FOSS Journal. (Name) 2

Transcription

1 FOSS Journal (Name) 2

2 Rubric - 40 pts. You are graded on your FOSS journaling. You are expected to complete all notes, even if you are absent. Please check with classmates to see if you can copy notes. Yes, I WANT YOU TO COPY THESE! Please keep the rubric stapled/taped to the back cover.

3 ABCD s of Scientific Drawing A = Accurate B = BIG C = Colorful D = Detailed

4 What should my notes look like? Heading Types of Energy 12/04/12 FQ: 1)What is energy? 2) How many types of energy do you think we have? P: Energy is I think that there are Highlighting the same color the whole time. kinetic energy the energy of an object when it is in motion potential energy the energy an object has because of where it is or how it s made Date Forms of Energy: Gravitational Potential Energy (gravity) Electrical Energy (electricity) Elastic Potential Energy (stored/compressed) Chemical Energy (stored energy) Mechanical Energy (movement) C: Energy is Organized/Neat Pipe to main refinery. ABCD s Page # pg.1 Page # pg.2

5 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg.9-10

6 Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb Date FQ: 1) How can you get electricity from a source to a receiver? 2) Where do connections need to be made? 3) How does electricity flow through a circuit? P: (IN PEN)

7 D-cell battery; source of electricity; more than one cell electricity source provides the energy to light the bulb electricity receiver a component that uses the electricity from the source to make something happen

8 circuit a pathway of the flow of electricity filament part of a bulb that gets hot & produces light components (ex.) D-cell, bulb, & wires short circuit low-resistance conductor that bypasses a component

9 One wire touches the side, and the bottom of the bulb touches the D-cell. light bulb light bulb D-Cell filament D-Cell wire One wire touches the side of the bulb, while the other wire touches the bottom. wire

10 C: A D-cell is a source of electric energy. A bulb is an energy receiver that produces light. To make a complete circuit, electricity must travel in a circle from one end of the battery to the other.

11 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg.9-10 Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run pg

12 Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run Date FQ: 1) How can you get electricity from a source to a receiver? 2) How is the motor circuit like the light bulb circuit? 3) What does a switch do in a circuit? P: (IN PEN)

13 circuit base holds many components needed to build a circuit Fahnstock clip metal clip that connects wires in a circuit switch devise used to open and close circuits

14 open circuits an incomplete circuit through which electricity will NOT flow closed circuits a complete circuit through which electricity flows schematic diagram a way to represent a circuit on a piece of paper

15 Drawing of a Battery and Bulb Circuit Schematic Diagram of a Battery and Bulb Circuit

16 C: A motor is an energy receiver that produces motion. A switch is a device that opens & closes a circuit. Schematic drawings represent circuits.

17 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg.9-10 Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run pg Inv. 2-3 Finding Conductors & Insulators pg

18 Date Inv. 2-3 Finding Conductors & Insulators FQ: 1) Can any of the test objects complete a circuit? 2) How much of the classroom environment is made of conductors? P: (IN PEN)

19 Items that will complete the circuit: CONDUCTORS Items that WON T complete the circuit: INSULATORS

20 Items that will complete the circuit: CONDUCTORS Items that WON T complete the circuit: INSULATORS * water * air human copper brass ring washer shiny nail dull nail screen paper fastener aluminum foil paper clip screw * glass yarn craft stick rubber band river pebble black rock plastic chip straw sponge cardboard

21 conductor a substance, commonly a metal such as copper or aluminum, through which electricity will flow insulator a material that prevents the flow of electricity, commonly plastic, rubber, glass, or air

22 C: All metals are conductors. Metals that are covered with insulators will not conduct electricity.

23 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg.9-10 Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run pg Inv. 2-3 Finding Conductors & Insulators pg R.I.S. Ben Franklin pg.15-16

24 Reading in Science Ben Franklin Date FQ: How can inventions solve problems? P: (IN PEN)

25 dizzy experiment genuine hilarious Check your Literature Anthology Glossary for definitions. mischief nowadays politician procedure

26 C: (you summarize)

27 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg.9-10 Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run pg Inv. 2-3 Finding Conductors & Insulators pg R.I.S. Ben Franklin pg Inv. 2-4 Investigating Mystery Circuits pg

28 Date Inv. 2-4 Investigating Mystery Circuits FQ: How would you detect where there is a mystery circuit? Explain what you would do & what you would use. P: (IN PEN)

29 Mystery Circuits (example) A B A B C 1 D C 7 D Some of the hidden wires were a little difficult to find. We Number 1, 3, & 6 have two wires. had to test the paper fasteners various times until we found the two hidden wires. We also found that it was difficult to keep the light bulb in its holder. So, sometimes, we had to re-adjust it before testing for circuits again.

30 Mystery Circuits A B A B C 1 D C 2 D A B A B C 3 D C 4 D

31 Mystery Circuits A B A B C 5 D C 6 D A B A B C 7 D C 8 D

32 C: Circuits can be located by using wires, an electricity source, and a receiver.

33 Table of Contents Inv. 2-1 Lighting a Bulb pg Inv. 2-2 Making a Motor Run pg Inv. 2-3 Finding Conductors & Insulators pg Inv. 2-4 Investigating Mystery Circuits pg Inv. 3-1 Building Series Circuits pg

34 Inv. 3-1 Building Series Circuits Date FQ: 1) Can you get two bulbs to light at the same time? Explain. 2) Can you make two lights bright in a series circuit? Explain. P: (IN PEN)

35 series circuit a circuit with only one pathway for current flow component an individual item in a circuit

36 Series Circuit Schematic Now that you have made this circuit. Lets see what happens when you add more components.

37 Series Circuit Schematic

38 C: A circuit with only one pathway for current flow is a series circuit. Components in a series circuit share the electric energy. Cells in a series circuit must be oriented in the same direction.

39 Table of Contents Inv. 2-4 Investigating Mystery Circuits pg Inv. 3-1 Building Series Circuits pg Inv. 3-2 Building Parallel Circuits pg

40 Inv. 3-2 Building Parallel Circuits Date FQ: 1) How can you light two bulbs brightly with just one D- cell? Explain. 2) How many different ways can you wire a parallel circuit? P: (IN PEN)

41 Parallel Circuit Schematics A B

42 Parallel Circuit Schematics C D

43 parallel circuit a circuit that splits into two or more pathways before coming together at the battery

44 C: Components in a parallel circuit each have a direct pathway to the energy source. A single D-cell can run many components when they are connected in a parallel circuit.

45 NOTE: * If you want more energy, put your batteries in a series circuit. * If you want the source to work longer, put the batteries in a parallel circuit.

46 Parallel Circuit with a switch. When putting a switch in a parallel circuit: If the switch is open the bulb lights. If the switch is closed the bulb goes out. This circuit is ON! Why? The source has 2 possible paths, one with a lot of resistance (the bulb) & one with virtually no resistance (the switch), essentially all of the current will flow through the switch. IT TAKES THE PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE!