected radial aircraft will intercept before station. f more than 45, interception will occur after station passage. D. As aircraft nears selected radial, interception and crosswind correction will be automatically accomplished without further switching. E. As the aircraft nears the OMN station, (1/2 mile) the zone of confusion will direct an "S" turn in alternate directions as the OMN indicator needle swings. This alternate banking, is an indication that station passage is imminent. 2. TO SELECT NEW COURSE A To select any outbound course or radial, dial the new course into the Course Selector D.G. B. Rotate OBS to the same course. C. Aircraft will automatically tum, to the interception heading for the new course. 3. TO CHANGE STATONS A f same course is desired, merely tune receiver to new station frequency. B. f different course is desired, position coupler mode selector to HOG mode. C. Dial Course Selector D.G. to new course. D. Dial OBS to new course. E. Position mode selector to OMN mode. 12

128 J 68S75 VOR NAVGATON 0 21-' i + N ,..., FG

129 68S75 VOR APPROACH (See Fig. 13) 1. Track inbound to station as described in VOR Navigation Section. 2. At station passage dial outbound course on Course Selector O.G. and on OBS. 3. After established on outbound radial, position coupler mode selector to HOG mode and select outbound procedure turn heading. 4. To turn inbound, dial inbound procedure turn heading on Course Selector O.G. dialing in desired direction of turn. Set OBS to inbound course. 5. When turned to within go 0 or inbound course, dial Course Selector ndicator to inbound course and position coupler mode selector to OMN mode. j 6. f holding pattern is desired, position mode selector to HOG mode at station passage inbound and select outbound head ing in direction of turn. 7. To turn inbound, dial inbound course on Course Selector inbound. 8. When turned to within go 0 of inbound radial, position coupler mode selector on OMN mode. ~ ) NOTE For precise tracking over Omni Station, without "S" turn, position coupler mode selector on HOG until station passage ") 14

130 68S75 VOR APPROACH ~ N i FG.13 15

131 S75 LS APPROACH- NORMAL (See Fig.14) 1. To ntercept Outbound: A. Dial LS Southbound course on Course Selector D.G. B. When stabilized ; position mode selector to LOC REV mode. 2. For Procedure Turn: A. Following outbound course interception and when beyond outer marker, position mode selector to HOG and dial outbound procedure tum heading. B. To turn inbound, dial inbound procedure turn heading in direction of turn. 3. When within 90 of LS inbound course, dial inbound course on Course Selector D.G. and position mode selector to LOC NORM mode. 4. At the Decision Height (DH), or when missed approach is elected, position mode selector to HOG mode and execute missed approach procedure. 16

132 68S75 LS APPROACH- NORMAL +1 4 LMM f LOM 28 3 ) FG.14 17

133 68S75 LS APPROACH- BACK COURSE (See Fig. 15) 1. To ntercept Back Course Outbound : A. Dial LS Front Course head ing on Course Selector D.G. B. When stabilized, position mode selector to LOC NORM mode. 2. For Procedure Turn : A After interception and when beyond final approach fix, position mode selector to HOG and dial outbound procedure turn heading. B. To turn inbound, dial inbound procedure turn heading in direction of turn. 3. When within 90 of inbound course, dial inbound course on Course Selector D. G. and position mode selector on LOC REV mode. 4. Position mode selector to HOG mode to prevent s turn over LS station near runway threshold. 5. Execute missed approach procedure. 18

134 68S75 LS APPROACH - BACK COURSE 1A/B FG.15 19

135 68S75 CAUTON When electrical power is first applied to the NSD-360A instrument, the compass card may rotate or "slew" rapidly. This is NOT an indication that the compass system is orienting itself to the proper magnetic heading. The proper heading orientation must be verified and set prior to takeoff and should be verified prior to approach to landing using the magnetic compass. \ CAUTON The NSD has an optional slaving feature that requires initial heading setting on start-up. Subsequent resetting of the heading card, required manually on non-slaved versions, is automatically accomplished with the slaved version. Proper heading synchronization must be verified on both nonslaved and slaved NSD-360A units. This is accomplished by comparing the heading displayed under the lubber line with the magnetic compass... The NSD-360A incorporates a heading warning flag to warn of loss of either air or electronic power. Appearance of the flag during flight should be sufficient grounds to question the validity of the displayed heading. n slaved versions, the slaving meter should oscillate about a 45 point to show that the slaving circuits are accomplishing their function. Should the needle remain motionless or either vertical or horizontal for an extended period (two minutes) in level flight, the heading should be manually set using the magnetic compass and the performance of the heading card observed. f this condition persists, set the slaving mode switch to SL#2 on free gyro. n free gyro mode, the instrument must be periodically reset to manually counteract the effects of gyro precession. 20

136 68S75 ARCRAFT TRM EFFECTS RGHT BANK REAR VEW FG. 16 An important point to remember is that while the Century JB Autopilot is maintaining heading the airplane should never fly with a wing low. This statement applies equally to an airplane without an autopilot. Consider the effect of rudder trim in the above drawing (Fig. 16). Viewing the airplane from the rear, note that with left rudder applied the right wind must be lowered to offset the rudder effect and keep the heading constant, i.e., the left turn effect of the rudder is canceled by the right turn effect of the bank. Since the autopilot is slaved to heading this is exactly what it will do in order to hold a heading when the rudder is out of trim. Thus when operating on autopilot heading mode, if the aircraft flies with one wing low while maintaining heading, this indicates the rudder trim is required in the direction of the low wing. 21

137 68S75 AR FLTER AJR FLTER AND ELEMENT The Century flight Systems, nc. 1X314 central air filter is incorporated on all 3" gyro systems with the exception of aircraft with original equipment filters of like quality. The 1X314 filter system uses the 51A5 replaceable filter element which is capab le of removing 97% of all contaminating substances above 3 microns. This includes tobacco tars that would otherwise be harmful to bearings and vanes. Because of this exceptional filtering ability contaminants tend to accumulate at higher rate than in other types. t is therefore considered necessary that filter elements be replaced at each 100 hour period and that filters subjected to tobacco tars, industrial smoke and like environment, be inspected each 50 hours for possible replacement. Gyro warranty is dependent upon following this procedure. 22

138 , 68S75 Effective: July 4, 1975 LMTED WARRANTY CENTURY FLGHT SYSTEMS, NC. AUTOPLOT Each new Century Flight Systems, nc. Autopilot is warranted by the manufacturer to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use, subject to the following conditions: 1. Century Flight Systems, nc. Will through its designated service facilities at its option either repair or replace new components which, shall within (12 months after date of installation, be found, to Century Flight Systems, nc. Satisfaction, to have been defective in material or workmanship under normal use. 2. The warranty registration must be signed and returned to Century Flight Systems, nc. within ten days of equipment installation date. n the event that the registration card is not returned within this time, the date of shipment from the factory will be deemed to be the installation date. 3. This warranty will not apply to any product which has been installed, repaired, or altered in any way whatsoever in Century Flight Systems, nc. Opinion to adversely affect its performance or _reliability, or which has been subject to mis-use, c;;ontamination,-negligence, or accident. 4. Cost of transportation, removal or reinstallation are at the option of Century Flight Systems, nc. 5. This is Century Flight Systems, nc. sole express warranty with respect to the goods supplied herein. CENTURY FLGHT SYSTEMS, NC. MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY OF ANY KND WHATSOEVER. CENTURY FLGHT SYSTEMS, NC. EMPLOYEES MAY HAVE MADE ORAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE PRODUCTS DESCRBED N THS CONTRACT. SUCH STATEMENTS DO NOT CONSTTUTE WARRANTES, SHALL NOT BE RELED UPON BY THE CUSTOMER, AND ARE NOT PART OF THE SALE CONTRACT. 6. THE DURATON OF ANY MPLED WARRANTY, AND OF ALL WARRANTES OF MERCHANTABLTY AND FTNESS FOR A PARTCULAR PURPOSE, SHALL BE LMTED TO (12) MONTHS COMMENCNG AT DATE OF NSTALLATON TO THE FULL EXTENT PERMTED BY APPLCABLE LAW, CONSEQUENTAL DAMAGE OF BREECH OF ANY WARRANTY ARE HEREBY DSCLAMED AND EXCLUDED BY CENTURY FLGHT SYSTEMS, NC. Century Flight Systems, nc. P.O. Box 610 Municipal Airport Mineral Wells. Texas August

139 Vl ~ li:l ~ '- ~ -.?O -\0... ' z Cll...;i 'Tl ::,::, ~- c:: ~ ~ ttl -..J 2:...;i -V, ;: 2: ttl t""" ~:Jil ~i ;>.-$ ~E ~:;l S8.,., ~ >o g: trl ::l t::: z ::,;,o ~ 0 ::,::, ~ <... tjt' \ i i & 1. CLOCK 2. TURN NDCATOR 3. ARSPEED NDCATOR 4. DRECTONAL GYRO 5. ATTTUDE GYRO 6. VERTCAL SPEED NDCATOR 7. ALTMETER 8. ANNUNCATOR PANEL 9. MAGNETC COMPASS 10. OMN & GLDE SLOPE NDCATORS 11. TRANSPONDER 12. MARKER BEACON 13. AUDO SELECTOR PANEL 14. VHF TRANSCEVERS j j7 15. ADF RECEVER 16. DME RECEVER 17. ENGNE HOUR METER 18. SUCTON GAUGE 19. HEAT & DEFROST CONTROL 20. CGAR LGHTER 21. MKEJACK 22. PHONE JACK 23. AUTOPLOT 24. ENGNE NSTRUMENT CLUSTER 25. OMN COUPLER 26. NAVSWTCH 27. MAGNETO& STARTER SWTCH 28. PTCH CON T ROL j 9 J MANFOLD PRESSURE GAUGE 30. TACHOMETER 31. FUEL GAUGES 32. PRMER 33. MCROPHONE 34. THROTTLE QUADRANT 35. FRCTON LOCK 36. CARBURETOR HEAT CONTROL 37. EGT NDCATOR 38. NSTRUMENT PANEL LGHTS 39. CRCUT BREAKER PANEL 40. CLMATE CONTROL 0 rr, ~ ~ 0 z ~ 0 0 ~~ ~ _o r:q oz Z...i ~:\'

140 ) SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER U 7.21 PTOT-STATC SYSTEM The system supplies both pitot and static pressure for th e airspeed indi cator, altim eter and th. optional vertical speed indicator (Figure 7-17). ' c Pitot and static pressur~ ~ picked up by a pitot head install ed on the bottom of the left wing and carried through pitot and static lines within th e wing and fuselag e to the gauges on the instrument panel. An alternate st atic source is available as optional equipment. Th e control valve is located below the left side of the instrument panel. When th e valve is set in th e alternat e position, the altimeter, verti cal speed indicator and airspeed indicator will be using cabin air for static pressure. The storm window and cabin vents must be closed and the cabin heater and defroster must be on during alternate static source operation. The altimeter error is less than SO feet unless otherwise placarded. Both the pitot and static lines can be drained through separate drain valves located on th e left lower side of the fuselage interior. A heated pitot head, which alleviates problems with icing and heavy rain, is available as optional equipment. The switch for the heated pitot head is located on the ele ctrical swit ch panel to the left of the right control wh eel. T prevent bugs and water from entering the pitot and static pressure hol es, a cover shoul~ be placed over ~ pitot head. A partially or completely blocked pitot head will give erratic or zero readings on the instruments. NOTE During th e preflight, check to make sure the pitot cover is removed. REPORT : VB SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JUL y 12, 1977

141 =-a-.-,-...-ei=::_::= ~- PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-l8, CHEROKEE ARCHER SEC1ON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON \ \ \ \ / /\ \ \ / \~}, \, \' \ _\ \ \\ \ PTOT-STATC SYSTEM Figure 7-17 SSUED : JUNE 18,

142 SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER n 1 \"' / N~... lftl0... 0\0-N \ ' "' / '-'-:. :"' ', : / ' ( '.J HEATNG AND VENTLATNG SYSTEM Figure SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976

143 PPER Al-R PA l CCHE RAFT CORPORATON ROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON?.lJ HEATNG AND VENTLATNG SYSTEM ex J Hea t fo r ti le. <.:abm. mt. iau st system (F 7 enor and U1e def roster system ts provid ed by a heater muff atta ched to the far right sid e of th ~re -J 9). The amoun t o f heat desired can be regulated with the con trols located on the e lilstrument panel. The air llow can be regulated betw een th e d u c ts next to the conso le. front and rear seats by levt:rs located on top of the heat located Fre~h on air th e inle side ts of are the locacabin ted in the ea d mg. e d ge O f t h e wa.ng ne_ar the fuselage. An adjustable outlet is op ti ona l... near th e floo r a t each seat locat1on overhead air outlets are offered as in. co rp o rat eq ed uipment in the. ventilatin Air 1s exhausted s th. ro~ g.h an_ ou tj e_ t un d ~r the ' re~r seat. A cabin air blower, ventilatin... g _ystem, is _ ajso _available as optionaj eqwp ment. An op tional overhead g sys tem w1tj1 a cabw au blo wer 1s availab le on models witho t,.,o "M.:r operated b "F A N"' h. u au con u.1 onmg.,11..,. bl ower is Ya sw1tc with 4 positions - ''OFF," "LO W," " M ED," or " HGH." CAUTO N When cab in heat is op erat ed, h~t du ct surfa ce becom es hot. Thi.s cou ld result an bum s if arm s or legs are placed too close to heat du ct outle ts o r surfac e CABN FEATURES F or ease of entry and exit and pilo t-passenger co mfort, the front seat s are adjus table fore and aft. The rear seat s ma y be removed to p rovide room for bu lky item s. Rear sea t installations incorporate leg retainers with latching me chanism s which mus t be released before the rear seats can be removed. Releasing the -ctainer s is accomplished o n ea rlier mod els by turning the latching m echani sms 90 with a co in or cre wd rive r. Relea sing the re tainers is acco mpli shed on lat er mode ls by depr essing th e plunger behind each ear leg. Ann rests are also provided for th e front sea ts. AJ sca ts are available with op tional head rests and ptional vertical adjust ment may be add~d to the front sea ts. T he cabin in terior incl udes a p ilot stonn xket s o n the ba c ks of each fron t scat. wind o w, tw o sun visors, ash tr ays. two map pockets, and A single strap sh ou lder harness co ntroll ed by an ine rtia reel is standard equipment for th~ front seats. J h o ffer ed as an option fo r the n. a r sca ts. The sho uld er strap is ro~ t~d ove r tl~e shoulder adjacen t to the 1dow s an d a tt ache d to the lap belt in th e gene ral an a of th e person s inboard hip. d h lli harply on the stra p The reel will Jock in A chec k of th e mertw ree l m ech ani sm 1s ma c Y pu ng s. d ;e und e r thi s test :m<l prevent t11e strap from ex tending. Under nonna l mov ement the st rap will ex ten re tr ac t as required. D. JUNE ~EV : J ULY

144 PPERARc PA CRAFrHE CORPORATON ' ROKEE ARCHER - SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON lieatn G AND VENTLATNG SYSTEM Heat for tj1c. b'. h ca m mterior and the d f? ~ust ~stem (Figure 7-19). The amount o~~ostcr s~stem JS provided by a heater muff attached to the ar nght side of the instrument panel. eat desi red can be regulated with the controls located on the The air flow can be regulated betwcc ducts next to the console. n tie front and rear seats by levers located on top of the heat Fresh air inlets are located in the le d d. located on the side of the cab ha mg e ge of the wmg ne_ar the fuselage. An adjustable outlet is optional equipment Air. ~ near t e floor at each seat location ; overhead air outlets are offered as incorporated in the ventil~~ine aus t ed ~rough ~ outlet und~r the rear seat. A cabin air blower, ventilating s ste 'th. g ~Y st em, S_ also _available as optional equipment. An optional overhead 0 e Y" m ~!? cab~ au blower 1s available on models without air conditioning. This blower is P rated by a FAN switch with 4 positions - "OFF" "WW" "MED " "HGH",,, or. CAlJfON When cabin heat is operated, heat duct surface becomes hot. This could result in bums if anns or legs are placed too close to heat duct outlets or surface CABN FEATURES For ease of entry and exit and pilot-passenger comfort, the front seats are adjustable fore and aft. The rear seats may be removed to provide room for bulky items. Rear seat installations incorporate leg retainers with latching mechanisms which must be released before the rear seats can be removed. Releasing the retainers is accomplished on earlier models by turning the latching mechanisms 90 with a coin or screwdriver. Releasing the retainers is accomplished on later models by depressing the plunger behind each rear leg. Annrests are also provided for the front seats. All seats are available with optional headrests and optional vertical adjustment may be added to the front seats. The cabin interior includes a pilot stonn window, two sun visors, ash trays, two map pockets, and pockets on the backs of each front seat. A single strap shoulder harness controlled by an inertia ree~ is standard equipment for th~ front seats, and is offered as an option for the rear seats. The shoulder strap S ro~t~d over t~e shoulder adjacent to the windows and attached to the lap belt in the general area of the persons mboard hip. A check of the inertia reel mechanism is made by pulling sharply on the strap. The reel w~ lock in place under this test and prevent the strap from extending. Under nonnal movement the strap will extend and retract as required. --~... u rne 18,

145 SECTON 7 DESCRYflON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER U 7.27 BAGGAGE AREA A 24 cubic foot baggage area, located behind the rear seats, is accessible either_ fr~m the cabin or through an outside baggage door on the right side?f the aircraft. Maximum capacity 1s 200 pound s. --- Tie-down straps are provided and should be used at all times. " ) NOTE t is the pilot's responsibility to be sure when the baggage is loaded that the aircraft C.G. falls within the allowable C.G. Range (refer to Section 6 - Weight and Balance) STALL WARNNG An approaching stall is indicated by a stall warning horn which is activated between five and ten knots above stall speed. Mild airframe buffeting and gentle pitching may also P.recede the stall. Stall speeds are shown on graphs in the Performance Section. The stall warning horn emits a continuous sound and is activated by a lift detector installed on the leading edge of the left wing. During preflight, the stall warning system should be checked by turning the master switch "ON," lifting the detector and checking to detennine if the horn is actuated FNSH All exterior surfaces are primed with etching primer and finished with acrylic lacquer. ) REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984

146 - ;PER ARCRAFT CORPORATON A-2B-S, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON 7 33 AR CONDTONNG The air d. d con 1t10nmg system 1s a recirculating air system. The maj or items include : evaporator, con enser, com pressor, bl ower, sw1tc. 1es and temperature controls.. Tdhe ev~porator is located behind the left rear side of the baggage compartment. This cools the air that is use for arr conditioning. f The condenser is mounted on a retractable scoop located on the bottom of the fuselage and to the rear o th e b~~age compartment area. The scoop extends when the air conditioner is "ON" and retracts to a flush position when the system is "OFF." ). The compressor is mounted on the forward right underside of the engine. t has an electric clutch which automatically engages or disengages the compressor to the belt drive system of the compressor. An electrical blower is mounted on the aft side of the rear cabin panel. Air from the baggage area is drawn through the evaporator by the blower and distributed through an overhead duct to individual outlets located adjacent to each occupant. The switches and temperature control are located on the lower right side of the instrument panel in the climate control center panel. The temperature control regulates the desired temperature of the cabin. Turn the control clockwise for increased cooling, counterclockwise for decreased cooling. Located inboard of the temperature control is the fan speed switch and the air conditioning " ON-OFF" switch. The fan can be operated independently of tl1e air conditioning. However, it must be on for air conditioner operation. Turning either switch off will disengage the compressor clutch and retract the condenser door. Cooling air should be felt within one minute after the air conditioner is turned on. A circuit breaker located on the circuit breaker panel protects the air conditioning electrical system. compressor and retracts the scoop. This is done to obtain maximum power and maximum rate of climb. NOTE f the system is not operating in 5 minutes, tum the system "OFF" until the fault is corrected. The "FAN" switch allows operation of the fan with the air conditioner turned "OFF " to aid cabin air circulation if desired. A "LOW, " "MED" or "HGH" flow of air can be selected to the air conditioner outlets located in the overhead duct. The outlets can be adjusted or turned off by each occupant to regulate individual cooling effect. The " DOOR OPEN" indicator light is located to the left of the radio stack in front of the pilot. The light illuminates whenever the condenser door is open and remains on until the door is closed. Whenev er the throttle is in the full throttle position, it actuates a micro switch which disengages the The fan continues to operate and the air will remain cool for approximately one minute. When the throttle is re tard ed approximately 1/4 inch, the clutch will engage and the scoo p will extend, again supplying cool, dry air. *Optional eq uipment JSSV ED : JUNE 18, 976 REPORT : VB

147 SECTON 7 DESCRPTON AND OPERATON PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 7.35 PPER EXTERNAL POWER* An optional starting installation known as Piper External Power (PEP) is accessible through a receptacle located on the right side of the fuselage aft o~ the ~ing. An e~ ternal b~ttery can be conn_ected to the socket, thus allowing the operator to crank the engme without havmg to gam access to the airplane's battery EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMTTER* The Emergency Locator Transmitter (EL T) when installed, is located int he aft portion of the fuselage just below the stabilator leading edge and is accessible through a plate on the right side of the fuselage. This plate is attached with slotted-head nylon screws for ease of removal; these screws may be readily removed with a variety of common items such as a dime, a key, a knife blade, etc. f there are no tools available in an emergency the screw heads may be broken off by any means. The EL Tis an emergency locator transmitter which meets the requirements of FAR A battery replacement date is marked on the transmitter to comply with FAA regulations, the battery must be replaced on or before this date. The battery must also be replaced if the transmitter has been used in an emergency situation or if the accumulated test time exceeds one hour, or if the unit has been inadvertently activated for an undetermined time period. NARCO ELT JO OPERATON NOTE f for any reason a test transmission is necessary, the test transmission should be conducted only in the first five minutes of any hour and limited to three audio sweeps. f the tests must be made at any other time, the tests should be coordinated with the nearest FAA tower or flight service station. On the ELT unit itself is a three position switch placarded "ON," "OFF'' and "ARM." The ARM position sets the EL Tso that it will transmit after impact and will continue to transmit until its battery is drained. The ARM position is selected when the EL T is installed in the airplane and it should remain in that position. To use the ELT as a portable unit in an emergency, remove the cover and unlatch the unit from its mounting base. The antenna cable is disconnected by a left quarter-turn of the knurled nut and a pull. A sharp tug on the two small wires will break them loose. Deploy the self-contained antenna by pulling the plastic tab marked "PULL FULLY TO EXTEND ANTENNA." Move the switch to ON to activate the transmitter.,, n t~e event the transmitter is activated by an impact, it can only be turned off by moving the switch on the ELT unit to OFF. Normal operation can then be restored by pressing the small clear plastic reset button located on the top of the front face.of the EL T and then moving the switch to ARM. '_:) ~ P!lot's remote switch located on the left side panel is provided to allow the transmitter to be turned on from inside the cabin. The pilot's remote switch is placarded "ON" and "ARM ED." The switch is normally in ~~ ARMED P?sitio? Moving the switch to ON will activate the transmitter. Moving the switch back to the MED pos1t1on will turn off the transmitter only if the impact switch has not been activated. / _), *Optional equipment 7-24 ~UED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: APRL 13, 1979

148 ;~ER ARCRAFT CORPORATON -2S-lSl, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 7 DESCRWflON AND OPERATON Chec~h; EL T s_hould be checked to make ~ertain the unit has not been activated during the ground check. have b Y selec_ting MHz on an operating receiver. f there is an oscillating chirping sound, the EL T may movin e~~ acti~ated and should be turned off immediately. This requires removal of the access cov~r and rec. g e switch to OFF, then press the reset button and return the switch to ARM. Recheck with the eiver to ascertain the transmitter is silent. CCC CR 11-2 OPERATON.?n ~he unit itself is a three position selector switch placarded "OFF" "ARM" and "ON." The ARM posi~wn is provided to set the unit to the automatic position so that it will t~ansmit only after impact and will con _tj_nue to transmit until the battery is drained to depletion or until the switch is manually moved to the OFF position. : Th e ARM.. position.. 1s selected when the transmitter 1s installed at the factory and the switch shou d. remain m that position whenever the unit is installed in the airplane. The ON position is provided so the unit can _ be_ used as a portable transmitter or in the event the automatic feature was not triggered by impact or to penod1cally test the function of the transmitter. Select the OFF position when changing the battery, when rearming the unit if it has been activated for any reason. or to discontinue transmission. NOTE j f the switch has been placed in the ON position for any reason, the OFF position has to be selected before selecting ARM. f ARM is selected directly from the ON position, the unit will continue to transmit in the ARM position. A pilot's remote switch, located on the left side panel, is provided to allow the transmitter to be controlled from inside the cabin. The pilot's remote switch is placarded "ON,""AUTO / ARM" and "OFF / RESET."The switch is normally left in the AUTO / ARM position. To turn the transmitter off, move the switch momentarily to the OFF / RESET position. The aircraft master switch must be ON to turn the transmitter OFF. To actuate the transmitter for tests or other reasons, move the switch upward to the ON position and leave it in that position as long as transmission is desired. The unit is equipped with a portable antenna to allow the locator to be removed from the aircraft in case of an emergency and used as a portable signal transmitter. ij) The locator should be checked during the ground check to make certain the unit has not been accidentally activated. Check by tuning a radio receiver to MHz. f there is an oscillating sound, the locator may have been activated and should be turned off immediately. Reset to the ARM position and check again to insure against outside interference. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: APRL 13,

149 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTON 8 ARPLANE HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE Paragraph No. Page No. 8.J J General Airplane nspection Periods Preventive Maintenance Airplane Alterations Ground Handling Engine Air Filter Brake Service Landing Gear Service Propeller Service Oil Requirements Fuel System Tire nflation Battery Service...." Cleaning Cold Weather Operation REPORT : VB i

150 ;yer ARCRAFT CORPORATON -28-l 8l, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE SECTON 8 ARPLANE HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE 8. GENERAL Ar This section provides general guidelines relating to the handling servicing and maintenance of the c her. ' S. Every owner should stay in close contact with his Piper dealer or distributor and Authorized Piper ~Mee Center to obtain the latest information pertaining to his aircraft and to avail himself of the Piper Aircraft Service Back-up. Pi!'er_ Aircraft Corporation takes a continuing interest in having the owner get the most efficient use f~om. his aircraft and keeping it in the best mechanical condition. Consequently, Piper Aircraft from time to time issues Service Bulletins, Service Letters and Service Spares Letters relating to the aircraft. Service Bulletins are of special importance and should be complied with promptly. These are sent to the latest registered owners, distributors and dealers. Depending on the nature of the bulletin, material and labor allowances may apply, and will be addressed in the body of the Bulletin. Service Letters deal with product improvements and service hints pertaining to the aircraft. They are sent to dealers, distributors and occasionally (at the factory's discretion) to latest registered owners, so they can properly service the aircraft and keep it up to date with the latest changes. Owners should give careful attention to the Service Letter information. Service Spares Letters offer improved parts, kits and optional equipment which were not available originally and which may be of interest to the owner. f an owner is not having his aircraft serviced by an Authorized Piper Service Center, he should periodically check with a Piper dealer or distributor to find out the latest information to keep his aircraft up to date. Piper Aircraft Corporation has a Subscription Service for the Service Bulletins, Service Letters and Service Spares Letters. This service is offered to interested persons such as owners, pilots and mechanics at a nominal fee, and may be obtained through Piper dealers and distributors. A service manual, parts catalog, and revisions to both, are available from your Piper dealer or distributor. Any correspondence regarding the airplane should include the airplane model and serial number to insure proper response. SSUED: JUNE 18,

151 ,, - PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-28-S, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE S.J ARPLANE NSPECilON PERODS th The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) occasionally publishes Airworthiness Directives (ADs) t. at f _PP_ly to specific groups of aircraft. They are mandatory changes and are to be complied with within a 1 f~e mit_set by the FAA. When an AD is issued. it is sent hy the FAA to the latest registered ownerofthe ~ ected aircraft and also to subscribers of their service. The owner should periodically check with his Piper ealer or A & P mechanic to see whether he has the latest issued AD against his aircraft.. Th7 Owner Service Agreement which the owner receives upon delivery of the aircraft should be kept in t~e a_ircraft at all times. This identifies him to authorized Piper dealer s and entitles the owner to receive service in accordance with the regular service agreement terms. This agreement also entitles the transient owner full warranty by any Piper dealer in the world.. O?e hundred hour inspections are required by law if the aircraft is used commercially. Otherwise this mspection is left to the discretion of the owner. This inspection is a complete check of the aircraft and its systems, and should be accomplished by a Piper Authorized Service Center or by a qualified aircraft and power plant mechanic who owns or works for a reputable repair shop. The inspection is listed, in detail, in the inspection report of the appropriate Service Manual. An annual inspection is required once a year to keep the Airworthiness Certificate in effect. t is the same as a 100-hour inspection except that it must be signed by an nspection Authorized (A) mechanic or a General Aviation District Office (GADO) representative. This inspection is required whether the aircraft is operated commercially or for pleasure. A Progressive Maintenance program is approved by the FAA and is available to the owner. t involves routine and detailed inspections at SO-hour intervals. The purpose of the program is to allow maximum utilization of the aircraft, to reduce maintenance inspection cost and to maintain a maximum standard of continuous airworthiness. Complete details are available from Piper dealers. A spectographic analysis of the oil is available from several sources. This system, if used intelligently, provides a good check of the internal condition of the engine. For this system to be accurate, oil samples must be sent in at regular intervals, and induction air filters must be cleaned or changed regularly.,. ~-- JSSVED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30,

152 -, SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE 8.5 PREVENTVE MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER The holder of a Pilot Certificate issued under FAR Part 61 may perform certain preventive maintenance described in FAR Part 43. This maintenance may be performed only on an aircraft which the pilot owns or operates and which is not used to carry persons or property for hire. except as provided in applicable FAR's. Although such maintenance is allowed by law. each individual should make a self-analysis as to whether he has the ability to perform the work. All other maintenance required on the airplane should he accomplished by appropriately licensed personnel. contain : f maintenance is accomplished. an entry must be made in the appropriate logbook. The entry should The date the work was accomplished. Description of the work. Number of hours on the aircraft. The certificate number of pilot performing the work. Signature of the individual doing the work. 8-4 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984

153 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE 8 7 ARPLANE ALTERATONS M. f th e ~wner desires to have his aircraft modified, he must obtain FAA approval for the alteration. ajor ~terattons accomplished in accordance with Advisory Circular , when performed by an A & P mecharuc, may be approved by the local FAA office. Major alterations to the basic airframe or systems not covered by AC require a Supplemental Type Certificate.. The owner or pilot is required to ascertain that the following Aircraft Papers are in order and in the aircraft. {a) To be displayed in the aircraft at all times: () Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate Fonn F AA (2) Aircraft Registration Certificate Form F AA (3) Aircraft Radio Station License if transmitters are installed. (b) To be carried in the aircraft at all times: ( ) Pilot's Operating Handbook. (2) Weight and Balance data plus a copy of the latest Repair and Alteration Form FAA-337, if applicable. (3) Aircraft equipment list. Although the aircraft and engine logbooks are not required to be in the aircraft, they should be made available upon request. Logbooks should be complete and up to date. Good records will reduce maintenance cost by giving the mechanic information about what has or has not been accomplished. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REPORT: VB-7,() 8-S

154 SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 8.9 GROUND HANDLNG (a) Towing The airplane may be moved on the ground by the use of the nose whee] steering bar that is stowed below the fo~ard ]edge of the baggage compartment or by power equipment that will not damage or excessively strain the nose gear steering assembly. Towing lugs are incorporated as part of the nose gear fork. CAUTON When towing with power equipment, do not tum the nose gear beyond its steering radius in either direction, as this wil] result in damage to the nose gear and steering mechanism. CAUTON Do not tow the airplane when the controls are secured. n the event towing lines are necessary, ropes should be attached to both main gear struts as high up on the tubes as possible. Lines should be long enough to clear the nose and/or tail by not less than fifteen feet, and a qualified person should ride in the pilot's seat to maintain control by use of the brakes. (b) Taxiing Before attempting to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be instructed and approved by a qualified person authorized by the owner. Engine starting and shut-down procedures as well as taxi techniques should be covered. When it is ascertained that the prope11er back blast and taxi areas are clear, power should be applied to start the taxi roll, and the following checks should be performed : ( 1) Taxi a few feet forward and apply the brakes to determine their effectiveness. (2) While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of the steering. (3) Observe wing clearance when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. f possible, station an observer outside the airplane. (4) When taxiing over uneven ground, avoid holes and ruts. (5) Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose stones, gravel, or any loose material that may cause damage to the ~ 2 propeller blades..- REPORT : VB SSUED: JUNE 18, J 976

155 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-28-J 8 J, CHEROKEE ARCHER JJ SECTON f HANDLNG, S RVJCJNC ANO MAJNT!HAM: (c) Parking When parking the airplane, be sure that it.is sufficiently prot«.-ted from 1"h'erM: weather conditions and that it presents no danger to other aircraft When patkinj the.drp.lme for any length of time or overnight, it is suggested that it be moored securely. () To park the airplane, head it into the wind if P<>Hiblt. (2) Set the parking brake by pulling back on the brake lever and depreffinj the.knob on the handle. To release the parking brake, pull back on the handle until the cmh disengages; then allow the handle to swing forward. CAUTON Care should be taken when setting brakes that are overheated or during cold weather when accumulated moilture may fruu a brake. (3) Aileron and stabilator controls!hould be secured with the front seat belt and chocks used to properly block the wheels. (d) Mooring The airplane should be moored for immovability, security and proteci:jon. The following procedures should be used for the proper mooring of the airplane : ( l) Head the airplane into the wind if possible. (2) Retract the flaps. (3) mmobilize the ailerons and stabilator by looping the seat belt through the control wheel and pulling it snug. (4) Block the wheels. (SJ Secure tie-down ropes to the wing tie-down rings and to the tail skid at approximately 45 degree angles to the ground. When using rope of non-synthetic material, leave sufftcient slack to avoid damage to the airplane should the ropes contract. CAUTON Use bowline knots, square knots or locked slip knots. Do not use plain slip knots. NOTE Additional preparations for high winds include using tie-down ropes from the landing gear forks and securing the rudder. (6) nstall a pitot head cover if available. Be sure to remove the pitot head cover before flight. (7) Cabin and baggage doors should be locked when the airplane is unattended. JSSU.ED: JUNE 18,

156 SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 8.11 ENGNE AR FLTER (a) Removing Engine Air Fi}ter (1) Remove the lower cowl. (2) Remove the wing nuts securing the filter. Remove the filter. (b) Cleaning Engine Air Filter The induction air filter must be cleaned at least once every 50 hours, and more often, even daily, when operating in dusty conditions. Extra filters are inexpensive, and a spare should be kept on hand for use as a rapid replacement. To clean the filter: ( 1) Tap the filter gently to remove dirt particles, being careful not to damage the filter. DO NOT wash the filter in any liquid. DO NOT attempt to blow out dirt with compressed air. (2) f the filter is excessively dirty or shows any damage, replace it immediately. (3) Wipe the filter housing with a clean cloth and install the filter. The usable life of the filter should be restricted to one year or 500 hours, whichever comes first. (c) nstallation Of Engine Air Filter After cleaning or when replacing the filter, install the filter in the reverse order of removal BRAKE SERVCE The brake system is filled with ML-H-5606 (petroleum base) hydraulic brake fluid. The fluid level should be checked periodically or at every 50 hour inspection and replenished when necessary. The brake reservoir is located on the fire wall in the engine compartment. f the entire system must be refilled, fill with fluid under pressure from the brake end of the system. This will eliminate air from the system. No adjustment of the brake clearances is necessary. f after extended service brake blocks become excessively worn, they should be replaced with new segments. 8-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

157 'i - ~ ti) ~ c:: ~ '- c:: ~ -s,t) -1,0 ~ / / ~ ::ca ~~ ffe$ i~ ~$ B8 >~ ~f: ~d ~o ::::z s 0 ::ii:, ~ ~ 00...,. ' \00 t:c "?1 f: ~- ~ nl Vl i 00 -< Vl // / -=--~-~ ~/ / '- / \ 3 --<)) /y--- "-C<,!/,~. _:.:sa_. ~tutrr~~w-, _-...,_ 1 r-,_ /~._di!.~ '----.._ \ / '-,_ "-- ( - ' ~ ' BRAKE RESERVOR 2. RGHT BRAKE AND RUDDER PEDAL 3. LEFT BRAKE AND RUDDER PEDAL 4. RGHT BRAKE CYLNDER 5. LEFT BRAKE CYLNDER 6. BRAKE HANDLE 7. HANDLE RELEAljE BUTTON "' a. LNE, NLET 9. CLEVS PN l O. MASTER CYLNDER ASSEMBL V 11. BOLT ASSEMBLY 12. TORQUE TUBE 13. COPLOT'S RGHT BRAKE AND RUDDER PEDAL 14. COPLOT'S LEFT BRAKE AND RUDDER PEDAL ~ ~ Cl Vl! ~ ~ i ~~ Q00

158 =- SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER 8.15 LANDN GEAR SERVCE The three landing gears use Cleveland Aircraft Products 6.00 x 6, four-ply rating, type tites and tubes. (Refer to paragraph 8.23.) Wheels are removed by taking off the hub cap, cotter pin, axle nut, and the two bolts holding the brake segment in place. Mark tire and wheel for reinstallation ; then dismount by deflating the tire, removing the three through-bolts from the wheel and separating the wheel halves. Landing gear oleos on the Cherokee Archer should be serviced according to the instructions on the units. The main oleos should be extended under normal static load until 4.50 ±.25 inches of oleo piston tube is exposed, and the nose gear should show 3.25 ±.25 inches. Should the strut exposure be below that required, it should be determined whether air or oil is required by first raising the airplane on jacks. Depress the valve core to allow air to escape from the strut housing chamber. Remove the filler plug and slowly raise the strut to full compression. f the strut has sufficient fluid, it will be visible up to the bottom of the filler plug hole and will then require only proper inflation.,a\ WJ, Should fluid be below the bottom of the filler plug hole, oil should be added. Replace the plug with valve core removed; attach a clear plastic hose to the valve stem of the filler plug and submerge the other end in a container of hydraulic fluid. Fully compress and extend the strut several times, thus drawing fluid from the container and expelling air from the strut chamber. To allow fluid to enter the bottom chamber of the main gear strut housing, the torque link assembly must be disconnected to let the strut be extended a minimum of 10 inches (the nose gear torque links need not be disconnected). Do not allow the strut to extend more than 12 inches. When air bubbles cease to flow through the hose, compress the strut fully and again check fluid level. Reinstall the valve core and filler plug, and the main gear torque links, if disconnected. With fluid in the strut housing at the correct level, attach a strut pump to the air valve and with the airplane on the ground, inflate the oleo strut to the correct height. n jacking the aircraft for landing gear or other service, two hydraulic jacks and a tail stand should be used. At least 250 pounds of ballast should be placed on the base of the tail stand before the airplane is jacked up. The hydraulic jacks should be placed under the jack points on the bottom of the wing and the airplane jacked up until the tail skid is at the right height to attach the tail stand. After the tail stand is attached and the ballast added, jacking may be continued until the airplane is at the height desired. The steering arms from the rudder pedals to the nose wheel are adjusted at the nose wheel by turning the threaded rod end bearings in or out. Adjustment is normally accomplished at the forward end of the rods and should be done in such a way that the nose wheel is in line with the fore and aft axis of the plane when the rudder pedals and rudder are centered. Alignment of the nose wheel can be checked by pushing the airplane back and forth with the rudder centered to determine that the plane follows a perfectly straight line. The turning arc of the nose wheel is 30.0 ± 2 in either direction and is limited by stops on the bottom of the forging. The rudder pedal arm stops should be carefully adjusted so that the pedal arms contact the stops just after the rudder hits its stops. This guarantees that the rudder will be allowed to move through its full travel. ) 8-10 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

159 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON p A , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE S.t 7 PROPELLER SERVCE. The spinner and backing plate should be frequently cleaned and inspected for cracks. Before each fligh_t the propeller should be inspected for nicks, scratches, and corrosion. f found, they should be rep~ed as soon as possible by a rated mechanic, since a nick or scratch causes an area of increased ~tress which can lead to serious cracks or the loss of a propeller tip. The back face of the blades should be pamted when necessary with flat black paint to retard glare. To prevent corrosion, the surface should be cleaned and waxed periodically OL REQUREMENTS The oil capacity of the engine is 8 quarts and the minimum safe quantity is 2 quarts. t is recommended that the oil filter element be changed every 50 hours or sooner under unfavorable conditions. Engine oil is 1 normally changed with the filter. However, if the full flow (cartridge type) oil filter is used and changed every 50 hours of operation, the intervals beween oil changes may be increased as much as JOO percent. The following grades are recommended for the specified temperatures : Average Ambient Air Temperature For Starting Above 60 F 30 to 90 F 0 to 70 F Below 10 F Single Viscosity Grade SAE 50 SAE40 SAE 30 SAE 20 Multi-Viscosity Grades SAE 40 or SAE 50 SAE40 SAE 40 or 20W-30 SAE 20W FUEL SYSTEM. f, (a) (b) Servicing Fuel System Refer to the PA-28 Cherokee Service Manual and Periodic nspection Report for fuel system servicing and inspection. Fuel Requ irement s (A VGAS ONLY) Aviat ion grade fuel with a minimum octan e of OO/ 130 is specified for use in this airplane. Since the use of lower grade s can caus e serious damage in a short per iod of time. the engine warranty is invalidated by the use of lower octane~. Refer to the latest issue of Lycoming Service nstruction No for alternat e fuels and addit ional information.,- SSUED : JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: MARCH 30,

160 SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 11 A summary of the current grades as well as the previous fuel designations is shown in the following chart: FUEL GRADE COMPARSON CHART Current Military Previous Commercial Current Commercial Fuel Grades (M L-G-5572E) Fuel Grades (ASTM-D910) Fuel Grades (ASTM-D910-75) Amendment No. 3 G rade Color Max. TEL ml/ U.S. gal. Grade Color Max. TEL Max. TEL ml/ U.S. gal. Grade Color ml/ U.S. gal. 80/ 87 red 91/ 98 blue 100/ 130 green 115/ 145 purple red 2.0 *O0LL blue green 4.6 none none / 87 red none none none **l0 100/ 130 green **3.0 none 115/ 145 purple Grade 00LL fuel in some overseas countries is currently colored green and designated as" 00L. **- Commercial fuel grade 100 and grade 100/ 130 (both of which are colored green) having TEL content of up to 4 ml/ U.S. gallon are approved for use in all engines certificated for use with grade 100/ 130 fuel. The operation of the aircraft is approved with an anti-icing additive in the fuel. When an antiicing additive is used it must meet the specification ML , must be uniformly blended with the fuel while refueling. must not exceed.15% by volume of the refueled quantity. and to ensure its effectiveness should be blended at not less than. 0% by volume. One and one half liquid ozs. per ten gallon of fuel would fall within this range. A blender supplied by the additive manufacturer should be used. Except for the information contained in this section, the manufacturer's mixing or blending instructions should be carefully followed. CAUTONS Assure that the additive is directed into the flowinµ fuel stream. The additive flow should start after and stop before the fuel flow. Do not permit the concentrated additive to come in contact with the aircraft painted surfaces or the interior surfaces of the fuel tanks. Some fuels have anti-icing additives preblended in the fuel at the refinery, so no further blending should be performed. f) \ 8-lla SSUED : MARCH 30, 1984

161 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE (c) Filling Fuel Tanks Observe all required precautions for handling gasoline. Fuel is stored in two twenty-five gallon (24 gal. usable) tanks. There is approximately neck indicator. 17 gallons in the fuel tank when fuel level is even with bottom of filler SSUED: MARCH 30, ltb

162 SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER.,; (d) Draining Fuel Strainer, Sumps and Lines FUEL DRAN Figure 8-3 The fuel system sumps and strainer should be drained daily prior to the first flight and after refueling to avoid the accumulation of contaminants such as water or sediment. Each fuel tank is equipped with an individual quick drain located at the lower inboard rear corner of the tank. The fuel strainer is equipped with a quick drain located on the front lower comer of the firewall. Each of the fuel tank sumps should be drained first. Then the fuel strainer should be drained twice, once with the fuel selector valve on each tank. Each time fuel is drained, sufficient fuel should be allowed to flow to ensure removal of contaminants. This fuel should be collected in a suitable container, examined for contaminants, and then discarded. CAUTON When draining any amount of fuel, care should be taken to ensure that no fire hazard exists before starting the engine. Each quick drain should be checked after closing it to make sure it has closed completely and is not leaking SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

163 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2B-B, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE (e) Draining Fuel System The bulk of the fuel may be drained from the system by opening the valve at the inboard end of each fuel tank. Push up on the arms of the drain valve and tum counterclockwise to hold!he _ ~rain open. The remaining fuel in the system may be drained through the filter bowl. Any mdmdual tank may be drained by closing the selector valve and then draining the desired tank. B.23 TRE NFLATON For maximum service from the tires, keep them inflated to the proper pressures - 18 psi for the nose gear and 24 J?Si for the main gear. All wheels and tires are balanced before original installation, ana the relationship of tire, tube and wheel should be maintained upon reinstallation. Unbalanced wheels can cause extreme vibration in the landing gear; therefore, in the installation of new components, it may be necessary to rebalance the wheels with the tires mounted. When checking tire pressure, examine the tires for wear, cuts, bruises, and slippage BAT1ERY SERVCE -o Access to the 12-volt battery is through an access panel at the right rear side of the baggage compartment. The battery box has a plastic tu be which is normally closed off with a cap and which should be opened occasionally to drain off any accumulation of liquid. The battery should be checked for proper fluid level. DO NOT fill the battery above the baffle plates. DO NOT fill the battery with acid - use water only. A hydrometer check will determine the percent of charge in the battery. f the battery is not up to charge, recharge starting at a 4 amp rate and finishing with a 2 amp rate. Quick charges are not recommended CLEANNG (a) Cleaning Engine Compartment Before cleaning the engine compartment, place a strip of tape on the magneto vents to prevent any solvent from entering these units. ( 1) Place a large pan under the engine to catch waste. (2) With the engine cowling removed, spray or brush the engine with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser. n order to remove especially heavy dirt and grease deposits, it may be necessary to brush areas that were sprayed. CAUTON Do not spray solvent into the alternator, vacuum pump, starter, or air intakes. (3) Allow the solvent to remain on the engine from five to ten minutes. Then rinse the engine clean with additional solvent and allow it to dry. SSUED : JUNE 18,

164 SF.C110N 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER l CAUTON Do not operate the engine until excess solvent has evaporated or otherwise been removed. ( 4) Remove the protective tape from the magnetos. (5) Lubricate the controls, bearing surfaces, etc., in accordance with the Lubrication Chart. (b) Cleaning Landing Gear Before cleaning the landing gear, place a plastic cover or similar material over the wheel and brake assembly. ( 1) Place a pan under the gear to catch waste. (2) Spray or brush the gear area with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser, as desired. Where heavy grease and dirt deposit s have cojiected, it may be necessary to brush areas that were sprayed, in order to clean them. (3) Allow the solvent to remain on the gear from five to ten minutes. Then rinse the gear with additional solvent and allow to dry. ( 4) Remove the cover from the wheel and remove the catch pan. (5) Lubricate the gear in accordance with the Lubrication Chart. (c) Cleaning Exterior Surfaces The airplane should be washed with a mild soap and water. Harsh abrasives or alkaline soaps or detergents could make scratches on painted or plastic surfaces or could cause corrosion of metal. Cover areas where cleaning solution could cause damage. To wash the airplane, use the following procedure : ( 1) Flush away loose dirt with water. (2) Apply cleaning solution with a soft cloth, a sponge or a soft bristle brush. (3) To remove exhaust stains, allow the solution to remain on the surface longer. ( 4) To remove stubborn oil and grease, use a cloth dampened with naphtha. (5) Rinse all surfaces thoroughly. (6) Any good automotive wax may be used to preserve painted surfaces. Soft cleaning cloths or a. chamois should be used to prevent scratches when cleaning or polishing. A heavier coating of wax on the leading surfaces will reduce the abrasion problems in these areas. (d) Cleaning Windshield and Windows ( ) Remove dirt, mud and other loose particles from exterior surfaces with clean water. (2) Wash with mild soap and warm water or with aircraft plastic cleaner. Use a soft cloth or sponge in a straight back and forth motion. Do not rub harshly. (3) Remove oil and grease with a cloth moistened with kerosene. CAUTON Do not use gasoline, alcohol, benzene, carbon tetrachoride, thinner, acetone, or window cleaning sprays., 1 ; 8-14 SSUED: JUNE 18, 976

165 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-JSJ, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 8 HANDLNG, SERVCNG AND MANTENANCE (e) (4) (5) A~ter cleaning plastic surfaces, apply a thin coat of hard polishing wax. Rub lightly with a soft cloth. Do not use a circular motion.,!---seve:e scratch or mar in plastic can be removed by rubbing out the scratch with Jewelers rouge. Smooth both sides and apply wax. Cleaning Headliner, Side Panels and Seats (1) Clean headliner, side panels, and seats with a stiff bristle brush, and vacuum where necessary. (2) Soiled upholstery, except leather, may be cleaned with a good upholstery cleaner suitable for the material. Carefully fojjow the manufacturer 's instructions. Avoid soaking or harsh rubbing. CAUTON Solvent cleaners require adequate ventilation. (3) Leather should be cleaned with saddle soap or a mild hand soap and water. (0 Cleaning Carpets To clean carpets, first remove loose dirt with a whisk broom or vacuum For soiled spots and stubborn stains use a noninflammable dry cleaning fluid. Floor carpets may be removed and cleaned like any household carpet COLD WEATHER OPERATON For cold weath er operation a winterization plate is instajjed on the inlet opening of the oil cooler duct on the right rear engine baffle. This plat e should be installed whenever the ambient temperature reaches 50 F or Jess. The plat e should be removed and stored in the cockpit when the ambient temperature exc eeds 50 F t is recommended that an optional Engine Breather Tube Winterization Kit be instajjed for cold weather operation. This kit is available through your Piper Dealer/Distributor. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REVSED: JULY 3, 978 S-15

166 Paragraph/Supplement No. TABLE OF contents SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS Page No General l Au Conditioning System nstallation AutoFlite U Autopilot nstallation AutoControl lllb Autopilot nstallation Piper Electric Pitch Trim i

167 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON9 SUPPLEMENTS SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS 9.1 GENERAL This section provides infonnation in the fonn of Supplements which are necessary for efficient operation of the airplane when equipped with one or more of the various optional systems and equipment not provided with the standard airplane. All of the Supplements provided by this section are "FAA Approved" and consecutively numbered as a pennanent part of this Handbook. Tlie information contained in each Supplement applies only when the related equipment is installed in the airplane. SSUED: JUNE 18,

168 l PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 1 AR CONDTONNG NSTALLATON SECTON 1 - GENERAL This supplement supplies infonnation necessary for the efficient operation of the airplane when the optional air conditioning system is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be used "as described" in conjunction with the complete handbook. This supplement has been "FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in this handbook at all times when the optional air conditioning system is installed. SECTON 2 - LMT A TO NS {a) To insure maximum climb performance the air conditioner must be turned "OFF " manually prior to takeoff to disengage the compressor and retract the condenser door. Also the air conditioner must be turned "OFF" manually before the landing approach in preparation for a possible go-around. (b) Placards n full view of the pilot, in the area of the air conditioner controls when the air conditioner is installed : "WARNNG - AR CONDTONER MUST BE OFF TO NSURE NORMAL TAKEOFF CLMB PERFORMANCE." n full view of the pilot, to the right of the engine gauges (condenser door light) : "AR COND DOOR OPEN" SF.cTON 3 - EMERGENCY PROCEDURES No changes to the basic Emergency Procedures provided by Section 3 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are necessary for this supplement. SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976 REeORT: VB-7~ 9-3

169 ---- SEC110N9 SUPPLEMENTS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER 1 / SECTON4-NORMALPROCEDURES Prior to takeoff, the air conditioner should be checked for proper operation as follows : (a) Check aircraft master switch "ON." (b) Turn the air conditioner control switch to "ON" and the fan switch to one of the operating positions - the "AR COND DOOR OPEN" warning light will tum on, thereby indicating proper air conditioner condenser door actuation. (c) Turn the air conditioner control switch to "OFF" the "AR COND DOOR OPEN" warning light will go out, thereby indicating the air conditioner condenser door is in the up position. (d) f the "AR COND DOOR OPEN" light does not respond as specified above, an air conditioner system or indicator bulb malfunction is indicated and further investigation should be conducted prior to flight. The above operational check may be performed during flight if an in flight failure is suspected..1. The condenser door light is located to the right of the engine instrument cluster in front of the pilot. The door light illuminates when the door is open and is off when the door is closed. SECTON S - PERFORMANCE Operation of the air conditioner will cause slight decreases in cruise speed and range. Power from the engine is required to run the compressor, and the condenser door, when extended, causes a slight increase in drag. When the air conditioner is turned off there is normally no measurable difference in climb, cruise or range performance of the airplane. NOTE To insure maximum climb performance the air conditioner must be turned off manually before takeoff to disengage the compressor and retract the condenser door. Also the air conditioner must be turned off manually before the landing approach in preparation for a possible go-around. Although the cruise speed and range are only slightly affected by the air conditioner operation, these changes should be considered in preflight planning. To be conservative, the following figures assume that the compressor is operating continuously while the airplane is airborne. This will be the case only in extremely hot weather. (a) The decrease in true airspeed is approximately 4 KTS at all power settings. (b) The decrease in range may be as much as 32 nautical miles for th e 48 gallon capacity SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

170 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS The climb perf onnance is not compromised measurably with the air conditioner operating since the co~~ress?r is declutched and the condenser door is retracted, both automatically, when a full thro~tle position is selected. When the full throttle position is not used or in the event of a malfunction which would cause the compressor to operate and the condenser door to be extended, a decrease in rate of climb of as much as 100 fpm can be expected. Should a malfunction occur which prevents condenser door retraction when the compressor is turned off, a decrease in rate of climb of as much as 50 fpm can be expected. SSUED: JUNE 18, S

171 l - PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2S-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 2 AUTOJ LTE AUTOPJLOT NSTALLATON SECTON 1 - GENERAL T~s supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane w~en the optio~al AutoFlite Autopilot is installed. The infonnation contained within this supplement 1s to be used as described" in conjunction with the complete handbook.. This supplement has been "FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in this handbook at all times when the optional AutoFlite Autopilot is installed. SECTON 2 - LMTATONS {a) Autopilot use prohibited above 149 KAS. (b) Autopilot "OFF" during takeoff and landing. SECTON 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (a) n case of malfunction DEPRESS and hold Disconnect switch on pilot's control wheel. (b) Rocker switch on instrument panel "OFF." (c) Unit may be overpowered manually. (d) n climb, cruise or descent configuration a malfunction with a 3 second delay in recovery initiation may result in 45 bank and 180' altitude loss. Maximum altitude loss measured at 149 KAS in a dcscen t. (e) n approach configuration a malfunction with a 1 second delay in recovery initiation results in 18 bank and l O' altitude loss. SECTON 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES {a) (b) Engagement () Rocker Switch on instrument panel ON. (2) Disconnect Switch on left hand side of pilot's control wheel - RELEASED. Disengagement () Depress Disconnect Switch on pilot 's control wheel (or) (2) Rocker Switch on instrument pan el - OFF. (c) Heading O1anges ( l) Depress Disconnect Switch, make Heading Change, release Disconnect Switch. (2) Move Trim Knob on instrument for Drift Correction from a constant heading. (3) Move Tum Command Knob on instrument for right or left banked turns. SSUED : JUNE 18,

172 SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER (d) OMN Tracker ( 1) Center Turn Command Knob and push N to engage Tracker. (2) Trim Knob - push N for high sensitivity. SECTON S - PERFORMANCE No changes to the basic perfonnance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are necessary for this supplement. 9-8 SSUED: JUNE 18, 1976

173 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON P A , CHEROKEE ARCHER 11 SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 3 AUTOCONTROL lb AUTOPLOT NSTALLATON SECTON 1 - GENERAL ()) This supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane when th e ~ption: Piper AutoControl B Autopilot is installed. The information contained within this supplement ts to e used " as described" in conjunction with the complete handbook. This supplement has been "FAA Approved " as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in this handbook at all times when the optional Piper AutoControl B Autopilot is installed. SECTON 2 - LMTATONS {a) Autopilot use prohibited above 149 KAS. (b) Autopilot "OFF" during takeoff and landing SECTON 3 - EMERGENCY OPERATON (a) n an emergency the AutoControl B can be disconnected by : (l) Pushing the roll ON-OFF Rocker Switch "OFF." (2) Pulling the Autopilot Circuit Breaker. (b) The autopilot can be overpowered at either control wheel. (c) An autopilot runaway, with a 3 second delay in the initiation of recovery while operating in a climb, cruise or descending flight, could result in a 45 bank and 180' altitude loss. Maximum altitude loss measured at 149 KTS in a descent. (d) An autopilot runaway, with a second delay in the initiation of recovery, during an approach operation, coupled or uncoupled, could result in a 18 bank and 10' altitude loss. SECTON 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES PREFLGHT 0 (a) AUTOPLOT () Place Radio Coupler in " HDG" Mode (if installed) and place the AP "ON-OFF" switch to the "ON" position to engage r~ll section. Rotat~ roll command knob left and right and observe that control wheel descnbes a correspondmg left and right turn, then center knob. (2) Set correct com~ass heading on D.G. and tum HDG bug to aircraft heading. Engage "HDG" mode ~ock~r switch and rotat e HGD bug right and left. Aircraft control wheel should turn same direction as bug. Grasp control wheel and manually override servo, both directions. SSUED : JUNE 18,

174 SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA-2&-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER (b) RADO COUPLER -(OPTONAL) ( 1) Tune and identify VOR or VOT station. Position Radio Coupler to OMN Mode. ~ngage Autopilot ROLL and HDG switches. Set HDG bug to aircraft heading and rotate O.B.S. to cause OMN indicator Needle to swing left and right slowly. Observe that control wheel rotates in direction of needle movement. (2) Disengage AP "ON-OFF" switch. Reset Radio Coupler control to HOG. N-FLGHT (a) Trim airplane (ball centered). (b} Check air pressure vacuum to ascertain that the directional gyro and attitude gyro are receiving sufficient air. (c} Roll Section. (1) To engage, center ROLL knob, push AP "ON-OFF" switch to "ON" position. To tum, rotate console ROLL knob in desired direction. (Maximum angle of bank should not exceed 30.) (2) For heading mode, set directional gyro with magnetic compass. Push directional gyro HDG knob in, rotate bug to aircraft heading. Push console heading rocker (HDG) switch to "ON" position. To select a new aircraft heading, push D.G. heading knob "N" and rotate, in desired direction of tum, to the desired heading. (d} Radio Coupling - VOR/LS with Standard directional gyro. (Optional) (1) For VOR ntercepts and Tracking: Select the desired VOR course and set the HDG bug to the same heading. Select OMN mode on the coupler and HDG Mode on the autopilot console. (2) For LS Front Course ntercepts and Tracking: Tune the localizer frequency and place the HDG bug on the inbou)!d, front course heading. Select LOC-NORM mode on the coupler and HDG mode on the autopilot console. (3) For LOC Back Course ntercepts and Tracking: Tune the localizer frequency and place the HDG bug on the inbound course heading to the airport. Select LOC-REV mode with coupler and HDG mode on the autopilot console. SECTON S - PERFORMANCE No changes to the basic performance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are, ) necessary for this supplement. J ') 9-10 SSUED: JUNE J8, 1976

175 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON 9 SUPPLEMENTS l' ~! ff' () SECTON 1 - GENERAL SUPPLEMENT 4 PPER ELECTRC PTCH TRJM J This supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane when the optional Piper Electric Pitch Trim is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be used "as described" in conjunction with the complete handbook. This supplement has been "FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in this handbook at all times when the optional Piper Electric Pitch Trim is installed. SECTON 2- LMTATONS No changes of the basic limitations provided by Section 2 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are necessary for this supplement. SECTON 3 - EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (a) (h) (c) n ca~e of ma lfunction. ACTVATE disconnect switch located above the ignition switch. to OFF position. n ca~c of malfun ction. O\Crpowcr the electric trim at either control wheel. Maximum altitude change with a 4 second delay in recovery initiation is 800 feet and occur s in the descent configuration. Maximum altitude change in the approach configuration with a 4 second recover\' dela y is 100 feet. SECTON 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES,l The electric trim system may be turned ON or OFF by a switch located above the ignition switch. The pitch trim may be changed when the electric trim system is turned on either by moving the manual pitch trim control wheel or by operating the trim control switch on the pilot's control yoke. To prevent excessive speed increase in the event of an electric trim run-away malfunction, the system incorporates an automatic disconn ect feature which renders the system inoperativ e above approximately 143 KAS. The disconnected condition does not affect the manual trim system. SECTON 5 - PERFORMANCE No changes to the basic performance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are necessary for this supplement.. SSl ler) :.HNE REVSED: MARCH ]0, 1984 REPORT : VB

176 .,. Paragraph No. T ABtE OF CONTENTS SECTON 10 OPERA TNG TPS 10. General Operating Tip~ Page No. 10-i

177 PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER SECTON JO OPERA TNG TPS SECTON 10 OPERATNG TPS 10.l GENERAL This -;ection provides operating tips of particular value in the operation of the Cherokee Archer. ~ 10.3 OPERATNG TPS (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Learn to trim for takeoff so that only a very light back pressure on the control wheel is required to lift the airplane off the ground. The best speed for takeoff is about 53 KAS under normal conditions. Trying to pull the airplan e off the ground at too low an airspeed decreases the controllability of the airplane in the event of engine failure. Flaps may be lowered at airspeeds up to 102 KAS. To reduce flap operating loads, it is desirable to have the airplane at a slower speed before extending the flaps. The flap step will not support weight if the flaps are in any extended position. The flaps must be placed in the "UP" position before they will lock and support weight on the step. Before attempting to reset any circuit breaker, allow a two to five minute cooling off period. Before starting the engine, check that all radio switches, light switches and the pitot heat switch are in the off position so as not to create an overloaded condition when the starter is engaged. Strob e lights should not be operating when flying through overcast and clouds, since reflected light can produce spacial disorientation. Do not operate strobe lights when taxiing in the vicinity of other aircraft. (g) The rudder pedals are suspended from a torque tube which extends across the fuselage. The pilot should become familiar with the proper positioning of his feet on the rudder pedals so as to avoid interference with the torque tube when moving the rudder pedals or operating the toe brakes. (h) (i) n an effort to avoid accidents, pilots should obtain and study the safety related information made available in FAA publications such as regulations, advisory circulars, Aviation News, AM and safety aids. The shape of the wing fuel tanks is such that in certain maneuvers the fuel may move away from the tank outlet. f the ou~let is uncovered, t~e fuel flow will be interrupted and a temporary loss of power may result. Pilots can prevent inadvertent uncovering of the outlet by avoiding maneuvers which could result in uncovering the outlet. SSLJED: JUNE REVSED: MARCH 20,

178 .v SECTON 10 OPERA TNG TPS PPER ARCRAFT CORPORATON PA , CHEROKEE ARCHER ' Extreme running turning takeoffs should be avoided as fuel flow interruption may occur. Prolonged slips or skids which result in excess of 2000 ft. of altitude loss, or other radical or extreme maneuvers which could cause uncovering of the fuel outlet must be avoided as fuel flow interruption may occur when tank being used is not full. (j) Hand starting of the engine is not recommended. however, should hand starting of the engine be required, only experienced personnel should attempt this procedure. The magneto selector should be placed to "LEFT" during the starting procedure to reduce the probability of" Kick Back". Place the ignition switch to "BOTH" position after the engine has started SSUED: JUNE REVSED: MARCH 30, 1984

179 PPER PA Archer Checklist Before Exterior Cbetk 1- Aircraft papers (AROW) on board 2- Annual / 100 hour inspection completed 3- Xponder inspection (24 months) completed 4- Alt/stat inspection (24 months) completed 5- VOR check (30 days) completed 6- Control lock removed 7- Tach logged 8- All switches off 9- Xponder standby/off 10- gnition KEY OUT 11- Master on 12- Lights & pitot heat on &checked 13- Lights & pitot heat off 14- Fuel gauges checked S- Master off 16- Flaps down Exterior thetk 1- All tiedowns removed 2- Tanks level checked 3- Oil level 6 to 8 4- All drains no water 5- preflight inspection completed Before start 1- Passenger briefing as required (wx, belts, fire, exit, seats, no smoke) 2- Charts, Plates, Logs available 3- Atis checked Altimeter FR plan (if applic.) 4- Avionics switches 5- Doors & windows 6- Clock and/or timer 7- Fuel selector 8- Breakers 9- Carb heat JO Beacon 11 FR Flight Plan 12 Engine start (where applic.) En&ine start 1- Master switch 2- Mixture 3- Throttle 4- Fuel pump 5- Primer (6 times recom.) set on request off closed checked low side in off on retrieved approved on full rich(/alt) 1/4" on as required Brakes Propeller area nsert key and engage ignition When en1ine starts set & held CLEAR 1- Oil pressure (within 1 min) checked 2- Rpm Fuel pump off 4- Alternator on + ck charge 5- Doors locked 6- Seat belts fasten 7- Flaps up 8- Primer checked/locked Before Taxi 1- Altimeter (vs. elevation) 2- Avionics (one switch only) 3- Nav radios 4- Hdg indic. 5- Squawk 6- Lights 7- Fuel selector 8- Taxiing clearance ni 1-2- Braking action Twn&Bank Heading indicator Artificial horizon Compass Run-up 1- Brakes 2- Doors, windows, seat belts 3- Flight instruments airspeed indic, Horizon altimeter, vertical speed indic heading gyro, twn & bank Controls (inc. rudder) Trim Mixture Primer Throttle eng. instr. suction carb. heat. mag. Ammeter Throttle Eng. gauges Radios communication checked on set set entered (stby) as required switch to full tk received checked checked checked checked checked Set & held checked checked checked set& on/off as required locked 2000rpm checked (oil t&p, fuel p) checked ( ) SO rpm drop 17 S/50 rpm drop charge 1000 rpm checked in the green set, checked PA28cklsl 0 Guy Raoul Ros1ns ch1ln ATP CF!/ ASMEL TEFC Chi,fF/ight nstructor 1

180 12- Radios navigation set, checked 13- panel (warning lights) checked 14- Autopilot off 15- Flaps set (nonn 0) 16- Xponder alt ( on if requested) 17- Pitotheat as required 18- Throttle friction set.~ 19- Fuel pump on 20- Clearance received.'... - On the DDW)'.. - Hdg checked vs. runway 2- Fuel pump checked on 3- Xponder checked alt 4- Strobes on 5- Rotate 60 kts kts sft /shrt fld, flaps 2 (25) 45 kts lets,. -i ; _... Performance... _.:;;. climb..!. Vy 76 kts gjjjk 76kts Vx en rte 64kts 87 kts Before shut off (milionnair South) 2- Avionics 3- Lights 4- ' Gr~unding 5- Throttle 6- Mixture 7- Throttle 8- Beacon 9- Master O- gnition Tie down & paperwork Frequencies Fanningdale: Republic Atis Republic Ground control Republic Tower checked (elt) fuel on request off off checked (idling) l rpm lean idle on off key out \ l After take-off ( Flaps 2- Power, 3- Fuelpurnp 4- Lights Before landin~ - Fuel 2- Mixture 3- Fuel pump 4- Carb. heat 5- Lights 6- Belts 7- Flaps 1500ft) checked up set ( climb then cruise) off checked tank checked full rich on as required on on st notch ( white arc) 2nd notch (base) 3rd notch (final), speeds: downwind base/final short final (ff 40) (no flaps Off the runway - Strobes 2- Fuel pump 3- Xponder 4- Flaps 5- Carb heat 6- Pitot heat 80 kts ) off off stby off up off off PA28clclst 0 Guy Raoul Romu clt in ATP CFJ/ AS/1.-fEL TEFC CltlefFligltl hisln,ctor

181 ARCWTPERFQRMANCE: N2108C ARSPEEDS (KTS) TAKEOFF: -NORMAL ROTATE -SHORT FELD-FUPS (2ND NOTCH}- ROTATE -SOF' FELD-FLAPS (2ND NOTCH) ROTATE CLMB -GUDE -YY -YX -ENROUTE (CRUSE) (DER.GENCY) APPROACH&PATERN -DOWNWND, TµMTO -FNAL, FUU FUPS, -FNAL, NO FUPS, UMTfA.TQNS -YNE -YNO -YA -YFE -MAL XWNDDEMONSTRATED(90 DEGREES) USEFUL 0AD (NORMAL) 960LBS. USEFUL WAD (UTlllY) 540LBS.

182 , CHEROKEE ARCHER PA CHECKLST-N21aJC BUQRESTARTTNG BVGNE: 1. PREFUGHT JNSP., COMPUOL 6 QTS MN, TRE PRESSURE: NOSE 18 PS, MAN 24 PS) 2. ~7S-POSll1ON & LOCK 3. ~T BELTS & SHOU.DER HARNESSFS -AD]US & LOCK 4. FUELSE.lECTOR VALVE:PROPER TANK 5. A VONC5 POWBl SWTCH OFF 6. BRAKES: SET 7. CARB HEAT: FUEL COW (OFF) 8. CRCUT BREAKERS: CHECK (N) 9. ROTATNG BEACON: ON 10. FL4PS: UP STABVNGfNGJNE& PRE:TAX/ 1. 'HRO'TLE: OPEN 1/4" 2. MASTER SWTCH: ON 3. FUELPUMP: ON 4. MlXTURE: R.LLRCH 5. PRMER.Af RF.QURED 6. PllOPELLER ARE.4, "CFAR" 7. GNlllON SWTCH,, ENGAGE 8. OJLPRESSURE--CHECK(GREF.N} 9. UGHS --AS RF.QURED (BEACON, NA V. SROBE, PANEL) JO. AVONCSPOWERSWCH: ON 11. ALTERNATOR; CHECKWADMEER JZ. GROUND CJ.EARANCE, AS REQURED t411s, GROUND) 13. ALTMETER --SET TO BAROMERC PRESSURE 14. TRANSPONDER ON STANDBY 15. BRAKNGACllON--CHECK \